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At the "Lime of writing, WDA is estimated to have twenty drilling rigs in operating conditioz, and perhaps a further twenty which are not operational but axe considered repairable. Though many of these are old, and, in accounting terms, fully depreciat-d, thesa forty rigs represent an eventual capital replacaxtent cc's+ of at least ten million dollars. Assuming the drilling rates experienced by the project in the Central Range, with a euccese rate of only 50%, these rigs coula potentially construct 120 productfon wells each year, The direct costs involved would be approxi~tely VSS5.000.000 for the production wells, and an additional US$1.250,000 for the exploratory wells. The success rate would hopefully be much higher than 50%. This level of production would achieve the targets shown in Table 2.4.18 by WDA alone, not counting the additional wells constructed by the private sector. This level of production could be achieved, but given the present level of management expertise within WDA, and the complete lack of incentives provided to staff, it is unlikely to occur. In considering whether Somalia can afford such an extensive program of drilling, consideration should also be given to whether Somalia can afford not to have the water which it would praduce. 4.4.2. Operation and Maintenance, and Well Revenues From the cost figures shown in section 4.3.4, the current government price for water appears to be adequate to recover all operation and maintenance costs. Xn order to recover the direct costs of corstruction, the price would need to be at least doubled. The revenues actually collected by WDA, however, fall a long way short of those predicted in this report. Many instances were found ohere village communities regularly purchased fuel on the "black marketH: for all practical pcrposes, these wells have been abandwnned by WDA. In many other areas, the practice seems to have been established that fuel delivered by WDA is wpurchased" by the local community, and this purchase price substitutes for the correct revenues due for e previous operating period, Given these widespread practices, the uperatian and maintenance costing analyses presented in this re<strong>part</strong> will not be especially useful, If, in fact, WDA is unable to enforce the correct pricing procedure for the sale of water, and cannot therefore recover anything like the total revenues due, then a case exists for an alternative approach to the administration of wells. This might involve some degree of privatization. Ownership could be transferred to the comnunity, w ith laws governing the obligation to provide access to water rsd maximum prices charged, Tne wells could be sold, Peasea, ox rented to the community. operation and maintenance suld then be the responsibility of the comunity, to contract .-ith the private sector, ox with WDA.
These issues are discussed more fully in Sections 3 and 5 of this report. Their releva,:ce to this section is that the economic anaiysis of operation an9 maixuitenance, and of water pricing, in this report do not torresp~nd to actual practices within WDA or at WDA we21 sites,
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'/+F ,"r a .*:'& 9 SOMALI DEMOCRATI
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YULt%E XI GENZPAL ACTIVITIES TAX& O
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3 - 0 MONITORING AND ETi7ALUATK0X S
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5-0 PRIVATE SECTOR 5.1 Changes fn t
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Ea3eeP Dry Senson Fnzp Operations M
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LIST CF FIGURES say Hfzan, Galga&~d
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3,'VaDF BR CWPP CGDP CRDP c2 EPR FA
Page 15 and 16:
This End of Pruiect 3eporS (EPR) sa
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and private sector developnent- The
Page 19 and 20:
projects. Brandon, Carter, 1984, Ec
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Pne sf h e najor qoais bE t e 3 was
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At the coapletfoz o: tta firsi ?haz
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~ecessily taught in the field and 0
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Analytical Results F gure 2.2,2 ANA
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provided during this proSect I3 all
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One windmill was instalied with can
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The C>>cersity of Ky-ozi~~ x~derzco
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325 3uTy and A u q ~ s 19g5, ~ Zrzi
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cZ the crane, a ~ d iy- 3 e proper
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practical prcblews and vith troukie
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water pricing s2r~cture. In additio
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planner/co~puter expert for one mon
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in the original objectives, were on
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- -*- "..*-".#-*-----.i . - . - ".
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Figure 2.2.6 DiSTR18UT1ON OF CATTLE
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- : - - ? E # ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Z ; [ ~ B
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MERRE, BAY REGION.
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z7 - c"
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from the wells zompletad by the CGD
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Aquifer Test Aquifer Tesz Time t!og
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Be1 electrical supply systea was su
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programs with water deve3opment com
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curbination of long-tern counterpar
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the Planning Unit - planner, econom
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discharge capacity is dropping off,
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Developnent Agency- Prosate and fac
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Several activities were carried out
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(2) Socioeconomic background survey
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Community residents sade substantia
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(1) me participation of the RLX" in
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of safe-water supply systems. The p
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as-needed basis. In January of 1986
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of monitoring and evaluation proced
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The traditional calendar divides th
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AFTf R UNfVERSlTY OF WYOMING. 1984.
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and; Dinsoor (Diinsoor) . Districts
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The herding uf animals provides mos
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village reservoixs (war) 1s a cornu
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adapted to conditions in the Centra
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operations and to provide feedback
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changes are viewed by dlfferezt gro
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Figure 2.3.4- presents a nodel for
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Certtral Rangelasds saciuecono~ic d
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The Water Conmittae Baseline Survey
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vita: skaZistics and q~~estfans sn
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cstr Part-zbutra" 6-ru €47~: 2 m
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This infomation, conbined with othe
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uperatfons and aaintanance. Copies
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maintenance- Table 2.3,s av=3ri~as
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all hutian watering poi~"rts have s
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use within and between vi1;agr;s. T
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-------------"---------------------
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-----------*----**---------*-------
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elative tt ~ tker wells with simila
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But 2% is >at inclzde3 i their f in
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Another zigndffcnat change Bas been
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stretegy, WDA support for these act
Page 138 and 139: frif) C035,3~3it:. Participation Is
Page 140 and 141: further analysis has now been compl
Page 142 and 143: . ..I t "I." V C 7 3 " - '>U- -7 u
Page 144 and 145: exploratorf drfl3ing, and the objec
Page 147 and 148: kL% costs of bported ecpipnext a at
Page 149 and 150: Fiyre 2-4.7 WELL CONSTRRUGTiON Dl R
Page 151 and 152: methodalogy is given in a aanual of
Page 153 and 154: -4 Q, rl m 4 a Qt 0 &' a .G 0 a 4-J
Page 155 and 156: cost of running them, Without addit
Page 157 and 158: This kind of calculation is often r
Page 159 and 160: Appendices 4,4,1 azd 4.4.2 i", is p
Page 161 and 162: costs applicabre to a3 area sxzk as
Page 163 and 164: Labour 22 I E :e . = + A=." *:Fa Be
Page 165 and 166: of derivering thzt fuel. Xo equival
Page 167 and 168: ig and crew woulcl. be req.~ired. B
Page 169 and 170: wells, as axe the da~gers of 8*disb
Page 171: %.3.1,3. Fuel Casts Fuel casts in S
Page 174 and 175: assumed to be twelve years. With pr
Page 179 and 180: costs Prom Table 2.4.17, the amorti
Page 181 and 182: 4.3-2.3. Actual and Assumed Water P
Page 184 and 185: cost af well construction, For the
Page 186 and 187: - r e r 1 PNC mrrn * b-4 *- * - a n
Page 190 and 191: 5.0 PRIVATE SECTOR In recognition o
Page 192 and 193: the interested reader is strongly e
Page 194 and 195: figure 2.6.1. REDUCTIONtST APPROACH
Page 196 and 197: Figure 2.6.2 SYSl 'EMS THEORY APPRO
Page 198 and 199: even with no major policy changes i
Page 200 and 201: Means to reduce grccureme2t tine sh
Page 202 and 203: SELECTED 2EFERENCES 1. Baston Unive
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