Gladstone Fish Health Investigation 2011 - 2012 - Western Basin ...

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For heart condition, six fish were rated as ‘abnormal’, with four of these being barramundi. These sixappeared randomly spread across the trips (four vs. two, for trips 1 and 2 respectively), locations (onefrom a reference site and the other five from four different locations), and ‘disease status’ (three each).Similarly, only six fish had a hindgut rating other than ‘zero’ – three tiger mullet from the lower BoyneRiver on trip 1, and from trip 2 there were two barramundi from the Calliope River and one from theFitzroy River (r eference site). Five of these six fish were rated as ‘not diseased’.Nine fish had a kidney rating of ‘other’ (vs. ‘normal’). These were all mullet from trip 2 ‐ six coming fromthe upper Boyne River, two from the lower Boyne River, and one from Rodd’s Bay. Whilst being excludedfor the overall (cross‐species) analyses, this variable was included in the separate analyses conducted formullet.Most of the spleen categories were rated as red or black granular, which are considered normal. Therewas only one enlarged spleen, a barramundi from the lower Boyne River. There were no apparentpatterns in ratings of ‘nodular’ (four from the reference sites vs. three from the Gladstone sites), nor fort he ‘other’ category (eight from the reference sites vs. four from the Gladstone sites).Parasites (as determined in the field) had generally low incidence, with 30 from Bundaberg and 6 fromthe Fitzroy River (the reference sites) vs. a total of 11 from the seven sites around Gladstone.3.2 Comparing the laboratory and field assessmentsThe skin and lesion categories for each individual were re‐assessed in the laboratory. For skin categories,the respective counts are listed in Table 3.2. There was a significant (P < 0.01) degree of association, withperfect agreement in 63% of the cases (the light‐grey cells). There was no apparent bias, as the field ratingwas higher than the laboratory rating in 18% of the cases, and lower in 19%. This shows that the ratingsconducted in the field are unbiased, and as these were done on all 1504 fish (vs. the 294 that were alsorated in the laboratory), forms the best overall sample of skin category ratings.Table 3.2. C ounts for skin categories fo r fish (F = field assessment; L = laboratory assessment).F ‐ 0 1 2 3 4L ‐ 0 163 6 26 1 01 28 2 7 4 22 8 1 11 5 23 6 0 0 7 04 13 0 0 02As shown in Table 3.3, lesion categories tell a similar story. Again there was a significant (P < 0.01), buthigher, degree of association, with perfect agreement in 89% of the cases. The lack of bias is again evident,w ith 4.5% having a field rating higher than the rating in the laboratory, and 6.5% for vice versa.Table 3.3. C ounts for lesion categories for fish (F = field assessmen t; L = laborato ry assessment).F ‐ 0 1 2 3 4L ‐ 0 246 3 6 1 01 2 2 3 0 02 2 3 11 0 03 0 0 5 0 04 6 0 1 0 33.3 Overview of analysesOf the 13 variables that had sufficient data for analyses, ‘fish species’ was significant (P < 0.05) for 11,indicating the necessity to correctly adjust the other means for this important effect. Interestingly,‘disease status’ (as assessed in the field) only had a significant effect on four of the variables. Significantdifferences were found between locations in 11 analyses and between trips in four. Importantly, there105
was a significant (P < 0.05) location by trip interaction in seven of the 13 analyses (54%). As this isnotably higher than the random expectation of 5%, it was concluded that the changing patterns ofresponses over space and time are a real effect, so the data are reported on this two‐way basis (locationsby times).Time since death – This ranged from 0 to 17 hours. It significantly (P < 0.05) affected the laboratoryratings for skin and fin condition (% of fish affected), and there was a significant interaction with fishspecies. Of the 12 bull sharks submitted to the laboratory, most (8) had a recordable skin condition, yetfor all 12 the rated fin condition was zero. The analyses for laboratory‐rated skin and fin condition thusincluded time since death (along with the species interaction), and the resultant means are standardisedfor this.The observed patterns for the fish species are of interest. As binary (0 or 1) data cannot easily be visuallyinterpreted, we condensed these data into five levels of time since death, separately for the species (whichdid display different coverage), and also using the numbers of observations of each species in each class asa weighting factor for these analyses. For the percentage of fish with a recordable skin condition, therewas a relationship with time since death for both barramundi (R 2 = 58%; P = 0.010) and mullet (R 2 = 64%;P = 0.056; mullet had fewer observations over times). For both these species, there was no evidence of adifference in the relationship between the reference and the Gladstone sites (P > 0.17 for all four of thesignificance tests). Figures 3.1 and 3.2 show the mean values for the regions, along with the fitted lines.100Percentage with skin condition > 0806040200y = 33.8 + 3.92 * xReferenceGladstoneFitted line0 5 10 15Time since death (hours)Figure 3.1. Barramundi skin condition ratings vs. time since death, by regions.106
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Department of Agriculture, Fisherie
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ContentsTable of tables 1Table of f
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Mullet (Mugilidae) 80Banana prawn (
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Figure 7. Barramundi caught in the
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Figure 38. Sharks caught in the Cal
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Phase 1 (August 2011-February 2012)
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The results in this study support t
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ecognised expertise and research pu
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Mr Mitchell reported high catches u
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Figure 2. Sampling sites within the
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Phase 2: Expanded Gladstone Fish He
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Mud crab (Scylla serrata): Mud crab
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For mud crabs, hepatopancreas, gill
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Table 2. The number of fish, crusta
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Significant findings and discussion
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Commercial barramundi catch and cat
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Figure 6. Eye condition observed in
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Conditions observed in barramundi s
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Figure 12. A barramundi caught in t
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provided another environmental stre
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was somewhat reduced because post-m
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4,000Commercial effort (days fished
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Size structure of mud crabs observe
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Figure 21. Examples of shell abnorm
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Of the 58 crabs observed to have sh
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HistopathologyLipid storage vacuola
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Commercial fishing effort for mulle
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Figure 28. (a) Mullet caught in Rod
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June/July: Mullet samples were coll
Page 59 and 60: Sharks and raysThe monitoring progr
Page 61 and 62: Observational findings Phase 1Phase
Page 63 and 64: Encysted larval parasites were foun
Page 65 and 66: in particular bull sharks, have bee
Page 67 and 68: Commercial banana prawn catch for t
Page 69 and 70: Observational findings Phase 2April
Page 71 and 72: Laboratory testing Phase 1Seven riv
Page 73 and 74: four displayed signs of redness. Th
Page 75 and 76: Conditions observed in pelagic fish
Page 77 and 78: FinfishObservational findingsDuring
Page 79 and 80: ConclusionsIn 2011, a wide range of
Page 81 and 82: Mud crabsFisheries Queensland did n
Page 83 and 84: Owens, L. 1983. Bopyrid isopod Epip
Page 85 and 86: Candidate speciesThe monitoring pro
Page 87 and 88: Table 1: Candidate species for each
Page 89 and 90: Sample processingSample processing
Page 91 and 92: Herring/grinner/Australian threadfi
Page 93 and 94: For example: the third specimen, re
Page 95 and 96: oooGonad - present/absentHepatopanc
Page 97 and 98: Cloudy eye,swollen,redness orhemorr
Page 99 and 100: Red pin pointmarks - nogeneral redn
Page 101 and 102: Lesion photos Description GradeThis
Page 103 and 104: L4continuedoperculumgrazing;cuts or
Page 105 and 106: Appendix A-3: Fish health assessmen
Page 107 and 108: Appendix B - Statistical report: Gl
Page 109: analyses, but this was not done for
Page 113 and 114: Percentage with fin condition > 015
Page 115 and 116: Table 3.6b. Effects of locations an
Page 117 and 118: Table 3.7d. Spleen categories - cou
Page 119 and 120: 32Bundy2Bundy1UpBoyne1UpBoyne2LwBoy
Page 121 and 122: Table 3.9c. Regional group means an
Page 123 and 124: Table 4.2c. Effects of locations an
Page 125 and 126: 4.5 Summarising by regionsThe means
Page 127 and 128: Ta ble 5.2a. Effects of locations a
Page 129 and 130: 5.5 Summarising by regionsThe means
Page 131 and 132: 6.3 ResultsThere was no significant
Page 133 and 134: Table 6.5 lists the mean values whe
Page 135 and 136: Standardized residualsStandardized
Page 137 and 138: Table 2.3f. Muscle lesions.Lake Fit
Page 139 and 140: Table 4. 1f. Muscle lesions.Fitzroy
Page 141 and 142: Table 5.6. Regiona l m eans for the
Page 143 and 144: Contaminants in Tissue ofFish and C
Page 145 and 146: Contaminants in Tissue of Fish and
Page 151 and 152: Department of Science, Information
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Department of Science, Information
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Appendix E - Time line BarraBy John
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friends. Rapidly rising flood water
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To make note - condition loss was e
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May/June- FinsMy initial observatio
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Thes e escapee were now also in awo
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Figure N. Barramundi showing net ma
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September- Deaths and SicknessFigur
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There is numerous distinguishing fe
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Department of Agriculture, Fisherie
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Gladstone Fish Health Investigation 2011 - 2012 - Western Basin ...

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