r - part - usaid

and transportation sectors, Eater development is entrusted to a
hierarchical structure consisting of the hiC, the MMWR, and the
WDA. Other sectors are represented by Ministries such as
trealth, AgricuLkure, and Transportation, and have a role in
water resource development that is secondary in terms of overall
water resource planning. Total development budgets are
allacated to sectoral activities, and thus ta the Ministries.
The WC-WYJa-W'D,P is required to prepare a national water
resource development program for which necessary funds are
provided. This water resource development program is reportedly
related, by the W C and the Winistry of National Planning, tcr
the pattern of development in other sectors, to the health,
agriculture, and road construction programs throughout the
country.
ft has long been realized that all of these sectors are
closely related, They are interdependent to the extent that the
creation cf a new water source often rer-lts in ~;umerous
environmental and social changes. Th~se ;nay include increased
sedentarization, changes. in economic activities, and increased
demand for the government to provide social services, such as
schools an2 health centers. Attempts to acknowledge this
interdependence among sectors has led to the design of
broad-based development projects, with a cosponent for each
sector represented. Often called "integrated rural development1l
projects, these cover specific geographic areas. These projects
are frewently given considerable autonomy, and administratively
cut across the traditional sectoral lines of government
~rjaniza'cion. The resulting structure, carried to its extreme,
is illustrated in Figure 2.6.2.
within this structure, a national water resource
development program exists only to the extent that it derivss
from the aggregated water resource development ccmponents of %he
i~tegrated development plans and projects thrgughout che
country. Examples of s'ich integrated projects are the Bay
Region Agricultural Cevelopment Project and the Central
Rangelands Development Project- It is clear that soze of these
projects are not, in fact, fully "'iategratedw, and do nor
involve every sector of the gwernment: some areas of tha
country are not at preser.t within an integrated deve3npment
project, and must therefore rely upon the former structure
whereby the NWC-mTZ-WDA is responsible for their water
development planning. The W M currently finds itself caught
between these two structures, and its role within each is
I .
considerably different- Before defnnng its future role,
changed as a resuit of moves towards increasad privatization
within the indastry, its present role must be more clearly
defined.