r - part - usaid
r - part - usaid
r - part - usaid
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and transportation sectors, Eater development is entrusted to a<br />
hierarchical structure consisting of the hiC, the MMWR, and the<br />
WDA. Other sectors are represented by Ministries such as<br />
trealth, AgricuLkure, and Transportation, and have a role in<br />
water resource development that is secondary in terms of overall<br />
water resource planning. Total development budgets are<br />
allacated to sectoral activities, and thus ta the Ministries.<br />
The WC-WYJa-W'D,P is required to prepare a national water<br />
resource development program for which necessary funds are<br />
provided. This water resource development program is reportedly<br />
related, by the W C and the Winistry of National Planning, tcr<br />
the pattern of development in other sectors, to the health,<br />
agriculture, and road construction programs throughout the<br />
country.<br />
ft has long been realized that all of these sectors are<br />
closely related, They are interdependent to the extent that the<br />
creation cf a new water source often rer-lts in ~;umerous<br />
environmental and social changes. Th~se ;nay include increased<br />
sedentarization, changes. in economic activities, and increased<br />
demand for the government to provide social services, such as<br />
schools an2 health centers. Attempts to acknowledge this<br />
interdependence among sectors has led to the design of<br />
broad-based development projects, with a cosponent for each<br />
sector represented. Often called "integrated rural development1l<br />
projects, these cover specific geographic areas. These projects<br />
are frewently given considerable autonomy, and administratively<br />
cut across the traditional sectoral lines of government<br />
~rjaniza'cion. The resulting structure, carried to its extreme,<br />
is illustrated in Figure 2.6.2.<br />
within this structure, a national water resource<br />
development program exists only to the extent that it derivss<br />
from the aggregated water resource development ccmponents of %he<br />
i~tegrated development plans and projects thrgughout che<br />
country. Examples of s'ich integrated projects are the Bay<br />
Region Agricultural Cevelopment Project and the Central<br />
Rangelands Development Project- It is clear that soze of these<br />
projects are not, in fact, fully "'iategratedw, and do nor<br />
involve every sector of the gwernment: some areas of tha<br />
country are not at preser.t within an integrated deve3npment<br />
project, and must therefore rely upon the former structure<br />
whereby the NWC-mTZ-WDA is responsible for their water<br />
development planning. The W M currently finds itself caught<br />
between these two structures, and its role within each is<br />
I .<br />
considerably different- Before defnnng its future role,<br />
changed as a resuit of moves towards increasad privatization<br />
within the indastry, its present role must be more clearly<br />
defined.