r - part - usaid

discharge capacity is dropping off, it is an indication that
either the well is becoaing incrusted or the pump is
ma1Eunctionfng, Procedures are given in the manaais for mare
cumplate evaluation UP problems, However, without maintenance
of xeco~xls proper assessment cannot be made.
2.4.2 Distribution System Maintenance
The distribution systems axe those associated w ith wells
equipped with diesel pumps, and include afJ sf the civil works,
In particular this refers to the storage tank, watering troughs,
domestic distrlbuticc facflty, and a31 of the related piping*
Very few of the storage tanks carrently in place are
equipped with cavers. This allows algae to grow and blowing
sand. to accumulate in the tank. Both cause plugging in the
outlet pipe. The obvious solution is constructing covers for
these tanks, however, until such ti~e as this work is completed
regular cleaning will be required.
The animal water troughs, which cannot be covered,
experience similar problems. These are more easily cleaned, but
need to be maintaineZ. An additional problem associated with
the animal troughs is the erosion and undercutting of the
concrete apron around the trouqh. Crushes rock ernplaced around
the trough would help t~ solve this problem; however, crushed
rock is not always readily available. The caretaker of the we13
should be responsible far getting assistance to help keep this
area properly graded.
Leaky taps, plugged drains, stagnant puddled water, and
broken concrete are ty~ical conditions associated with negXecte3
maintenance of domestic water points. These problems need to be
dealt with at the village level, and as quickly as is feasible.
Lack of attention ultizately results in total failure of the
system.
Because sf the hiqb total dissolved solids in much of the
groundwaters of Somalia, encrusting and/or corrosive ~a~iditions
exists. his causes plugging or leaking af valves and piping
associated with the distribution system. If monitored cn a
regular basis, replacements can be made that will avoid a total
shutdom 05 the water system Spares will need to be stocked
and personnel within the village trained to deal with the
- ~rloble~.
2,s. Cumunity Participation and Water Com.ittess
The arfginal project paper (1979) discussed the need for
studies lo identify local leadership patterns and for actions to
f12nccurageu local parrfcipatfon in different phases of the