Aarthik Bidheyak 2072_20150714013705

Aarthik Bidheyak 2072_20150714013705 Aarthik Bidheyak 2072_20150714013705

16.07.2015 Views

g]kfn ;/sf/cy{ dGqfnosf];"rgf;fdlos s/ c;"n P]g, @)!@ sf] bkmf # n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/Lg]kfn ;/sf/n] of] cfb]z hf/L u/]sf] 5 M–!= k|f/De M o; cfb]zsf] bkmf !, @, #, $, % / !) ;Djt\ @)&@;fn c;f/ @( ut] b]lv / cGo bkmfx? ;Djt\ @)&@ ;fn;fpg ! ut] b]lv k|f/De ePsf] dflgg]5 .@=eG;f/ dx;'n M -!_ ljb]zaf6 g]kfnleq k}7f/L x'g] dfnj:t'dfcg';"rL–! adf]lhd eG;f/ dx;'n nufOg] / c;'n pk/ ul/g]5 .-@_ g]kfnaf6 ljb]zdf lgsf;L x'g] dfnj:t'df cg';"rL–@ adf]lhd eG;f/ dx;'n nufOg] / c;'n pk/ ul/g] 5 .#= eG;f/ ;]jf b:t'/ M g]kfnaf6 ljb]zdf lgsf;L x'g] / ljb]zaf6g]kfndf k}7f/L x'g] dfnj:t'sf] k|lt k|1fkgkqdf lgsf;L afktPs ;o ?k}ofF / k}7f/L afkt kfFr ;o ?k}ofF eG;f/ ;]jf b:t'/nufOg] / c;'n pk/ ul/g] 5 .t/ lgsf;L dx;'n nfUg] dfnj:t', s'6gLlts tyfdx;'n ;'ljwfdf lgsf;L jf k}7f/L x'g] dfnj:t' tyf dx;'nlt/L c:yfoL k}7f/L x'g] dfnj:t', xjfO{dfu{af6 ofq'n] cfk"m;Fu}n}hfg] dfnj:t' / kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd d"Nosf] lgsf;L jfk}7f/L x'g] dfnj:t'df eG;f/ ;]jf b:t'/ nfUg] 5}g .$= s[lif ;'wf/ z'Ns M cg';"rL–! sf] bkmf !^ df plNnlvtdfnj:t' k}7f/L x'Fbf k}7f/L d"Nodf ;f]xL bkmfdf plNnlvt b/n]s[lif ;'wf/ z'Ns nufOg] / c;'n pk/ ul/g] 5 .t/ To:tf dfnj:t'sf] k}7f/L x'Fbf eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]/x]5 eg] To:tf] k}7f/Ldf s[lif ;'wf/ z'Ns nfUg] 5}g .1

g]kfn ;/sf/cy{ dGqfnosf];"rgf;fdlos s/ c;"n P]g, @)!@ sf] bkmf # n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/Lg]kfn ;/sf/n] of] cfb]z hf/L u/]sf] 5 M–!= k|f/De M o; cfb]zsf] bkmf !, @, #, $, % / !) ;Djt\ @)&@;fn c;f/ @( ut] b]lv / cGo bkmfx? ;Djt\ @)&@ ;fn;fpg ! ut] b]lv k|f/De ePsf] dflgg]5 .@=eG;f/ dx;'n M -!_ ljb]zaf6 g]kfnleq k}7f/L x'g] dfnj:t'dfcg';"rL–! adf]lhd eG;f/ dx;'n nufOg] / c;'n pk/ ul/g]5 .-@_ g]kfnaf6 ljb]zdf lgsf;L x'g] dfnj:t'df cg';"rL–@ adf]lhd eG;f/ dx;'n nufOg] / c;'n pk/ ul/g] 5 .#= eG;f/ ;]jf b:t'/ M g]kfnaf6 ljb]zdf lgsf;L x'g] / ljb]zaf6g]kfndf k}7f/L x'g] dfnj:t'sf] k|lt k|1fkgkqdf lgsf;L afktPs ;o ?k}ofF / k}7f/L afkt kfFr ;o ?k}ofF eG;f/ ;]jf b:t'/nufOg] / c;'n pk/ ul/g] 5 .t/ lgsf;L dx;'n nfUg] dfnj:t', s'6gLlts tyfdx;'n ;'ljwfdf lgsf;L jf k}7f/L x'g] dfnj:t' tyf dx;'nlt/L c:yfoL k}7f/L x'g] dfnj:t', xjfO{dfu{af6 ofq'n] cfk"m;Fu}n}hfg] dfnj:t' / kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd d"Nosf] lgsf;L jfk}7f/L x'g] dfnj:t'df eG;f/ ;]jf b:t'/ nfUg] 5}g .$= s[lif ;'wf/ z'Ns M cg';"rL–! sf] bkmf !^ df plNnlvtdfnj:t' k}7f/L x'Fbf k}7f/L d"Nodf ;f]xL bkmfdf plNnlvt b/n]s[lif ;'wf/ z'Ns nufOg] / c;'n pk/ ul/g] 5 .t/ To:tf dfnj:t'sf] k}7f/L x'Fbf eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]/x]5 eg] To:tf] k}7f/Ldf s[lif ;'wf/ z'Ns nfUg] 5}g .1


%= cGtMz'Ns M g]kfnleqsf] ldn jf sf/vfgfaf6 pTkfbg jf tof/ePsf dfnj:t' jf kbfy{, k}7f/L ePsf dfnj:t' jf kbfy{ jf;]jfdf cGtMz'Ns P]g, @)%* adf]lhd cGtMz'Ns nufOg] /c;'n pk/ ul/g] 5 .^= d"No clej[l4 s/ M cfly{s jif{ @)&@÷)&# df d"No clej[l4s/ P]g, @)%@ adf]lhd d"No clej[l4 s/ nufOg] / c;'n pk/ul/g] 5 .&=:jf:Yo ;]jf s/ M -!_ cfly{s jif{ @)&@÷)&# df g]kfn;/sf/n] k|bfg ug]{ :jf:Yo ;]jf / ;fd'bflos c:ktfnx¿n]k|bfg ug]{ :jf:Yo ;]jf afx]ssf JolQm, ;+:yf jf lgsfox¿n]k|bfg ug]{ :jf:Yo ;]jfdf hf/L lahs d"Nosf] kfFr k|ltztsfb/n] :jf:Yo ;]jf s/ nufOg] / c;'n pk/ ul/g] 5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] :jf:Yo ;]jf s/ To:tf];]jf k|bfg ug{] JolQm, ;+:yf jf lgsfon] lahs hf/L u/L c;'npk/ ug'{ kg]{5 .-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd :jf:Yo ;]jf s/ c;'n ug]{JolQm, ;+:yf jf lgsfon] c;'n u/]sf] /sd / ;f]sf] ljj/0frf}dfl;s ?kdf k|To]s rf}dfl;s cjlw ;dfKt ePsf] kRrL;lbgleq ;DalGwt cfGtl/s /fh:j sfof{no jf s/bftf ;]jfsfof{nodf bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 .-$_ s'g} JolQm, ;+:yf jf lgsfon] pkbkmf -!_adf]lhdsf] :jf:Yo ;]jf s/ 5n]sf] kfOPdf s/ clws[tn]:jf:Yo ;]jf s/ lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd :jf:Yo ;]jf s/ lgwf{/0f ubf{s/ clws[tn] ;DalGwt JolQm, ;+:yf jf lgsfonfO{ cfkm\gf];kmfO{ k]z ug{ kGw| lbgsf] Dofb lbg' kg]{5 .-^_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] Dofbleq s/ bflvnfgu/]df jflif{s kGw| k|ltzt Aofh / ljj/0f bflvnf gu/]df k|ltljj/0f Ps xhf/ ?k}ofF c;'n pk/ ul/g] 5 .-&_ s'g} JolQm, ;+:yf jf lgsfon] :jf:Yo ;]jf s/5n]df s/ clws[tn] pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd s/ lgwf{/0f u/]sf]/sdsf] kRrL; k|ltzt /sd h/Ljfgf ug{ ;Sg]5 .-*_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] :jf:Yo ;]jf s/ ga'emfpg]JolQm, ;+:yf jf lgsfonfO{ s/ clws[tn] To:tf] JolQm, ;+:yf2


jf lgsfoåf/f ;~rflnt sf/f]af/nfO{ aGb ug{ cfb]z lbg;Sg]5 .-(_ s/ clws[tn] pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd u/]sf] s/lgwf{/0f jf pkbkmf -*_ adf]lhd sf/f]af/ aGb ug{ lbPsf]cfb]z pk/ lrQ ga'´\g] JolQm, ;+:yf jf lgsfon] To:tf];"rgf kfPsf] ldltn] tL; lbgleq k|zf;sLo k'g/fjnf]sgsfnflu cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefusf dxflgb]{zs ;dIf lgj]bg lbg;Sg]5 .-!)_ pkbkmf -(_ adf]lhd lgj]bg lbg] Dofb u'lh|guPdf To:tf] Dofb u'h|]sf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq Dofb u'lh|guPsf] sf/0f vf]nL cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefusf dxflgb]{zs ;dIflgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 / To:tf] lgj]bgdf plNnlvt sf/0f dgfl;ab]lvPdf cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefusf dxflgb]{zsn] Dofb u'h|]sf]ldltaf6 tL; lbg Dofb yk ug{ ;Sg]5 .-!!_ pkbkmf -(_ adf]lhd lgj]bg k/]sf] ldltn] ;f7Llbgleq ;f] lgj]bg pk/ cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefusfdxflgb]{zsn] lg0f{o ug'{ kg]{5 .-!@_ pkbkmf -(_ adf]lhd k/]sf] lgj]bg pk/ 5fgljgubf{ To:tf] lgj]bgsf] lhls/ pko'Qm b]lvg cfPdf :ki6 sf/0fv'nfO{ krf{ v8f u/L :jf:Yo ;]jf s/ k'gM lgwf{/0f ug{cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefusf dxflgb]{zsn] cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 .-!#_ pkbkmf -(_ adf]lhd lgj]bg lbg] JolQmn] lgwf{l/t:jf:Yo ;]jf s/ /sddWo] ljjfb/lxt :jf:Yo ;]jf s/ /hl/jfgf /sd a'emfO{ ljjflbt :jf:Yo ;]jf s/ / hl/jfgf/sdsf] Ps ltxfO{ /sd gub w/f}6L /fVg' kg]{5 .-!$_ pkbkmf -!!_ adf]lhdsf] Dofbleq cfGtl/s/fh:j ljefusf dxflgb]{zsn] lg0f{o gu/]df ;f] Dofb gf3]kl5jf u/]sf] lg0f{o pk/ lrQ ga'em]df ;f] lg0f{osf] ;'rgf kfPsf]ldltn] k}+tL; lbg leq ;DalGwt JolQmn] /fh:j Gofoflws/0fdfk'g/fj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .-!%_ o; bkmf adf]lhd k|zf;sLo k'g/fjnf]sgsf]lgj]bg jf k'g/fj]bg lbg] JolQmn] ;f]sf] Ps k|lt kGw| lbgleq;DalGwt cfGtl/s /fh:j sfof{no jf s/bftf ;]jf sfof{nodfbtf{ u/fpg' kg]{5 .-!^_ pkbkmf -(_ adf]lhd k'g/fjnf]sgsf] lgj]bg jfpkbkmf -!$_ adf]lhd k'g/fj]bg lbPsf] sf/0faf6 pkbkmf -$_3


pkbkmf -*_ df pNn]lvt lg0f{osf] sfof{Gjogdf c;/ k/]sf]dflgg] 5}g .-!&_ :jf:Yo ;]jf s/ a'emfpg] JolQm, ;+:yf jflgsfon] :j]lR5s ?kdf d"No clej[l4 s/df btf{ x'g ;Sg]5 .-!*_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg pkbkmf -!&_ adf]lhd btf{ ePsf] JolQm, ;+:yf jflgsfoaf6 d"No clej[l4 s/ P]g, @)%@ adf]lhd d"No clej[l4s/ c;'n pk/ ug'{ kg]{5 .-!(_ pkbkmf -!&_ adf]lhd d"No clej[l4 s/df btf{ePsf] JolQm, ;+:yf jf lgsfon] btf{ ePsf] ldltn] kfFr jif{;Ddd"No clej[l4 s/ dfq c;'n pk/ ug'{ kg]{5 .-@)_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] :jf:Yo ;]jf s/sf]sfo{ljlw cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefun] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 .-@!_ :jf:Yo ;]jf s/sf] k|zf;g cfGtl/s /fh:jljefu / ;f] ljefu cGtu{tsf sfof{noaf6 x'g]5 . To:tf]sfof{no gePsf] lhNnfdf ;f] ljefun] tf]s]sf] k|lqmof adf]lhdsf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{non] :jf:Yo ;]jf s/sf] k|zf;gug]{5 .*= lzIff ;]jf z'Ns M -!_ cfly{s jif{ @)&@÷)&# df lghL If]qaf6;~rflnt b]zel/sf pRr dfWolds lzIffeGbf dflysf] lzIffk|bfg ug]{ lzIf0f ;+:yf, sf7df8f}+ pkTosfleq tyf pk–dxfgu/kflnsf, gu/kflnsf / lhNnf ;b/d'sfd tyf cfGtl/s/fh:j ljefun] tf]s]sf] :yfgdf ;+rflnt lzIf0f ;+:yfx?sf]xsdf ;j} txsf]] lzIff k|bfg ug]{ lzIf0f ;+:yfx?n] c;'n ug]{egf{ z'Ns / dfl;s lzIf0f z'Nsdf Ps k|ltztsf b/n] lzIff;]jf z'Ns nufOg] / c;'n pk/ ul/g] 5 .:ki6Ls/0fM o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ælghL If]qaf6;~rflnt lzIf0f ;+:yfÆ eGgfn] tfnLd tyf k'gtf{huL tfnLdk|bfg ug]{ ;+:yf afx]s sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ eO{ lghL If]qaf6;~rflnt ljZjljBfno, dxfljBfno, ljBfno tyf k|fljlwslzIffno nufot h'g;'s} lsl;dsf] lzIff k|bfg ug]{ lgsfo;Demg' k5{ .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg;fj{hlgs z}lIfs u'7L cGtu{t ;~rflnt lzIf0f ;+:yfnfO{lzIff ;]jf z'Ns nfUg] 5}g .4


-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] z'Ns lk5l8Psf tyf b'u{dIf]qsf ljkGg ju{sf ljBfyL{x¿sf] lxtdf vr{ ul/g] 5 .-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] lzIff ;]jf z'Ns To:tflzIf0f ;+:yfn] lahs hf/L u/L c;'n pk/ ug'{ kg]{5 . s'g}lzIf0f ;+:yfn] lzIff ;]jf z'Ns c;'n x'g] u/L lahs hf/Lgu/]df k|fKt ;"rgfsf cfwf/df To:tf lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] ;Dk"0f{sfuhft tyf cfly{s / k|zf;lgs sIf s/ clws[tn] cfˆgf]sAhf jf lgoGq0fdf lng ;Sg]5 .-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd lzIff ;]jf z'Ns c;'n ug]{lzIf0f ;+:yfn] c;'n u/]sf] /sd / ;f]sf] ljj/0f rf}dfl;s?kdf k|To]s rf}dfl;s cjlw ;dfKt ePsf] kRrL; lbgleqcfGtl/s /fh:j sfof{no ePsf] lhNnfdf ;f] sfof{nodf /cfGtl/s /fh:j sfof{no gePsf] lhNnfdf sf]if tyf n]vflgoGqs sfof{nodf bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 .-^_ pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhdsf] Dofbleq s'g} lzIf0f;+:yfn] lzIff ;]jf z'Ns bflvnf gu/]df jflif{s kGw| k|ltztAofh / ljj/0f bflvnf gu/]df k|lt ljj/0f Ps xhf/ ?k}ofFTo:tf] lzIf0f ;+:yfaf6 c;'n pk/ ul/g]5 . pkbkmf -%_ dftf]lsPsf] Dofbkl5sf] tLg dlxgf;Dd klg lzIff ;]jf z'Nsbflvnf gug]{ lzIf0f ;+:yfnfO{ sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf]eP tfklg s/ clws[tn] aGb ug{ cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 .-&_ s'g} lzIf0f ;+:yfn] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] lzIff;]jf z'Ns 5n]sf] kfOPdf s/ clws[tn] lzIff ;]jf z'Nslgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .-*_ pkbkmf -&_ adf]lhd lzIff ;]jf z'Ns lgwf{/0f ubf{s/ clws[tn] ;DalGwt lzIf0f ;+:yfnfO{ cfkm\gf] ;kmfO{ k]zug{ kGw| lbgsf] Dofb lbg' kg]{5 .-(_ s'g} lzIf0f ;+:yfn] lzIff ;]jf z'Ns 5n]df s/clws[tn] lauf]sf] kRrL; k|ltzt /sd h/Ljfgf ug{ ;Sg]5 .-!)_ s/ clws[tn] pkbkmf -&_ adf]lhd u/]sf] s/lgwf{/0f jf pkbkmf -^_ adf]lhd sf/f]af/ aGb ug{ lbPsf] cfb]zpk/ lrQ ga'´\g] lzIf0f ;+:yfn] To:tf] ;"rgf kfPsf] ldltn]tL; lbgleq k|zf;sLo k'g/fjnf]sgsf nflu cfGtl/s /fh:jljefusf dxflgb]{zs ;dIf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .-!!_ pkbkmf -!)_ adf]lhd lgj]bg lbg] Dofb u'lh|guPdf To:tf] Dofb u'h|]sf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq Dofb u'lh|guPsf] sf/0f vf]nL cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefusf dxflgb]{zs ;dIf5


lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 / To:tf] lgj]bgdf plNnlvt sf/0f dgfl;ab]lvPdf cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefusf dxflgb]{zsn] Dofb u'h|]sf]ldltaf6 tL; lbg Dofb yk ug{ ;Sg]5 .-!@_ pkbkmf -!)_ adf]lhd k/]sf] lgj]bg pk/ 5fgljgubf{ To:tf] lgj]bgsf] lhls/ pko'Qm b]lvg cfPdf :ki6 sf/0fv'nfO{ krf{ v8f u/L lzIff ;]jf z'Ns k'gM lgwf{/0f ug{cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefusf dxflgb]{zsn] cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 .-!#_ pkbkmf -!)_ adf]lhd lgj]bg k/]sf] ldltn] ;f7Llbgleq ;f] lgj]bg pk/ cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefusfdxflgb]{zsn] lg0f{o ug'{ kg]{5 .-!$_ pkbkmf -!)_ adf]lhd lgj]bg lbg] lzIf0f ;+:yfn]lgwf{l/t lzIff ;]jf z'Ns /sddWo] ljjfb/lxt lzIff ;]jf z'Ns/ hl/jfgf /sd a'emfO{ ljjflbt lzIff ;]jf z'Ns / hl/jfgf/sdsf] Ps ltxfO{ /sd gub w/f}6L /fVg' kg]{5 .-!%_ pkbkmf -!#_ adf]lhdsf] Dofbleq cfGtl/s/fh:j ljefusf dxflgb]{zsn] lg0f{o gu/]df ;f] Dofb gf3]kl5jf u/]sf] lg0f{o pk/ lrQ ga'em]df ;f] lg0f{osf] ;'rgf kfPsf]ldltn] k}+QL; lbg leq ;DalGwt JolQmn] /fh:j Gofoflws/0fdfk'g/fj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .-!^_ o; bkmf adf]lhd k|zf;sLo k'g/fjnf]sgsf]lgj]bg jf k'g/fj]bg lbg] lzIf0f ;+:yfn] ;f]sf] Ps k|lt kGw|lbgleq ;DalGwt cfGtl/s /fh:j sfof{no jf s/bftf ;]jfsfof{nodf btf{ u/fpg' kg]{5 .-!&_ pkbkmf -!)_ adf]lhd k'g/fjnf]sgsf] lgj]bg jfpkbkmf -!%_ adf]lhd k'g/fj]bg lbPsf] sf/0faf6 pkbkmf -&_df plNnlvt lg0f{osf] sfof{Gjogdf c;/ k/]sf] dflgg] 5}g .-!*_ ljb]zdf cWoog ug{ hfg] ljBfyL{nfO{ lzIf0fz'Ns afkt ljb]zL d'b|fsf] ;6xL ;'ljwf lbFbf To:tf] ;6xL/sddf Ps k|ltzt lzIff ;]jf z'Ns nufOg] / c;'n pk/ul/g] 5 .-!(_ pkbkmf -!^_ adf]lhd ljb]zL d'b|fsf] ;6xL ;'ljwfpknAw u/fpg] a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] lzIff ;]jf z'Ns afkt;+sng u/]sf] /sd csf]{ dlxgfsf] kRrL; ut]leq /fh:jvftfdf hDdf u/L ;f]sf] ljj/0f ;lxtsf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwtcfGtl/s /fh:j sfof{nodf k7fpg' kg]{5 .-@)_ lzIff ;]jf z'Ns ;+sng ;DaGwL cGo sfo{ljlwcfGtl/s /fh:j ljefun] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 .6


-@!_ lzIff ;]jf z'Nssf] k|zf;g cfGtl/s /fh:jljefu / ;f] ljefu cGtu{tsf sfof{noaf6 x'g]5 . To:tf]sfof{no gePsf] lhNnfdf ;f] ljefun] tf]s]sf] k|lqmof adf]lhdsf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{non] lzIff ;]jf z'Nssf] k|zf;gug]{5 .-@@_ k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklglhNnf lzIff sfof{no jf cGo ;/sf/L lgsfon] lzIf0f;+:yfnfO{ h'g;'s} lsl;dsf] ;]jf, ;'ljwf jf l;kmfl/; pknAwu/fpFbf To:tf] lzIf0f ;+:yfn] ;fljsdf af‘sL /x]sf] aSof}tflzIff ;]jf s/ tyf lzIff ;]jf z'Ns a'emfPsf] k|df0f k]zu/]kl5 dfq ;f] ;]jf ;'ljwf jf l;kmfl/; pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .(= ;8s lgdf{0f tyf ;Def/ b:t'/ / ;jf/L ;fwg s/ M cfly{sjif{ @)&@÷)&# df cg';"rL–# adf]lhd ;8s lgdf{0f tyf;Def/ b:t'/ / ;jf/L ;fwg s/ nufOg] / c;'n pk/ ul/g]5 .!)= ;8s dd{t tyf ;'wf/ b:t'/ M cfly{s jif{ @)&@÷)&# df;8s dd{t tyf ;'wf/ ug{ ljb]zaf6 g]kfndf k}7f/L x'g]k]6«f]ndf k|lt ln6/ rf/ ?k}ofF / l8h]ndf k|lt ln6/ b'O{ ?k}ofF;8s dd{t tyf ;'wf/ b:t'/ eG;f/ laGb'd} nufOg] / c;'npk/ ul/g] 5 .!!= 3/hUuf /lhi6«]zg b:t'/, ;]jf z'Ns / /f]Ssf b:t'/ M cfly{sjif{ @)&@÷)&# df cg';"rL–$ adf]lhd 3/hUuf /lhi6«]zgb:t'/, ;]jf z'Ns / /f]Ssf b:t'/ nufOg] / c;'n pk/ ul/g] 5 .!@=rnlrq ljsf; z'Ns M cfly{s jif{ @)&@÷)&# df cg';"rL–%adf]lhd rnlrq ljsf; z'Ns nufOg] / c;'n pk/ ul/g] 5 .!#= k|b'if0f lgoGq0f z'Ns M -!_ cfly{s jif{ @)&@÷)&# df g]kfnleqlaqmL ljt/0f x'g] k]6«f]n tyf l8h]ndf k|lt ln6/ krf; k};fsfb/n] k|b'if0f lgoGq0f z'Ns nufOg] / c;'n pk/ ul/g] 5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] z'Ns g]kfn cfon lgudn]c;'n u/L k|To]s dlxgfsf] z'Ns csf]{ dlxgfsf] kRrL; ut]leq/fh:j vftfdf bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] cjlwleq bflvnf gu/]dfjflif{s kGw| k|ltzt Jofh ;lxt c;'n pk/ ul/g] 5 .7


-#_ o; bkmf adf]lhdsf] k|b'if0f lgoGq0f z'Nssf]k|zf;g cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefun] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 .!$= 6]lnkmf]g :jfldTj z'Ns M -!_ cfly{s jif{ @)&@÷)&# df6]lnkmf]g h8fg ug]{ u|fxsaf6 6]lnkmf]g :jfldTj z'Ns afktPs xhf/ ?k}ofF c;'n pk/ ul/g]5 . 6]lnkmf]gsf] :jfldTjkl/jt{g ePsf] cj:yfdf 6]lnkmf]gsf] :jfldTj k|fKt ug]{JolQmaf6 ;d]t To:tf] z'Ns c;'n pk/ ul/g]5 .t/ clu|d e'QmfgL x'g] -lk|–k]8_ df]jfOn 6]lnkmf]gsf]xsdf k|To]s l;dsf8{ / l/rfh{ sf8{sf] d"Nodf b'O{ k|ltztsfb/n] 6]lnkmf]g :jfldTj z'Ns nfUg]5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] z'Ns b"/;~rf/ ;]jfpknAw u/fpg] lgsfon] c;'n u/L k|To]s dlxgfsf] z'Ns csf]{dlxgfsf] kRrL; ut]leq /fh:j vftfdf bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f]cjlwleq bflvnf gu/]df ;DalGwt lgsfoaf6 jflif{s kGw|k|ltzt Jofh ;lxt c;'n pk/ ul/g]5 .-#_ o; bkmf adf]lhdsf] 6]lnkmf]g :jfldTj z'Nssf]k|zf;g cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefun] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 .!%= b"/;~rf/ ;]jf b:t'/ M -!_ cfly{s jif{ @)&@÷)&# df b"/;~rf/;]jf pknAw u/fpg] lgsfon] u|fxsaf6 lng] dx;'nsf] P3f/k|ltzt /sd b"/;~rf/ ;]jf b:t'/ afkt c;'n pk/ ul/g]5 .u|fxsaf6 c;'n pk/ ul/g] o:tf] b:t'/ /sd b"/;~rf/ ;]jfpknAw u/fpg] lgsfon] d"No clej[l4 s/ ;lxt bflvnf ug'{kg]{5 .t/ O06/g]6 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf -le=cf]=cfO{=lk=_ afx]ssf]O06/g]6 ;]jf tyf k]h/ ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ To:tf] b:t'/ nfUg]5}g .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklgb"/;~rf/ ;]jf pknAw u/fpg] cg'dlt k|fKt lgsfox¿aLrPsn] csf]{sf] g]6js{ k|of]u u/] afkt ltg'{kg]{ z'Ns -OG6/sg]S;g rfh{_ df To:tf] b:t'/ nfUg] 5}g .-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] b:t'/ b"/;~rf/ ;]jfpknAw u/fpg] cg'dlt k|fKt JolQm jf lgsfon] c;'n u/Lk|To]s dlxgfsf] z'Ns csf]{ dlxgfsf] kRrL; ut]leq d"Noclej[l4 s/ ;lxt /fh:j vftfdf bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 .8


-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ b:t'/Dofbleq ga'emfPdf To:tf] afFsL /sddf dfl;s kfFr k|ltztsfb/n] yk b:t'/ nfUg]5 .-%_ b"/;~rf/ ;]jf b:t'/sf] k|zf;g cfGtl/s /fh:jljefun] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 .!^=Sofl;gf] /f]oN6L M -!_ cfly{s jif{ @)&@÷)&# df g]kfndf /x]sfSofl;gf] ;~rfng ug{ Ohfhtkq k|fKt JolQm tyf lgsfon]Sofl;gf] ;~rfng u/] jfkt jflif{s tLg s/f]8 ?k}ofF /f]oN6Lltg'{ kg]{5 .t/, cfw'lgs d]lzg jf pks/0fsf] dfWodaf6 dfqv]nfOg] v]nsf] nflu jflif{s b'O{ s/f]8 ?k}ofF /f]oN6L ltg'{kg]{5 .-@_ Sofl;gf] ;~rfng ug{ Ohfhtkq k|fKt JolQm jflgsfon] pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu Pp6f Ohfhtkqaf6Sofl;gf]sf] xsdf Ps :yfgdf / cfw'lgs d]lzg jf pks/0fsf]dfWodaf6 dfq v]nfOg] v]nsf] nflu a9Ldf rf/ :yfgdf dfqTo:tf] v]n ;~rfng ug{ kfpg]5 .-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] /f]oN6L afktsf] /sd;DalGwt Sofl;gf] ;~rfng ug{ Ohfhtkq k|fKt JolQm jflgsfon] cfly{s jif{ k|f/De ePsf] ldltn] b'O{ dlxgfleq ;+:s[lt,ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqfnodf a'emfpg' kg]{5 .-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] cjlwleq /f]oN6Lga'emfpg] JolQm jf lgsfonfO{ ;f] /f]oN6L /sdsf] aflif{s kGw|k|ltztsf b/n] z'Ns / ;f] Dofb gf3]sf] ldltn] tLg dlxgf;DdTo:tf] /sd ga'emfPdf jflif{s kGw| k|ltztsf b/n] yk z'Ns;d]t nufO{ /f]oN6L /sd c;'n pk/ ul/g]5 .-%_ o; bkmf adf]lhdsf] Sofl;gf] /f]oN6Lsf] lgodg /k|zf;g ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ sfo{ ;+:s[lt, ko{6g tyf gful/sp8\8og dGqfnoaf6 x'g]5 .-^_ cfly{s jif{ @)&)÷)&! sf] nflu Sofl;gf];~rfng ug{ Ohfhtkq k|fKt u/]sf t/ ljljw sf/0fn]Sofl;gf] aGb eO{ ;f] cfly{s jif{leq k"0f{?kdf Sofl;gf];~rfng ug{ g;sL /f]oN6L ga'emfPsf JolQm jf lgsfon]To:tf] cfly{s jif{df a'emfpg' kg]{ /f]oN6L, z'Ns / yk z'Nssf]xsdf b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M–9


-s_ @)&) ;fn c;f]h d;fGtleq ;+:s[lt, ko{6gtyf gful/s p8\8og dGqfnodf lnlvt ?kdflgj]bg btf{ u/fO{ sf/f]af/ aGb u/]sf Sofl;gf]n]jflif{s ?kdf a'emfpg' kg]{ Sofl;gf] /f]oN6L/sdsf] kRrL; k|ltzt /f]oN6L /sd / ;f]dfnfu]sf] z'Ns / yk z'Nssf] krf; k|ltzt /sd@)&@ kf}if d;fGtleq a'emfPdf af‘sL /f]oN6L/sd / To;df nfu]sf] z'Ns / yk z'Ns ldGxfx'g]5 .-v_ ;+:s[lt, ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqfnoaf6lnlvt ?kdf ;"rgf hf/L u/L @)&! j}zfv b]lvaGb u/fOPsf Sofl;gf]n] jflif{s ?kdf a'emfpg'kg]{ Sofl;gf] /f]oN6L /sdsf] krxQ/ k|ltzt/f]oN6L /sd / ;f]df nfu]sf] z'Ns / yk z'Nssf]krf; k|ltztn] x'g] /sd @)&@ kf}if d;fGtleqa'emfPdf afFsL /f]oN6L /sd, To;df nfu]sf] z'Ns/ yk z'Ns ldGxf x'g]5 .!&=jg k}bfjf/ z'Ns M -!_ cfly{s jif{ @)&@÷)&# df g]kfn;/sf/åf/f ;fd'bflos jgsf] ?kdf x:tfGt/0f ul/Psf /fli6«ojg dWo] pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] sfg"g adf]lhd sfo{of]hgf agfO{lgsflnPsf] ;fn / vo/sf sf7 pkef]Qmf ;d"x aflx/ Jofkfl/sk|of]hgsf nflu laqmL u/]df To;/L laqmL u/L k|fKt ePsf]/sddWo] kGw| k|ltzt /sd jg k}bfjf/ z'Ns afkt g]kfn;/sf/sf] ;l~rt sf]ifdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd pkef]Qmf ;d"x aflx/Jofkfl/s k|of]hgsf] nflu sf7 laqmL u/L pkef]Qmf ;d"xn] k|fKtu/]sf] /sd ;fd'bflos jgsf] ;+/If0f, ;+aw{g, jftfj/0f ;+/If0f/ :yfgLo ljsf;;Fu ;DalGwt sfo{df vr{ ug'{ kg]{5 .-#_ jg k}bfjf/ z'Ns ;DjGwL sfo{ljlw cy{ dGqfnosf];xdltdf jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfnon] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhdx'g]5 .-$_ o; bkmf adf]lhdsf] jg k}bfjf/ z'Nssf] k|zf;gjg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfnoaf6 x'g]5 .!*= b/ 36fpg, a9fpg jf 5'6 lbg ;Sg] M -!_ k|rlnt sfg"gdfh'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfjZostf10


cg';f/ of] P]g / cGo sfg"g adf]lhd nufOPsf b:t'/, z'Ns,dx;'n / s/sf] b/ 36fpg, a9fpg jf To:tf] b:t'/, z'Ns,dx;'n / s/ cf+lzs jf k"0f{ ?kdf 5'6 lbg ;Sg]5 . To:tf] b/36fOPsf], a9fOPsf] jf 5'6 lbOPsf] ;"rgf g]kfn /fhkqdfk|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s/sf] b/ 36fOPsf], a9fOPsf]jf s'g} b:t'/ z'Ns, dx;'n / s/ cf+lzs jf k"0f{ ?kdf 5'6lbOPsf] ljj/0f k|To]s jif{ cy{ dGqfnon] Joj:yflksf–;+;bdfk]z ug'{ kg]{5 .-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lbOPsf] k"0f{ jf cf+lzs s/5'6 ;'ljwfsf] s;}n] b'?kof]u u/]df jf s'g} vf; k|of]hgsf]nflu 5'6 ;'ljwfdf k|fKt u/]sf] dfnj:t' cGo k|of]hgdf k|of]uu/]df To;/L 5'6 lbOPsf] b:t'/, z'Ns, dx;'n / s/ /sdc;'n pk/ u/L ;f] /sd a/fa/ hl/afgf ul/g]5 .!(= k|lqmof ;/nLs/0f jf afwf c8\sfp k'ms'jf ug{ ;Sg] M cfos/P]g, @)%*, d"No clej[l4 s/ P]g, @)%@, cGtMz'Ns P]g,@)%*, eG;f/ P]g, @)^$ tyf o; P]gsf] sfof{Gjogsf] qmddfx8\tfn, b}jL k|sf]k, k|fs[lts ljklQsf] sf/0fn] plNnlvt P]gn]k|bfg u/]sf] s'g} ;'ljwf pkef]u ug{ gkfpg] cj:yf l;h{gfePdf, s'g} hl6ntf b]lvPdf jf plNnlvt P]g tyf o; P]gsf]sfof{Gjogdf s'g} afwf c8\sfp kg{ uPdf cy{ dGqfnon]cfjZostf cg';f/ cjlw yk ug{, k|lqmof ;/nLs/0f ug{ jfsfof{Gjogdf b]lvPsf] afwf c8\sfp k'ms'jf ug{ ;Sg]5 .@)=z'Ns tyf Jofh ldGxf x'g] M -!_ lrlsT;s, snfsf/, kqsf/,v]nf8L, OlGhlgo/, sfg"g Joj;foL, n]vfk/LIfs, k/fdz{ ;]jfk|bfos, ;]jflgj[Q, jxfnjfnf jf ;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f u/]sfkbflwsf/L, sd{rf/L, lzIfs, k|fWofks nufotsf k|fs[ltsJolQmn] cfo jif{ @)^*÷)^(, @)^(÷)&) / @)&)÷)&! sf]cfo ljj/0f / ;f] cg';f/ nfUg] s/ @)&@ ;fn kf}ifd;fGt;Dd bflvnf u/]df ;f]df nfUg] z'Ns tyf Aofh ;d]tldGxf x'g]5 . ;fy} ;f]eGbf cl3sf jif{x?sf] cfo ljj/0f k]z ug'{kg]{ 5}g .@!= k"j{ cg'dflgt s/ ljj/0f k]z ug]{ s/bftfsf] nflu ljz]ifJoj:yf M e"sDkaf6 k"0f{ ?kdf Joj;fo Wj:t eO{ /fxt k|fKt11


u/]sf / lhNnf b}jL k|sf]k p4f/ ;ldltaf6 k|dfl0ft ePsf k"j{cg'dflgt cfo ljj/0f a'emfpg] ;fgf s/bftfn] To:tf] k|df0f;lxt cfo ljj/0f a'emfPdf cfly{s jif{ @)&!.&@ df nfu]sf]cfos/ / 3/ axfn s/ ldGxf x'g]5 . ;fy} To:tf s/bftfsf]cfly{s jif{ @)&@.&# sf] nflu cGtMz'Ns Ohfht gjLs/0fb:t'/ nfUg] ePdf ;f] ;d]t ldGxf x'g]5 .@@=@#=@$=aSof}tf s/ ldGxf ;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf M cfos/ P]g, @)#!adf]lhdsf] cfos/ / d"No clea[l4 s/ P]g, @)%@ n]k|lt:yfkg u/]sf xf]6]n s/, dgf]/~hg s/, 7]Ssf s/ /laqmLs/ P]g adf]lhd @)^) ;fn c;f/ d;fGt;Dd nutsfod eO{ c;'n pk/ x'g g;s]sf aSof}tf s/dWo] k|lt nutaL; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Ddsf] aSof}tf s/ / ;f]df nfu]sf] Aofh ldGxful/Psf] 5 .qm;/ pBf]usf] Ohfht ;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf M pBf]u btf{ u/Lljutdf ljleGg sf/0fn] ;~rfng x'g g;sL cGtMz'NsOhfhtkq glnPsf jf Ohfhtkq gjLs/0f gu/]sf qm;/pBf]un] cfly{s jif{ @)&@.&# sf] nflu @)&@ ;fn c;f]hd;fGtleq cGtMz'Ns Ohfhtkq lnO{ sf/f]af/ ;~rfng u/]df;f]eGbf cl3 nfu]sf] Ohfht b:t'/, ljnDa b:t'/, hl/jfgf /Aofh ldGxf x'g]5 .;fgf hnljB't cfof]hgfx?sf] d"No clea[l4 s/ lkmtf{ ;DaGwLJoj:yf M -!_ z"Go b/sf] ;'ljwf kfpg' kg]{ gfkmf gsdfpg]p2]Zo ePsf ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t pkef]Qmf ;ldltaf6 lgdf{0ftyf ;~rfng ePsf jf xfn;Dd z"Gob/sf] ;'ljwf glnPsf;fgf hnljB't cfof]hgf -7]Ssf ;Demf}tfaf6 sfo{ ;Dkfbgu/fPsf cfof]hgfx? ;d]t_ nfO{ tL cfof]hgfn] e'QmfgL u/]sf]d"No clej[l4 s/ j}slNks phf{ k|a4{g s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t x'g]sf]xsdf ;f] s]Gb|sf] / cGo ;fgf hn ljB't cfof]hgfsf] xsdfljB't ljsf; ljefusf] l;kmfl/;df cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefun]tf]s]sf] k|lqmof adf]lhd lkmtf{ lbOg]5 .-@_ s/ lkmtf{ bfjL ;DaGwdf d"No clej[l4 s/ P]g,@)%@ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg @)&@ ;fn kf}ifd;fGtleq s/ lkmtf{ bfjL u/]df pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd d"Noclej[l4 s/ lkmtf{ lbOg]5 .12


@%=@^=;fdflhs ;'/Iff sf]if ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ cfos/ P]g, @)%*sf] cg';"rL–! sf] bkmf ! adf]lhd Psn k|fs[lts JolQmsf]jflif{s b'O{ nfv krf; xhf/ ?k}of;Dd /f]huf/Lsf] cfo ePdf;f] cfodf Ps k|ltztsf b/n] / bDkQLsf] xsdf jflif{s tLgnfv ?k}of;Dd /f]huf/L cfo ePdf Ps k|ltztsf b/n] s/nfUg]5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s/ /sd e'QmfgLsf avt;|f]tdf s§L u/L c;'n ul/g]5 .-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd c;'n ul/Psf] /sd 5'§}/fh:j vftfdf hDdf ul/g]5 .-$_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklglgj[Qe/0f afktsf] cfodf o; bkmf adf]lhdsf] s/ nfUg]5}g ./fh:j r'xfj6 -cg';Gwfg tyf lgoGq0f_ P]g, @)%@ df;+zf]wg M /fh:j r'xfj6 -cg';Gwfg tyf lgoGq0f_ P]g, @)%@sf],–-!_ bkmf @ sf], –-s_ v08 -s_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08 -s_ /flvPsf]5 M–æ-s_ æ/fh:jÆ eGgfn] sfg"g adf]lhd g]kfn;/sf/nfO{ ltg'{ jf a'emfpg' kg]{ eG;f/dx;'n, cGtMz'Ns, cfos/, d"Noclej[l4 s/, ;jf/L ;fwg s/, 3/hUufaxfn s/, ;DklQ s/ jf 3/hUuf/lhi6«]zg b:t'/ ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn]k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd nfUg] cGo s/tyf u}/s/ /fh:jnfO{ ;d]t hgfpF5 .Æ-v_ v08 -s_ kl5 b]xfosf] v08 -s!_ ylkPsf]5 M–æ-s!_ æu}/ s/Æ eGgfn] sfg"g adf]lhdnfUg] b:t'/, ;]jf z'Ns, /f]oN6L,nfef+z, ;fFjf, Aofh ;d]tsf] /sd;Demg' k5{ .Æ-u_ v08 -ª_ kl5 b]xfosf] v08 -ª!_ ylkPsf]5 M–13


æ-ª!_ ædGqfnoÆ eGgfn] g]kfn ;/sf/,cy{ dGqfno ;Demg' k5{ .Æ-3_ v08 -5_ kl5 b]xfosf v08 -5!_, -5@_, /-5#_ ylkPsf 5g\ M–æ-5!_ ælauf]Æ eGgfn] cfos/, d"Noclej[l4 s/, cGtMz'Ns, 3/ axfns/ / sfg"g adf]lhd nfUg] cGos/, z'Ns tyf Aofh ;d]tsf]/sd ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn]eG;f/ rf]/L k}7f/L ePsf] jf x'gnfu]sf] dfnj:t'sf] yf]s ahf/d"No jf dfnj:t' k]mnf gk/Lsfuh dfq k]mnf k/]sf]df To:tf]dfnj:t' k}7f/L ubf{ eG;f/laGb'df eG;f/ k|of]hgsf] nflusfod x'g] d"No / ;f]df nfUg]eG;f/ dx;'nnfO{ ;d]t hgfpF5 .-5@_ æ9'jfgLsf ;fwgÆ eGgfn]ofq'jfxs ;jf/L ;fwg afx]ssfdfn;fdfg cf];f/k;f/ ug]{sfddf k|of]u x'g] n/L, 6«s, ldgL6«s, sG6]g/, a'n]6, 6\ofÍ/,lksck, Eofg, 6«ofS6/ h:tf9'jfgLsf ;fwg ;Demg' k5{ .-5#_ æsDKo"6/ ;"rgf k|0ffnLÆ eGgfn]ljefun] sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg]sDKo"6/ ;"rgf k|0ffnL ;Demg' k5{/ ;f] zAbn] j]edf cfwfl/tcgnfOg 9'jfgL ;fwg cg'udgk|0ffnLnfO{ ;d]t hgfp‘5 .Æ-@_ bkmf $ sf], –-s_v08 -r_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08 -r_ /flvPsf]5 M–æ-r_ /fh:j a'emfpg' kg]{ sfof{nosf]sd{rf/L;Fu ldnf]dtf] u/L jf gu/Lg]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd ltg'{a'emfpg' kg]{ /fh:j /sddf x]/k]m/ jf14


kl/jt{g u/]df jf /fh:j a'emfPsf] b]lvg]unt lnvt tyf sfuhft tof/ u/]dfjf k]z u/]df .Æ-v_ v08 -r_ kl5 b]xfosf] v08 -5_ ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-5_ /fh:j a'emfpg] k|of]hgsf] nflu 3f]if0fful/g' kg]{ jf b]vfpg' kg]{ s'g} cfo, 3/hUuf jf cGo ;DklQ jf ;fdfgsf] d"No36L jf a9L x'g] u/L lx;fj jf sfuhfttof/ u/L k]z u/]df .Æ-#_ bkmf & kl5 b]xfosf] bkmf &s= ylkPsf] 5 M–æ&s= cfsl:ds hfFr k/LIf0f ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ s;}n]/fh:j r'xfj6 u/]sf] dflgg] s'g} sfo{ u/]sf] 5eGg] ljZjf; nfUg] dgfl;j sf/0f ePdfdxflgb]{zs jf lghn] v6fPsf] s'g} sd{rf/Ln]cfsl:ds ?kdf h'g;'s} JolQm, ofq', dfn;fdfgcf];f/k;f/ ug]{ oftfoftsf ;fwg, s'g} 3/, k;n,uf]bfd nufotsf :yfgdf k|j]z ug{, oftfoftsf;fwgnfO{ /f]sL cfjZos sfuhft dfu ug{ jftnf;L lng jf s'g} ejg, uf]bfd, k;n,sf/f]af/:yn, hUuf / :yfg ljz]ifdf pkl:yt eO{vfgtnf;L lng, l;naGbL ug{ jf s'g} dfnj:t' jfsfuhft lgoGq0fdf lng ;Sg]5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s'g} :yfgdfvfgtnf;L lnFbf jf cfsl:ds hfFr ug'{kbf{;DalGwt JolQmnfO{ vfgtnf;L lng' jf hfFr ug'{k/]sf] sf/0f v'nfO{ lnlvt hgfp lbg' kg]{5 .Æ-$_ bkmf * df b]xfosf] k|ltaGwfTds jfSof+z ylkPsf] 5 M–æt/ ;f] cjlwleq cg';Gwfg tyf txlssftsf]sfd ;DkGg gePdf dxflgb]{zsn] cfjZostf cg';f/Ps}k6s jf k6s k6s u/L tL; lbg;Dd cg';Gwfg tyftxlssftsf] nflu Dofb yk ug{ ;Sg]5 .Æ-%_ bkmf ( sf] pkbkmf -&_ kl5 b]xfosf pkbkmf -*_ / -(_ylkPsf 5g\ M–æ-*_ cg';Gwfg tyf txlssftsf] qmddf /x]sf]s'g} JolQm sf/afxLaf6 efUg] p2]Zon] ljb]z hfg ;Sg];Defjgf /x]sf] ljZjf; x'g] kof{Kt sf/0f ePdf ljefun]lghnfO{ ljb]z hfgaf6 /f]s nufpg, o:tf] JolQmsf]15


fxbfgL sAhfdf lng jf /f]Ssf ug{ ;DalGwt lgsfonfO{n]vL k7fpg ;Sg]5 .-(_ o; P]g adf]lhd cg';Gwfg tyftxlssftsf] qmddf /x]sf] JolQmsf] ;DalGwt sfof{no,;+3, ;+:yf jf s'g} a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yf jf ;xsf/L;+:yfdf /x]sf] sf/f]af/sf] ljj/0f jf lwtf]kq ahf/dfePsf] cfly{s sf/f]af/sf] ljj/0f ljefun] cg';Gwfgsf]k|of]hgsf] nflu ;DalGwt ;+:yf, sfof{no jf JolQm;+udfu ug{ ;Sg]5 . To;/L dfu u/]sf] ljj/0f lgwf{l/tDofbleq pknAw u/fpg' ;DjlGwt sfof{no, ;+:yf jfJolQmsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .Æ-^_ bkmf !) sf],–-s_ pkbkmf -!_ df /x]sf æljefusf] s'g} sd{rf/LnfO{ÆeGg] zAbx?sf] ;§f æljefu jf dftxt sfof{nosf]s'g} clws[t sd{rf/LnfO{Æ eGg] zJbx? /flvPsf5g\ .-v_ pkbkmf -@_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -#_ ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-#_ o; P]g adf]lhd sf/jfxL z'? ul/Psf] s'g}s;"/sf] cg';Gwfg tyf txlssft ub}{ hf‘bfk|rlnt cGo sfg"g adf]lhdsf] s;"/ u/]sf]b]lvPdf ljefun] ;f]xL sfg"g adf]lhd sf/jfxLcufl8 j9fpg ;DjlGwt lgsfo jf clVtof/ k|fKtclwsf/L ;dIf n]vL k7fpg ;Sg]5 . Æ-&_ bkmf !! sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -r_ kl5 b]xfosf] v08-5_ ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-5_ /fh:j r'xfj6 ;DaGwL s;"/sf] cg';Gwfgdf /x]sf]JolQm jf ;+:yfsf] rn crn ;DklQ /f]Ssf ug'{ kg]{dgfl;j sf/0f ePdf cg';Gwfg clws[tn] To:tf];DklQ /f]Ssf /fVg ;DalGwt lgsfodf n]vLk7fpg ;Sg]5 .Æ-*_ bkmf !# kl5 b]xfosf bkmf !#s=, !#v= / !#u= ylkPsf5g\ M–æ!#s=;DalGwt lgsfonfO{ n]vL k7fpg ;Sg] M-!_ cg';Gwfg clws[tn] /fh:j r'xfj6 ;DaGwLs;"/sf] cg';Gwfg ubf{ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhdlgwf{/0f ug'{kg]{ cfos/, d"No clej[l4 s/,cGtMz'Ns, eG;f/ dx;'n jf u}/s/ nfk/afxL jf16


x]nr]q\mofOF u/L jf cGo s'g} sf/0faf6 q'6L x'guPsf] kfPdf ;f] s'/f pNn]v u/L ljefu ;dIfk|ltj]bg k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cg';Gwfgclws[tsf] k|ltj]bg k|fKt ePkl5 ljefun] To:tf]s/, cGtMz'Ns, eG;f/ dx;'n jf u}/s/sf]lgwf{/0fdf ePsf] q'6L ;Rofpg ;DalGwt ;+:yf jflgsfodf n]vL k7fpg]5 .-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd q'6L ;Rofpgsf]nflu n]vL cfPdf ;f] adf]lhd q'6L ;Rofpg' To:tf];+:yf jf lgsfosf] st{Jo x'g]5 .!#v= sDKo'6/af6 k|zf]lwt clen]v k|df0fsf] ?kdf lng;Sg] M -!_ k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf]eP tfklg cGoyf k|dfl0ft ePsf]df afx]s ljB'tLodfWodaf6 k|zf]lwt jf ljsf; ul/Psf ljefun]tf]s]sf] clen]vnfO{ k|df0fsf] ?kdf lng ;lsg]5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] clen]vsf] ljj/0ftyf tYofÍ k|fKt ug]{, ljZn]if0f ug]{ jf k|zf]wg ug]{;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .!#u= j]adf cfwfl/t cgnfOg 9'jfgL ;fwg cg'udgk|0ffnL nfu" ug]{ M -!_ sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ ePsf]9'jfgLsf] ;fwgaf6 Ps lhNnfaf6 csf]{ lhNnfdfdfn;fdfg cf];f/k;f/ ug'{ k"j{ 9'jfgL ul/g]dfn;fdfgsf] ljj/0f j]adf cfwfl/t s]Gb|Lo ;"rgfk|0ffnLdf k|lji6L u/]/ dfq cf];f/k;f/ ug'{ kg]{5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf 9'jfgLsf] ;fwgk|of]ustf{n] dfn;fdfg 3f]if0ffsf] d'b|0f k|lt /ljefuaf6 tf]lsPsf sfuhft 9'jfgL cjlwe/cfkm\gf] ;fydf /fVg' kg]{5 .-#_ g]kfnleq btf{ ePsf] jf gofF btf{ x'g]9'jfgLsf] ;fwg wgLn] ljefun] tf]s]sf] dfkb08cg';f/sf] e"–cjl:ylt b]vfpg] rfn' xfntsf] oGq-lhlkP; l8efO;_ sf] l;nl;n]jf/ gDa/ ljefudfbtf{ u/L clgjfo{ ?kdf cfkm\gf] 9'jfgLsf] ;fwgdfh8fg u/L /fVg' kg]{5 .-$_ pkbkmf -#_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg s'g} lsl;dsf] 9'jfgLsf] ;fwg jf s'g}17


:yfgdf rNg] ;fwgdf hLkLP; l8efO; clgjfo{?kdf h8fg ug'{ gkg]{ u/L ljefun] tf]Sg;Sg]5 .-%_ o; bkmf adf]lhdsf] Joj:yf g]kfn;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/Ltf]s]sf] ldltb]lv nfu" x'g]5 .Æ-(_ bkmf @) sf] ;6[f b]xfosf] bkmf @) /flvPsf] 5 M–æ@)= d'2f bfo/ ug'{kg]{ cjlw M -!_ o; P]g adf]lhdsf]s;"/sf] cg';Gwfg tyf txlssft ;dfKt eO{ d'2fbfo/ ug{ ;/sf/L jsLnsf] /fo dfu ePdf;DalGwt ;/sf/L jsLnn] kGw| lbgleq ;f];DaGwdf cfkm\gf] /fo pknJw u/fpg' kg]{5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;/sf/L jlsnn] /fopknJw u/fPsf] ldltn] aL; lbgleq d'2f bfo/ ug'{kg]{5 .Æ-!)_ bkmf @# sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf @# /flvPsf] 5 M–æ@#= ;hfo M -!_ /fh:j r'xfj6sf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{lauf]sf] bf]Aa/;Dd hl/afgf u/L s;"/sf] dfqf x]/LtLg jif{;Dd s}b x'g]5 .-@_ /fh:j r'xfj6sf] s;"/sf] dltof/nfO{d'Vo cleo'QmnfO{ x'g] ;hfosf] cfwf ;hfo x'g]5 .-#_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -v_ adf]lhda'emfpg' kg]{ /fh:j /sddf /fh:j ;DaGwL k|rlntsfg"g adf]lhdsf] Aofh ;d]t nfUg]5 .-$_ bkmf !#u= sf] pkbkmf -!_, -@_ jf-#_ df plNnlvt Joj:yfsf] ljk/Lt sfo{ ug]{;DalGwt 9'jfgL ;fwgsf] wgL jf ;f]sf]k|of]ustf{nfO{ cg';Gwfg clws[tn] k|yd k6ssf]nflu b'O{ xhf/ ?k}of‘ / To;kl5 k6s} lkR5] kfFrxhf/ ?k}ofF hl/jfgf ug]{5 .Æ-!!_ bkmf @^ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf @^ /flvPsf] 5 M–æ@^= ljz]if1 jf sd{rf/LnfO{ sfddf nufpg ;lsg] Mo; P]g cGtu{tsf] cg';Gwfg tyf txlssft;DaGwL sfd sf/afxLsf] ;DaGwdf ljefun]ljz]if1sf] /fo lng jf s'g} ljz]if1 jf cGo18


sd{rf/LnfO{ sfhdf lnO{ jf s/f/df /fvL sfddfnufpg ;Sg]5 .Æ-!@_ bkmf @( sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf @( /flvPsf] 5 M–æ@(= k'/:sf/ lbOg] M -!_ o; P]g cGtu{tsf] s;"/ u/]sf];"rgf lbg] ;'/fsLnfO{ ;f] s;"/ ;DaGwL d'2fsf]clGtd lsgf/f nfu]kl5 c;'n ePsf] ljuf] /sdsf]kGw| k|ltzt jf kGw| nfv ?k}ofFdWo] h'g 36L x'G5;f] a/fa/sf] /sd k'/:sf/ :j?k lbOg]5 .-@_ o; P]g adf]lhd ljefun] u/]sf]cg';Gwfg tyf txlssftaf6 s;}n] cfk"mn] ltg'{a'emfpg' kg]{] /fh:jsf] ;Dk"0f{ jf s]xL c+z 5n]sf]k|dfl0ft eO{ c;'n x'g cfPsf] ljuf] /sdsf] kfFrk|ltzt jf kfFr nfv ?k}ofFdWo] h'g 36L x'G5 ;f]a/fa/sf] /sd cg';Gwfg tyf txlssftdf ;+nUgsd{rf/LnfO{ k'/:sf/ :j?k lbOg]5 .-#_ k'/:sf/ kfpg] JolQm PseGbf a9LePdf k'/:sf/sf] /sd ;dfg'kflts ?kdflbOg]5 .Æ-!#_ bkmf #) kl5 b]xfosf] bkmf #)s= ylkPsf] 5 M–æ#)s= ;'/fsL vr{ lbOg] M -!_ /fh:j r'xfj6sf] ;"rgflbg] ;'/fsLnfO{ ;"rgfsf] ;Totfsf] cfwf/dfljefuåf/f tf]lsPsf] sfo{ljlw adf]lhd tTsfnbz xhf/ ?k}of;Dd ;'/fsL vr{ lbOg]5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;'/fsL vr{lbOPsf] ;'/fsLsf] gfd, y/ / jtg uf]Ko/flvg]5 .-!$_ bkmf #@ kl5 b]xfosf bkmf #@s= / #@v= ylkPsf 5g\ M–æ#@s= sfnf] ;"rLdf /fVg] M -!_ o; P]g adf]lhd /fh:jc;'nLsf] nflu cg';Gwfg tyf txlssft eO{s;"/bf/ 7xl/Psf] JolQm jf lgsfonfO{ ljefun]tf]lsPsf] k|lqmof k"/f u/L sfnf] ;"rLdf /fVgn]vL k7fpg ;Sg]5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd n]vL cfPdf;DalGwt lgsfon] To:tf] JolQm jf lgsfonfO{k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd sfnf] ;"rLdf /fVg'kg]{5 .19


#@v= c;'n pk/ ug]{ M o; P]g adf]lhd g]kfn;/sf/nfO{ a'emfpg' kg]{ /fh:j ;/sf/L afFsL ;/xc;'n pk/ ul/g] 5 .Æ-!%_ bkmf #& kl5 b]xfosf] bkmf #&s= ylkPsf] 5 M–æ#&s= /fh:j k|x/Lsf] ?kdf v6fpg ;Sg] M -!_ bkmf #&df pNn]v eP adf]lhd /fh:j k|x/Lsf] 5'§} Joj:yfgeP;Ddsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] ljefu cGtu{t/xg] u/L cfjZostf cg';f/ ;z:q k|x/L ansfclws[t tyf hjfgnfO{ /fh:j k|x/Lsf] ?kdf sfdug{ v6fpg ;Sg]5 .-@_ /fh:j k|x/Ln] dxflgb]{zssf] k|ToIfdftxt / lgoGq0fdf /xL sfd ug'{ kg]{5 .-#_ s;}n] /fh:j r'xfj6 u/]sf] jf ug{nfu]sf] dgfl;j sf/0f ePdf dxflgb]{zs jf;DalGwt cg';Gwfg clws[tsf] cfb]zdf /fh:jk|x/Ln] To:tf] sfo{ ug{af6 lghnfO{ /f]Sg' kg]{5 .-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd /f]Sg vf]Hbflghn] x'nx'Hht jf hf]/h'n'd u/]df /fh:j k|x/Ln]lghnfO{ To;f] gug{ ;Demfpg' a'emfpg' kg]{5 .-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd ;DemfpFbfa'emfpFbf klg lghn] x'nx'Hht jf hf]/h'n'd u/]df/fh:j k|x/Ln] lghnfO{ kqmfp ug{ ;Sg]5 .-^_ pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhd kqmfp ug{ vf]Hbflghn] hf]/h'n'd u/]df jf efUg pDsg vf]h]df jftTsfn kqmfp ug{ g;lsg] cj:yf ePdf cfˆgf]/Iff / st{Josf] kfngfsf] lglDt dxflgb]{zs jf;DalGwt cg';Gwfg clws[tsf] cfb]zn]36gf:yndf vl6Psf /fh:j k|x/Ln] To:tf] 36gf/f]Sg klxn] xjfO{ kmfo/ ug{ / To;f] ubf{ klgl:ylt lgoGq0f geP jf x'nx'Hht ug]{ JolQm;Fu;d]t xltof/ ePdf sd Iflt x'g] u/L uf]nL ;d]trnfpg ;Sg]5 .-&_ s'g} 9'jfgL jf ;jf/L ;fwgaf6 /fh:j5lnPsf] dfnj:t' 9'jfgL ub}{ u/]sf] z+sf ePdf/fh:j k|x/Ln] To:tf] ;jf/L ;fwg ;d]t /f]Sg jf/f]Sg nufpg cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 . To:tf] cfb]z20


gdfgL x'nx'Hht jf hf]/h'n'd u/L To:tf] ;jf/L;fwg gh‘rfO{ eufpg] k|oTg u/]df jf eufPdfdxflgb]{zs jf ;DalGwt cg';Gwfg clws[tsf]cfb]z lnO{ /fh:j k|x/Ln] To:tf] ;jf/L ;fwgsf]kfª\u|fdf sd Iflt x'g] u/L uf]nL rnfpg ;Sg]5 .-*_ pkbkmf -^_ jf -&_ adf]lhd uf]nLrnfpg' k/]sf] cj:yfdf ;f] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L l56f];fwgåf/f cg';Gwfg clws[tn] cfb]z lbPsf]dfdxflgb]{zs tyf ;DalGwt lhNnfsf] k|d'v lhNnfclwsf/LnfO{ / dxflgb]{zsn] cfb]z lbPsf]df;DalGwt lhNnfsf] k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L tyf cy{dGqfnosf] ;lrjnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .Æ@&= d"No clej[l4 s/ P]g, @)%@ df ;+zf]wg M d"No clej[l4 s/P]g, @)%@ sf],–-!_bkmf @ sf],–-s_-v_-u_-3_v08 -3_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08 -3_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-3_ æs/ nfUg] d"NoÆ eGgfn] s'g} j:t' jf;]jfsf] ;DaGwdf bkmf !@ / !@s=adf]lhd sfod ul/g] d"No ;Demg'k5{ .Æv08 -5_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08 -5_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-5_ æcfk"lt{Æ eGgfn] k|ltkmn lnO{ jf glnO{s'g} j:t' jf ;]jf laqmL, ljlgdo,x:tfGt/0f ug]{ sfo{ jf tt\;DaGwLcg'dlt lbg] jf 7]Ssf k§f ug]{ sfo{;Demg' k5{ .Æv08 -h_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08 -h_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-h_ æk|ltkmnÆ eGgfn] j:t' jf ;]jfsf]cfk"lt{ ubf{ ;f]sf] d"No afkt k|fKt x'g]s'g} klg s'/f ;Demg' k5{ .Æv08 -`_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08 -`_/flvPsf] 5 M–21


-ª_-r_-5_æ-h_ ælgof{tÆ eGgfn] k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhdj:t' jf ;]jf g]kfn aflx/ jf lgof{t u[xjf ljz]if cfly{s If]qdf lgof{t ug]{ sfo{;Demg' k5{ .Æv08 -6_ kl5 b]xfosf] v08 -6!_ ylkPsf]5 M–æ-6!_ æljB'tLo dfWodÆ eGgfn] sDKo"6/,OG6/g]6, O–d]n, ˆofS;, ljB'tLo Sof;d]lzg -On]S6«f]lgs Sof; /lhi6/_,lkm:sn lk|G6/ h:tf dfWod ;Demg' k5{/ ;f] zAbn] ljefun] tf]s]sf] To:t}k|s[ltsf cGo dfWod ;d]tnfO{hgfp‘5 .Æv08 -7_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08 -7_ /flvPsf]5 M–æ-7_ æJolQmÆ eGgfn] k|fs[lts JolQm, kmd{,sDkgL, ;+3, ;+:yf, ;fem]bf/L ;+:yf,;xsf/L, ;+o'Qm Joj;fo, u'7L jf sf]if;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] gfkmfsf] p2]ZolnO{ jf glnO{ s/ nfUg] sf/f]af/df;+nUg /x]sf] ;/sf/L lgsfo, wfld{s;+u7g, k/f]ksf/L ;+:yf jf To:t} cGolgsfo / ltgsf zfvf jf pkzfvfnfO{;d]t hgfpF5 .Æv08 -8_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08 -8_ /flvPsf]5 M–æ-8_ æbtf{ ePsf] JolQmÆ eGgfn] bkmf !) /bkmf !)s= adf]lhd sf/f]af/ ug{ btf{ePsf] JolQm ;Demg' k5{ .Æ-h_ v08 -y_ / -b_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08 -y_ /-b_ /flvPsf 5g\ M–æ-y_ æs/bftfÆ eGgfn] o; P]g adf]lhd s/nfUg] sf/f]af/df ;+nUg ePsf] JolQm jfs/ a'emfpg' kg]{ bfloTj ePsf] JolQm;Demg' k5{ .22


-em_-b_ æljefuÆ eGgfn] cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefu;Demg' k5{ .Æv08 -g_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08 -g_ /flvPsf]5 M–æ-g_ æs/ clws[tÆ eGgfn] g]kfn ;/sf/n]lgo'Qm u/]sf] s/ clws[t jf k|d'v s/clws[t jf k|d'v s/ k|zf;s ;Demg'k5{ / ;f] zAbn] ljefusf zfvfclws[t, lgb]{zs, pk–dxflgb]{zs jfo; P]g adf]lhd s/ clws[tsf] clwsf/k|of]u ug{ kfpg] u/L g]kfn ;/sf/n]tf]s]sf] cGo s'g} clws[tnfO{ ;d]thgfpF5 .Æ-@_ bkmf $ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf $ /flvPsf] 5 M–æ$= s/ clws[tsf] clwsf/ If]q M -!_ s/ clws[tsf]clwsf/If]q g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 .-@_ s/ clws[tnfO{ cfˆgf] sfo{If]q afx]ssfcGo If]qsf s/bftfsf] sf/f]af/ lg/LIf0f / cg'udgtyf s/ lgwf{/0f ug]{ u/L dxflgb]{zsn] tf]Sg;Sg]5 .Æ-#_ bkmf %s= sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf %s= /flvPsf] 5 M–æ%s= sf/f]af/sf] :jfldTjsf] x:tfGt/0fdf s/ gnfUg] M-!_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg btf{ ePsf] JolQmn] cfk"mn] ub}{ cfPsf]sf/f]af/ cGo s'g} btf{ ePsf] JolQmnfO{ laqmLu/]df jf lghsf] d[To' eO{ xsjfnfsf] gfddfsf/f]af/ x:tfGt/0f ePdf To;/L x'g] :jfldTjsf]x:tfGt/0fdf s/ nfUg] 5}g . To;/L sf/f]af/ laqmLjf x:tfGt/0f ubf{ btf{ ePsf] JolQm jf x:tfGt/0fu/L lng] JolQmn] ;f] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L tf]lsPadf]lhd ljefunfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ x'g'kg]{ jf ePsf] s'g}pBf]u jf Joj;fosf] x:tfGt/0f ePdf :jfldTj23


-$_-%_-^_k|fKt ug]{ JolQmn] sfg"g adf]lhd s/sf] bfloTjJoxf]g'{ kg]{5 .-#_ pkbkmf -@_ sf] cwLgdf /xL :jfldTj k|fKtug]{n] o; P]g adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] cjlw;Dd-x:tfGt/0f x'g' cl3sf]_ To:tf] pBf]u jfJoj;fosf] sf/f]af/sf] n]vf, vftfjxL tyf lx;fjlstfa ;'/lIft /fVg'kg]{ bfloTj jxg ug'{ kg]{5 .Æbkmf %v= sf] k|ltjGwfTds jfSof+zsf] ;§f b]xfosf]k|ltjGwfTds jfSof+z /flvPsf] 5 M–æt/ bkmf ( adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] /sd;Ddsf] dfqsf/f]af/ u/]sf] x'Fbf btf{ x'g' gkg]{ eGg] lhsL/ lng]JolQmn] btf{ ug]{ cfb]z k|fKt ePsf] ldltn] tL;lbgleq ;f] s'/fsf] k|df0f k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .Æbkmf & sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -!_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-!_ o; P]g adf]lhd nfUg] s/sf] b/ t]x|k|ltztsf] Psn b/ x'g]5 .Æbkmf * sf],–-s_ pkbkmf -@_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -@_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-@_ g]kfn aflx/sf] btf{ gePsf] s'g}JolQmaf6 ;]jf k|fKt ug]{ btf{ ePsf] jf btf{gePsf] JolQmn] of] P]g / of] P]g cGtu{t ag]sf]lgod adf]lhd s/ nfUg] d"Nodf e'QmfgLsf jvts/ lgwf{/0f / c;'n pk/ ug'{ kg]{5 .Æ-v_ pkbkmf -@_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -#_ ylkPsf]5 M–æ-#_ Jofj;flos k|of]hgsf] nflu lgdf{0ful/g] krf; nfv ?k}ofFeGbf a9Lsf] ejg jfckf6{d]G6 jf ;lkª sDKn]S; jf ljefun] tf]s]sfo:t} k|sf/sf cGo ;+/rgf btf{ gePsf]JolQmaf6 lgdf{0f u/fPsf] eP tfklg To:tf]lgdf{0f btf{ ePsf] JolQmaf6 u/fP ;/x dfgL s/bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 . To;/L bflvnf gu/]df ;f];+/rgfsf] :jfldTj /x]sf JolQmaf6 s/ lgwf{/0fu/L c;'n pk/ ul/g]5 .24


:ki6Ls/0f M o; pkbkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nfluæJofj;flos k|of]hgÆ eGgfn] ejg, ckf6{d]G6,;lkª sDKn]S; jf ljefun] tf]s]sf cGo o:t};+/rgf lgdf{0f u/L laqmL ug]{ Pj+ To:tf ;+/rgfrfn' jf :yfoL ;DklQsf] ?kdf n]vfÍg u/L cfocfh{gdf pkof]u ug]{ sfo{ ;Demg' k5{ .Æ-&_ bkmf * kl5 b]xfosf] bkmf *s= ylkPsf] 5 M–æ*s= a}Í k|Tofe"ltsf] Joj:yf M -!_ pBf]u ;~rfngePsf] kl5Nnf] afx| dlxgfsf] s'n laqmLsf]rfnL; k|ltzteGbf a9L lgsf;L ug]{ pBf]un]lgsf;L ug]{ kl/df0f hltsf] dfnj:t' pTkfbgug{ cfjZos sRrf kbfy{ k}7f/L ubf{ tyfa08]8 j]o/ xfp; dfk{mt s/d'Qm k;nsf]nflu k}7f/L ug]{ dfn;fdfgdf nfUg] s/afktsf] /sd ;DalGwt eG;f/ sfof{nodf a}Ík|Tofe"lt /fvL k}7f/L ug{ ;Sg]5 .t/ a08]8 j]o/ xfp; dfk{mt s/ d'Qmk;nn] k}7f/L ug]{ afx]s cGo lgsf;Lstf{n]To:tf] ;'ljwf k|fKt ug{ sRrf kbfy{af6 tof/L;fdfg agfO{ lgsf;L ubf{ bz k|ltzt d"Noclej[l4 ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;'ljwflnO{ a08]8 j]o/ xfp; dfk{mt k}7f/L ePsfdlb/f tyf r'/f]6 g]kfn ;/sf/, k//fi6«dGqfnon] l;kmfl/; u/]sf] s'6gLlts tyfdx;'n ;'ljwf k|fKt JolQm jf lgsfonfO{ dfqlaqmL ug'{ kg]{5 .-#_ of] bkmf k|f/De x'Fbfsf avtlqe'jg cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:ynl:yt s/d'Qmk;ndf df}Hbftdf /x]sf dlb/f tyf r'/f]6:jLs[lt k|fKt cfˆg} a08]8 j]o/ xfp;df:yfgfGt/0f ug{ jf nfUg] s/ lt/L laqmL ug{;lsg]5 .-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd /flvPsf] a}Ík|Tofe"lt ljefun] tf]s]sf] k|lqmof adf]lhd;DalGwt eG;f/ sfof{noaf6 k'ms'jf ul/g]5 .Æ25


-*_ bkmf ( sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf ( /flvPsf] 5 M–æ(= ;fgf] sf/f]af/ ug]{ Joj;foLnfO{ 5"6 M o; P]gdfcGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg tf]lsPsf]/sd;Ddsf] jflif{s s/ nfUg] sf/f]af/ ug]{ ;fgfJoj;foLnfO{ btf{ ug{, ljj/0f k]z ug{ / cGok|lqmof k"/f ug{ gkg]{ u/L tf]lsP adf]lhd 5"6lbg ;lsg]5 .t/ d"No clea[l4 s/ nfUg] j:t'sf]sf/f]af/ ug]{ cfos/ P]g, @)%* sf] bkmf $ sf]pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd k"j{ cg'dflgt cfo ljj/0fa'emfpg] s/bftf afx]s ;fgf] sf/f]af/ ug]{Joj;foLn] :j]R5fn] cfˆgf] sf/f]af/ btf{ ug{rfx]df bkmf !) adf]lhdsf] k|lqmof k"/f u/L btf{u/fpg ;Sg]5 .Æ-(_-!)_bkmf !) sf],–-s_pkbkmf -!_ / -@_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf pkbkmf -!_/ -@_ /flvPsf 5g\ M–æ-!_ s'g} sf/f]af/df ;+nUg x'g rfxg]JolQmn] sf/f]af/ z'? ug'{eGbf cl3 sf/f]af/btf{sf] nflu tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf s/ clws[t;dIf b/vf:t lbg' kg]{5 .-@_ s'g} JolQmn] sf/f]af/ u/]sf] j:t'jf ;]jfdf s/ nfUg] ePdf To;/L s/ nfu]sf]jf sf/f]af/ ;~rfng u/]sf] ldltn] tL;lbgleq To:tf] sf/f]af/ btf{sf] nflu tf]lsPsf]9f‘rfdf s/ clws[t ;dIf b/vf:t lbg'kg]{5 .Æ-v_ pkbkmf -$_ df /x]sf] ælgj]bgÆ eGg] zAbsf];§f æb/vf:tÆ eGg] zAb /flvPsf] 5 .bkmf !) kl5 b]xfosf] bkmf !)s= / bkmf !)v=ylkPsf 5g\ M–æ!)s= c:yfoL btf{ ;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf M -!_c:yfoL ?kdf cfof]hgf ug]{ k|bz{gL, d]nf tyfcGo o:t} sf/f]af/sf] xsdf sf/f]af/ z'?x'g'eGbf cufj} cfof]hs tyf ;f] cfof]hgfdfs/ nfUg] j:t' jf ;]jfsf] sf/f]af/ ug]{ d"Noclej[l4 s/df btf{ gePsf Joj;foL tf]lsP26


-!!_adf]lhd d"No clej[l4 s/df c:yfoL ?kdf btf{x'g' kg]{5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd d"No clej[l4s/df btf{ ePsf] Joj;foLn] ;f] sfo{qmddf/fVg] j:t' :6s 6«fG;km/ u/L n}hfg kfpg]5 .-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] sfo{qmdsf]nflu dfq btf{ ePsf] s/bftfn] cfof]hgfu/]sf] k|bz{gL, d]nf ;dfKt ePsf] ;ft lbgleqsf/f]af/sf] ljj/0f k]z u/L nfUg] ;Dk"0f{ s/;d]t bflvnf u/L c:yfoL btf{ vf/]h ug'{kg]{5 .!)v= ;+o'Qm pkqmdsf] btf{ ;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf M-!_ s'g} b'O{ jf ;f]eGbf a9L JolQmn] s'g}lglZrt cjlwsf nflu tf]lsPsf] sfo{ ug{;+o'Qm pkqmd -HjfOG6 e]Gr/_ v8f u/]df d"Noclej[l4 s/df c:yfoL ?kdf btf{ x'g' kg]{5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd btf{ ePsfo:tf ;+o'Qm pkqmdn] pkqmd v8f ubf{ u/]sf];Demf}tfdf tf]lsPsf] cjlw ;dfKt ePkl5 btf{vf/]h ug'{ kg]{5 .Æbkmf !! sf],–-s_ pkbkmf -!_ sf],–-!_ v08 -u_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08 -u_ /flvPsf]5 M–æ-u_ ;fem]bf/ ;+:yf eP To:tf] ;fem]bf/L;+:yf lj36g ePdf jf ;fem]bf/sf]d[To' ePdfÆ-@_ v08 -3_ kl5 b]xfosf] v08 -3!_ ylkPsf]5 M–æ-3!_ nuftf/ afx| dlxgf;Dd z"Go ljj/0flbg] jf ljj/0f g} glbO{ a;]sf s/bftfePdf,Æ-v_ pkbkmf -!s_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -!s_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-!s_ btf{ vf/]hLsf] nflu s/ ljj/0f k]zePsf] kGw| lbgleq s/bftfn] s/ k/LIf0fsf] nflucfˆgf] sfuhftx¿ k]z ug'{ kg]{5 / s/ clws[tn]27


To:tf s/bftfsf] s/ k/LIf0f u/L tLg dlxgfleqbtf{ vf/]h u/L jf btf{ vf/]h gx'g] eP ;f]sf]hfgsf/L s/bftfnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 . ;f] cjlwleqs/ clws[tn] btf{ vf/]h gu/]df jf btf{ vf/]hx'g] egL lg0f{o gu/]df ;f] cjlwkl5sf] s/ ljj/0fs/bftfn] k]z ug'{ kg]{ 5}g .Æ-u_ pkbkmf -!s_ kl5 b]xfosf pkbkmf -!v_ / -!u_ylkPsf 5g\ M–æ-!v_ of] pkbkmf nfu" x'Fbfsf avt aflif{saL; nfv ?k}ofFeGbf sdsf] s/of]Uo j:t'sf]sf/f]af/ eO{ btf{ sfod /x]sf s/bftfsf] sf/f]af/cfufld afx| dlxgfdf krf; nfv ?k}ofF gk'u]dfs/ clws[tn] vf/]hLsf] k|lqmofsf] nflu cfb]z lbg'kg]{5 .t/ bkmf ( adf]lhd :j]lR5s ?kdf btf{ x'grfxg] s/bftfn] cfkm\gf] btf{ sfod} /fVg rfx]dftf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf ;Djt\ @)&# c;f/ d;fGtleqb/vf:t lbPdf To:tf s/bftfsf] nflu of] pkbkmfnfu" x'g] 5}g .Ææ-!u_ of] pkbkmf nfu" x'Fbfsf avtbtf{sf] nflu tf]lsPsf] sf/f]af/sf] ;LdfeGbf sds/of]Uo sf/f]af/ eO{ btf{ sfod /x]sf s/bftfsf]v/Lb tyf k}7f/Ldf lt/]sf] ldnfg ug{ afFsL s/,df}Hbftsf] s/ s§L / btf{ vf/]hLsf] cGo k|lqmoftf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .-3_ pkbkmf -#_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -#_ /flvPsf]5 M–æ-#_ klxn] s/ s§L ;'ljwf lnO{ ;s]sfj:t'x¿dWo] btf{ vf/]h x'Fbfsf avt afFsL /x]sf]k"FhLut ;fdfg ;d]tsf] df}HbftnfO{ ahf/d"Nodf cfk"lt{ u/]sf] dflgg]5 / ;f] adf]lhd s/lgwf{/0f u/L c;'n ul/g]5 .:ki6Ls/0f M o; pkbkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nfluæk"FhLut ;fdfgÆ eGgfn] s'g} ;DklQ jf;DklQsf] s'g} efu / s/ nfUg] sf/f]af/df k|of]ux'g] ;DklQ ;Demg' k5{ .Æ28


-ª_ pkbkmf -#_ k5fl8b] xfosf] pkbkmf -$_ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-$_ s/ nfUg] j:t' jf ;]jfsf] sf/f]af/x'Fbf s'g} s'/f u/]sf] jf gu/]sf] sf/0fn] o; P]gadf]lhd ug{' kg]{ sfo{ tyf bfloTj afFsL ePdf;f] s/bftfsf] btf{ vf/]h x'Fb}df To:tf] bfloTjaf6To:tf] s/bftfn] pGd'lQm kfpg] 5}g .Æ-!@_ bkmf !@ sf],–-s_ pkbkmf -@_ /x]sf æb]xfosf /sdx?Æ eGg] zAbx?k5fl8 æ;d]tÆ eGg] zAb ylkPsf] 5 .-v_ pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -v_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08-v_ /flvPsf] 5 M–æ-v_ o; P]g adf]lhdsf] s/ afx]s cGtMz'Ns,:jfldTj z'Ns / cGo s/ /sd .:ki6Ls/0f M– o; v08sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æcGos/ /sdÆ eGgfn] ;fn–j;fnL cfly{s P]gn] tf]s]adf]lhd nfUg] dx;'n, b:t'/ jf cGo z'Ns;Demg' k5{ .Æ-!#_ bkmf !@ kl5 b]xfosf] bkmf !@s= ylkPsf] 5 M–æ!@s= sf7sf] sf/f]af/df s/ nfUg] M -!_ /fli6«o jgsf]sf7 lnnfdL, 5f]8k"hL{ jf lr/fg cfb]z kfPsf];dodWo] h'g klxn] x'G5 ;f] ;dodf To:tf]sf7sf] /f]oN6L /sd jf lnnfd /sddf h'g a9Lx'G5 ;f] /sddf s/ nufO{ c;'n pk/ ul/g]5 .-@_ lghL cfjfbL, lghL jg jf;fd'bflos jgsf] sf7 Jofkfl/s k|of]hgsf]nflu laqmL u/]df /f]oN6L gnfUg] eP klgpkbkmf -!_ df Joj:yf eP adf]lhd /fli6«ojgsf] sf7 ;/x g} s/ nfUg]5 .Æ-!$_ bkmf !$ sf] pkbkmf -#_ kl5 b]xfosf pkbkmf -$_, -%_,-^_ / -&_ ylkPsf 5g\ M–æ-$_ bz xhf/ ?k}ofFeGbf a9Lsf] s/ nfUg]j:t' ljefun] tf]s]sf] If]qaflx/ 9'jfgL ug]{n] s/ lahs;fydf /fVg' kg]{5 .29


-!%_-!^_-%_ ljefun] s/bftfnfO{ Sof; d]l;g jfsDKo'6/sf] k|of]u u/L lahs lbg' kg]{ u/L cfb]z lbg;Sg]5 . o;/L Sof; d]l;g jf sDKo'6/sf] k|of]u u/Llahs lbg] ;DaGwL cGo k|lqmof ljefun] tf]s] adf]lhdx'g]5 .-^_ ljefun] ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L jf lnlvtcfb]z lbO{ tf]s]sf] s'g} JolQmn] s'g} tf]s]sf] j:t'sf];f]xL ;"rgf jf cfb]zdf tf]s]sf] ;dofjlwsf nfluTo:tf] j:t'sf] v'b|f laqmL d"No ;fj{hlgs ug'{ kg]{ u/Ltf]Sg ;Sg]5 . o:tf] ;"rgf jf cfb]z k|fKt ePkl5 v'b|flaqmL d"No ;fj{hlgs gu/L s'g} j:t'sf] laqmL jfx:tfGt/0f ug{ kfpg] 5}g .-&_ pkbkmf -^_ adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] JolQmn]To:tf] j:t' btf{ gePsf] JolQmnfO{ laqmL ubf{;fj{hlgs ePsf] d"Nodf tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf lahs lbO{pkef]Qmf txsf] s/ ;d]t c;'n pk/ u/fpg] Joj:yful/g] 5 .t/ pkbkmf -^_ adf]lhd gtf]lsPsf] s'g}JolQmn] klg :j]R5fn] o; pkbkmf adf]lhdsf] lahslbg ;Sg]5 .Æbkmf !% sf] pkbkmf -@_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -#_ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-#_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg :yfgLo lgsfo jf g]kfnl:ytcGt/f{li6«o ;+3, ;+:yf jf lgof]u jf g]kfn ;/sf/ jfd"No clej[l4 s/ gnfUg] j:t'sf] sf/f]af/ ug]{;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgn] d"No clej[l4 s/ nfUg] j:t' jf;]jf laqmL ubf{ s/ c;'n pk/ ug'{ kg]{5 . Æbkmf !^ sf],–-s_pkbkmf -!_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -!s_ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-!s_ ljefun] s/bftfsf] sDKo'6/tYofÍ cfwf/ -8f6fj]z_ df lg/Gt/ kx'Fr k|fKtug{ ;Sg]5 .Æ30


-v_ pkbkmf -#_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -#s_ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-#s_ s/ nfUg] j:t' jf ;]jfsf]sf/f]af/ ug]{ btf{ gePsf JolQmn] k|To]scfly{s jif{sf] nflu vl/b laqmL vftf cfkm+}n]k|dfl0ft u/fO{ /fVg' kg]{5 . To:tf] vftf s/clws[tn] h'g;'s} avt hfFr ug{ ;Sg]5 .Æ-!&_ bkmf !^s= sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf !^s= /flvPsf] 5 M–æ!^s= sDKo"6/ k|zf]lwt clen]v k|df0fsf]?kdf u|fXo x'g] M -!_ k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s}s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg cGoyf k|dfl0ft ePdfafx]s s/ k|of]hgsf] lgldQ ljefu jfcGtu{tsf sfof{nodf /x]sf sDKo"6/af6k|zf]lwt s/bftf ;DaGwL clen]v k|df0fsf]?kdf u|fXo x'g]5 .-@_ ljefun] ;"rgf k|sfzg u/LljB'tLo dfWodaf6 lahs hf/L ug]{, n]vf/fVg], s/ ljj/0f k]z ug]{ tyf e'QmfgL ug]{;DaGwdf cfjZos Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg]5 .Æ-!*_ bkmf !^s= kl5 b]xfosf] bkmf !^v= ylkPsf]5 M–æ!^v= gf]S;fg ePsf] j:t'df lt/]sf] s/ s§Lug] { M cfuhgL, rf]/L, b'3{6gf, 6'6km'6 jfWj+zfTds ultljlwsf] sf/0fn] xflg gf]S;fgLePsf] j:t'df lt/]sf] d"No clej[l4 s/ tf]lsPadf]lhd s§L ug{ ;lsg]5 .Æ-!(_bkmf !& sf],–-s_pkbkmf -@_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -@_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg Jofj;flos jf JolQmutk|of]hgsf] nflu k|of]u x'g ;Sg] tf]lsPsfj:t'x¿sf xsdf s/ s§L ug{ gkfpg] jfcf+lzs ?kdf dfq s/ s§L ug{ kfpg] Joj:yfug{ ;lsg]5 .Æ31


-@)_-v_-u_-3_bkmf !* sf],–-s_-v_pkbkmf -%s_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -%s_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-%s_ pkbkmf -@_ sf] cwLgdf /xLljQLo k§f cGtu{t C0f ;Demf}tf u/L k}7f/Ljf v/Lb ul/Psf k"FhLut j:t'x¿df lt/]sf] s/;DalGwt s/bftfn] s§L ug{ kfpg]5 .Æpkbkmf -%s_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -%v_ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-%v_ bkmf * sf] pkbkmf -@_, bkmf!@s= / bkmf !% sf] pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdlt/]sf] s/ ;DalGwt s/bftfnfO{ s§L ug{lbOg]5 .Æpkbkmf -&_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -*_ ylkPsf]5 M–æ-*_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg nuftf/ 5 dlxgf;Dd s/ljj/0f k]z gug]{ s/bftfsf] gfd ;fj{hlgsul/g]5 tyf To:tf] s/bftfsf] s/ s§L ug'{kg]{/sd afFsL eP /f]Ssf /fVg / lghsf] btf{;d]t lgnDjg ug{ ;lsg]5 .Æpkbkmf -!_ df /x]sf æs/ clws[t ;dIfÆeGg] zAbx¿kl5 æjf x'nfsaf6 /lhi6«L u/LÆeGg] zAbx¿ ylkPsf 5g\ .pkbkmf -!_ kl5 b]xfosf pkbkmf -!s_ / -!v_ylkPsf 5g\ M–æ-!s_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg cfGtl/s /fh:j sfof{nogePsf lhNnfsf s/bftfn] cfk"mn] s/ ljj/0fa'emfpg' kg]{ dlxgfsf] kGw| ut]leq ;f]xLlhNnfsf] sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{nodfa'emfpg' kg]{ s/ /sd / s/ ljj/0f k]z ug{;Sg]5 . o;/L k|fKt x'g cfPsf] s/ ljj/0ftyf s/ e'QmfgLsf] ljj/0f sf]if tyf n]vflgoGqs sfof{non] ;ft lbgleq ;DalGwtcfGtl/s /fh:j sfof{nodf k7fpg' kg]{5 .32


-@!_-@@_bkmf !( sf],–-s_-!v_ pkbkmf -!_ / -!s_ adf]lhdljj/0f k]z ug]{ / k7fpg] sfo{ljlw ljefun]lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 .Æpkbkmf -@_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -@_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-@_ s/bftfn] pkbkmf -!_ dfplNnlvt Dofbleq a'emfpg' kg]{ s/ ga'emfPdfafFsL /x]sf] s/ /sddf jflif{s bz k|ltztsfb/n] yk b:t'/ nfUg]5 .Æ-v_ pkbkmf -#_ lemlsPsf] 5 .-u_-3_pkbkmf -$_ df /x]sf æpkbkmf -@_ jf -#_ÆeGg] zAbx¿sf] ;§f æpkbkmf -@_Æ eGg]zAbx¿ /flvPsf 5g\ .pkbkmf -%_ df /x]sf æpkbkmf -@_ / -#_adf]lhdsf]Æ eGg] zAbx¿sf] ;§f æpkbkmf -@_adf]lhdsf]Æ eGg] zAbx¿ / ædlxgfÆ eGg]zAbsf] ;§f æs/ cjlwÆ eGg] zAbx? /flvPsf5g\ .Æbkmf @) sf],–-s_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -ª_ kl5 b]xfosf v08 -r_,-5_, -h_, -em_, -`_ / -6_ ylkPsf 5g\ M–æ-r_ Go"g lahsLs/0f u/L ;d"x sDkgLdf cfk"lt{ePdf,-5_ btf{ x'g' kg]{ bfloTj ePsf] JolQmn] btf{gu/L sf/f]af/ u/]df,-h_ lahs hf/L gu/L laqmL u/]df,-em_ btf{ gePsf] JolQmn] s/ p7fPdf,-`_ bkmf * sf] pkbkmf -@_ jf -#_ adf]lhd s/bflvnf gu/]df,-6_ bkmf !& sf] pkbkmf -$_ sf] cj:yfljBdfg ePdf .Æ-v_ pkbkmf -$_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -$_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s/ lgwf{/0f ubf{s/ ljj/0f k]z u/]sf] ldltn] rf/ jif{leq s/lgwf{/0f ul/;Sg' kg]{5 . ;f] cjlwleq s/ lgwf{/0f33


x'g g;s]df k]z ePsf] ljj/0f g} :jtM dfGoePsf] dflgg]5 .Æ-u_ pkbkmf -$_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -$s_ ylkPsf]5 M–æ-$s_ pkbkmf -$_ df h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'g} JolQmn] e'm§f n]vf jflahs jf cGo sfuhft tof/ u/L jf hfn;fhLu/L s/ 5n]sf] /x]5 eg] h'g;'s} avt ljefun]k'gM s/ lgwf{/0f ug{ cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 .Æ-@#_ bkmf @! sf],–-s_ pkbkmf -!_ df /x]sf ædxflgb]{zssf] k"j{ :jLs[ltlnO{Æ eGg] zAbx? lemlsPsf 5g\ .-v_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -u_ / -r_ sf] ;§f b]xfosfv08 -u_ / -r_ /flvPsf 5g\ M–æ-u_ s/bftfsf] ;Dk"0f{ jf s]xL ;DklQ Ps} k6sjf k6s k6s u/L l;naGbL af]nkq jf;fj{hlgs a9fa9åf/f lnnfd laqmL u/]/ .-r_ s'g} t];|f] JolQmn] s/bftfnfO{ ltg'{kg]{ /sdbfjL u/]/ .Æ-u_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -5_ kl5 b]xfosf] v08 -h_ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-h_ g]kfn aflx/ hfg /f]s nufP/ .Æ-3_ pkbkmf -@_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -@_ /flvPsf]5 M–æ-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s/ clws[tn] u/]sf]sf/jfxLsf] hfgsf/L rf}la; 306fleqdxflgb]{zsnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .Æ-@$_ bkmf @@ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf @@ /flvPsf] 5 M–æ@@ ljz]if cj:yfdf s/ lgwf{/0f M o; P]gdfcGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'g}s/bftfn] g]kfn 5f]8L hfg] jf cfˆgf] ;Dkltc? s;}nfO{ x:tfGt/0f ug]{, x6fpg] jfn'sfpg] ;Defjgf eO{ s/ c;'nL x'g g;Sg]cj:yf 5 eGg] ljZjf; ug]{ cfwf/ ePdf s/clws[tn] dxflgb]{zssf] :jLs[lt lnO{ To:tf]s/bftf;Fu nfUg] jf nfu]sf] s/ t'?Gt lgwf{/0f34


u/L s/ c;'n ug{ jf w/f}6L dfu ug{;Sg]5 .Æ-@%_ bkmf @@ kl5 b]xfosf] bkmf @@s= ylkPsf] 5 M–æ@@s= s/ 5Ng] of]hgf lj?4sf] Joj:yf M o; P]gdfcGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg s/sf]kmfObf lng] ablgotn] b]xfosf] s'g} sfo{ u/]dfs/ 5Ng] of]hgf u/]sf] dfgL dxflgb]{zsn]To:tf] s/bftfsf] s/ lgwf{/0f u/L s/ c;'npk/ ug{ s/ clws[tnfO{ cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 M–-s_ o; P]gdf ePsf] Joj:yfsf] b'?kof]uu/L s/ 5Ng] ab\lgotn] s'g} of]hgftyf sfo{ u/L s/sf] bfloTj sdu/]df,-v_ s'g} JolQm jf lgsfon] s/sf] bfloTjsd ug]{ ab\lgotn] s'g} sfo{ u/]dfjf ;f] ug]{ p2]Zon] ;Demf}tf u/]df .Æ-@^_ bkmf @#v= kl5 b]xfosf bkmf @#u= / @#3=ylkPsf 5g\ M–æ@#u= Go"g lahsLs/0fsf j:t' v/Lb ug]{ M -!_ s'g}JolQmn] k|rlnt ahf/ d"NoeGbf laqmL d"Nosd b]vfO{ Go"g lahsLs/0f u/L s'g} j:t'laqmL u/]df k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg To;/L Go"g lahsLs/0fu/L laqmL u/]sf] To:t} k|s[ltsf] df}HbftdfafFsL /x]sf] j:t' s/ clws[tn] /f]Ssf /fvLGo"g lahsLs/0f u/L laqmL u/]sf] d"Nodf s/clws[tn] vl/b ug{ jf u/fpg ;Sg]5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s/ clws[tn]j:t' vl/b ubf{ jf u/fpFbf To:tf] JolQmn] j:t'laqmL ug{ d~h'/ gu/]df s/ clws[tn] To:tf]j:t' cfˆgf] sAhfdf lnO{ Go"g lahsLs/0f u/LlaqmL u/]sf] d"Nosf] cfwf/df u0fgf u/L To:tf]JolQmn] e'QmfgL lng cfPsf] avt e'QmfgL lbg'kg]{5 .-#_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd v/Lbu/]sf] jf v/Lb ug{ nufPsf] j:t' dxflgb]{zsn]35


-@&_tf]s]sf] d"No tyf k|lqmof cg';f/ laqmL ug{ jfu/fpg ;lsg]5 .@#3= y'gfdf /fVg jf sAhf ug{ jf w/f}6 dfu ug{;Sg] M -!_ s'g} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn]s/ 5nL sf/f]af/ u/]sf] / t'?Gt s'g} sf/afxLgu/]df cleo'Qm efuL hfg] jf s;"/sf] ;a'tk|df0f ufoa x'g] ;Defjgf b]v]dfdxflgb]{zssf] :jLs[lt lnO{ s/ clws[tn]b]xfosf sfd ug{ jf u/fpg ;Sg]5 M–-s_ sf/f]af/ :yndf l;naGbL ug{,-v_ ljB'tLo pks/0f tyf ;f]sf]clen]v sAhf ug{,-u_ s;"/ u/]sf] eGg] s'/fsf] ljZjf;nfu]sf] JolQmaf6 5lnPsf] s/a/fa/sf] /sd krf{ v8f u/Lgub w/f}6L jf h]yf hdfgL dfuug{,-3_ s/bftfsf] gfddf /x]sf] a}Ívftf tLg dlxgf;Ddsf] nflu/f]Ssf /fVg,t/ s/ lgwf{/0f k|lqmofk"/f gePsf] cj:yfdfdxflgb]{zssf] :jLs[ltdf yktLg dlxgfsf] nflu a}Í vftf/f]Ssf /fVg ;lsg]5 .-ª_ v08 -u_ adf]lhd gub w/f}6Lg/fv]df jf h]yf hdfgL glbPdfPs k6sdf kGw| lbgdf ga9\g]u/L a9Ldf k+}tfnL; lbg y'gfdf/fVg .-@_ o; P]g adf]lhd s;"/sf] cg';Gwfgtyf txlssftsf] ;DaGwdf s/ clws[tnfO{sfg"g adf]lhd k|x/LnfO{ eP ;/xsf] clwsf/x'g]5 .Æbkmf @$ sf] pkbkmf -$_ / -%_ sf] ;§f b]xfosfpkbkmf -$_ / -%_ /flvPsf 5g\ M–36


æ-$_ pkbkmf -@_ jf -#_ df h'g;'s}s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg dlxgfe/Lsf] s'nlaqmLdWo] rfnL; k|ltzteGbf a9L lgsf;Lu/L laqmL ug]{ btf{ ePsf] JolQmn] bkmf !&adf]lhd s/ s§L ug{ kfpg] /sd o; cl3o; bkmfdf tf]lsPsf] sfo{ljlw ckgfO{ lkmtf{kfpg lgj]bg lbPdf a'emfpg' kg]{ s'g} /sdafFsL eP To;df ldnfg u/L afFsL /x]sf] /sdPsd'i6 lkmtf{ kfpg lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .-%_ pkbkmf -#_ jf -$_ adf]lhd s'g}lgj]bg k/]df lkmtf{ lbg'kg]{ 7xl/Psf] /sd s/clws[tn] lkmtf{ lbg]5 / lgj]bg k/]sf] ldltn]pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd eP ;f7L lbgleq /pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd eP tL; lbgleq lkmtf{gul/Pdf To:tf] /sddf g]kfn ;/sf/n]tf]lsP adf]lhd Aofh ;d]t lbg' kg]{5 .Æ-@*_ bkmf @$ kl5 b]xfosf] bkmf @$s= ylkPsf] 5 M–æ@$s= s/ lkmtf{ gx'g] M bkmf @$ df h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg o; P]g adf]lhd lkmtf{lng' kg]{ /sd s/ cjlw ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn]tLg jif{leq lkmtf{sf] nflu lgj]bg glbPdflkmtf{ x'g] 5}g .Æ-@(_bkmf @% sf],–-s_pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -s_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf]v08 -s_ /flvPsf] 5 M–æ-s_ g]kfn ;/sf/, k//fi6« dGqfnon]s'6gLlts dfGotf k|bfg u/]sf] g]kfnsf]s'6gLlt1nfO{ ljb]zL /fi6«n]kf/:kl/stfsf] cfwf/df jf If]qLo jfcGt/f{li6«o lgof]u jf ;+:yfdf sfo{/ts'6gLlts ;'ljwf k|fKt JolQmnfO{ s/5'6sf] ;'ljwf k|bfg u/]sf] /x]5 eg]g]kfnl:yt To:tf] /fi6«, If]qLo jfcGt/f{li6«o lgof]u jf ;+:yfsf]s'6gLlt1n] cfk"mn] pkef]u u/]sf]xb;Dd g]kfnleq lt/]sf] s/sf] /sd .Æ37


-#)_-v_ pkbkmf -!_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -!s_ ylkPsf]5 M–æ-!s_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'6gLlts lgsfo jfs'6gLlt1n] s/ nfUg] j:t' jf ;]jf vl/b ubf{lt/]sf] s/ Ps k6sdf kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofFeGbfsdsf] v/Lbdf lkmtf{ ul/g] 5}g .Æbkmf @% kl5 b]xfosf bkmf @%s=, @%v= / @%u=ylkPsf 5g\ M–æ@%s= ljb]zL ko{6sn] v/Lbdf lt/]sf] s/ lkmtf{ x'g] Mg]kfn e|d0f u/L xjfO{dfu{af6 kms{g] ljb]zLko{6sn] kRrL; xhf/ ?k}ofFeGbf a9Lsf] s/nfUg] j:t' v/Lb u/L cfk"m;Fu nu]df ljefun]tf]s]sf] k|lqmof cg';f/ To:tf] j:t'df lt/]sf]s/ lkmtf{ lbOg]5 . To:tf] lkmtf{ x'g] /sdsf]tLg k|ltzt /sd ;]jf z'Ns afkt s§ful/g]5 .@%v= k'gM lgof{tdf eG;f/ laGb'af6} s/ lkmtf{ x'g] Ms'g} a:t' k'gM lgof{t ePdf ;DalGwt JolQmn]eG;f/df bflvnf u/]sf] d"No clej[l4 s/afktsf] w/f}6L /sddWo] ;f] j:t' k'gM lgof{tePsf] k|df0fsf] cfwf/df x'g] /sd ;DalGwteG;f/ sfof{noaf6 lghnfO{ lkmtf{ lbOg]5 .@%u= k'gM lgof{tdf s/ lkmtf{ x'g] M s'g} a:t' k'gMlgof{t eO{ kl/jTo{ d'b|fdf clu|d ?kdf e'QmfgLk|fKt ePdf ;DalGwt JolQmn] v/Lbdf lt/]sf]d"No clej[l4 s/ afktsf] /sd lghnfO{ lkmtf{lbOg]5 .Æ-#!_ bkmf @^ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf @^ /flvPsf] 5 M–æ@^ Aofh M -!_ o; P]g adf]lhd a'emfpg' kg]{ s'g}/sd Dofb leq bflvnf gu/]df To:tf] Dofb gf3]sf]ldltb]lv a'emfpg afFsL /sddf Aofh nfUg]5 . To:tf]Aofh bkmf #!s= adf]lhd k|zf;sLo k'g/fjnf]sg /bkmf #@ adf]lhd k'g/fj]bgsf] nflu lgj]bg lbPsf]cj:yfdf klg u0fgf ul/g]5 .38


-#@_-##_-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu Aofhsf]b/ jflif{s kGw| k|ltzt x'g]5 .Æbkmf @* sf] pkbkmf -!_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf-!s_ ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-!s_ g]kfnleq pTkfbg ePsf] jf tof/ePsf] dfnj:t' eG;f/ sfof{noaf6 lgsf;Lsf] k|lqmofk"/f eO;s]kl5 jf ljb]zdf k'lu;s]kl5 ;DalGwtkf6L{n] lng c:jLsf/ u/L jf cGo sf/0fn] k'gM k}7f/Lu/L NofO{ ;f]xL dfnj:t' k}7f/L ePsf] tLg dlxgfleqlgsf;L ug]{ ePdf o;/L lkmtf{ NofpFbfsf] avt nfUg]d"No clej[l4 s/ w/f}6Ldf /fvL 5f8\g ;lsg]5 /To:tf] dfnj:t' k'gM lgsf;L ePkl5 pQm w/f}6L lkmtf{lbOg]5 . o;/L w/f}6Ldf /flvPsf] / lkmtf{ ul/Psf]/sdsf] ljj/0f ;DAflGwt eG;f/ sfof{non] cfGtl/s/fh:j ljefunfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .Æbkmf @( sf],–-s_ pkbkmf -!_ sf],–-!_ v08 -s_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08 -s_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-s_ bkmf %v= adf]lhd btf{ ug{ s/clws[tn] lbPsf] cfb]z jf bkmf!) sf] pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_pNn‹g u/]df jf bkmf !)s= sf]pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd btf{ gePdfk|To]s s/ cjlwsf] lgldQ bzxhf/ ?k}ofF,Æ-@_ v08 -v_ kl5 b]xfosf] v08 -v!_ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-v!_ of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf]lgod adf]lhd s/kf6L g/fv]dfjf tf]lsPsf] 7fpFdf s/kf6Lg/fv]df k6s} lkR5] b'O{ xhf/?k}ofF,Æ-#_ v08 -u_, -3_ / -ª_ sf] ;§f b]xfosfv08 -u_, -3_ / -ª_ /flvPsf 5g\ M–39


-v_-u_æ-u_ bkmf !$ sf] pkbkmf -!_ jf -$_pNn‹g u/]df k|To]s k6s kfFrxhf/ ?k}ofF,-3_ bkmf !% pNn‹g u/]df p7fPsf]s/sf] zt k|ltzt,-ª_ bkmf !^ sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf/f]af/sf] n]vf cBfjlws g/fv]dfbz xhf/ ?k}of / sf/f]af/sf] n]vflg/LIf0f ug{ glbPdf k6s} lkR5]aL; xhf/ ?k}ofF,Æ-$_ v08 -5_ kl5 b]xfosf v08 -5!_ / -5@_ylkPsf 5g\ M–æ-5!_ bkmf !^ sf] pkbkmf -#s_ pNn‹gu/]df k|To]s k6s Ps xhf/ ?k}ofF,-5@_ sDKo"6/ lalnª ug{ :jLs[lt lnPsf]jf :jLs[lt glnPsf] s/bftfn]tYofÍ d]6\g jf ;Rofpg ;lsg];ˆ6\j]o/ k|of]u u/]sf] kfOPdf kfFrnfv ?k}ofF,Æpkbkmf -!_ kl5 b]xfosf pkbkmf -!s_ / -!v_ylkPsf 5g\ M–æ-!s_ of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf]lgod kfngf gu/L s/sf] bfloTj 36fPdf s/clws[tn] ljefun] tf]s]sf] cfwf/df s/lauf]sf] kRrL; k|ltzt;Dd hl/jfgf ug{;Sg]5 .-!v_ s'g} s/bftfsf] df}Hbft k/LIf0fubf{ v/Lb vftfdf pNn]v ePsf]eGbf a9L a:t'df}Hbft km]nf k/]df s/ clws[tn] To:tf]a:t'sf] cfDbfgL afFWg nufO{ To;/L a9L km]nfk/]sf] a:t'sf] ahf/ d'No sfod u/L ;f]d"Nosf] krf; k|ltztn] x'g] /sd hl/jfgf ug{;Sg]5 .Æpkbkmf -@_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -@_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-@_ s'g} JolQmn] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] s'g}s;"/ u/]df s/ clws[tn] To:tf] JolQmnfO{ s/40


-#$_lauf]sf] zt k|ltzt /sd hl/jfgf jf 5dlxgf;Dd s}b jf b'j} ;hfo ug{ ;Sg]5 M–-s_ e'm§f n]vf jf lahs jf cGosfuhft tof/ u/]df,-v_ hfn;fhL u/L s/ 5n]df,-u_ btf{ gePsf] JolQmn] btf{ePsf] JolQm ;/x Jojxf/u/]df,-3_ bkmf @#u= pNn‹g u/]df,-ª_ bkmf #) sf] pNn‹g u/Lsf/f]af/ u/]df .Æ-3_ pkbkmf -@_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -#_ ylkPsf]5 M–æ-#_ o; P]gdf plNnlvt s'g} s;"/ug]{ JolQmnfO{ hfgfhfg jf nfk/jfxL u/L d2tug]{ jf ;xfotf lbg] jf b'?T;fxg ug]{ jf;Nnfx lbg] dltof/nfO{ To:tf] JolQmn] 36Llt/]sf] s/sf] krf; k|ltzt /sd hl/jfgfnfUg]5 .Æbkmf @( kl5 b]xfosf bkmf @(s= / @(v= ylkPsf5g\ M–æ@(s= ljefun] hl/jfgfsf] /sd bflvnf ug{ cfb]zlbg ;Sg] M -!_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'g} JolQmn] bkmf @( sf]pkbkmf -@_ df plNnlvt Ps jf PseGbf a9Ls;"/ u/]sf] s'/f sf/afxLsf] k|lqmof z'? x'g'cufj} lnlvt ?kdf :jLsf/ u/]df To:tf] s;"/u/] afkt nfUg] hl/jfgf /sddf ga9\g] u/Lhl/jfgf /sd bflvnf ug{ ljefun] To:tf]JolQmnfO{ cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 .-@_ ljefun] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf]cfb]z lbFbf To:tf] cfb]zdf To:tf] s;"/sf]ljj/0f, a'emfpg' kg]{ hl/jfgf /sd / hl/jfgf/sd a'emfpg' kg]{ ldlt v'nfpg' kg]{5 .-#_ ljefun] o; bkmf adf]lhd lbPsf]cfb]z clGtd x'g]5 .41


æ@(v= ;DalGwt clws[t lhDd]jf/ x'g] M -!_ s'g}lgsfon] o; P]g adf]lhd kfng ug'{ kg]{ s'g}s'/f kfng gu/]df ;f] ;dodf To:tf] lgsfosf]clws[tsf] ?kdf sfo{ ug]{ k|To]s sd{rf/L ;f]sfd k|lt lhDd]jf/ x'g]5 .-@_ s'g} lgsfon] s/ a'emfO{ ;Sg'kg]{ldlt;Dd s/ ga'emfPdf To:tf] lgsfosf]tTsfn jxfn /x]sf] jf 5 dlxgf cl3;Ddjxfn /x]sf] k|To]s clws[t ;+o'Qm jf 5'§f5'§}?kdf ;f] s/ a'emfpg lhDd]jf/ /x]sf]dflgg]5 .-#_ pkbkmf -!_ / -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;f] pkbkmfx? b]xfosfcj:yfdf nfu" x'g] 5}gg\ M–-s_ ;f] JolQmsf] hfgsf/L jfdGh'/L ljgf ;f] lgsfon]To:tf] s;"/ u/]sf] cj:yfdf,/-v_ To:tf] s;"/ x'g glbg ;f]JolQmn] ;fdfGo dfgjLoljj]s k|of]u ug]{ JolQmn]ckgfpg];Ddsf] xf]l;of/L,kl/>d / ;Lk ckgfPsf] jfk|of]u u/]sf] ePdf .-$_ s'g} JolQmn] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhds/ bflvnf u/]df ;f] JolQmn] b]xfo adf]lhdug{ ;Sg]5 M–-s_ lghn] To;/L bflvnf u/]sf]/sd ;f] lgsfoaf6 c;'npk/ ug{,-v_ v08 -s_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nfluTo;/L bflvnf u/]sf]/sdeGbf a9L gx'g] u/Llghsf] sAhfdf /x]sf] jf /xgcfpg] ;f] lgsfosf] ;DklQcfˆgf] cwLgdf /fVg .42


-%_ pkbkmf -$_ sf] v08 -v_adf]lhd s'g} JolQmn] s'g} ;DklQ cfˆgf]cwLgdf lnPdf To:tf] JolQm pk/ ;f] lgsfojf cGo s'g} JolQmn] s'g} bfaL ug{ kfpg] 5}g .:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æ;DalGwtclws[tÆ eGgfn] ;f] lgsfosf] Joj:yfks jf ;f]x}l;otdf sfo{ ug]{ JolQm ;Demg' k5{ .-#%_ bkmf #) kl5 b]xfosf] bkmf #)s= ylkPsf] 5 M–æ#)s= k'gM s/ lgwf{/0fsf] nflu cfb]z lbg ;Sg] M -!_s/ lgwf{/0f eO{ g;Sb} ;f] s/ lgwf{/0f ;DaGwLs'g} sf/afxL clgoldt x'g nfu]sf] 5 jfePsf] 5 eGg] s'/f dxflgb]{zsnfO{ k|fKt;"rgfaf6 b]lvg cfPdf :ki6 sf/0f vf]nL krf{v8f u/L dxflgb]{zsn] k'gM s/ lgwf{/0f ug{;DalGwt s/ clws[t jf cGo s'g} s/clws[tnfO{ cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 .-@_ s/ clws[tn] nfk/afxL jfablgot;fy s/ lgwf{/0f u/L s/sf] bfloTj36\g uPsf] b]lvPdf dxflgb]{zsn] To:tf] s/lgwf{/0f cfb]zdf ;+zf]wg ug{ z'? s/ lgwf{/0fePsf] ldltaf6 rf/ jif{leq cfb]z lbg;Sg]5 .Æ43


-#^_ bkmf #!s= sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf #!s= /flvPsf] 5 M–æ#!s= k|zf;sLo k'g/fjnf]sgsf] nflu lgj]bg lbg;Sg] M -!_ s/ clws[tn] u/]sf] s/ lgwf{/0fsf]lg0f{o pk/ lrQ ga'‰g] JolQmn] To:tf] lg0f{osf];"rgf kfPsf] ldltn] tL; lbgleq To:tf] lg0f{olj?4 dxflgb]{zs ;dIf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgj]bg lbg] Dofbu'lh|g uPdf To:tf] Dofb u'h|]sf] ldltn] ;ftlbgleq Dofb u'lh|g uPsf] sf/0f vf]nL Dofbyksf] nflu dxflgb]{zs ;dIf lgj]bg lbg;Sg]5 / To:tf] lgj]bgdf plNnlvt sf/0fdgfl;a b]lvPdf dxflgb]{zsn] Dofb u'h|]sf]ldltaf6 tL; lbgsf] Dofb yk ug{ ;Sg]5 .-#_ s/bftfsf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k/]sf]lgj]bg pk/ 5fglag ubf{ lgj]bssf] lhsL/;To b]lvg cfPdf :ki6 sf/0f vf]nL krf{ v8fu/L dxflgb]{zsn] ;f] s/ lgwf{/0f cfb]z ab/u/L k'gM s/ lgwf{/0f ug{ ;DalGwt s/ clws[tjf cGo s'g} s/ clws[tnfO{ cfb]z lbg;Sg]5 .-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgj]bg k/]sf]ldltn] ;f7L lbgleq ;f] lgj]bg pk/dxflgb]{zsn] lg0f{o lbg' kg]{5 .-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhdsf] Dofbleqdxflgb]{zsn] lg0f{o glbPdf ;DalGwt JolQmn]bkmf #@ adf]lhd /fh:j Gofoflws/0fdfk'g/fj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .-^_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgj]bg lbg]s/bftfn] lgwf{l/t s/ /sddWo] ljjfb/lxt s//sd a'emfO{ ljjflbt s/ /sdsf] Ps ltxfO{/sd bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 .-&_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd bflvnf ug'{kg]{/sd lgj]bg lbg'eGbf cufl8 g} a9L bflvnfu/]sf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] /sdn] vfd];Ddsf] /sds6fO{ afFsL /sd dfq bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 .44


-*_ o; bkmf adf]lhd bflvnf u/]sf]/sd d'2fsf] clGtd lsgf/f gnfu];Dd lkmtf{x'g] 5}g .Æ-#&_ bkmf #@ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf #@ /flvPsf] 5 M–-#*_æ#@= /fh:j Gofoflws/0fdf k'g/fj]bg nfUg] M -!_bkmf #) adf]lhd dxflgb]{zsn] u/]sf]lgnDagsf] cfb]z jf bkmf #!s= sf] pkbkmf-$_ adf]lhd dxflgb]{zsn] u/]sf] lg0f{o pk/lrQ ga'‰g] JolQmn] /fh:j Gofoflws/0fdfk'g/fj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k'g/fj]bg lbg]JolQmn] k'g/fj]bg btf{ u/]sf] ldltn] kGw|lbgleq k'g/fj]bg kqsf] k|ltlnlk ;+nUg u/Lljefu ;dIf lnlvt hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 .Æbkmf #@ kl5 b]xfosf bkmf #@s= / #@v= ylkPsf5g\ M–æ#@s= k"jf{b]z M -!_ s'g} JolQmn] of] P]g nfu" x'g]cj:yf af/] s'g} låljwf lg/fs/0fsf nfluljefu ;dIf lnlvt ?kdf lgj]bg lbPdfljefun] ;f] JolQmnfO{ lnlvt ?kdf ;"lrt u/Lljefusf] wf/0ff tf]lsP adf]lhd k"jf{b]zåf/fhf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg o; P]gsf] sfof{Gjogsf;DaGwdf b]vfk/]sf] s'g} låljwf ;DaGwL ljifocbfntdf ljrf/fwLg /x]sf] jf cbfntaf6lg0f{o eO{ ;s]sf] cj:yfdf To:tf] ljifodfljefun] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] k"jf{b]z hf/Lug{ ;Sg] 5}g .Æ#@v= ;fj{hlgs kl/kq M -!_ o; P]gsf]sfof{Gjogdf Ps?ktf NofO{ s/ k|zf;gnfO{;/n agfpg / ljefu jf ;f] cGtu{tsfsfof{nosf clws[t nufot o; P]gaf645


k|efljt x'g] JolQmnfO{ dfu{ lgb]{zg lbgljefun] o; P]gdf ePsf Joj:yfsf] ;DaGwdfJofVof;lxt lnlvt ;fj{hlgs kl/kqx? hf/Lug{ ;Sg]5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd hf/L ul/Psfkl/kqx? ;j{;fwf/0fsf] hfgsf/Lsf] nfluljefusf] cfkm\gf] j]e;fO6df jf /fli6«o :t/sf]kqklqsfdf k|sfzg ug{ ;Sg]5 .-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd hf/L ul/Psf]s'g} kl/kq /2 gul/P;Dd ;f] kl/kq adf]lhdsf/afxL ug{ ljefu afWo x'g]5 .Æ-#(_ bkmf #$ kl5 b]xfosf] bkmf #$s= ylkPsf] 5 M–æ#$s= ljz]if1sf] ;]jf lng ;Sg] M g]kfn ;/sf/ jfljefun] s/ k/LIf0f, cg';Gwfg jf Joj:yfkg;DaGwL sfo{sf] nflu ;DalGwt ljz]if1sf] ;]jflng ;Sg]5 / To:tf] ljz]if1sf] ;DaGwdf bkmf#& df plNnlvt ;/sf/L uf]Kotf ;DaGwLJoj:yf nfu" x'g]5 .Æ-$)_ bkmf $) sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf $) /flvPsf] 5 M–æ$)= k'/:sf/ tyf ;"/fsL vr{ M -!_ s'g} s/bftfn]cfˆgf] s/sf] bfloTjsf] ;Dk"0f{ jf s]xL c+z5n]sf] jf 5Ng sf]lz; u/]sf] k|df0f ;lxtsf];"rgf lbg] JolQmnfO{ To:tf] ;"rgfsf] cfwf/dfc;'n pk/ ul/Psf] s/sf] /sddWo] lghn] k]zu/]sf] k|df0faf6 lgwf{/0f eP hltsf] s//sdsf] aL; k|ltzt a/fa/sf] /sddxflgb]{zssf] lg0f{on] k'/:sf/ :j?k lbg;lsg]5 .-@_ k'/:sf/ kfpg] JolQm PseGbf a9LePdf k'/:sf/sf] /sd ;dfg'kflts ?kdflbOg]5 .-#_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg /fh:j r'xfj6sf] ;"rgflbg] JolQmnfO{ ;"rgfsf] ;Totfsf] cfwf/df46


ljefuåf/f tf]lsPsf] sfo{ljlw adf]lhd tTsfnbzxhf/ ?k}of;Dd ;'/fsL vr{ lbg ;lsg]5 .-$_ pkbkmf -!_ / -#_ adf]lhdsf];"rgf lbg] JolQmsf] gfd, y/ / jtg uf]Ko/flvg]5 .Æ-$!_ cg';"rL–! / cg';"rL–@ sf] ;§f b]xfosf cg';"rL–! /cg';"rL–@ /flvPsf 5g\ M–47


cg';"rL–!-d"No clej[l4 s/ P]g, @)%@ sf] bkmf % sf] pkbkmf -#_ ;+u ;DalGwt_s/ 5'6 x'g] j:t' tyf ;]jfx?;d"x M ! cfwf/e"t s[lif pTkfbgx?06.01 lgis[o, pd|g nfu]sf] jf km"n]sf] ufgf], uf+7f], uf+7]h/f,wgsGb -sf}d{_, qmfpg -?vsf] h/f / :t+e hf]l8g] laGb':yn_, /fOhf]d -d"nh/f]_, lrsf]/L lj?jf / zLif{s!@=!@ sf] h/fx?afx]s cGo h/fx? .0601.10.00 –lgis[o uf+gf], uf+7f], uf+7] h/f, wgsGb -sf}d{_, qmfpg /d"nh/f0601.20.00 –pd|g nfu]sf] jf k"mn]sf] uf+gf], uf+7f], uf+7] h/f, wgsGb-sf}d{_, qmfpg, d"nh/f, lrsf]/L lj?jf / h/fx?06.02 cGo hLljt lj?jf -h/f ;lxt_, sndLx?, Rofpm /:kfpg -Rofp lgl:sg] ;]tf] TofGb«f]_0602.10.00 –h/f gePsf] sndLx?0602.20.00 –vfg x'g] kmn jf sfi7kmn -g6_ sf sndL u/]sf jfgu/]sf ?v, a'6f / ´fª0602.30.00 –/f]8f]8]G8«G; -u'/fF;_ / chflnof, sndL u/]sf] jfgu/]sf0602.40.00 –sndL u/]sf] jf gu/]sf] u'nfkm0602.90.00 –cGo06.03 ;hfj6 k|of]hgsf] nflu jf km"nsf] u'R5f agfpgsf]nflu pko'Qm l6k]sf] k"mnsf] sf]lknf jf l6k]sf] km"n,tfhf, ;'s]sf], /+ufPsf], wf]Psf], ;+;]lrt -OlDk|Ug]6]8\_ jfcGo k|sf/n] tof/ u/]sf] .–tfhfM0603.11.00 ––u'nfkmx?0603.12.00 ––sfg]{;gx?0603.13.00 ––cls{8x?0603.14.00 ––lqm;fgy]ddx?48


0603.15.00 ––s'd'lbgL -lnnL_ x? -lnlnod hftx?_0603.19.00 ––cGo0603.90.00 –cGo06.04 u'R5f jf u'nb:tf agfpg] jf ;hfj6sf] nflu pko'Qmx'g] lsl;dsf tfhf, ;'s]sf], /+ufPsf], wf]Psf], ;+;]lrtjf cGo lsl;dn] tof/ u/]sf] ?vsf] kfn'jf, xfFuflaFuf/ cGo efux? -km"n / sf]lknf afx]s_ afnj[If, ´f8L/ cGo af]6 lj?jfx? ‰ofp, ;'gfv/L / 3f+;x? .0604.20.00 –tfhf0604.90.00 –cGo07.01 tfhf jf lr;f] kf/]sf] cfn' .0701.10.00 –lapm0701.90.00 –cGo07.02 0702.00.00 tfhf jf lr;f] kf/]sf] uf]ne]8f07.03 tfhf jf lr;f] kf/]sf] Kofh, zfnf}6, n;"g, 5\ofkL jfo:t} hfltsf cGo jg:kltx? .0703.10.00 –Kofh / zfnf}60703.90.00 ––5\ofkL / o:t} n;'g Kofh hfltsf ;fukft07.04 tfhf jf lr;f] kf/]sf] jGbfsf]aL -Sofa]h_, sfpnL,ufF7sf]aL -sf]n/faL_, s]n -Ps lsl;dsf] sf]aL_ / vfgx'g] sfpnL hfltsf cGo ;fukft .0704.10.00 –sfpnL / a|f]sfpnL0704.20.00 –a|';]N; :k|fp6 -Ps lsl;dsf] rZd] aGbfsf]aL_0704.90.00 –cGo07.05 tfhf / lr;f] n]6\o"; -lh/Lsf] ;fu_ / lrsf]/L .–n]6\o"; -lh/Lsf] ;fu, ;nfb_M0705.11.00 ––Sofa]h n]6\o"; -x]8 n]6\o";_0705.19.00 ––cGo–lrsf]/L -sf:gL_ M0705.21.00 ––lj6nkm lrsf]/L49


0705.29.00 ––cGo07.06 tfhf jf lr;f] kf/]sf] ufh/, ;nud, ;nfbsf] nflur'sGb/sf] h/f, ;flN;kmfO{, ;]n]l/ofs -;nud h:tf]h/f ePsf] ;fu_, d"nf / o:t} vfg x'g] h/fx? .0706.10.00 –ufh/ / ;nud0706.90.00 –cGo07.07 0707.00.00 tfhf jf lr;f] kf/]sf] sf+qmfx? .07.08 tfhf jf lr;f] kf/]sf] sf];] t/sf/Lx? -5f]8fPsf] jfg5f]8fPsf]_ .0708.10.00 –s]/fp0708.20.00 –af]8L -l;dL;d]t_0708.90.00 –cGo sf];] t/sf/L07.09 tfhf jf lr;f] kf/]sf] cGo t/sf/Lx? .0709.20.00 –s'l/nf]0709.30.00 –efG6f0709.40.00 –;]n/L, ;]n]l/ofnafx]s–Rofp -d;?d / 6«kmN;_ M0709.51.00 ––P]ufl/s; hfltsf] Rofp -d;?d_ x?0709.59.00 ––cGo0709.60.00 –vf];f{gL hftsf] kmnk"mnx?0709.70.00 –kfn'Fuf], Go"lhNof08 kfn'Fuf] ;d]t–cGo M0709.91.00 ––Unf]j cfl6{rf]sx?0709.92.00 ––h}t'gx?0709.93.00 ––km;L{, s'leG8f] / nf}sfx? -So"s/la6f hftx?_0709.99.00 ––cGo07.10 lxdLs[t ;fukft -akmfP/ jf pdfn]/ ksfPsf] jfgksfPsf]_ .0710.10.00 –cfn'50


0710.21.00 ––s]/fpx?–sf];] t/sf/L, 5f]8fPsf] jf g5f]8fPsf]M0710.22.00 ––af]8Lx? -;LdL;d]t_0710.29.00 ––cGo0710.30.00 –kfn'Fuf] Go"lhn}08 kfn'Fuf] ;d]t0710.40.00 –u'lnof] jf :jflbnf] ds}0710.80.00 –cGo ;fukft0710.90.00 –ldl>t ;fukft07.11 g"g kfgLdf, uGws kfgLdf af o:t} ;dfg c:yfoL?kdf ;'/lIft /fVg] t/n kbfy{df /fvL ;'/lIft ul/Psf]t/ To; cj:yfdf t'?Gt vfg pko'Qm gx'g] vfnsf];fukft .0711.20.00 –h}t'g -cf]lnE;_0711.40.00 –sfqmf]x?–Rofp -d;?D;_ / e'OFd'lg x'g] Rofp -6«kmN;_M0711.51.00 ––P]ufl/s; hfltsf] Rofp -d;?D;_ x?0711.59.00 ––cGo0711.90.00 –cGo t/sf/L; ldl>t t/sf/L07.12 ;'Vvf t/sf/L, l;+u}, sf6]sf], tf5]sf], 6'qmofPsf],km'6fPsf] jf w'nf] agfPsf] t/ To;eGbf a9L tof/gu/]sf] .0712.20.00 –Kofh07.13 sf];f 5f]8fPsf] ;'Vvf sf];] t/sf/L, af]qmf 5f]8fPsf] jfg5f]8fPsf] jf bn]sf] jf gbn]sf] .0713.10.00 –s]/fpm0713.20.00 –rgf0713.31.00 ––af]8L–af]8L -l;dL;d]t_ M0713.32.00 ––;fgf] /ftf] af]8L0713.33.00 ––af]8L -ls8\gL aLG;_, ;]tf] lk aLG;;d]t51


0713.34.00 ––afDa/f laG; -Ps k|sf/sf] af]8L_ -leUgf ;a6]/flgofjf ef]cflGhof ;a6]/flgof_0713.35.00 ––tg]af]8L -sfplkh\_ -leUgf cªu'Os'nf6f_0713.39.00 ––cGo0713.40.00 –d';'/f] bfn0713.50.00 –as'nf / l;ld -a|f]8 ljG; / x;{ aLG;_0713.60.00 –lkhg lkh -Sofhfg;\ Sofhg\_ -Ps k|sf/sf] s]/fp_0713.90.00 –cGo07.14 df8 -Zj]t;f/ jf :6fr{_ jf OGo"lngsf] dfqf pRrePsf, tfhf, lr:ofOPsf], lxdLs[t jf ;'sfOPsf], 6'qmfkfl/Psf] jf gkfl/Psf] -:nfO:8_ jf k]n]6\;sf] ?kdfePsf] jf gePsf] dflgcf]s, cf/f?6, ;flnd ld>L-;fn]k_, pQ/L cd]l/sfdf x'g] Ps lsl;dsf] ;"o{d'vLk"mn -h]?;n]d cfl6{rf]s_, ;v/v08 / o:t} h/f -?6;_/ ufgf -6\o"a;{_ x?Ù ;fj'bfgfsf] u'bL -;fuf] kLy_ .0714.10.00 –u'lnof] hftsf] Sof;fef sGb -dlgcf]s_0714.20.00 –;v/v080714.30.00 –t?nx? -l8cf]:sf]l/of hftx?_0714.40.00 –lk+8fn' -sf]nf]sfl;of hftx?_0714.50.00 –of}l;of -hfGyf];f]df hftx?_0714.90.00 –cGo08.01 gl/jn, j|flhng6, sfh', tfhf jf ;'s]sf], va6fkm'6fPsf] jf gkm'6fPsf], af]qmf tf5]sf] jf gtf5]sf] .–gl/jn M0801.19.00 ––tfhf8.03 KnfG6g hftsf -t/sf/Lsf] ?kdf k|of]u ul/g]_ s]/fx?nufot tfhf jf ;'sfOPsf s]/fx? .0803.10.00 –KnfG6g hftsf -t/sf/Lsf] ?kdf k|of]u ul/g]_ s]/fx?0803.90.00 –cGo08.04 vh"/ -5f]xf]8f_, cFhL/, e'FOs6x/, Pef]s]8f -gf:kftLh:tf] kmn_, cDaf, cf+k, DofËf]i6Lg, tfhf jf ;'s]sf] .52


0804.30.00 –e'O+s6x/0804.40.00 –Pef]s]8f]0804.50.00 –cDaf, cf+k DofËf]:6Lg -s';'d kmn_08.05 l;6/; -;'Gtnf hftsf_ kmn, tfhf jf ;'s]sf]_ .0805.10.00 –;'Gtnf0805.20.00 –dGbfl/g -6fGhl/g / ;t;'df ;d]t_Ù Sn]d]lG6g,ljNsLË / o:t} l;6/; hfltsf xfOla|8x? -a0f{;+s/_0805.40.00 –u]|kk|'m6 -ef]u6]_, kf]d]nf]; ;d]t0805.50.00 –sfutL -n]df]G;_ -l;6/; n]df]g, l;6/; lndf]gd_ /lhld/ -nfOD;_ -l;6/; cf}/fl06kmf]lnof, l;6/;nfl6kmf]lnof_ x?0805.90.00 –cGo08.06 tfhf cyjf ;'Vvf c+u'/ .0806.10.00 –tfhf08.07 t/a'hf -v/a'hf_ / d]jf tfhf .0807.11.00 ––jf6/d]nG;0807.19.00 ––cGo0807.20.00 –d]jf–t/a"h -d]nG;_ -jf6/d]nG;;d]t_ M08.08 :ofp, gf;kftL, lSjG; -gf;kftL h:tf] cldnf] kmn jf>Lkmn_, tfhf .0808.10.00 –:ofp0808.30.00 –gf;kftLx?0808.40.00 –lSjG; ->Lkmn_x?08.09 v'kf{gL -Plk|sf]6_, r]/L -k}o'+kmn_, cf? -g]S6fl/gcf?;d]t_, cfn'av/f -Knd_ / r'qf] -:nf]_, tfhf .0809.10.00 –v'kf{gL -Plk|sf]6_–r]/Lx?M0809.21.00 ––cldnf] r]/L -k|'g;\ ;]/f;;\_ x?0809.29.00 ––cGo53


0809.30.00 –cf?, g]S6fl/g cf?;d]t0809.40.00 –cfn'av8f -Knd_ / r'qf] -:nf]_08.10 cGo kmn, tfhf .0810.10.00 –:6«j/L -e"O+ P};]n', sfkmn_0810.20.00 –/}:ka]/L -P]+;]n'_, ANofsa]/L -WofDk] P]+;]n'_, dna]/L-lsDa'_ / nf]ufga]/L -/}:ka]/L / ANofsa]/Lsf] ldl>tkmn_0810.30.00 –sfnf], ;]tf] jf /ftf] ls;ld; jf bfv jf d'gSsf-s/\cG6_ / u";\a]/Lx?0810.40.00 –qm]ga]/L, lana]/L / cGo EoflS;lgod hfltsf kmnx?0810.50.00 –lslj k|'m6 (Kiwifruit)0810.60.00 –b'/fd| -8'l/oG;_ x?0810.70.00 –xn'jfa]tx?0810.90.00 –cGo09.01 skmL e'6]sf] jf ge'6]sf] jf SofkmLg -skmLsf] If]/f]b_5'6\ofPs]f jf g5'6\ofPs]fÙ skmLsf] 9'6f] / af]qmfÙ s'g}klg cg'kftdf skmLsf] dfqf /x]sf] skmLsf] abnfdfk|of]u ul/g] csf]{ s'g} rLh .–ge'6]sf] skmL M0901.11.00 ––skmLsf] u]8f09.02 lrof, ;'ulGwt jf :jflbi6 ul/Psf] jf gul/Psf] .0902.20.00 –lrofsf] kft09.08 hfOkmn, hfOkqL / cn}+rL .–cn}+rL tyf ;'s'd]nx?M––gw'NofOPsf]M0908.31.10 –––cn}+rL09.10 cb'jf, s]z/, xn]bf] -a];f/_, t]hkft, k'lbgf, t/sf/Lsf]-s/L_ / cGo d;nfx? .–cb'jfM––g6'qmfOPsf] jf glkFw]sf]M54


0910.11.10 –––tfhf0910.11.90 –––cGo–a];f/M0910.30.10 ––tfhf0910.30.20 ––w'nf] jf lk7f]0910.30.90 ––cGo10.01 ux'+ / d];lng .–b'?d ux'+M1001.11.00 ––aLpm1001.19.00 ––cGo–cGo M1001.91.00 ––aLpm1001.99.00 ––cGo10.02 /fO{ .1002.10.00 –aLpm1002.90.00 –cGo10.03 hf}+ -afnL{_1003.10.00 –aLpm1003.90.00 –cGo10.05 ds}+ .1005.10.00 –aLpm -u]8f_1005.90.00 –cGo10.06 wfg .1006.10.00 –wfg1006.20.00 –s'6]sf] -t/ /fd|f] gkmn]sf]_1006.30.00 –kfln; jf rDsg] u/]sf] jf gu/]sf] s'6]/ tof/ u/]sf]rfdn1006.40.00 slgsf55


10.08 kmfk/, sf]bf], Sofg/Lsf bfgfx?Ù c? vfBfGgx? .1008.10.00 –kmfk/–sf]bf]M1008.21.00 ––aLpm1008.29.00 ––cGo11.02 uxF' / d];lng afx]s cGo vfBfGgsf] lk7f] .1102.20.00 –ds}sf] lk7f]1102.90.00 –cGo11.03 1103.11.00 ––ux'Fsf] cfF6f11.04 zLif{s !)=)^ sf] rfdn afx]s cGo k|sf/n] tof/ul/Psf] -h:t} e"; x6fOPsf], r]K6\ofPsf], RofFVnfkf/]sf], kmn]sf], 6'qmf kf/]sf] jf v;|f] -lk+w]sf]_Ù l;Ëf],r]K6\ofPsf], kftnf] r]K6f] 6'qmf kf/]sf] jf lk+w]sf] cGgsf]aLhx? .1104.12.00 ––h'g]nf]sf]–r]K6\ofPsf] jf Rof+Vnf kf/]sf] cGgM1104.19.00 ––cGo vfBfGgsf]1104.22.00 ––h'g]nf]sf]1104.23.00 ––ds}sf]–cGo lsl;dn] tof/ kf/]sf] cGg -h:t} e"; x6fPsf],kmn]sf], 6'qmf kf/]sf] jf lk+w]sf]_M1104.29.00 ––cGo vfBfGgsf]1104.30.00 –cGgsf] jLhf0f', l;Ë}, r]K6\ofPsf], Rof+Vnf kf/]sf] jflk+w]sf]12.01 bn]sf] jf gbn]sf] e6\df;1201.10.00 –aLpm1201.90.00 –cGo12.02 5f]8fPsf] jf g5f]8fPsf], ge'6]sf] jf cGo lsl;daf6gksfOPsf], vj6f 5f]8fPsf] jf g5f]8fPsf], k'm6fPsf]jf gk'm6fPsf] abfd -d'dkmnL_ .1202.30.00 –aLpm56


–cGo1202.41.00 ––g5f]8fPsf]1202.42.00 ––5f]8fPsf], k'm6fPsf] jf gk'm6fPsf]12.09 /f]Kg x'g] kmnk"mn, aLpm / ljhf0f' -:kf];{_ .1209.10.00 –r'sGb/ -;'u/lj6_ sf bfgfx?–kz' cfxf/sf] lj?jf -kmf]/]h Knf06_ sf bfgfx?M1209.21.00 ––n'l;l/g -kz' cfxf/sf] 3fF;_ -cNkmfNkmf_ sf bfgfx?1209.22.00 ––Snf]e/ -tLg kft] 3fF;_ -l6«kmf]lnod hftx?_ sfbfgfx?1209.23.00 ––5]:s] 3fF; -k]m:So"_ sf bfgfx?1209.24.00 ––s]G6sL gLnf] 3fF; -kf]cf k|f6]lG;; PNf=_ sf bfgfx?1209.25.00 ––/fO{ 3fF; -nf]lnod dlN6km\nf]/d Nofd=, nf]lnod k]/]gPn=_ sf bfgfx?1209.29.00 ––cGo1209.30.00 –k"mnsf] lglDt d'VotM v]tL ul/Psf] hl8a'6Lsf cGoaLpmx?–cGo1209.91.00 ––jg:kltsf aLp1209.99.00 ––cGo12.11 d'VotM ;'ulGwt j:t' agfpg], cf}iflw agfpg] jfsL6gfifs cf}iflw agfpg] jf o:t} k|of]hgsf nfluk|of]u x'g] vfnsf], tfhf, ;'s]sf], sfl6Psf] jfgsfl6Psf], lk+w]sf] jf glk+w]sf] jf w"nf] kfl/Psf] jfgkfl/Psf] lj?jf / lj?jfsf cËx? -aLof+ /kmn;d]t_ .1211.20.00 –hLg;]gsf] h/f1211.30.00 –sf]sfsf] kft -sf]sf lnkm_1211.40.00 –clkmdsf] k/fn -kkL :6«f}+_1211.90.00 –cGo57


12.12 tfhf, lr:ofOPsf] -lrN8_, lxdLs[t, -k|mf]h]g_ jf;'sfOPsf], lk+w]sf] jf glk+w]sf] nf]si6 laG;, l;– lj8\;/ cGo cNhL -;d'Gb«L ´f/_, r'sGb/ -;'u/la6_ / pv'ÙcGoq pNn]v jf ;dfa]z gePsf d'Votof dfgjcfxf/df k|of]u x'g] vfnsf] kmnsf] ljof+ -:6f]G;_ /sf]ofx? -s]g]{n_ / cGo afg:klts pTkfbgx?-lrsf]/Lod OG6fOa; :ol6jd pkhflt -e]/fO6L_ sf]ge'6]sf] lrsf]/Lsf h/fx? ;d]t_ .–cGo M1212.93.00 ––pv'19.04 vfBfGgnfO{ k'mnfP/ -:j}lnË_ jf e'6]/ tof/ u/]sf] vfB;fdu|L, vfBfGgsf] pTkfbgx? -h:t} sg{ ˆn]s_Ù cGoqpNn]v gul/Psf] jf ;dfj]z gePsf], ksfOPsf] jfcGo lsl;daf6 tof/ ul/Psf] u]8f -u|]g_ sf] ?kdf jfzNs jf kfk|f -ˆn]ssf] ?kdf ePsf] vfBfGgx?-;]l/oN;_ -ds} afx]s_ jf cGo lsl;daf6 tof/ul/Psf] cGg -d}bf, 5f+6f jf bn]sf] cGg u|f]6\;_ / kL7f]afx]s_ .1904.90.00 –wfgsf] e'hf tyf lrp/f23.01 dflg;n] vfg gx'g] df;'sf] jf ckmnsf], df5fsf] jfs'i6fl;oG;sf] df]n:ssf] jf cGo 9f8df xf8 gx'g]hnr/sf] lk7f], d}bf / k]n]6;\Ù u|LE; -jf];f] kufn]/jf+sL /x]sf] y]u|f], df5fsf] rf/f]_ .2301.10.00 –df;' jf ckmnsf] lk7f], d}bf / k]n]6\;Ù u|LE; -jf];f]kufn]/ jf+sL /x]sf] y]u|f], df5fsf] jf];f]_2301.20.00 –df5fsf] jf s|'i6fl;oG;, df]n:s jf 9f8df xf8 gx'g]hnr/sf] lk7f], d}bf / k]n]6\;\23.02 vfBfGg jf bnxgsf] jf]6af6 lgkmg]/ jf lk+w]/ jf c?k|lqmofåf/f pknJw x'g] k]n]6sf] ?kdf /x]sf] jf g/x]sf]9'6f] cfpg] rf]s/ / cGo cjz]if .2302.10.00 –ds}sf]2302.30.00 –ux'+sf]2302.40.00 –cGo vfBfGgsf]2302.50.00 –sf];] ;fukftx?sf]58


23.04 2304.00.00 e6df;sf] t]n lgsfNbf k|fKt x'g] lkgf / cGo 7f];cjz]if, lk+w]sf] jf glk+w]sf] jf k]n]6sf] ?kdf ePsf] jfgePsf] .23.05 2305.00.00 abfdsf] t]n k]Nbf lg:s]sf], lk+w]sf] jf glk+w]sf], k]n]6sf]?kdf ePsf] jf gePsf] lkgf / cGo 7f]; cjz]if .23.06 jg:kltsf] jf];f] jf t]n lgsfNbf k|fKt x'g] zLif{s@#=)$ jf @#=)% df k/]sf] afx]s lk+w]sf] jf glk+w]sf],k]n]6sf] ?kdf ePsf] jf gePsf] lkgf / cGo 7f];cjz]if .–tf]/L jf /fof] -/]k cf}/ sf]Nhf_ bfgfM2306.41.00 ––Go"g O?l;s cDn tf]/L jf /fof] -/]k cf}/ sf]Nhf_bfgfx? -l;8\;2306.90.00 –cGo23.09 hLjhGt'sf] cfxf/sf] ?kdf k|of]u x'g] tof/L j:t' .2309.90.00 –cGo52.01 5201.00.00 gkm8\s]sf] jf gsf]/]sf] skf; .52.03 5203.00.00 km8\s]sf] jf sf]/]sf] skf;53.01 sRrf jf k|zf]lwt gsft]sf] ˆNofS; -;g jf To:t}´f/_Ù ˆNofS; jf ;gsf] lz/f]u'R5 -6f]_ 8f]/L / cjz]if-wfuf]sf] cjz]if / ufg]{6]8 :6s ;d]t_ .5301.10.00 –ˆNofS;, -;g_ sRrf jf /]zf 5'6\ofpg kfgLdf8'afPsf] -/]6]8\_–ˆNofS; r'6]sf], 8f+7af6 /]zf 5'6\ofOPsf], sf]/]sf]-a|f]s]g, :sR8, x\ofsN8_ jf c? lsl;dn] k|zf]wgu/]sf], t/ gsft]sf] M5301.21.00 ––r'6]sf] jf 8f+7af6 /]zf 5'6\ofOPsf] -a|f]s]g, :sR8_5301.29.00 ––cGo5301.30.00 –ˆNofS;sf] lz/f]u'R5 -6f]_ / cjz]if53.03 sRrf jf k|zf]lwt, t/ gsft]sf], ;gkf6 -h"6_ / cGonlrnf] /]zf ePsf] af]qmf -af:6_ sf] sk8fsf /]zf-;g, uf+hf, ef+u, 3f]§f / /]dL afx]s_Ù oL /]zfx?sf]lz/f]u'R5 -6f]_ / cjz]if -wfuf]sf] cjz]if / ufg]{6]8:6s ;d]t_ .59


5303.10.00 –sf+rf] jf kfgLdf 8'afP/ -/]6]8\_ s'xfPsf] ;gkf6 /cGo nlrnf] /]zf ePsf] af]qmf -afi6_ sf] sk8fsf] /]zf• dfly pNn]lvt eG;f/ zLif{s )^=)! b]lv zLif{s )*=!) ;Ddsf dfnj:t'x?xf]6n, /]i6'/]06, af/, u]i6xfp;, Sofˆ6]l/of jf o:t} cGo ;+:yfn] ug]{ cfk"lt{dfd"=c= s/ 5'6 x'g]5}g .• ;f]ofa8L d:of}/f• ls;fgn] laqmL ug]{ ck|zf]lwt ;'tL{ .;d"x M @ cfwf/e"t cfjZostfsf j:t'x?25.01 g"g -efG;fdf k|of]u x'g] -6]jn_ g"g / ljs[t-l8g]r8{_ g"g ;d]t_ / ´f]n kbfy{ ePsf] jf gePsf]jf hDg] kbfy{ -P06Ls]lsË_ jf lk|m ˆnf]OË Ph]06 ePsf]z'4 ;f]l8Pd Snf]/fO8Ù ;fd'lb«s kfgL .2501.00.90 –g"g27.10 sRrf -qm'8_ afx]s k]6«f]lnod t]n / la6'ldg vlghaf6k|fKt t]nÙ tf}ndf &) k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf a9Lk]6«f]lnod t]n jf la6'ldg vlghaf6 k|fKt t]n ePsf,log} t]n g} d'Vo 36s -a]l;s slG:6Ro"P06\;_ ePsf,cGoq ;dfj]z jf lglb{i6 gul/Psf tof/L j:t'x?-lk|k/];G;_Ù /2L t]nx? -j]i6 cfoN;_ .–k]6«f]lnod t]nx¿ / lj6'ldg vlghx¿af6 k|fKtt]nx¿ -sRrf t]n afx]s_ tyf cGoq lglb{i6 jf;dfj]z gePsf, tf}nsf] lx;fjn] &) k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L k]6«f]lnod t]nx¿ jf lj'6ldg vlghaf6 k|fKtt]nx¿ ePsf], log} t]nx¿ d'Vo 36s -a]l;sslG:6\Ro"P06_ ePsf tof/L j:t'x¿ -lk|k/];G;_, h}ljsl8h]n ePsf afx]s / /2L t]n -j]i6 cfoNf_ x? afx]sM2710.19.10 –––d§Lt]n -;'k]l/c/ ls/f]l;g cfon_27.16 2716.00.00 ljB't zlQm -P]lR5s zLif{s_ .44.01 afNg] bfp/f, d'9f, lr/]sf] df]6f] 6'qmf -ljn]6_, xf+uflj+uf jf bfp/fsf] afw]sf] lj6f], jf o:t} ?kdfÙ sf7sfrf]O6frf]O6L jf dl;gf 6'qmf6fqmL -kfl6{sn_Ù sf7lr/]sf] w"nf], sf7sf] cjz]if, /2L j:t', d'9f], lj|s]6-lyr]/ agfOPsf] rSsf_, k]n]6 -d6\ofË|f_ jf o:t} ?kdfPslqt ul/Psf] jf gul/Psf] .4401.10.00 –afNg] bfp/f, d'9f, lr/]sf] df]6f] 6'qmf -ljn]6_, xf+ufljuf, bfp/fsf] lj6f] jf o:t} ?kdf60


44.02 Pslqt ul/Psf] jf gul/Psf] sf7sf] uf]n, vj6f-z]n_ sf] jf ljof+ -g6_ sf] uf]n ;d]t .4402.10.00 –afF;sf]4402.90.00 –cGo• wf/f tyf 6]Í/af6 v'nf ?kdf cfk"lt{ x'g] lkpg] kfgL .;d"x M # hLjhGt' tyf ;f] sf] pkh01.02 hLljt rf}kfof -af]efOg_ .–uf]hftLo rf}kfofM0102.21.00 ––gZn ;'wf/sf nflu ljz'Wb gZnsf0102.29.00 ––cGo–e}+;LM0102.31.00 ––gZn ;'wf/sf nflu ljz'Wb gZnsf0102.39.00 ––cGo0102.90.00 –cGo01.03 hLljt ;'+u'/ .0103.10.00 –gZn ;'wf/sf nflu ljz'4 gZnsf–cGo M0103.91.00 ––%) s]hL eGbf sd jhgsf]0103.92.00 ––%) s]hL jf ;f] eGbf a9L jhg ePsf]01.04 hLljt e]8f / afv|f .0104.10.00 –e]8f0104.20.00 –afv|f01.05 hLjLt s'v'/f cyf{t, Uofn'; 8f]d]li6s;\ hftsf s'v'/f,xf+;, 6sL{ / lugL kmfpn .–!% u|fd eGbf a9L jhg gePsfM0105.11.00 ––Uofn'; 8f]d]li6s; hftsf r/fx? (Fowl)0105.12.00 ––6sL{x? -kftfn do"/_0105.13.00 ––xfF; -8s_ x?0105.14.00 ––xfF; -luh_ x?61


0105.15.00 ––lulghftsf r/fx?–cGoM0105.94.00 ––Uofn'; 8f]d]li6s; hftsf r/fx?0105.99.00 ––cGo01.06 cGo hLljt hLjhGt' .–:tgkfoL M0106.14.00 ––v/fof]x?0106.19.00 ––cGo–r/fx?M0106.33.00 ––;'t'/d'u{ -cli6«r_ x? -8«f]dfp; gf]efxf]NnflG8of_–ls/fx?M0106.41.00 ––dfx'/Lx?–ls/fx?M0106.90.00 –cGo02.01 rf}kfof -jf]efOg hfltsf]_ tfhf jf lr;f] kf/]sf] -k«]m;jf lrN8_ df;' .0201.10.00 –l;+uf] / cfwf z/L/x? -s/sf; / xfkm s/sf;_0201.20.00 –xf8 ;lxtsf] cGo 6'qmfx?0201.30.00 –xf8 gePsf]02.02 rf}kfof -af]efOg hfltsf]_ lxdLs[t -k«mf]h]g_ df;' .0202.10.00 –l;+uf] / cfwf z/L/ -s/sf; / xfkm s/sf;_0202.20.00 –xf8 ;lxtsf] cGo 6'qmfx?0202.30.00 –xf8 gePsf]02.03 ;'+u'/sf] df;' tfhf, lr;f] kf/]sf] jf lxdLs[t -k«m];,lrN8 jf k|mf]h]g_ .–tfhf jf lr;f] kf/]sf] M0203.11.00 ––l;+uf] / cfwf z/L/x? -s/sf; / xfkm s/sf;_0203.12.00 ––xf8 ;lxtsf] cufl8 / k5fl8sf ;f+k|fx? / ;f+k|faf6sfl6Psf cGo 6'qmfx?62


0203.19.00 ––cGo–lxdLs[t -k«mf]h]g_ M0203.21.00 ––l;+uf] / cfwf z/L/x? -s/sf; / xfkm s/sf;_0203.22.00 ––xf8 ;lxtsf] cufl8 / k5fl8sf ;f+k|fx? / ;f+k|faf6sfl6Psf cGo 6'qmfx?0203.29.00 ––cGo02.04 e]8f jf v;L af]sfsf] tfhf, lr;f] kf/]sf] jf lxdLs[tdf;' .0204.10.00 –e]8f -kf7f]_ sf] tfhf jf lr;f] kf/]sf] l;+uf] / cfwfz/L/x? -s/sf; / xfkm s/sf;_–e]8fsf] tfhf jf lr;f] cGo df;'M0204.21.00 ––l;+uf] / cfwf z/L/x? -s/sf; / xfkm s/sf;_0204.22.00 ––xf8;lxtsf] cGo 6'qmf0204.23.00 ––xf8 gePsf]0204.30.00 –e]8f -kf7f]_ sf] lxdLs[t -k«mf]h]g_ l;+uf] / cfwfz/L/x? -s/sf; / xfkm s/sf;_–lxdLs[t -k«mf]h]g_ ul/Psf e]8fsf cGo df;'M0204.41.00 ––l;+uf] / cfwf z/L/x? -s/sf; / xfkms/sf;_0204.42.00 ––xf8;lxtsf] cGo 6'qmfx?0204.43.00 ––xf8 gePsf]0204.50.00 –v;L af]sfsf] df;'02.06 rf}kfof hLjhGt', -af]efOg_, ;'+u'/, e]8f, v;L afv«f,3f]8f, uwf, vRr/ jf lxlghx?sf] tfhf, lr;f] kf/]sf]jf lxdLs[t -k«mf]h]g_ vfg x'g] sd;n df;' -Ol8a'nckmn_ .0206.10.00 –rf}kfof -af]efOg_ hLjhGt'sf] tfhf / lr;f]0206.21.00 ––hLa|f]0206.22.00 ––sn]hf]0206.29.00 ––cGo–rf}kfof hLjhGt' -af]efOg_ sf] lxdLs[t -k«mf]h]g_M63


0206.30.00 –;'+u'/sf] tfhf / lr;f] kf/]sf]0206.41.00 ––sn]hf]0206.49.00 ––cGo–;'+u'/sf] lxdLs[t -k«mf]h]g_ M0206.80.00 –cGo tfhf jf lr;f] kf/]sf]0206.90.00 –cGo lxdLs[t -k«mf]h]g_02.07 ;s]t )!=)% sf] s'v'/fsf] tfhf, lr;f] kf/]sf] jflxdLs[t df;' / vfg x'g] ckmn .–Uofn'; 8f]d]li6s; hftsf r/fx? -kmfpn_ sf]M0207.11.00 ––6'qmf gkfl/Psf] -l;+uf]_, tfhf jf lr;f] kfl/Psf -k|]m;jf lrN8_0207.12.00 ––6'qmf gkfl/Psf] -l;+uf]_, lxdLs[t -k|mf]h]g_0207.13.00 ––tfhf jf lr:ofOPsf -k|]m; jf lrN8_ 6'qmf / cjz]if-s6\; P08 cf]kmfn_0207.14.00 ––lxdLs[t -k|mf]h]g_ 6'qmf / cjz]if -cf]kmfn_–6sL{x?sf] M0207.24.00 ––6'qmf gkfl/Psf] -l;+uf]_, tfhf jf lr:ofOPsf] -k|m]; jflrN8_0207.25.00 ––6'qmf gkfl/Psf] -l;+uf]_, lxdLs[t -k|mf]h]g_0207.26.00 ––tfhf jf lr:ofOPsf 6'qmf / cjz]if -s6\; P08cf]kmfn_0207.27.00 ––lxdLs[t -k|mf]h]g_ 6'qmf / cjz]if -s6\; P08cf]kmfn_–xfF; -8s_ x?sf]M0207.41.00 ––6'qmf gkfl/Psf] -l;+uf]_, tfhf jf lr:ofOPsf] -k]|m; jflrN8_0207.42.00 ––6'qmf gkfl/Psf] -l;+uf]_, lxdLs[t -k|mf]hg_0207.43.00 ––tfhf jf lr:ofOPsf af];f]o'Qm sn]hf] -ˆof6L lne/_x?0207.44.00 ––cGo, tfhf jf lr:ofOPsf] -k|m]; jf lrN8_0207.45.00 ––cGo, lxdLs[t -k|mf]hg_64


–x+f; -uLh_ x?sf]M0207.51.00 ––6'qmf gkfl/Psf] -l;+uf]_, tfhf jf lr:ofOPsf] -k]|m; jflrN8_0207.52.00 ––6'qmf gkfl/Psf] -l;+uf]_, lxdLs[t -k|mf]hg_0207.53.00 ––tfhf jf lr:ofOPsf af];f]o'Qm sn]hf] -ˆof6L lne/_x?0207.54.00 ––cGo, tfhf jf lr:ofOPsf] -k|m]; jf lrN8_0207.55.00 ––cGo, lxdLs[t -k|mf]hg_0207.60.00 –lugL hftsf r/fx?sf]03.01 hLljt df5f .–cfnªsfl/s df5f M0301.11.00 ––tfhf kfgLsf]0301.19.00 ––cGo–cGo hLljt df5f M0301.91.00 ––6«fp6 -;fNdf] 6«6f, cÍf]l/Í; dfOls;, cÍf]l/Í;SnfsL{, cÍf]l/Í; cSjfaf]lg6f, cÍf]l/Í; lunfP,cÍf]l/Í; ckfr] / cÍf]l/Í; qmfO;f]sfi6/_0301.92.00 ––afd0301.93.00 ––sfk{ -;fOlk|g; sflk{cf], Sof/fl;c; Sof/fl;c;,;]gf]kmfl/Ëf]8f]g Ol8n;, xfOkf]ˆyflNdlRy; hftx?,l;lx{g; hftx?, dfOnf]kmfl/Ëf]8f]g lkl;c;_0301.94.00 ––P6nflG6s / Kofl;lkms An'lkmg 6'gfx? -y'g';yfOg;, y'g'; cf]l/oG6fln;_0301.95.00 ––blIf0fL An'lkmg 6'gf; -y'g; Dofsf]O{_0301.99.00 ––cGo03.02 zLif{s )#=)$ sf] df5fsf] lkmn]6 / c? k|sf/sf] df;'afx]ssf] tfhf jf lr;f] kf/]sf] df5f .–df5f -;fNdf]gfO8_, k'mn / sn]hf] afx]s M0302.11.00 ––6«fp6 -;fNdf] 6«6f, cÍf]l/Í; dfOls;, cÍf]l/Í;SnfsL{, cÍf]ol/Í; cSjfaf]lg6f, cÍf]l/Í; lunfP,cÍf]l/Í; ckfr] / cÍf]l/Í; qmfO;f]u]i6/_65


0302.13.00 ––Kofl;lkms ;fndf]g -cÍf]l/Í; g]sf{, cÍf]l/Í;uf]a'{zf, cÍf]l/Í; s]6f, cÍf]l/Í; lZRjTzf, cÍf]l/Í;ls;'r, cÍf]l/Í; d;f]p / cÍf]l/Í; /8'/;_0302.14.00 ––P6nfl06s ;fNdf]g -;fNdf] ;fnf/_ / 8fGo"a ;fndf]g-x"rf] x'rf]_0302.19.00 ––cGo0302.21.00 ––xflna'60302.22.00 ––Kn]O;0302.23.00 ––;f]n]–r]K6f] df5f, k'mn / sn]hf] afx]sM0302.24.00 ––6af]{6\x? -;]§f d]lS;df_0302.29.00 ––cGo–sn]hf] / k'mnafx]ssf] 6'gf :sLkHofs, :6«fOk a]ln8af]lgtf] df5f M0302.31.00 ––cNafsf]/ jf nfdf] kv]6f ePsf] 6'gf0302.32.00 ––kx]nf] kv]6f ePsf] 6'gf0302.39.00 ––cGo–sn]hf] / km'nx? afx]s x]l/ª\x? -lxn;f_ -Sn'lkofx]/]Gu;,Sn'lkof kNnf;L_, PÍf]leh -Oªu|fln; hftx?_,;fl8{gx? -;fl8{gf lkNsf8{:\f, ;fl8{gf]k hftx?_,;fl8{g]nf -;fl8{g]nf hftx?_, la|;lng jf :k|f6x?-:k|f6; :k|f6;_, Dofs/]n -:sDa/ :sDa|;, :sDa/c:6«]nfl;s;, :sDa/ hfkf]lgs;_, Hofs / xif{Dofs/]n -6«fr'?; hftx?_, sf]laof -/fls;]G6«f]gsfgf8d_ / ;f]8{lkm; -lhlkmof; Unfl8c;_M0302.41.00 ––x]l/ª\x? -Sn'lkof x]/]Gu;, Sn'lkof kNnf;L_0302.42.00 ––PÍf]lex? -Oªu|fln; hftx?_0302.43.00 ––;fl8{gx? -;fl8{gf lkNsf8{:\f, ;fl8{gf]k hftx?_;fl8{g]nf -;fl8{g]nf hftx?_, la|;lng jf :k|f6;-:k|f6; :k|f6;_0302.44.00 ––Dofs/]n -:sDa/ :sDa|;, :sDa/ c:6«]nfl;s;,:sDa/ hfkf]lgs;_0302.45.00 ––Hofs / xif{ Dofs/]n -6«fr'?; hftx?_66


0302.46.00 ––sf]lAfcf -/fls;]G6«f]g sfgf8d_0302.47.00 ––;f]8{lkm; -lhlkmof; Unfl8c;_–sn]hf] / km'nx? afx]s a|]Udfl;/f]6fO8fO,o'lSnRyfO8fO, ufl88fO, Dofqmf]p/fO8fO,d]nfgf]gfO8fO, dn'{l:;8fO, df]l/8fO / d'/fOgf]n]lkl88fOkl/jf/x?sf df5fM0302.51.00 ––s8 -Uof8'; d/x'cf, Uof8'; cf]Uofs, Uof8';Dofqmf]l;kmfn;_0302.52.00 ––X\of8\8s -d]nfgf]u|fd; PUn]lkmg;_0302.53.00 ––sf]nlkm; -kf]nflsc; le/]G;_0302.54.00 ––x]s -dn'{l;c; hftx?,o"/f]lkml;; hftx?_0302.55.00 ––cnf:sf kf]nfs -ly/]u|f sfNsf]u|fdf_0302.56.00 ––An' XjfOl6ªx? -dfOqmf]d]l;:6; kf]6f;',dfOqmf]d]l;:6; c:6«fln;_0302.59.00 ––cGo–sn]hf] / km'nx? afx]s, ltnflkofx? -cf]/]cf]qmf]ld;hftx?_, Sof6lkm; -KofËfl;c; hftx?, l;n'/;hftx?, Snfl/c; hftx?, OS6fn'/; hftx?_, sfk{-;fOlk|g; sflk{of], Sof/fl;o; Sof/fl;o;,;]gf]kmfl/Ëf]8f]g O8]n;, xfOkf]ˆyflNdlRy; hftx?,l;lx{g; hftx?, dfOnf]kmfl/Ëf]8f]g lkl;c;_, afd -On_x? -PË'Onf hftx?_, gfOn kr{ -Nof6]; lgnf]l6s;_ /:g]sx]8\x? -rfGgf hftx?_ M0302.71.00 ––ltnflkofx? -cf]/]cf]qmf]ld; hftx?_,0302.72.00 ––Sof6lkm; -KofËfl;c; hftx?, l;n'/; hftx?,Snfl/c; hftx?, OS6fn'/; hftx?_0302.73.00 ––sfk{ -;fOlk|g; sflk{of], Sof/fl;o; Sof/fl;o;,;]gf]kmfl/Ëf]8f]g O8]n;, xfOkf]ˆyflNdlRy; hftx?,l;lx{g; hftx?, dfOnf]kmfl/Ëf]8f]g lkl;c;_,0302.74.00 ––afd -ONf_ x? -PË'Onf hftx?_0302.79.00 ––cGo–sn]hf] / km'nx? afx]s cGo df5f M0302.81.00 ––8ulkm; / cGo ;fs{x?67


0302.82.00 ––/]O / :s]6x? -/]lh8fP_0302.83.00 ––6"ylkm; -l8;f]l:6s; hftx?_0302.84.00 ––l;af; -l8;]G6«f/s; hftx?_0302.85.00 ––l;la|d-:k]l/8fO_0302.89.00 ––cGo03.03 zLif{s )#=)$ sf] df5fsf] lkmn]6 / c? k|sf/sf] df;'afx]ssf] lxdLs[t ul/Psf] df5f .–sn]hf] / k'mnx? afx]ssf] ;fNdf]gL8fO M0303.11.00 ––zs cfO{ ;fndf]g -/]8 ;fndf]g_ -cf]Íf]l/Í; g]sf{_0303.12.00 ––cGo Kofl;lkms ;fNdf]g -cÍf]l/Í; uf]a'{;f, cÍf]l/Í;s]6f, cÍf]l/Í; zfljTrf, cÍf]l/Í; ls;'r, cÍf]l/Í;df;f]p tyf cÍf]l/Í; /f]8'/;_0303.13.00 ––P6nflG6s ;fNdf]g -;fNdf] ;fnf/_ / 8\ofGo'j;fNdf]g -x'rf] x'rf]_0303.14.00 ––6«fp6 -;fNdf] 6«6f, cÍf]l/Í; dfOls;, cÍf]l/Í;SnfsL{, cÍf]l/Í; cSjfaf]lg6f, cÍf]l/Í; lunfO{,cÍf]l/Í; ckfr] / cÍf]l/Í; qmfO;f]u]i6/_0303.19.00 ––cGo–sn]hf] / km'nx? afx]ssf ltnflkofx? -cf]/]cf]qmf]ld;hftx?_, Sof6lkm; -KofËfl;c; hftx?, l;n'/;hftx?, Snfl/c; hftx?, OS6fn'/; hftx?_, sfk{-;fOlk|g; sflk{of], Sof/fl;c; Sof/fl;c;,;]gf]kmfl/Ëf]8f]g O8]n;, xfOkf]ˆyflNdlRy; hftx?,l;lx{g; hftx?, dfOnf]kmfl/Ëf]8f]g lkl;c;_, afd-On_ x? -PË'Onf hftx?_, gfOn kr{ -Nof6];lgnf]l6s;_ / :g]sx]8\x? -rfGgf hftx?_ M0303.23.00 ––ltnflkofx?-cf]/]cf]qmf]ld; hftx?_0303.24.00 ––Sof6lkm; -KofËfl;c; hftx?, l;n'/; hftx?,Snfl/c; hftx?, OS6fn'/; hftx?_0303.25.00 ––sfk{ -;fOlk|g; sflk{of], Sof/fl;c; Sof/fl;c;,;]gf]kmfl/Ëf]8f]g O8]n;, xfOkf]ˆyflNdlRy; hftx?,l;lx{g; hftx?, dfOnf]kmfl/Ëf]8f]g lkl;c;_0303.26.00 ––afd -ONf_ x? -PË'Onf hftx?_68


0303.29.00 ––cGo0303.31.00 ––xlna'60303.32.00 ––Kn]O;0303.33.00 ––;f]n]–r]K6f] df5f, k'mn / sn]hf]afx]sM0303.34.00 ––6af]{6\x?-;]§f d]lS;df, :sf]kmyflNd8fO_0303.39.00 ––cGo–sn]hf] / k'mnafx]s 6'gfh, :sLkHofs, :6«fOk–a]ln8af]lgtf] df5f M0303.41.00 ––cNafsf]/ jf nfdf] kv]6f ePsf] 6'gf0303.42.00 ––kx]nf] kv]6f ePsf] 6'gf0303.43.00 ––:sLkHofs jf :6«fOk j]ln8 af]lgtf]0303.44.00 ––ljucfO{ t'gf -t'g'; cf]a];;_0303.45.00 ––P6nflG6s / Kofl;lkms An'lkmg 6'gfx? -y'g';yfOg;, y'g'; cf]l/oG6fln;_0303.46.00 ––blIf0fL An'lkmg t'gf -t'g'; DofOsf]cfO{_0303.49.00 ––cGo–sn]hf] / km'nx? afx]ssf x]l/ªx? -Sn'lkofx]/]Gu;,Sn'lkof kNnf;L_, ;fl8{gx? -;fl8{gf lkNsf8{:\f,;fl8{gf]k hftx?_, ;fl8{g]nf -;fl8{g]nf hftx?_,la|;lng jf :k|f6; -:k|f6; :k|f6;_, Dofs/]n-:sDa/ :sDa|;, :sDa/ c:6«]nfl;s;, :sDa/hfkf]lgs;_, Hofs / xif{ Dofs/]n-6«fr'?; hftx?_,sf]laof -/fls;]G6«f]g sfgf8d_ / ;f]8{lkm; -lhlkmof;Unfl8c;_M0303.51.00 ––x]l/ªx? -Sn'lkof x]/]Ë;, Sn'lkof knf;L_0303.53.00 ––;fl8{gx? -;fl8{gf lkNsf8{:\f, ;fl8{gf]k hftx?_,;fl8{g]nf -;fl8{g]nf hftx?_, lj|;lnª jf :k|f6\;-:k|f6; :k|f6;_0303.54.00 ––Dofs/]n -:sDa/ :sDa|;, :sDa/ c:6«]nfl;s;,:sDa/ hfkf]lgs;_,0303.55.00 ––Hofs / xif{ Dofs/]n -6«fr'?; hftx?_,69


0303.56.00 ––sf]lAfcf -/fls;]G6«f]g sfgf8d_0303.57.00 ––;f]8{lkm; lhlkmof; Unfl8c;_–sn]hf] / km'nx? afx]ssf a|]Udfl;/f]6fO8fO,o'lSnRyfO8fO, ufl88fO, Dofqmf]p/fO8fO,d]nfgf]gfO8fO, dn'{l:;8fO, df]l/8fO / d'/fOgf]n]lkl88fOkl/jf/x?sf df5fM0303.63.00 ––s8 -Uof8'; d/x'cf, Uof8'; cf]Uofs, Uof8';Dofqmf]l;kmfn;_0303.64.00 ––X\of8\8s -d]nfgf]u|fd; PUn]lkmg;_0303.65.00 ––sf]nlkm; -kf]nflsc; le/]G;_0303.66.00 ––x]s -dn'{l;c; hftx?,o"/f]lkml;; hftx?_0303.67.00 ––cnf:sf kf]nfs -ly/]u|f sfNsf]u|fdf_0303.68.00 ––An' XjfOl6ªx? -dfOqmf]d]l;:6; kf]6f;',dfOqmf]d]l;:6; c:6«fln;_0303.69.00 ––cGo–sn]hf] / km'nx? afx]s, cGo df5fM0303.81.00 ––8ulkm; / cGo ;fs{x?0303.82.00 ––/]Ox? / :s]6x? -/flh8fO_0303.83.00 ––6"ylkm; -l8;f]l:6s; hftx?_0303.84.00 ––l;af; -l8;]G6«f/s; hftx?_0303.89.00 ––cGo03.05 ;'sfPsf], g'lgnf] kf/]sf] jf g"g kfgLdf xfn]sf], df5fÙw"ldt kf/]sf], w"ldt ug'{ cl3 jf w"ldt ubf{ kfs]sf] jfgkfs]sf]Ù df5fsf] vfg x'g] w"nf], lk7f] / Kofn]60305.59.00 ––cGo–df5fsf] vfgof]Uo sd;n df;' afx]s, ;'sfPsf] df5f,g"g xfn]sf] jf gxfn]sf] t/ w"ldt gu/]sf] M70


03.07 va6fleq ePsf] jf gePsf], hLljt, tfhf, lr;f]kfl/Psf], lxdLs[t, ;'sfPsf], g'lgnf] kfl/Psf] jf g"gkfgL xfn]sf] df]n:sx?Ù va6fleq ePsf] jf gePsf],w"ldt ug]{ qmddf jf ug'{cl3 ksfPsf] jf gksfPsf]w"ldt df]n:sx?Ù df]n:sx?sf dfgjLo pkef]usfnflu pko'Qm vfg x'g] kL7f], w"nf] / u'l6sf -k]n]6_x?.–s6n df5f -;'k]mgs_ / l:Sj8\ -Ps lsl;dsf] df5f_M0307.41.00 ––hLljt, tfhf jf lr;f] kf/]sf]0307.49.00 ––cGo04.01 b"w / t/, uf9f gkfl/Psf], lrgL jf cGo u'lnof] kbfy{gxflnPsf] .0401.10.00 –tf}ndf gf}gLsf] dfqf ! k|ltzt eGbf a9L gePsf]0401.20.00 –tf}ndf gf}gLsf] dfqf ! k|ltzt eGbf a9L t/ ^k|ltzteGbf sd ePsf]0401.40.00 –tf}ndf gf}gLsf] dfqf ^ k|ltzt eGbf a9L ePsf] t/!) k|ltzteGbf j9L gePsf]0401.50.00 –tf}ndf gf}gLsf] dfqf !) k|ltzteGbf a9L ePsf]04.06 rLh / bxL -s8{_ .0406.10.00 –tfhf -cw{ hd]sf] bxL jf k"/} hd]sf] bxL_ rLh x\j]rLh;d]t / bxL -s8{_04.07 tfhf, ;'/lIft jf ksfPsf], r/f r'?ËLsf] gk'm6fPsfk'mnx? .–rNnf sf]/Ngsf] nflu lgif]lrt km'nx?M0407.11.00 ––Uofn'; 8f]d]l:6s; k|hfltsf r/fx?sf]0407.19.00 ––cGo– cGo tfhf km'nx? M0407.21.00 ––Uofn'; 8f]d]l:6s; k|hfltsf r/fx?sf]0407.29.00 ––cGo0407.90.00 –cGo05.11 cGoq gk/]sf] hLjhGt'hGo pTkfbgx?Ù efu ! jf #df kg]{ df;' vfg gx'g] d/]sf hgfj/x? .71


–cGo M0511.91.00 ––df5f jf q'mi6fl;og, df]n:s jf c? ;fd'b«Ls hnr/-Oge/6La|]6\;_ sf pTkfbgx? / efu # sf] d/]sfhLjhGt'x?• dfly pNn]lvt eG;f/ zLif{s )!=)@ b]lv zLif{s )$=)& ;Ddsf dfnj:t'x?xf]6n, /]i6'/]06, af/, u]i6xfp;, Sofˆ6]l/of jf o:t} cGo ;+:yfn] ug]{ cfk"lt{dfd"=c= s/ 5'6 x'g]5}g .;d"x M $ s[lif ;fdu|Lx?31.01 3101.00.00 /f;folgs pkrf/ ul/Psf] jf gul/Psf] ldl>t jfcldl>t hLjhGt' jf jg:klthGo dnvfbx?ÙhLjhGt'hGo jf jg:klthGo kbfy{nfO{ ld>0f u/L jf/f;folgs pkrf/åf/f pTkfbg ul/Psf dnvfbx? .31.02 gfO6«f]hgo'Qm vlgh jf /f;folgs dnvfbx? .3102.10.00 –hnLo 3f]ndf ePsf] jf gePsf] o"/Lof–Pdf]lgod ;Nkm]6Ù Pdf]lgod ;Nkm]6 / Pdf]lgodgfO6«]6sf] ld>0f / 8jn ;fN6 -lAnj0f_ M3102.21.00 ––Pdf]lgod ;Nk]m63102.29.00 ––cGo3102.30.00 –hnLo 3f]ndf ePsf] jf gePsf] Pdf]lgod gfO6«]63102.40.00 –Pdf]lgod gfO6«]6sf ;fy SoflN;od sfaf]{g]6 jf cGock|f+ufl/s cpj{/s tTjx?sf ld>0fx?3102.50.00 –;f]l8od gfO6«]63102.60.00 –SoflN;od gfO6«]6 / Pdf]lgod gfO6]«6sf] ld>0fx? /lAnj0fx?3102.80.00 –o"l/of / Pdf]lgod gfO6«]6sf] hnLo jf Pdf]lgod3f]ndf ePsf ld>0fx?3102.90.00 –cGo, dflysf pk zLif{sx?df gk/]sf ld>0fx? ;d]t31.03 kmf]:km]6o'Qm vlgh jf /f;folgs dnx? .3103.10.00 –;'k/ kmf]:k]m6x?3103.90.00 –cGo31.04 kf]6f;o'Qm -kf]6fl;s_ vlgh jf /f;folgs dnx?3104.20.00 –kf]6fl;od Snf]/fO8\72


3104.30.00 –kf]6fl;od ;Nk]m63104.90.00 –cGo31.05 gfO6«f]hg, kmf]:km/; / kf]6fl;od dWo] b'O{ jf tLgpj{/s tTjx? ePsf vlgh jf /f;folgs dnvfbx?ÙcGo dnx?M o; efudf kg]{ uf]6L, -6]jn]6_ jf To:t}cfsf/sf jf s"n tf}n !) s]=hL= df ga9\g] u/L -Kofs]h_ k'lnGbfsf] ?kdf /flvPsf ;fdfgx? .3105.10.00 –o; efudf kg]{ uf]6L -6]jn]6_ jf To:t} cfsf/sf jfs"n tf}n !) s]=hL= df ga9\g] u/L k'lnGbfsf] ?kdf/flvPsf ;fdfgx?3105.20.00 –gfO6«f]hg, kmf]:km/; / kf]6fl;od h:tf tLg pj{/stTj ePsf vlgh jf /f;folgs dn -kml6{nfOh/_ x?3105.30.00 –8fOPdf]lgod xfO8«f]hgcyf]{ kmf]:km]6 -8fOPdf]lgodkmf]:km]6_3105.40.00 –Pdf]lgod 8fOxfO8«f]hg–cyf]{kmf]:km]6-df]gf]Pdf]lgodkmf]:km]6_ / To;sf] 8fOPdf]lgodxfO8«f]hg cyf]{kmf]:km]6-8fOPdf]lgod kmf]:km]6_ sf ;fyePsf ld>0fx?–b'O{ pj{/s tTj, gfO6«f]hg / kmf]:kmf]/; ePsf cGovlgh jf /f;folgs dnx? -kml6{nfOh/_ M3105.51.00 ––gfO6]«6\ / kmf]:k]m6\ ePsf3105.59.00 ––cGo3105.60.00 –b'O{ pj{/s tTj, kmf]:kmf]/; / kf]6fl;od ePsf vlghjf /f;folgs dnvfbx? -kml6{nfOh/x?_3105.90.00 –cGo38.08 sL6gfzs, s[tsfGts, 9';Lgfzs, emf/kftgfzs,c+s'/0f/f]wL -P]lG6:k|fpl6Ë_, pTkfbgx? / jg:klt a[l4lgofds -KnfG6 u|f]y /]u'n]6/_, lj;+qmfds / To:t}pTkfbgx?, v'b«f laqmLsf nflu cfsf/ jf k'lnGbf-KoflsË_ df /flvPsf] jf tof/L ;fdfg -lk|k]/]zg_ jfj:t' -cfl6{sn_ sf] ?kdf /flvPsf] -h:t}, uGwspkrf/ u/]sf wfuf] -Aof08_, ;n]bf] -ljS;_ tyfd}gaQL, / l´Ëf km;fpg] sfuh -ˆnfOk]k;{_ x?_ .–cGo M––ls6gfzs kbfy{x? -OG;]S6L;fO8\;_M73


3808.91.90 –––cGo3808.92.00 ––9';Lgfzs kbfy{x? -kmËL;fO8\;_3808.93.00 ––´f/kftgfzs-xla{;fO8\;_, c+s'/0f/f]wL-P06L:k|fpl6Ë_ pTkfbgx?3808.99.00 –cGo39.23 dfn;fdfgsf] cf];f/k;f/ -sGe]o]G;_ jf kl/j]i6g-Kofs_ ug]{ Knfli6ssf ;fdfgx?Ù Knfli6ssf kf}nf] jfj'hf] -:6f]k;{_ 9sgL -ln8\;_, lasf{x? -SofK;_ / cGoaGb ug]{ -Snf]h;{_ ;fdu|Lx? .3923.10.90 –c08f /fVg] qm]648.19 sfutsf], sfutuftfsf], sf]ifLo u2f -;]No"nf]h jfl8ª_sf] jf sf]ifLo /]zfsf hfnLx? -;]No"nf]h kmfOa/ j]A;_sf] 8Aaf -sf6f]{g_, afs; -aS;_, sGt'/ -s]z_, y}nf]-Aofu_ / cGo kl/j]i6g -KoflsË_ sf cfwfgkfqx?-sG6]g;{_Ù sfof{nox?, k;nx? jf o:t} 7fp+df k|of]ux'g] vfnsf, sfut jf sfutuftfsf l8Aaf ;+lrsf-aS;kmfOn_, kq yfnL -n]6/ 6]«_, / o:t} lsl;dsfj:t'x? .4819.10.00 –c08f /fVg] q]m656.08 8f]/L -6\jfOg_, nvfsL -s8]{h_ jf /:;f -/f]k_ sf uf+7f]kf/L agfOPsf -gf}6]8\_ hfnLM sk8f kbfy{sf] df5fsf]tof/L hfn / cGo tof/L hfnx? .–dfgj lgld{t sk8f a'lgg] -6]S;6fOn_ kbfy{sf;fdfgx?sf]M5608.11.00 ––df5fsf] tof/L hfnx?82.01 tnsf xft] cf}hf/x?M sf]bfnf], ;fe]n, u}tL, lks, xf]-vGg] ;fdfg_, km]fs{ / /]S; -a9fg]{_Ù aGr/f], v'kf{ h:tf]cf}hf/ -aLn x's_ / o:t} lrg]{ -x\o"OË_ cf}hf/x?Ùh'g;'s} lsl;dsf sndL sf6\g] s}+rL -;]Sof6;{ P08k|'g;{_Ù :sfOY; -b/}f}+tL_, l;sn -x+l;of+_, v'kL{-x]gfOkm_, ´f8L 5f+6\g] s}+rL -x]h l;o;{_, lsnf] jfkRr8 -l6Dj/j]h_ / s[lif, jfujfgL jf jghËnsf]sfddf k|of]u x'g] cGo cf}hf/x? .8201.10.00 –sf]bfnf] / ;fe]n8201.30.00 –u}+tL, lks, xf] -vGg] ;fdfg_ / /]s -a9fg]{_74


8201.40.00 –aGr/fx?, v'kf{x? / o:t} lrg]{ cf}hf/x?8201.50.00 –Ps xftn] rnfpg] s}rL -;]Sof6;{_ / o:t} Ps xftn]rnfpg] s}+rLx? -k|'g;{ P08 lzo;{_ -kf]N6«L lzo;{;d]t_8201.60.00 –´+f8L 5f+6\g] s}+rL -x]h lzo;{_, b'O xftn] 5f+6\g] s}+rL-k|'lgË lzo;{_ / o:t} b'O{ xftn] rnfpg] s}+rL8201.90.00 –s[lif, jfujfgL / jg h+undf k|of]u x'g] cGo xft]cf}hf/x?87.01 6«ofS6/x? -zLif{s *&=)( sf] 6«ofS6/ afx]s_ .–k]8]li6«og lgolGqt 6«ofS6/x?M8701.10.10 ––!*)) l;;L;Ddsf] xft] 6\ofS6/ / kfj/ l6n/ ;d]t8701.10.90 ––cGo–;]dL 6«]n/sf] nflu ;8sdf x'g] 6«ofS6/ -/f]8 6«ofS6/km/ ;]dL 6«]n;{_M8701.20.10 ––!*)) l;;L;Ddsf]8701.20.90 ––cGo8701.30.00 –6«ofs–n]Oª 6«ofS6/8701.90.009018.90.00–cGo–l;d]G; l;lnª lkmlnª d]l;g• df5f kfNg] tof/L s]hx¿, dT:o OGs'j]6/ / df5fsf] bfgf v'jfpg] c6f]d]l6slkm8/ .• df}/L kfng pBf]un] k}7f/L ug]{ df}/L kfngsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ d]6n Jof/n,/fgL 5]Sg] kftf, df}/L a|';, cfwf/ rfsf /f]n/, luo/ kDk / x«Ln Kn]6 .• s[lif, jfuafgL, tyf k'ik kmd{x?n] k}7f/L ug]{ u|Lg xfp; .• aLp pdfg{ tyf /f]Kg k|of]u x'g] 6«] .• eG;f/ b/aGbLsf] efu @#, @* / @( df kg]{ lkm8;lKnd]06sf] sRrf kbfy{,eG;f/ b/aGbLsf] efu @# cGtu{tsf kz'k+ILfsf] bfgf / lkm8;lKnd]06, efu@% sf] r'g9'Ëfsf] w'nf] . xl•sf] w'nf] / df5fsf] w'nf] .• ;fdfGo efF8fjt{g afx]ssf s'v'/fsf] bfgf v'jfpg] ljz]if k|sf/sf] efF8f /s'v'/fsf] kfgL lkpg] ljz]if lsl;dsf efF8f .75


;d"x M % cf}ifwL pkrf/ tyf o:t} :jf:Yo ;]jfx?28.04 2804.40.00 clS;hg UofF;30.01 c+u;+/f]kL lrlsT;fdf -cf}Uof{lg–y]/fKo"l6sdf_ k|of]u x'g];'Svf, w"nf] kf/]sf] jf gkf/]sf] u|GyLx? -Unf08\;_ /cGo c+ux?Ù u|GyL jf cGo c+u jf ltgsf ;|fjx?sfc+u;+/f]kL lrlsT;fdf k|of]u x'g] ;f/x? -PS:6«fS6«;«_Ùos[ltg -x]kfl/g_ / o;sf nj0fx?Ù cGoq gk/]sf jflglb{i6 gul/Psf, /f]usf] pkrf/ jf /f]syfdsf nflutof/ ul/Psf dfgj jf hLjhGt' ;DaGwL cGo tTjx?-;A:6fG;\_ .3001.20.00 –u|GyL jf cGo c+u jf ltgsf ;|fjx?sf] ;f/-PS:6f«S6_3001.90.00 –cGo30.02 dfgj /QmÙ /f]usf] pkrf/, /f]syfdsf nflu tof/ul/Psf] jf /f]unfO{ lgbfg ug{] k|of]hgsf nflu agfPsf]hLjhGt'sf] /ut, PlG6;]/f / cGo /utsf lx:;fx¿ //f]wIfdtf ;DaGwL pTkfbgx¿, kl/jt{g ul/Psf] jfgul/Psf] jf hLj k|Bf}lusLo k|lqmofx? -afof]6]Sgf]nf]lhsn k|f];];]h_ sf] dfWodaf6 pknAw ePsf]jf gePsf]Ù EoflS;gx?, ljifx? -6f}lS;G;_, ;"IdhLjf0f'sf sNr/x? -drf{ jf O:6 afx]s_ / o:t}lsl;dsf pTkfbgx? .3002.10.00 –PG6L;]/f, hLj k|Bf}lusLo k|lqmofx?sf] dfWodaf6pknAw eP jf gePsf jf kl/jt{g ul/Psf jfgul/Psf cGo /Qm v08x? / /f]wIfdtf ;DaGwLpTkfbgx¿3002.20.00 –dfgj cf}iflwsf EoflS;gx?3002.30.00 –kz' cf}ifwL lgldQmsf EoflS;gx?–cGoM3002.90.10 ––k/LIf0f ls6\;-8\ofugf]l:6s ls6\;_3002.90.90 –– cGo76


30.03 v'b«f laqmLsf] nflu kf]sf -KoflsË_ gkf/]sf] jf s'g}cfsf/ glbOPsf] jf dfqf gtf]s]sf], pkrf/fTds jfk|ltsf/fTds k|of]hgsf] nflu b'O{ jf b'O eGbf a9Lj:t' -36sx?_ ldl>t u/L ag]sf cf}iflwx? -zLif{s#)=)@, #)=)% jf #)=)^ sf j:t'x? afx]s_ .3003.10.00 –k]lG;lng cDn agfj6 -k]lG;Noflgs Pl;8 :6«Sr/_,jf :6]«K6f]dfOl;gx? jf ltgsf Ao'Tkltx? ;lxtsfk]lG;lng jf ltgsf Ao'TklQx? ePsf3003.20.00 –cGo k|lthLjL -Pl06jfof]l6S;_ ePsf–zLif{s @(=#& sf xfdf]{g -cfGtl/s ;|fj_ jf cGopTkfbg ePsf t/ PlG6afof]l6s -k|lthLjL_ pTkfbggePsf M3003.31.00 ––OG;'lng ePsf]3003.39.00 ––cGo3003.40.00 –cNsf]nfO8\; jf ltgsf Ao'Tkltx? ePsf] t/ cfGtl/s;|fj jf zLif{s @(=#& sf] cGo pTkfbgx? jf k|lthLjL-Pl06jfof]l6S;_ gePsf–cGo M3003.90.10 ––xf]ldof]Koflys, ljz'4 cfo'j]{lbs, o"gfgL cf}iflwx?3003.90.90 ––cGo30.04 v'b«f laqmLsf] nflu ;+j]i6g -KoflsË_ sf] ?kdf jfkl/ldt -d]h8{_ dfqfx? -8f]h]h_ sf] ?kdf /flvPsf-5fnfkf/ -6«fG;8d{n_ e]ifhfjwf/0f- P8\ldlgi6]«zg_k4ltsf] ?kdf ePsf ;d]t_ pkrf/fTds -y]/fKo"l6s_jf k|ltsf/fTds -k|f]lkmNoflS6s_ k|of]usf ldl>t jfcldl>t pTkfbgx? ePsf cf}ifwx? -d]l8sfd]06\;_-zLif{s #)=)@, #)=)% jf #)=)^ sf j:t'x?afx]s_ .3004.10.00 –k]lG;lng cDnsf] agfj6 -k]lG;Noflgs Pl;8;lxtsf_ k]lG;lng jf ltgsf Ao'Tkltx? ePsf, jf:6«]K6f]dfOl;g jf ltgsf Ao'Tkltx? ;lxtsf3004.20.00 –cGo k|lthLjL-Pl06jfof]l6s_ ePsf–xfdf]{g -cfGtl/s ;|fj_ jf zLif{s @(=#& sf cGopTkfbgx? ePsf t/ PlG6jfof]l6s -k|lthLjL_ pTkfbggePsfM77


3004.31.00 ––OG;"lng ePsf3004.32.00 ––sf]l6{sf]:6]/fo8 xf/df]gx?, ltgsf lgu{dx?-8]l/e]l6E;_ jf ;+/rgfTds cg'if+uLx? ePsf3004.39.00 ––cGo3004.40.00 –cNsf]nfO8 jf ltgsf Ao'Tkltx? ePsf t/ cfGtl/s;|fj gePsf, zLif{s @(=#& sf cGo pTkfbgx? jfk|lthLjL -PlG6jfof]l6s_3004.50.00 –le6fldg jf zLif{s @(=#^ sf cGo pTkfbgx? ePsfcf}iflwx?–cGo M3004.90.10 ––xf]ldof]Koflys, cfo'j]{lbs -z'4_, o"gfgL cf}iflwx?3004.90.40 ––aQL;f, b|fIff;j, lqkmnf, sAhx/ s]z/L hLjg ;d]t-Rojgk|f; afx]s_3004.90.90 ––cGo30.05 g/d skf;sf] c:t/ -jfl8ª_, hfnL -uh_, k§L-a}08]h_ / To:t} ;fdfgx? -pbfx/0fsf] nflu k§L-8«]l;ª_, 6f+l;g] Knfi6/x?, n]kx? -k'lN6;__, cf}iflwtTjn] ;+l;Qm -OlDk|Ug]6_ ul/Psf] jf aflx/kl§ n]knufPsf] -sf]6]8_ jf cf}iflw, lr/kmf/, bGTolrlsT;f jfkz'lrlsT;fsf] p2]Zosf] nflu v'b«f laqmLsf] k'lnGbf jfcfsf/df /flvPsf] .3005.10.00 –6f+l;g] k§L -8«]l;+u_ / 6f+l;g] tx -n]o/_ ePsfcGo j:t'x?3005.90.00 –cGo30.06 o; efusf] b«i6Ao df pNn]v ePsf cf}ifwL lgdf{0f-kmfdf{:o"l6sn_ sf a:t'x? .3006.60.00 –xf/df]gx?, zLif{s @(=#& sf cGo pTkfbgx? jfz'qmsL6 3fts-:kdL{;fO8\;_ x?df cfwfl/t /f;folgsue{ lg/f]ws -s06«f;]lK6e_ lj/rgx? -lk|k/];G;_78


37.01 sfuh, k]k/af]8{ jf sk8f -a'lgPsf]_ kbfy{x? afx]sh'g;'s} kbfy{ -Dof6]l/on_ sf] ;dtn -r]K6f] jfˆnof6_, k|sfzu|fxL -;]lG;6fOH8_ / gvf]lnPsf]-cg'b\efl;t jf cgPS;kf]H8_ 5foflrq0f-kmf]6f]u|flkms_ sf] Kn]6 -kl§sf jf lrqk[i7_ / lkmNdx?Ùr]K6f], k|sfzu|fxL, gvf]n]sf], Kofsdf ePsf] jf gePsf]cljnDj 5flkg] lkmNd -OG:6\ofG6 lk|G6 lkmNd_ .3701.10.00 –PS;–/] sf] nflu38.24 9nfO3/ -kmfp08«L_ sf] nflu 9nfOsf] ;f+rf]x?-dfpN8\;_ jf cfGtl/s ;f+rf]x?-sf];{_ lgldQsf lj/lrt-lk|k]o8{_ of]hs b|Ao -afO08;{_ cGoq pNn]v jf;dfj]z gePsf, /f;folgs jf ;djuL{ pBf]ux?sf/f;folgs pTkfbgx? tyf lj/rgx? -lk|k/];G;_-k|fs[lts pTkfbgsf ld>0f ;dfj]z ePsf To:tfj:t'x? ;d]t_ .3824.90.00 –cGo -8fOnfO;L;df k|of]u x'g] jfy sG;]G6«]6 7f]; jft/n_40.14 s8f /a/ afx]s, eNsgfOH8 /a/sf], s8f /a/sf]lkml6ª ePsf] jf gePsf] :jf:Yo -xfOh]lgs_ jfkmfdf]{:o"l6sn -cf}iflw_ ;DaGwL ;fdfgx? -l66\;-b"wbfgLsf] d'G6f]_ ;d]t_ .4014.10.00 –l;y\ sG6«f;]lK6E; -cfR5b ue{lg/f]ws_66.02 6602.00.00 b[li6ljlxgx?n] k|of]u ug]{ ;]tf] 58L -XjfO6 s]g_87.11 df]6/;fOsnx? -df]k]8 ;lxt_ / ;fO8 sf/ /lxt jf;lxt ;fOsndf ;xfos df]6/ h8fg u/]sf];fO8sf/x? .8711.20.00 –ckfËtf ePsf JolQmn] k|of]u ug]{ u/L agfOPsf]:s'6/87.13 k|]/s oGqo'Qm -df]6/fOH8_ jf cGo lsl;dn] oGqåf/f-d]sflgsnL_ k|0ff]lbt -k|f]k]N8_ eP jf gePsf], czQmAolQmx? sf lgldQsf kl/jxgx? .8713.10.00 –oflGqs wSsf lbg] Aoj:yf gePsf]87.14 zLif{s *&=!! b]lv *&=!# ;Ddsf] uf8Lx?sf]kf6{k"hf{x? / ;xfos ;fdu|Lx? .8714.20.00 –czQm AolQmx? -l8;PaN8 k;{g_ lgldQsf uf8Lx?-Sofl/h]h_79


90.21 xf8hf]gL{ -ljs[tf+u_ pkrf/ ;DaGwL pks/0fx?, j}zfvL;d]t, zNolrlsT;f ;DaGwL k]6L / u2fbf/ k]6Lx?-6«;_Ù sfd|f] / cGo xf8 ef+lrPsf]df k|of]u x'g]pks/0fx?Ù z/L/sf s[lqd efux?, z/L/sf c;Ifdtfjf bf]ifsf] Ifltk"lt{sf nflu k|of]u x'g], sfg ;'Gg] / o:t}cGo nufpg], af]Sg] jf z/L/leq /f]Kg] pks/0fx? .9021.50.00 –d'6'sf] df+;lk08nfO{ hufpgsf] nflu /flvg] Psk|sf/sf] oGq -k];d]s/_, kf6{k"hf{x? / ;xfos;fdu|Lx? afx]s9021.90.00 –cGo94.03 cGo kmlg{r/ / ltgsf kf6{k"hf{x? .9403.20.00 –ckfËtf ePsf JolQmn] k|of]u ug]{ jfs/ / sdf]8lro/• :jf:Yo ;]jf -d"No clej[l4 s/df btf{ ePsf ;+:yfn] k|bfg u/]sf] :jf:Yo ;]jfafx]s_ .• dfgj /ut / dfgj /QmhGo kbfy{x?, /Qm ;~rf/ ;]jfsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6Ln] k}7f/L ug]{ /ut /fVg] Knfli6ssf y}nf, 6«fG;ˆo'hg;]6, 6]l:6Ë ls6\;, l/Ph]G6 tyf /Qm k/LIf0f l/Ph]06 lgdf{0fsf] nflu cfjZoskg]{ ljleGg cf}hf/ pks/0fx? Pj+ /;fogx? .• d[uf}nf /f]usf] pkrf/sf nflu cfjZos pks/0fx?, b[li6ljlxgx¿n] k|of]u ug]{:n]6:6fOn;, a]|n gf]66]s/, a|]nf] -a]|n lk|G6/_, /Ë;"rs, kfgL;"rs /k|sfz;"rs oGqx¿, cfjfh lbg] ydf{ld6/, a]|n 6fOk/fO6/, a|]n 38L, Pjfs;,d]UgLkmfOË Unf;, a]|n sDkf;, a]|n k':ts, a]|n ODjf];/, a]|n :6]gl;n d]lzg .• cf}ifwL pBf]usf] sRrf kbfy{M xfdf]{gfOH8 sf]8sf] efu @* leq kg]{ cf}ifwLpBf]u tyf cfO=cf]=Pn= pTkfbgdf k|of]u ug]{ wft'sf nj0fx?, cS;fO8x? /xfO8«f]cS;fO8x?sf cltl/Qm efu @( cGtu{t ug]{ cf}ifwLsf sRrf kbfy{-cf}ifwLsf] ;lqmo tTj_ tyf cf}ifwL pBf]un] cf}ifwL pTkfbgsf] nflu k|of]u ug]{tyf cfO=cf]=Pn= pTkfbgdf k|of]u x'g] sRrf kbfy{ / Kofls+u d]6]l/on, cf]}iflwJoj:yf ljefusf] l;kmfl/;df cf}ifwL pBf]u tyf c:ktfnsf] cg';Gwfg tyfljsf;df k|of]u x'g] zLif{s ()=!* / ()=@& df kg]{ pks/0fx? / cfFvfpkrf/sfnflu cfjZos OG6«f cf]s'n/ n]G; pTkfbg ug{ cfjZos kg]{ oGqpks/0f, sRrf kbfy{ / ;xfos ;fdfu|L .• ;/sf/L, ;/sf/L cg'bfg k|fKt / ;fd'bflos c:ktfnn] k}7f/L ug]{ cf}ifwLo Pj+zNolrlsT;f ;DaGwL oGq pks/0f tyf cf}hf/x? / :jf:Yo ;fdfu|L .80


;d"x M ^ lzIff-s_ ljBfno tyf ljZj ljBfnodf x'g] cg';Gwfg ;DaGwL sfo{x¿ .-v_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"0f{ :jfldTj ePsf ;+:yfx?af6 k|bfg ug{] Jojzflosjf k];fut tflnd jf k'gtf{huL tflndx? .-u_ ljBfno tyf ljZj ljBfnox¿n] k|bfg ug]{ lzIf0f ;]jf .;d"x M & lstfj cvjf/ / d'lb|t ;fdu|Lx?48.01 4801.00.00 /f]ndf jf kftfdf ePsf] cvjf/L sfut -Go"h lk|G6_ .49.01 Psf]xf]/f] kftf ePsf] jf gePsf] d'lb«t lstfjx?,ljj/0f klqsfx? -af]:o";{, krf{ jf klqsf -lnˆn]6\;_/ To:t} d'lb«t j:t'x? .4901.10.00 –k6\ofPsf] jf gk6\ofPsf], Psf]xf]/f] kftf ePsf]–cGo M4901.91.00 ––zAbsf]ifx? / ljZjsf]ifx? / ltgsf qmda4 efu jfv08x? -OG:6nd]G6x?_4901.99.00 ––cGo49.02 lrq ePsf] jf gePsf] jf lj1fkgsf ;fdu|L ePsf] jfgePsf] ;dfrf/kq, kq klqsf / cfjlws kqklqsfx? .4902.10.00 –sDtLdf Ps xKtfdf rf/k6s k|sflzt4902.90.00 –cGo49.04 4904.00.00 uftf xfn]sf] jf gxfn]sf], lgbz{ lrq ePsf] jf gePsf],x:tlnlvt jf 5fk]sf] ;+uLt lstfj .k':ts, kfqf] .cvjf/ / kqklqsfsf] d'b|0f tyf k|sfzg .;d"x * M snfTds / sfnLu9L ;]jf-s_ lrqsnf, d"lt{snf, jf:t'snf tyf o:t} k|sf/sf cGo x:tsnfx¿ /tT;DaGwL ;]jf .-v_ k':tsfno, ;+u|xfno, snf ;+u|xfno / lrl8of3/ k|j]z z'Ns .;d"x ( M ofq'afxs oftfoft tyf 9'jfgL ;]jfx¿81


xjfO{ ofqf, oflGqs k'naf6 x'g] ;]jf, ;fj{hlgs ofq'jfxs oftfoft -s]j'nsf/afx]s_, 9'jfgL ;]jf -cfk"lt{;Fu ;DalGwt 9'jfgL afx]s_ tyf lgof{tsf] k|of]hgsfnflu ePsf] sfuf]{ ;]jf .;d"x !) M Jofj;flos jf k]zfut ;]jfsnfsf/, v]nf8L, n]vs, gd"gfsf/, cg'jfbs, bf]efif]n] +:yfut jf JolQmut ?kdfk|bfg ug]{ k]zfut ;]jf, ljb]zdf hgzlQm cfk"lt{ ug]{ ;]jf .-c_ dfnj:t'x?M;d"x M !! cGo j:t' tyf ;]jf27.10 2710.19.70 –––h'6 Aoflrª cfon tyf 6]S;6fOn cfon44.15 sf7sf, kl/j]i7g -KoflsË_ sf vf]nx?, afs;x?,qm]6x?, 8«dx? / o:t} kl/j]i7g ;fdu|Lx?Ù sf7sfs]j'n–8«dx?Ù sf7sf Kofn]6x?, jS;–Kofn]6x? / cGonf]8 af]8{x? -;fdfg r9fpg] tVtfx?_Ù sf7sf Kofn]6sn/x? .4415.10.00 –df}/Lsf] 3f/ / l6–r]i649.07 4907.00.00 c+lÍt d"No -k]m; Eofn'_ sf] dfGotf ePsf]-l/sf]UgfOH8_ jf x'g] d'n'sleq k|rngdf /x]sf jf gof+k|sfzg -O:o"_ sf ck|o'Qm -cgo"H8_ x'nfs l6s6-kf]:6]h :6}Dk_ jf /fh:j l6s6 -l/e]Go" :6}Dk_ jf o:t}lsl;dsf l6s6x? -:6}Dk\;_Ù l6s6sf] 5fk ePsfsfuh -lnkmf_Ù a}+s gf]6x?Ù r]s kmd{x? / /fxbfgL .51.01 gˆ8\s]sf] jf gsf]/]sf] pmg .–lrKnf], sq]sf]–wf]Psf] -ˆnL;–jf:8_ pmg, ;d]tM5101.11.00 ––;f]g{ -v's]{sf], sq]sf]_ pmg5101.19.00 ––cGo–lrKnf] x6fPsf] sfjf]{gLs[t gu/]sf]M5101.21.00 ––;f]g{ -v's]{sf], sq]sf]_ pmg5101.29.00 ––cGo5101.30.00 –sfjf]{gfOH8 -sfjf]{gLs[t_52.05 v'b«f laqmLsf] nflu g/flvPsf] *% k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbfa9L skf;sf] tf}n ePsf] skf;sf] wfuf] -l;p+g] wfuf]afx]s_ .–gsf]/]sf] /]zfsf] PSnf] wfuf]M82


5205.11.00 ––&!=@( 8]l;6]S; jf a9L gfksf] -!$ d]l6«s ;+VofeGbf ggf3]sf]_ .5205.12.00 ––&!=@( 8]l;6]S; eGbf sd gfksf] t/ @#@=%^8]l;6]S; eGbf sd gePsf] gfksf] -!$ d]l6«s ;+VofeGbf dflysf] t/ $# d]l6«s ;+Vof ggf3]sf]_5205.13.00 ––@#@=%^ 8]l;6]S; eGbf sd gfksf] t/ !(@=#!8]l;6]S; eGbf sd gePsf] gfksf] -$# d]l6«s ;+Vofgf3]sf] t/ %@ d]l6«s ;+Vof ggf3]sf]_5205.14.00 ––!(@=#! 8]l;6]S; eGbf sd gfksf] t/ !@% 8]l;6]S;eGbf sd gePsf] -%@ d]l6«s ;+Vof gf3]sf] t/ *)d]l6«s ;+Vof ggf3]sf]_5205.15.00 ––!@% 8]l;6]S; eGbf sd gfksf] -*) d]l6«s ;+Vofgf3]sf]_–sf]/]sf] /]zfx?sf] PSnf] wfuf]M5205.21.00 ––&!=@( 8]l;6]S; jf a9L gfksf] -!$ d]l6«s ;+Vofggf3]sf]_5205.22.00 ––&!=@( 8]l;6]S; eGbf sd gfksf] t/ @#@=%^8]l;6]S; eGbf sd gePsf] -!$ d]l6«s ;+Vof gf3]sf]t/ $# d]l6«s ;+Vof ggf3]sf]5205.23.00 ––@#@=%^ 8]l;6]S; eGbf sd gfksf] t/ !(@=#!8]l;6]S; eGbf sd gePsf] -$# d]l6«s ;+Vof gf3]sf]t/ %@ d]l6«s ;+Vof ggf3]sf]_5205.24.00 ––!(@=#! 8]l;6]S; eGbf sd gfksf] t/ !@% 8]l;6]S;eGbf sd gePsf] -%@ d]l6«s ;+Vof gf3]sf] t/ *)d]l6«s ;+Vof ggf3]sf]_5205.26.00 ––!@% 8]l;6]S; eGbf sd t/ !)^=# 8]l;6]S; eGbfsd gePsf] -*) d]l6«s ;+Vof eGbf a9L t/ ($ d]l6«s;+Vof ggf3]sf]_ gfksf]5205.27.00 ––!)^=# 8]l;6]S; eGbf sd t/ #=## 8]l;6]S; eGbfsd gePsf] -($ d]l6«s ;+Vof eGbf a9L t/ !@)d]l6«s ;+Vof ggf3]sf]_ gfksf]5205.28.00 ––#=## 8]l;6]S; eGbf sd -!@) d]l6«s ;+Vof eGbfa9L_ gfksf]–gsf]/]sf] /]zf ax'n -dlN6kn_ bf]Aj|fPsf -kmf]N8]8_ jfs]aN8 wfuf] M83


5205.31.00 ––k|ltPsn wfuf] &!=@( 8]l;6]S; jf a9Lgfksf] -k|ltPsn wfuf]df ! d]l6«s ;+Vof ggf3]sf]_5205.32.00 ––k|ltPsn wfuf] &!=@( 8]l;6]S; eGbf sdsf] t/@#@=%^ 8]l;6]S; eGbf sd gePsf] gfksf]-k|ltPsn wfuf]df !$ d]l6«s ;+Vof gf3]sf] t/ $#d]l6«s ;+Vof ggf3]sf]_5205.33.00 ––k|ltPsn wfuf] @#@=%^= 8]l;6]S; eGbf sdsf] t/!(@=#! 8]l;6]S; eGbf sd gePsf] gfksf] -k|ltPsnwfuf]df $# d]l6«s ;+Vof gf3]sf] t/ %@ d]l6«s ;+Vofggf3]sf]_.5205.34.00 ––k|ltPsn wfuf] !(@=#! 8]l;6]S; eGbf sdsf] t/!@% 8]l;6]S; eGbf sd gePsf] gfksf] -k|ltPsnwfuf]df %@ d]l6«s ;+Vof gf3]sf] t/ *) d]l6«s ;+Vofggf3]sf]_5205.35.00 ––k|ltPsn wfuf] !@% 8]l;6]S; eGbf sd gfksf]-k|ltPsn wfuf]df *) d]l6«s ;+Vof gf3]sf]_–sf]/]sf] /]zfsf] ax'n -dlN6kn_ -bf]Aj|fPsf]_ jf s]jN8wfuf] M5205.41.00 ––k|ltPsn wfuf]df &!=@( 8]l;6]S; jf a9L gfksf]-k|ltPsn wfuf]df !$ d]l6«s ;+Vof ggf3]sf]_5205.42.00 ––k|ltPsn wfuf]df &!=@( 8]l;6]S; eGbf sdsf] t/@#@=%^ 8]l;6]S; eGbf sd gePsf] gfksf] -k|ltPsnwfuf]df !$ d]l6«s ;+Vof gf3]sf] t/ $# d]l6«s ;+Vofggf3]sf]_5205.43.00 ––k|ltPsn wfuf]df @#@=%^ 8]l;6]S; eGbf sdsf] t/!(@=#! 8]l;6]S; eGbf sd gePsf] gfksf -k|ltPsnwfuf]df $# d]l6«s ;+Vof gf3]sf] t/ %@ d]l6«s ;+Vofggf3]sf]_5205.44.00 ––k|ltPsn wfuf]df !(@=#! 8]l;6]S; eGbf sdsf] t/!@% 8]l;6]S; eGbf sd gePsf] gfksf] -k|ltPsnwfuf]df %@ d]l6«s ;+Vof gf3]sf] t/ *) d]l6«s ;+Vofggf3]sf]_5205.46.00 ––k|lt Psn wfuf] gfkdf !@% 8]l;6]S; eGbf sd t/!)^=# 8]l;6]S; eGbf 36L gePsf] -*) d]l6«s ;+VofeGbf a9L t/ ($ d]l6«s ;+Vof ggf3]sf] k|lt Psnwfuf]_84


5205.47.00 ––k|lt Psn wfuf] gfkdf !)^=# 8];L6]s; eGbf sdt/ #=## 8]l;6]S; eGbf 36L gePsf] -($ d]l6«s ;+VofeGbf a9L t/ !@) d]l6«s ;+Vof ggf3]sf] k|lt Psnwfuf]_5205.48.00 ––k|lt Psn wfuf] gfkdf #=## 8]l;6]S; eGbf sd-!@) d]l6«s ;+Vof eGbf a9L k|lt Psn wfuf]_52.07 v'b«f laqmLsf] nflu /flvPsf] skf;sf] wfuf]-l;pg] wfuf]afx]s_ .5207.10.00 –tf}ndf % k|ltzt jf a9L skf; ePsf]5207.90.00 –cGo53.06 ˆNofs; wfuf] -;gsf] wfuf]_ .5306.10.00 –Psn -l;Ën_5306.20.00 –ax'n -bf]Ao|fPsf]_ jf s]a'N853.07 ;gkf6sf] wfuf] jf ;s]t %#=)# sf cGo nlrnf]/]zfbf/ af]s«f -afi6_ sf sk8f agfpg] -jogLo_wfuf] .5307.10.00 –Psn -l;Ën_5307.20.00 –ax'n -bf]Ao|fPsf]_ jf s]a'N853.10 ;gkf6 -h"6_ sf a'lgPsf sk8fx? jf zLif{s= %#=)#sf cGo nlrnf] /]zf ePsf af]qmf -afi6_ sf /]zfx?af6ag]sf sk8fx? .5310.10.00 –clj/+lht -cglAnR8_5310.90.00 –cGo62.11 6«ofs ;'6x?, :sL;'6x? / kf}l8+bf nufpg] n'ufx?,cGo kf]zfsx? -n'ufkmf6fx?_ .–nf]Ug] dfG5]sf] jf s]6fx?sf] cGo n'ufkmf6fx?-ufd]{06;_M6211.32.00 ––;"ltsf] n'ËL / wf]tL–:jf:gLdfG5]sf] jf s]6Lx?sf] cGo n'ufkmf6fx?-ufd]{06;_M6211.42.00 ––;"ltsf] ;f8L, n'ËL / wf]tL85


71.01 sf/Lu/L ul/Psf] jf gul/Psf], 5'6\ofPsf] jfg5'6\ofPsf] t/ gpg]sf], c8];f gnufPsf] -dfp06]8_jf gh8]sf] -;]6_ ?kdf gePsf] k|fs[lts jf ;Dal4{tdf]tLÙ k|fs[lts jf ;Dal4{t kl/jxgsf] ;'ljwfsf nfluc:yfoL ?kdf pg]sf] df]tL .7101.10.00 –k|fs[lts df]tLx?–;Djlw{t df]tLx? M7101.21.00 ––sf/Lu/L gul/Psf] -cgjS8{_7101.22.00 ––sf/Lu/L ul/Psf] -jS8{_71.02 sf/Lu/L ul/Psf] jf gul/Psf], t/ c8];f nfUg] u/LgagfPsf] jf gh8]sf] ?kdf /x]sf] xL/f -8fod08_ .7102.10.00 –g5flgPsf]–cf]Bf]}lus M7102.21.00 ––sf/Lu/L gul/Psf] jf ;fdfGo lr/]sf], k'm6fPsf] jfcfsf/ lbPsf] -a|'6]8_7102.29.00 ––cGo–pBf]u afx]s M7102.31.00 ––sf/Lu/L gul/Psf] jf ;fdfGo lr/]sf], k'm6fPsf] jfcfsf/ lbPsf] -a|'6]8_7102.39.00 ––cGo71.03 sf/Lu/L ul/Psf] jf gul/Psf] jf 5'6\ofPsf] jfg5'6\ofPsf] t/ gpg]sf], c8];f gnufPsf] jf gh8]sf]-;]6_ ?kdf /x]sf] ax'd"No kTy/x? -xL/fx? afx]s_Ùkl/jxgsf] ;'ljwfsf nflu c:yfoL ?kdf pg]sf],g5'6\ofPsf] ax'd"No kTy/x? -xL/fx? afx]s_ / cw{ax'd"No kTy/x? .7103.10.00 –sf/L u/L gul/Psf] jf ;fdfGo lr/]sf] jf v;|f]cfsf/sf]–c? s]xL agfPsf] M7103.91.00 ––nfndl0f -?ljh_, gLndl0f -:oflso{_ / kGgf-Pd/N8_7103.99.00 ––cGo86


71.05 k|fs[lts jf ;+Zn]lift ax'd"No jf cw{ ax'd"No kTy/sf]w"nf] .7105.10.00 –lx/fsf]7105.90.00 –cGo-@_ ax'd"No wft'x? / ax'd"No wft'n] 9flsPsf] wft'-d]6N; SNof8_71.06 ck|efljt jf cw{ lgld{t ?kdf jf w"nf]sf] ?kdf rf+bL-;'g jf Knfl6gddf rfFbLsf] hnk nufO{Psf]_ .7106.10.00 –w"nf]–cGo M7106.91.00 ––ck|efljt7106.92.00 ––cw{ lgld{t71.08 ck|efljt jf cw{ lgld{t ?ksf jf w"nf] ?ksf ;'g-Knfl6gddf ;'gsf] hnk nufPsf] ;d]t_ .7108.11.00 ––w"nf]–d'b«f afx]ssf] M7108.12.00 ––cGo k|efljt ?ksf7108.13.00 ––cGo cw{ lgld{t ?ksf7108.20.00 –d'b«f ;DaGwL71.09 7109.00.00 cw{ lgld{t eGbf a9L sfd gu/]sf] ;'gn] 9flsPsfcfwf/e"t wft'x? jf rf+bL .-#_ u/uxgf, ;'g jf rf+bLsf ;fdfg agfpg] af+8fn]tof/ u/]sf ;fdfgx? / cGo ;fdfgx?71.13 ax'd"No wft'sf] jf ax'd"No wft'n] 9flsPsf] cfwf/e"twft'sf] uu{xgfsf ;fdfgx? / ltgsf kf6{k"hf{x? .–ax'd"No wft'sf], ax'd"No wft'df hnk nufPsf] jfgnfPsf] jf 9flsPsf] jf g9flsPsf] M7113.11.00 ––rf+bLsf], cGo ax'd"No wft'sf] hnk nufPsf] jfgnufPsf], ax'd"No wft'n] 9fs]sf] jf g9fs]sf]7113.19.00 ––cGo ax'd"No wft'sf], cGo ax'dNo wft'sf] hnknufPsf] jf gnufPsf] jf ax'd"No wft'n] 9fs]sf] jfg9fs]sf]87


7113.20.00 –ax'd"No wft'n] 9flsPsf] cGo cfwf/e"t wft'sf]71.18 d'b«f .7118.90.00 –cGo84.01 Go"lSno/ l/ofS6/Ù OGwg tTj -sfl6«{h]h_, Go"lSno/l/ofS6/sf] nflu cljls/l0ft -gg–O/fl8P6]8_Ù c0f'5'6\ofpg] -cfO;f]6f]lks ;]k/];g_ d]l;g / pks/0fx? .8401.10.00 –Go"lSno/ l/ofS6/ -gflesLo clels«os_8401.20.00 –c0f' 5'6\ofpg] -cfO;f]6f]lks ;]k/];g_ sf d];Lg /cf}hf/x?, / ltgsf kf6{k"hf{x?8401.30.00 –OGwg tTj -sfl6«{h]h_, gg\O/fl8P6]8 -cljls/l0ft_84.02 efk -l:6d_ / cGo jfkm pTkfbg ug]{ -e]k/ h]g]/]l6Ë_JjfOn/x? -lgDg rfksf] efk pTkfbg ug{ klg ;Ifds]Gb«Lo tfkg -;]06n lxl6Ë_ tftf] kfgLsf]] jfliko-Jjfon/_ jfx]s_Ù clt tflkt kfgLsf jflikq -Jjfon/_x? .–efk -l:6d_ / cGo jfkm -e]k/_ pTkfbg ug]{ Jjfon/M8402.11.00 ––k|lt306fdf % 6g eGbf a9L pTkfbg ug]{ hnglnsfjflikq -jf6/ 6\o"a Jjfon/_8402.12.00 ––k|lt306fdf % 6g ;Dd pTkfbg ug]{ hnglnsfjflikq -jf6/ 6\o"a Jjfon/_8402.19.00 ––cGo jfkm pTkfbg ug]{ Jjfon/, xfOlj|8 Jjfon/;d]t8402.20.00 –clt tflkt hn jflikq -jf6/ Jjfon/_84.03 zLif{s *$=)@ afx]ssf] ;]G6«n lxl6Ë Jjfon/ -s]Gb«Lotfkg jflikq_ .8403.10.00 –Jjfon/ -jflikq_84.04 zLif{s *$=)@ jf *$=)# sf] Jjfon/;+u k|of]u ul/g];xfos ;+oGq -h:t}, lskmfotL -Osf]gf]dfOh/_, clttfks, -;'k/lx6;{_ Wjf+;f]gfzs -;"6 l/d'e;{_ UofF;x6fpg], -UofF; l/d'e;{_Ù efk -l:6d_ jf cGo jfkmzlQm OsfOx? -e]k/ kfj/ o"lg6\;_ sf lgldQsfb«jl0fq -s08]G;;{_ .8404.10.00 –zLif{s *$=)@ jf *$=)# sf] Jjfon/sf ;fy k|of]u\x'g] ;xfos ;+oGq -Knf06_88


8404.20.00 –efk -l:6d_ jf cGo jfkm -e]k/_ sf OsfO{ -kfj/o"lg6_ sf nflu sG8]G;/x? -b«jl0fq_84.05 zf]lwq -Ko"l/kmfo/_ ;lxt jf /lxt pTkflbt u};-k|f]8\o";/ u};_ jf efk–c+uf/ u}; -jf6/ u};_ sfpTkfbsx? -h]g]/]6;{_Ù zf]lwq ;lxt jf /lxtPl;6fOlng u}; pTkfbs / To:t} hnLo k|lqmofsf-jf6/ k|f];];_ u}; pTkfbsx? -u}; h]g]/]6;{_ .8405.10.00 –zf]lwq -Ko"l/kmfo/_ ;lxt jf /lxt pTkflbt u};-k|f]8\o";/ u};_ jf efk–c+uf/ u}; -jf6/ u};_ sfpTkfbsx? -h]g]/]6;{_Ù zf]lwq ;lxt jf /lxtPl;6fOlng u}; pTkfbs / To:t} hnLo k|lqmofsf-jf6/ k|f];];_ u}; pTkfbsx? -u}; h]g]/]6;{_84.06 efk 6jf{OG; / cGo jfkm 6jf{Og .8406.10.00 –hnkf]t k|0ff]bg -d]/Lg k|f]kN;g_ sf nflu hnrqmx?-6jf{OG;_–cGo M hnrqmx? -6af{OG;_M8406.81.00 ––$) d]ufjf6 eGbf a9L pTkfbg -cfp6k'6_ sf]8406.82.00 ––$) d]ufjf6 df ga9\g] pTkfbg -cfp6k'6_ sf]84.07 :kfs{–OlUg;g /]l;k|f]s]l6ª jf /f]6/L OG6/gn sDazglki6f]g OlGhg .8407.10.00 –xjfOhxfhsf OlGhg84.09 zLif{s *$=)& jf *$=)* sf OlGhgx?df k"0f{tof jfd'Votof k|of]usf] nflu pko'Qm kf6{k"hf{x? .8409.10.00 –xjfOhxfhsf] OlGhgsf] nflu84.10 xfO8«f]lns -hnjfxL_ 6jf{Og, kfgL kf+u|f -jf6/ lXjn_ /ltgsf /]u'n]6/x? -lgofdsx?_ .–hnjfxL -jf6/_ 6jf{Og / kfgL kf+u|fx? -jf6/ x\jLn_M8410.11.00 ––!,))) ls= jf= ;Dd zlQmsf8410.12.00 ––!,))) ls= jf= eGbf a9L t/, !),))) ls= jf= ;DdzlQmsf]8410.13.00 ––!),))) ls=jf= eGbf a9L zlQmsf]84.13 dfks oGq h8]sf] jf gh8]sf] t/n kbfy{sf] kDk, t/nkbfy{ dfly tfGg] ;fwg -Plne]6;{_ .89


–cGo kDkx?Ù t/n pTyfks -tfGg]_ x?M8413.82.00 ––l;FrfO sfo{df k|of]u x'g] @ xif{kfj/b]lv *xif{kfj/;Dd zlQm ePsf] Ol~hg ;lxtsf] klDkª ;]6/ ;f]sf] ;fydf /x]sf] #) ld6/;Ddsf] xf]h kfOk .84.16 t/n OGwgsf] nflu, ;+lki6 -kNe/fOH8_ 7f]; OGwgsfnflu jf UofF;sf] nflu e§Lsf] bfxs -kmg]{; ag{/_Ùcfuf]df OGwg ´f]Sg] oGq -d]sflgsn :6f]s/_, ltgsfoflGqs hfnL -d]sflgsn u]|6\;_ ;d]t, oflGqs Iff/lj;h{s -d]sflgsn of; l8;rfh{/_ / o:t}pks/0fx? .8416.10.00 –t/n OGwgsf] nflu e§Lsf bfxs -kmg]{; ag{/_8416.20.00 –cGo e§Lsf bfxsx? -kmg]{; ag{;{_, ;+of]hg bfxs-slDag]zg ag{/_ ;d]t8416.30.00 –cfuf]df OGwg ´f]+Sg] oGq, ltgsf oflGqs hfln-d]sflgsn u]|6_ ;d]t, oflGqs Iff/ lj;h{s-d]sflgsn of; l8;rfh{/_ / o:t} pks/0fx?84.17 cf}Bf]lus jf k|of]uzfnfdf cfuf] afNg] e§L / r'Nxf],OlG;g]/]6/ -v/fgL kfg]{M eids_ ;d]t, cljB'tLo .8417.10.00 –wft' jf kfO/fO6 jf wfp -cf];{_ kf]Ng], kufNg] jf c?tfk pkrf/sf] nflu k|of]u x'g] e§L jf r'Nxf]8417.20.00 –a]s/L cf]e]G; -r'Nxf]_, la:s'6 agfpg] r'Nxf] ;d]t8417.80.00 –cGo84.19 ttfpg] -lxl6Ë_, ksfpg] -s'lsË_, kf]Ng] -/f]l:6Ë_,cf;jg ug]{ -l8l:6lnË_, kl/zf]wg ug]{ -/]lS6kmfOË_,/f]uf0f'/lxt ug{] -:6]l/nfOlhË_, kfZr/Ls/0f ug]{-kfZr/fOlhË_, akmfpg] -l:6ldË_, ;'sfpg] -8«fOË_,efkdf kl/0ft ug]{ OEofkf]/]l6Ë_, afkm agfpg]-e]kf]/fOlhË_, b«ljt ug]{ -s08]lG;Ë_ jf lr:ofpg]-s"lnË_ h:tf tfkdfg kl/jt{g -r]~h ckm 6]Dk/]r/_;+u ;+j4 k|lqmofåf/f kbfy{x?sf] pkrf/ lgldQsf,ljB't\tflkt eP jf gePsf e§Lx? -kmg]{;;\_, r'Nxfx?-cf]e]G;_ tyf zLif{s %! sf cGo pks/0fx? afx]s_,oGqfjnL -d]lzg/L_, ;+oGq -KnfG6_ jf k|of]uzfnfsfpks/0fx?, 3/fo;L k|of]hgdf k|of]u x'g] vfnsfoGqfjnL jf ;+oGq afx]sÙ tfTIfl0fs jf ;+rog hntflkqx? -OG:6fG6]lgo; jf :6f]/]h jf6/ lx6;{_,cj}B'lts -gg–On]lS6«s_ .90


8419.20.00 –cf}ifwLo-d]l8sn_, zNolrlsT;f ;DaGwL -;lh{sn_ jfk|of]uzfnf ;DaGwL-n]af]/]6/L_ lj;+s«fdsx?-:6]l/nfOh;{_–zf]ifsx? -;'sfpg]M 8«fo;{_ M8419.31.00 ––s[lif pTkfbgsf] nflu8419.32.00 ––sf7, k]k/ kNk, sfut jf sfutuftf -k]k/af]8{_ sf]nflu8419.39.00 ––cGo8419.40.00 –cf;jg jf kl/zf]wg ;+oGqx? -l8l:6lnË jf/]lS6kmfOË Knf06_8419.50.00 –tfk ljlgdo OsfOx? -lx6 PS;r]Gh o"lg6\;_8419.60.00 –afo' jf UofF; t/n kfg]{ oGqfjnL -dlzg/L kmf]/lnlSjkmfOË Po/ jf UofF;_–cGo oGqfjnL, ;+oGq / pks/0fM8419.81.00 ––pi0fk]o -xf}6 l8«Í_ agfpg jf ef]hg ksfpg jfttfpgsf] nflu8419.89.00 ––cGo84.20 wft'x? jf sf+rsf] nflu afx]ssf sfn]08/0f-Sofn]08l/Ë_ jf j]n -/f]lnË_ oGqx?, / ltgsf]lgldQsf j]ngx? -l;ln08;{_ .8420.10.00 –Sofn]08/0f -Sofn]08l/Ë_ jf cGo a]ng oGqx? -/f]lnËdlzG;_84.21 cks]lGb«q -;]lG6«ˆo"h]h_, cks]Gb«0f zf]ifs -;]l06«ˆo"un8«fo;{_ ;d]tÙ t/n / UofF; lgldQsf lg:kGbg-lkmN6l/Ë_ jf kl/zf]wg -Ko"l/kmfOË_ oGqfjnL -dlzg/L_/ pks/0fx? -Pk/]6;_ .–cks]lGb«L -;]lG6«ˆo"h]h_, cks]Gb«0f zf]ifs-;]l06«ˆo"un8«fo;{_ ;d]tM8421.11.00 ––lqmd ;]kf/]6;{ -t/ k[ylsqM t/ 5'6\ofpg]_8421.12.00 ––n'uf ;'sfpg] -Snf]b\;-8«fo;{_8421.19.00 ––cGo91


–t/n kbfy{sf] nflu lg:kGbg -lkmN6l/Ë_ jf kl/zf]wg-Ko"l/kmfOË_ sf oGqfjnL / pks/0fx? -dlzg/L P08Pk/]6;_M8421.21.00 ––kfgL 5fGg jf kl/zf]wg ug{sf] nflu8421.22.00 ––kfgL afx]ssf cGo k]o -lae/]h_ 5fGg jf kl/zf]wgug{sf] nflu8421.39.00 ––cGo–UofF;sf] nflu lg:kGbg jf kl/zf]wg oGqfjnL-dlzg/L_ jf pks/0fx? -Pk/]6;_M84.22 yfn, yfnL, tZt/L ;kmf ug]{ oGqx? -l8; jflzËdlzG;_Ù af]6n jf cGo cfwfgkfq -s06]g/x?_ ;kmfug]{ -lSnlgË_ jf ;'sfpg] -8«fOË_ oGqfjnLdlzg/L_Ù af]6nx?, a§fx? -SofG;_ l8Jafx?-af}S;];_, ´f]nfx? -AofU;_ jf cGo cfwfg kfqx?-s06]g;{_ eg{ -lkmlnË_, aGb ug{ -Snf]lhË_, d'vjGbug{ jf l;njGbL ug{ -l;lnË_ jf gfdkq -n]jn_nufpg -n]a]lnË_ lgldQsf oGqfjnLÙ af]6nx?, hf/x?,glnsf -6\o"a_x? / o:t} cfwfgkfq -s06]g/_ x?;+k'6g -SofK;'lnË_ ug{ lgldQ sf oGqfjnLÙ cGokl/j]i7g -KoflsË_ jf cfj[t -/\oflkË_ ug]{ oGqfjnL-tfk–cfs'+rg cfj[GQg oGq -lx6 l;|Í /\oflkË dlzg/L_;d]t_Ù k]o kbfy{ -lje/]h_ nfO{ afo'ld>0f -Po/]l6Ë_ug{ lgldQsf oGqfjnL .8422.19.00 ––cGo–yfn,yfnL tZt/L ;kmf ug]{ oGqx? -l8z jflzËdlzG;_M8422.20.00 –af]tnx? jf cGo cfwfgkfqx? -s06]g/_ ;kmf ug]{ /;'sfpg] lgldQsf] oGqfjnL -dlzg/L_]8422.30.00 –af]tnx?, a§fx? -SofG;_, l8Aafx? -af}S;]h_, e]mfnfx?-AofU;_ jf cGo cfwfgkfqx? -s06]g;{_ eg{-lkmlnË_, aGb ug{ -Snf]lhË_, d'vaGb jf l;naGb ug{-l;lnË_ jf gfdkq0f-n]a]lnË_ ug{ lgldQsf oGqfjnLÙaf]tnx?, hf/x?, glnsfx? -6\o"A;_ / To:t} cfwfgkfq-s06]g/_ x?nfO{ ;+k'6g -SofK;'lnË_ ug{ lgldQsfoGqfjnLÙ k]o kbfy{ -lje/]h]h_ nfO{ afo' ld>0f-Po/]l6Ë_ ug{ lgldQsf oGqfjnL92


8422.40.00 –cGo kl/j]i7g -KoflsË_ jf cfj[Qg -¥oflkË_oGqfjnL–tfk–cfs'+rg cfj[Qg oGqfjnL -lx6–l;|Í/\oflkË dlzg/L_ ;d]t84.23 tf}ng] oGqfjnL -j]OË dlzg/L_ -% ;]l06u|fd -;LhL_ jfTof] eGbf /fd|f] ;'u|flxtf -;]lG;l6le6L_ ePsf t/fh'x?-Aofn]G;]h_ afx]s_, ef/ jf 9s -j]6_ åf/f ;+rflntu0fgf -sfpl06Ë_ jf ;Tofkg -r]lsË_ ug]{ oGqx?Ùef/dfks oGq -j]OË dlzg_ sf ;a} lsl;dsf 9sx?-j]6\;_ .8423.89.00 ––cGo–cGo tf}ng] oGqfjnL -j]OË dlzg/L_ M84.26 kfgL hxfhsf pTy+ax? -;fdfg p7fpg] oGqM 8]l/S;_Ùq]mgx?, s]a'n q]]mg ;d]tÙ q]mg h8fg ePsf ultzLn-df]afOn_ prfNg] 9f+rfx? -lnlˆ6Ë km«]D;_, :6«of8nSofl/o;{ / jS;{ 6«S; -sfdsf] nflu k|of]u x'g]6«sx?_ .–cf]e/x]8 6«fe]lnË q]mgx?, 6«fG;kf]6{/ -kl/jfxs_q]mgx?, u}G6«L q]mgx?, la|h q]mgx?, ultzLn -df]afOn_prfNg] 9f+rfx? -lnlˆ6Ë km«]D;_ / :6«}8n Sofl/o;{ M8426.11.00 ––:yfoL cjnDj -lkmS:8 ;kf]6{_ df ePsf] pmWj{:y-cf]e/x]8_ e|d0fzLn -6«fe]lnË_ q]mgx?8426.12.00 ––6fo/ dfly ePsf] ultzLn -df]afOn_ lnlˆ6Ë km«]dx?/ :6}«8n Sofl/o/x?8426.19.00 ––cGo8426.20.00 –6fj/ q]mgx?8426.30.00 –kf]6{n jf k]8]:6n hLj q]mgx?–:jo+ k|0ff]lbt -;]Nkm k|f]k]N8_, cGo oGqfjnLM8426.41.00 ––6fo/dfly ePsf]8426.49.00 ––cGo–cGo oGqfjnL M8426.91.00 ––/f]8 e]lxsndf h8fg -dfp06_ ug{ cleslNkt-l8hfOg_ ul/Psf]8426.99.00 ––cGo93


84.28 cGo prfNg] -lnlˆ6Ë_, Aoj:yf ug]{ -x\of08lnË_, ef/Lr9fpg] -nf]l8Ë_ jf ef/L cf]x«fNg] -cgnf]l8Ë_ oGqfjnL-pbfx/0ftM lnˆ6x?, P:s]n]6/x?, sge]o/x?,6]lnkm]l/sx?_ .–dfn;fdfgx? -u'8\;_ jf kbfy{x? -Dof6]l/oN;_ sfnflu clj/t sfo{ ug]{ -slG6Go"c; -PS;g_ Plne]6/x?/ sGe]o/x?M8428.31.00 ––e"ldut k|of]u -c08/u|fp08 o"h_ sf] nflu ljz]if?kn] clesNkgf ul/Psf] -l8hfO08_8428.32.00 ––cGo, aflN6g lsl;dsf -as]6 6fOk_8428.33.00 ––cGo, k§f lsl;dsf -a]N6 6fOk_8428.39.00 ––cGo8428.40.00 –rn ;f]kfg -P:s]n]6;{_ x? / ultzLn -d'leË_ ;+r/0fdfu{ -jfsj]h_x?8428.60.00 –6]lnkm]l/S;, r]o/lnˆ6;, l:s–8«ofunfOG; /Hh'/]udfu{ -km'lgs'n;{_ sf] nflu sif{0f oGq /rgf-6«ofS;g d]sflgHd_8428.90.00 –cGo oGqfjnL84.29 :jo+ k|0ff]lbt -;]Nkm–k|f]k]N8_ a'N8f]h/x?, PËn8f]h/x?,u]|8/x?, n]e]n/x?, :s]«k/x?, oflGqs zfj]nx?,PS;Sof–e]6/x?, zfj]n nf]8;{x?, 6\oflDkË dlzg /;8s k]Ng] -/f]8 /f]n;{_ x? .–a'N8f]h/x? / PËn8f]h/x?M8429.11.00 ––af6f] agfpg] -6«ofsn]OË_8429.19.00 ––cGo8429.20.00 –u]|8/x? / n]en/x? -;Dofpg]_8429.30.00 –:s]|k/x?8429.40.00 –6\oflDkË oGqx? / ;8s k]Ng] /f]n/x?–oflGqs zfj]nx?, PS;Sofe]6/ / zfj]n nf]8/x? M8429.51.00 ––km«f}06–O{08 zfj]n nf]8/x?8429.52.00 ––#^) ) w"0f{dfg clw/rgf -l/ef]lNeË ;'k/:6«Sr/_;lxtsf oGqfjnL -dlzg/L_94


8429.59.00 ––cGo84.30 hdLg -cy{_, wft'x? -ldg/N;_ jf wfpx? -cf];{_ sf]nflu :yfgfGt/0f ug]{ jf x6fpg] -d'leË_, juL{s/0f ug]{jf tn ;+t'lnt ug]{ -u]|l8Ë_, ;Eofpg] -n]e]lnË_,tf5\g] -:s]«lkË_, pTvgg ug]{ -PS;s]e]l6Ë_, eg]{-6\oflDkË_ ;';+xt ug]{ -sDKoflS6Ë_, lgisif{0f ug]{-PS;6«oflS6Ë_ jf Kjfn kfg]{ -af]l/Ë_ oGqfjnL-dlzg/L_ .8430.10.00 –vfdf] uf8\g] -kfOn 8«fOe/_ / vfdf] pv]Ng] -kfOnPS;6«ofS6/_8430.20.00 –lx+p hf]Tg] -:gf]–Knf]h_ / lxp+–eftL -:gf]–Anf]c;{_–sf]Onf -sf]n_ jf r§fg -/f}s_ sf6\g] -s§;{_ / ;'?ËvGg] -6g]lnË_ dlzg/LM8430.31.00 ––:jo+ k|0ff]lbt -;]Nkm k|f]k]N8_8430.39.00 ––cGo–cGo l5b«0f ug]{ -af]l/Ë_ jf vGg] -l;lÍË_ oGqfjnL-dlzg/L_M8430.41.00 ––:jo+ k|0ff]lbt -;]Nkm k|f]k]N8_8430.49.00 ––cGo8430.50.00 –cGo oGqfjnL, :jo+ k|0ff]lbt -;]Nkm k|f]k]N8_–cGo oGqfjnL, :jo+ k|0ff]lbt -;]Nkm k|f]k]N8_ gePsf] M8430.61.00 ––k'g]{ jf aGb ug]{ -6\oflDkË_ jf ;';+xt ug]{-sDKoflS6Ë_ oGqfjnL8430.69.00 ––cGo84.32 e"ld tof/ ug]{ -:jfon lk|k/]zg_ jf v]lt ug]{-slN6e]zg_ lgldQsf s[lif -Plu|sNr/_, pBfg s[lif-xl6{sNr/_ jf jflgsL -jghËn_ -kmf]/]i6«L_ ;DaGwLoGqfjnL -dlzg/L_Ù zf4n e"ld -b"af] ;lxtsf] e"ldMnf}g_ jf v]ns"b -d}bfg -:kf]6{\; -u|fp08_ k]Ng] a]ngx?-/f]n;{_.8432.10.00 –xnf]x? -Knf]h_–x\of/f]x?, :Sofl/kmfo;{, slN6e]6/x?, lj8\;{ -´f/lgsfNg]_ / xf]x? M95


8432.21.00 ––l8:s x\of/f]8432.29.00 ––cGo8432.30.00 –jLhjlkqx? -;L8;{_, la?jf /f]Kg] -Knf06;{_ /k|lt/f]ks -6«fG;Knf06;{_ oGqx?8432.40.00 –dn 5g]{ -DofGof]/ :k]|8;{_ / pj{/s ljt/sx?-kml6{nfOh/ l8i6«LAo"6/_8432.80.00 –cGo oGqfjnL -dlzg/L_84.33 afnL sf6\g] -xfe]{l:6Ë_ jf bfgf 5'6\ofpg] -bfO+ ug]{My]|l;Ë_ oGqfjnLx? -dlzg/L_, k/fn -:6«_ jf 3f+; k/fn-kmf]8/_ la6f kfg]{ oGq -a]n;{_Ù 3f+; -u|f;_ jf ;'s]sf]3f+; -x]_ sf6\g] -df]c;{_Ù zLif{s *$=#& sf oGqfjnL-dlzg/L_ afx]ssf km'nx? -PU;_, kmnx? -k|m'6\;_ jfcGo s[lif pTkfbgnfO{ ;kmf ug]{ -lSnlgË_, 5'6\ofpg]-;f]}l6{Ë_ jf juL{s/0f ug]{ -u]|l8Ë_ sfdsf oGqx?-dlzG;_ .–zf4n e"ld -nf}g_, gu/f]Bfg -kfs{_ jf v]ns"bsf]d}bfg -:kf]6{\; u|fp08_ lgldQsf nfjs oGq -3f+;sf6\g]M df]c;{_ M8433.11.00 ––If}lth ;dtn 3'd]/ sf6\g] ;fwg ePsf], zlQmrflnt -sl6Ë l8efO; /f]6]l6Ë Og xf]/fOPh]06n Kn]g,kfj8{_8433.19.00 ––cGo8433.20.00 –cGo 3f+; sf6\g] -df]c;{_, 6«ofS6/df h8fg ug]{ s6/af;{ ;d]t8433.30.00 –cGo 3f+; tof/ ug]{ -x]d]lsË_ oGqfjnL -dlzg/L_8433.40.00 –k/fn jf rf/f -:6« jf kmf]8/_ la6f agfpg] oGq-a]n;{_, -lksck a]n;{_–cGo afnL sf6\g] -xfe]{l:6Ë_ oGqfjnLÙ bfO+ ug]{ jfu]8f ´fg]{ -y]|l;Ë_ oGqfjnL -dlzg/L_M8433.51.00 ––xfe]{:6/–y]|;/sf] ;+of]hg -sDjfOg_8433.52.00 ––cGo y]|l;Ë dlzg/L8433.53.00 ––h/f jf ufgf] -?6 jf 6\o"a/_ sf] afnL ;+u|x ug]{ -xfe]{l:6Ë_ oGqx?8433.59.00 ––cGo96


8433.60.00 –km'n jf c08fx? -PU;_, kmn -km«'6_ jf cGo s[lifhGopTkfbg ;kmf ug]{ -lSnlgË_, 5'6\ofpg] -;f}l6{Ë_ jfjuL{s/0f ug -u]|l8Ë_ oGqx?84.34 b"w b'x'g] oGqx? -ldlNsË dlzG;_ / b'Uwzfnf ;DaGwLoGqfjnL -8]/L dlzg/L_ .8434.10.00 –b"w b'x'g] oGqx? -ldlNsË dlzG;_8434.20.00 –b'Uwzfnf ;DaGwL oGqfjnL -8]/L dlzg/L_84.35 bfvsf] cf;j -jfOg_, :ofpsf] cf;j -;fO8/_, kmnsf]/; -k|m'6 h";_ x? jf o:t} k]o kbfy{x?-lje/]h]h_ sf] pTkfbg -Dofg'ˆofSr/_ df k|of]u x'g];+kL8s bfa oGqx? -k|];];_, blnq jf k]Ng]oGq-qm;;{_ / o:t} oGqfjnL .8435.10.00 –oGqfjnL84.36 cGo s[lif ;DaGwL -Plu|sNr/n_, pBfg s[lif-xl6{sNr/_ ;DaGwL, jflgsL jf jghËn ;DaGwL-kmf]/]i6«L_, k+IfLkfng -kf]N6«L–lslkË_ jf df}/L kfng -aL–lslkË_ ;DaGwL oGqfjnL, oflGqs -d]sflgsn_ jf tfk-yd{n_ pks/0f -OlSjkd]06_ h8fg ePsf] c+s'/0f;+oGq -hld{g]zg Knf06_ ;d]tÙ k+IfLx?sf] rNnf sf9\g]/ aRrf x'sf{pg] oGqx? -kf]N6«L OGSo'j]6\;{ / a|"8;{_ .8436.10.00 –hgfj/x?sf] 3f+; rf/f -Plgdn lkml8Ë :6ˆ;_ tof/ug]{ oGqfjnL–k+IfLkfng oGqfjnLÙ k+IfLx?sf] rNnf sf9\g] aRrfx'sf{pg] oGqx? -kf}N6«L OGSo"a]6;{ / a|"8;{+_M8436.21.00 ––kf]N6«L OGSo"a]6;{ / a'|8;{8436.29.00 ––cGo8436.80.00 –cGo oGqfjnL–cËx? -kf6\;{_M8436.91.00 ––k+IfLkfng -kf}N6«L lslkË_ oGqfjnL jf k+IfLx?sf]rNnf sf9\g] / aRrf x'sf{pg] -kf]N6«L OGSo"a]6;{ /a"|8;{_ sf]97


84.37 aLh -l;8_, bfgf -u]|g_ jf ;'s]sf] bfn ;DaGwL-n]u'ldg;_ jg:kltx? ;kmf ug{, 5'6\ofpg jf 5f+6\g-;f}l6{Ë_ jf juL{s/0f ug{ -u]|l8Ë_ lgldQsf oGqx?Ùs[lif-If]q lsl;dsf -kmfd{–6fOk dlzg/L_ oGqfjnLafx]s, k]if0f pBf]u -ldlnË O08:6«L_ df k|of]u x'g] jfcGg -;]l/oN;_ jf ;'s]sf] bnxg jg:klt -8|«fO8n]u'ldg;Ù e]lh6]an_ sf] sfd lgldQsf] oGqfjnL .8437.10.00 –aLh -l;8_ bfgf -u]|g_ jf ;'s]sf] bnxg jg:klt-8«fO8 n]u'ldg; e]lh6]aN;_ ;kmf ug]{, 5'6\ofpg] jfjuL{s/0f -u]|l8Ë_ ug]{ oGqx?8437.80.00 –cGo oGqfjnL -dlzg/L_84.38 k|f0fLhGo -Plgdn_ jf cjfikzLn jg:klt af];f] jft]n -lkmS:8 e]lh6]an ˆof6 jf cfon_ sf] lgisif{0f-PS;6«ofS;g_ jf tof/ -lk|k/]zg_ ug{ lgldQsf]oGqfjnL afx]s, vfB jf k]o -km'8 jf l8«Í_ sf]cf}Bf]lus lgld{t -lk|k/]zg_ jf pTkfbg -Dofg'ˆofSr/_sf] nflu rflxg], o; efudf cGoq pNn]v gePsf jf;dfj]z gePsf, oGqfjnL -dlzg/L_ .8438.10.00 –j]s/L dlzg/L -kfp/f]6L h:tf vfB kl/sf/ ;DaGwLoGq_ / Dofs/f]gL, :kfu]6L jf o:t} pTkfbgx? lgdf{0fug{ -Dofg'ˆofSr/_ sf nflu rflxg] oGqfjnL8438.20.00 –ld7fO -sGkm]S;g/L_, sf]sf] jf rsn]6 pTkfbg-Dofg'ˆofSr/_ lgldQsf oGqfjnL8438.30.00 –lrgL lgdf{0f -Dofg'ˆofSr/_ lgldQsf oGqfjnL8438.40.00 –dlb/f pTkfbgsf oGqfjnL -a|'c/L dlzg/L_8438.50.00 –df;' -ld6_ jf df;'sf] nflu kflnPsf 3/]n' k+IfLsf]df;' -kf}N6«L_ tof/ ug{ lgldQsf oGqfjnL8438.60.00 –kmnx? -km«'6\;_, sfi7kmnx? -g6\;_ jf jg:kltx?-e]lh6]aN;_ tof/L kfg{ lgldQsf oGqfjnL–cGo oGqfjnL -dlzg/L_ M8438.80.10 ––l6–;l6{Ë d]lzg, l;=l6=l;= d]lzg, lrof km/d]lG6Ëd]lzg, l6–8«fo/ d]lzg, Pn=l6=kL= d]lzg8438.80.90 ––cGo oGqfjnL98


84.39 /]zfbf/ sf]zdo kbfy{x? -kmfOa|; ;]No"nf]lhsDof6]l/on_sf] n]bf] -kNk_ agfpg lgldQsf] jf sfutjf sfutuftf -k]k/af]8{_ agfpg jf kl/is/0f-lkmlglzË_ lgldQsf oGqfjnL .8439.10.00 –/]zfbf/ sf]ifdo kbfy{x? -kmfOa; ;]No'nf]lhsDof6]l/on_ sf] kNk jgfpg lgldQsf oGqfjnL8439.20.00 –sfuh jf sfuhuftf -k]k/af]8{_ agfpg lgldQsfoGqfjnL8439.30.00 –sfuh jf sfuhuftf kl/isf/ -lkmlglzË_ ug{lgldQsf oGqfjnL84.40 k':tssf] uftf af+Wg] -a's–afOl08Ë_ oGqfjnL-dlzg/L_,k':ts l;pg] oGqx? -a's–l;pOË dlzG;_ ;d]t .8440.10.00 –oGqfjnL -dlzg/L_84.41 sfuhsf] kNk -k]k/ kNk_, sfut jf sfutuftf tof/ug{ -d]lsË ck_ lgldQsf cGo oGqfjnL, ;a}lsl;dsf sf6\g] oGqx? -sl6Ë dlzG;_ ;d]t .8441.10.00 –sf6\g] oGqx? -sl6Ë dlzG;_8441.20.00 –y}nf -AofU;_, af]/f -:ofS;_ jf vfd -Pge]nf]k_agfpg] oGqx?8441.30.00 –9fn]/ agfpg] -df]lN8Ë_ afx]ssf, l8Aaf, a§f, aS;f,sGt'/, gnL, kLkf -sf6f]{g, aS;, s];, 6\o"a, 8«d_ jfo:t} cfwfgkfqx? -s06]g;{_ agfpg lgldQsf oGqx?-dlzG;_8441.40.00 –sfutsf] kNk -k]k/ kNk_, sfut jf sfutuftf -k]k/jf k]k/af]8{_ df 9nfg u/L ;fdfg agfpg -df]lN8Ëcfl6{sN;_ lgldQsf oGqx?8441.80.00 –cGo oGqfjnL84.42 kftfx? -Kn]6\;_, a]ngx? -l;lnG8;{_ jf cGo d'b|0fcjojx? tof/ ug{ jf agfpgsf nflu rflxg]oGqfjnL, cf}hf/ / pks/0fx? -zLif{s *$=%^ b]lv*$=^% ;Ddsf oGq / cf}hf/x? afx]s_Ù kftfx?-Kn]6\;_, a]ngx? -l;lnG8;{_ / cGo d'b|0f cjojx?Ùd'b|0f k|of]hgsf nflu tof/ kfl/Psf kftfx? -Kn]6\;_,a]ngx? -l;lnG8;{_ / lnyf]u|flkms :6f]gx? -pbfx/0fsf]nflu ;dtn kfl/Psf] -Kn]08_, sl0fsflÍt -u]|08_ jfrDsfOPsf] -kf]lnZ8__ .99


8442.30.00 –oGqfjnL, cf}hf/ -Pk/]6;_ / pks/0f -OlSjkd]06_84.43 Kn]6x?, l;ln08/x? / zLif{s =@ sf 5kfO{sf cGopkfbfgx?åf/f d'b|0f sfo{sf] nflu k|of]u x'g] 5fKg]-d'b|0f_ oGqfjnLÙ cGo d'b|0f oGqx?, k|ltlnlk ptfg]{oGqx?, / ˆofS; ug]{ oGqx?, ;+of]lht ePsf jfgePsfÙ ltgsf cËx? / ;xfos j:t'x? -kf6\;{ P08P;];l/h_ .–Kn]6x?, l;ln08/x? / zLif{s =@ sf 5kfO{sf cGopkfbfgx?åf/f d'b|0f sfo{sf] nflu k|of]u x'g] 5fKg]-d'b|0f_ oGqfjnLM8443.11.00 ––ckm;]6 d'b|0f oGqfjnL, l/n km]88443.12.00 ––ckm;]6 d'b|0f oGqfjnL, zL6 km]8 -sfutsf] tfpdf5fKg]_, sfof{no k|sf/sf] -clkm; 6fOk_ -gbf]afl/Psf]cj:yfdf Psfkl§ @@ ;]=ld=eGbf a9L gePsf] /csf]{kl§ #^ ;]=ld= eGbf a9L gePsf] tfp -zL6_ x?k|of]u x'g]_8443.13.00 ––cGo ckm;]6 d'b|0f oGqfjnL8443.14.00 ––n]6/ k|]; lk|lG6Ë dlzg/L, l/n k]m8, ˆn]S;f]u|flkmslk|l06Ë afx]s8443.15.00 ––n]6/ k|]; lk|lG6Ë dlzg/L, l/n k]m8 afx]s,ˆn]S;f]u|flkms lk|l06Ëafx]s8443.16.00 ––ˆn]S;f]u|flkms lk|l06Ë dlzg/L8443.17.00 ––pTsL0f{g d'b«0f oGqfjnL -Uo|fj'c/ lk|l06Ë dlzg/L_8443.19.00 ––cGo84.44 8444.00.00 dfgj lgld{t -Dofg–d]8_ jogLo kbfy{ -6]S;6fOnDof6]l/on_ nfO{ lgM>j0f jf pT;f/0f ug]{ -PS:6'«l8Ë_,cfx/0f jf lgsif{0f -8«OË_ ug]{, v;|f] agfj6sf] nfluk|s[of ug]{ -6]S;rl/Ë_ jf sf6\g] -sl6Ë_ sfd lgldQsfoGqx? .100


84.45 jogLo /]zfx? -6]S;6fOn kmfOa;{_ tof/ kfg]{-lk|k]ol/Ë_ oGqx?Ù sfTg] -l:klgË_, bf]xf]/f] kfg]{ -8alnË_jf a6fg]{ -6\jLl:Ë_ oGqx? / jogLo wfuf] -6]S;6fOnofg{_ pTkfbg ug{ lgldQsf cGo oGqfjnLÙ 6]S;6fOnl/lnË jf jfOl08Ë -j]ˆ6 jfOl08Ë ;d]t_ oGqx? /zLif{s *$=$^ jf *$=$& sf oGqx?df k|of]u ug{jogLo wfuf] -6]S;6fOn ofg{_ tof/ kfg]{ sfd lgldQsfoGqx? .8445.11.00 ––sfl8Ë dlzG;–jogLo /]zf -6]S;6fOn kmfOj;{_ tof/ ug]{ oGqx? M8445.12.00 ––sf}lDjË dlzG; -sf]g]{ oGq_8445.13.00 ––8«OË jf /f]leË dlzG;8445.19.00 ––cGo8445.20.00 –jogLo j:t' sfTg] -6]S;6fOn l:klgË_ oGqx?8445.30.00 –jogLo j:t' bf]xf]/f] kfg]{ -8alnË_ jf a6fg]{ -6\jLl:6Ë_oGqx?8445.40.00 –6]S;6fOn jfOl08Ë -j]ˆ6–jfOl08Ë ;d]t_ jf l/lnËdlzgx?8445.90.00 –cGo84.46 a'Gg] oGqx? -ljleË dlzG;_ -s/3fM n"D;_ .8446.10.00 –#) ;]= dL= eGbf sd rf}8fO ePsf] sk8f -ˆofla|S;_a'Ggsf] nflu–#) ;]=dL= eGbf a9L rf}8fO ePsf] sk8f a'Ggsf]nflu, y'/L{–lsl;dsf] -z6n 6fOk_M8446.21.00 ––zlQmrflnt s/3f -kfj/ n"d_8446.29.00 ––cGo8446.30.00 –#) ;]=dL= eGbf a9L rf}8fO ePsf] sk8f a'Ggsf]nflu, y'/L{xLg lsl;dsf] -z6n n]; 6fOk_84.47 lgl6ª dlzG;, l:6r af}l08Ë dlzG; / wft' jf /]zdsf]tf/ ldl>t wfuf] -luDK8 ofg{_, 6"n -;"Id /]zdLhfnL_, lkmtf -n];_, sf/rf]kL -ODa|fO8/L_, zf]ef]ks/0f-l6«ldË;_, /]zdL k§L -a]|8_ jf hfnL -g]6_ agfpglgldQsf oGqx? / u'R5fbf/ agfpg -6lˆ6Ë_ lgldQsfoGqx? .101


–;s{'n/ lgl6ª dlzG; M8447.11.00 ––a]ng -l;ln08/_ sf] Aof; -8fold6/_ !^% dLdLeGbf a9L gePsf]8447.12.00 ––a]ng -l;ln08/_ sf] Aof; -8fold6/_ !^% dLdLeGbf a9L ePsf]8447.20.00 –ˆNof6 lgl6Ë dlzG;; l:6r af}l08Ë dlzG;8447.90.00 –cGo84.49 8449.00.00 6'qmf -yfg_ -Og b lk;_ jf cfs[ltdf -Og z]K;_ePsf hdf]7 -km]N6_ jf ggpe]G;sf] lgdf{0f-Dofg'ˆofSr/_ jf kl/is/0f -lkmlglzË_ lgldQsfoGqfjnL -dlzg/L_, km]N6 x\of6\; agfpgsf] nflurflxg] oGqfjnL ;d]tÙ x\of6x? agfpgsf] nfluAnf}sx? .84.51 jogLo -6]S;6fOn_ wfuf]x? -ofG;{_, sk8fx?-ˆofla|S;_ jf sk8f kbfy{sf tof/L ;fdfgx? -d]8 ck6]S;6fOn cfl6{sN;_ w'g -jflzË_, ;kmf ug{ -lSnlgË_,lgrf]g{ -l/ËluË_, ;'sfpg -8«fOË_, O:t/L ug{-cfO/lgË_, k|]l;Ë -ˆo"lhË k]|;x? ;d]t_ ug{ clj/+lhtug{ -lAnlrË_, /+lht ug{ -8fOË_, kl/is/0f ug{ -8]«l;Ë_lkmlglzË_, n]kg ug{ -sf]l6Ë_ jf ;+l;Qm ug{-OlDk|Ug]l6Ë_ lgldQsf oGqfjnL dlzg/L_ -zLif{s*$=%) sf oGqx? afx]s_ / lngf]lnod h:tf s[l§dcfR5fbg -ˆnf]/ sel/Ë;_ x?sf] lgdf{0f -Dofg'ˆofSr/_df k|o'Qm tnj:q -a]; ˆofla|s_ jf cGo cfwf/ -;kf]6{_df n]bf] -k]:6_ sf] n]k ug{ lgldQsf oGqx?Ù tfGtj-6]S;6fOn_ sk8fx? -ˆofla|s_ l/ndf a]g]{ -l/lnË_l/naf6 km'sfpg] -cgl/lnË_, k6\ofpg] -kmf]lN8Ë_, sf6\g]-sl6Ë_ jf l5b«bf/ a'§f kfg]{ -lkªlsË_ lgldQsfoGqx? .8451.29.00 ––cGo–;'sfpg] -zf]ifs_ oGqx? M8451.30.00 –O:t/L ug]{ oGq / k]|;x? -ˆo"lhË k]|;x? ;d]t_8451.40.00 –w'g] -jflzË_, lj/+lht ug]{ -lAnlrË_ jf /+lht ug]{-8«fOË_ oGqx?102


8451.50.00 –sk8fnfO{ l/ndf a]g]{ -l/lnË_, l/naf6 km'sfpg]-cgl/lnË_, k§ofpg] -kmf]lN8Ë_, sf6\g] -sl6Ë_ jfl5b«bf/ a'§f kfg]{ -lkªlsË_ lgldQsf oGqx?8451.80.00 –cGo oGqfjnL84.52 l;pg] sn -;LpOË dzLg_, zLif{s *$=$) sf] k':tsl;pg] -a's;LpOË_ sn -dzLg_ afx]s l;pg] snsf]nflu ljz]if ?kn] cleslNkt -l8hfO08_ kmlg{r/,cfwf/x? -a];];_ / 9sgL -se;{_ x?Ù l;pg] snsf]l;of] -;LpOË dlzg lg8N;_ x? .–cGo l;pg] snx?M8452.21.00 ––:jrflnt OsfO{x? -c6f]d]l6s o"lg6\;_8452.29.00 ––cGo84.53 sf+rf] 5fnf -xfO8\;, l:sG;_ jf kfsf] 5fnf -n]b/_tof/ ug]{ -lk|k]ol/Ë_, k|zf]wg ug]{ -6\oflgË_ jf ;f]sf]sfd ug]{ -jls{Ë_ jf sf+rf] 5fnf -xfO8\;, l:sG;_ jfkfsf] 5fnf -n]b/_ sf kfpkf]z jf cGo j:t'x? agfpg]jf dd{t ug]{ oGqfjnL -dlzg/L_, l;pg] sn afx]s .8453.10.00 –sf+rf] 5fnf -xfO8\;, l:sG;_ jf kfsf] jf kl/is[t5fnf -n]b/_ tof/ ug{ -lk|k]ol/Ë_, k|zf]wg ug{-6\oflgË_ jf ;f]sf] sfd ug{ lgldQsf oGqfjnL-dlzg/L_8453.20.00 –kfpkf]z agfpg jf dd{t ug{ lgldQsf oGqfjnL8453.80.00 –cGo oGqfjnL84.54 wft'sd{ -d]6fnhL{_ df jf wft'sf] 9nfO{ sf/vfgf-kmfp08«L_ x?df k|of]u x'g] vfnsf, ;+kl/jt{sx?-sGe6{;{_, 8f8"x? -Nof8N;_, wft'sf l;NnL jf O{6x?-Oguf}6_ agfpg] ;f+rfx? -df}N8\;_ / 9nfO ug]{-sfl:6Ë_ oGqx? -dlzG;_ .8454.10.00 –;+kl/jQ{sx? -sGe6{;{_8454.20.00 –wft'sf l;NnL jf O{6 agfpg] ;f+rfx? -Oguf}6df]N8\;_8454.30.00 –wft'sf 9nfO{ ug]{ oGqx? -sfli6Ë dlzG;_84.55 wft' a]ng ug]{ -d]6n/f]lnË_ sf/vfgfx? -ldN;_ /ltgsf nflu rflxg] j]ngx? -/f]N;_ .8455.10.00 –gn sf/vfgf -6\o"a ldN;_ x?103


–cGo j]ng ug]{ sf/vfgfx? -/f]lnË ldN;_ M8455.21.00 ––tfk -xf}6_ jf tfk / zLtsf] ;+of]hg -slDag]zg xf}6P08 sf]N8_8455.22.00 ––lzt -sf]N8_8455.30.00 –a]ng sf/vfgf -/f]lnË ldn_ sf] a]ngx? -/f]N;_84.56 kbfy{sf] ck;f/0f -l/d'en_ åf/f, n]h/ jf cGo k|sfzjf kmf]6f]g ls/0f -lad_ åf/f, cN6«f;f]lgs,Pn]S6«]fl8:rfh{, ljB't\–/;fog -Pn]S6«f]–s]ldsn_,Pn]S6«f]g ls/0f -lad_, cfof]lgs–lad jf KnfHdf cfs{k|s[ofx?åf/f s'g} klg kbfy{sf] sfd ug]{ oGqcf}hf/x?-dzLg 6'N;_Ù jf6/–h]6 sl6ª d]lzg .8456.10.00 –n]h/ jf cGo k|sfz jf kmf]6f]g ls/0f k|s[ofx?åf/f;+rflnt8456.20.00 –cN6«f;f]lgs k|s[ofåf/f ;+rflnt8456.30.00 –On]S6«f] –l8:rfh{ k|s[ofåf/f ;+rflnt8456.90.00 –cGo84.57 wft'df sfd ug]{ dlzlgË ;]06/x?, o"lg6 sG:6«S;gdlzgx? -l;Ën :6]zg_ / dlN6:6]zg 6«fG;km/dlzgx? .8457.10.00 –dlzlgË ;]06/x?8457.20.00 –o"lg6 sG:6«S;g oGqx? -l;+un :6]zg_8457.30.00 –dN6L:6];g 6«fG;km/ oGqx?84.58 wft' -d]6n_ df ePsf kmf]x/ d}nf / bfux? x6fpg-l/d'leË d]6n_ lgldQsf n]yx? -6lg{Ë ;]06;{;d]t_ .–;dtn-xf]/fOh]06n_ n]yx?M8458.11.00 ––;+flVos ?kn] lgolGqt -Go"d]l/snL s06«f]N8_8458.19.00 ––cGo–cGo n]yx?M8458.91.00 ––;+flVos ?kn] lgolGqt -Go"d]l/snL s06«f]N8_8458.99.00 ––cGo104


84.59 zLif{s *$=%* sf] n]yx? -v/fb_ -6lg{Ë ;]06/nufot_ afx]s, wft'sf] bfux? ;kmf u/L plhNofP/5]8\g] -l8«lnË_, Kjfn kfg]{ af]l/Ë_, rDsfpg] -ldlnlË_k]+r jf 3f6 agfpg] -y|]l8Ë jf 6\oflkË_ sfo{ lgldQsfoflGqs cf}hf/x? -dlzg–6'N;_ -j]–6fOk o"lg6 x]8dlzg ;d]t_ .8459.10.00 –j] –6fOk o"lg6 x]8oGq -dzLg_–cGo 5]bs oGqx? -l8«lnË dlzG;_M8459.21.00 ––;f+lVos ?kn] lgolGqt -Go"d]l/snL s06«f]N8_8459.29.00 ––cGo–cGo 5]8\g] rDsfpg] -af]l/Ë–ldlnË_ oGqx? M8459.31.00 ––;f+lVos ?kn] lgolGqt -Go"d]l/snL s06«f]N8_8459.39.00 ––cGo8459.40.00 –cGo Kjfn kfg]{ -af]l/Ë_ oGqx? -dlzg_–lg–6fOk, ldlnË dlzgx? M8459.51.00 ––;f+lVos ?kn] lgolGqt -Go"d]l/snL s06«f]N8_8459.59.00 ––cGo–cGo ldlnË dlzgx?M8459.61.00 ––;f+lVos ?kn] lgolGqt -Go"d]l/snL s06«f]N8_8459.69.00 ––cGo8459.70.00 –efn] kf]yL k]+r sf6\g] jf 3f6 agfpg] cGo oGqx?-y]|l8Ë jf 6\oflkË dlzG;_84.65 sf7 -p8_, ss{, xf8 -af]g_, s8f /a/, s8f Knfl:6sjf o:t} s8f kbfy{sf] sfd ug{ lgldQsf oflGqscf}hf/x? -dlzg–6'N;_ -lsnf 7f]Sg] -g]lnË_, dl;gf]tf/sf] l;nfO -:6]klnË_, ;/];n] 6f+:g] -Un"OË_ jf cGolsl;daf6 ;+of]hg ug]{ -cb/jfOh P;]DalnË_ sfdsfoGqx? ;d]t_ .–cGo M8465.92.00 ––/08f ug]{ jf ;dtn ug]{ -Kn]lgË_, ldlnË jf df]lN8Ë-sl6Ë u/]/_ dzLgx?84.70 8470.90.00 –Sof; d]lzg105


84.74 7f]; -r"0f{ -kfp8/_ jf n]bf] -k]i6_ ;d]t_ ?kdf-ePsf_ df6f] -cy{_, kTy/ -:6f]g, wfpx? cf];{_ jf cGowflTjs tTjx? -ldg/n ;J:6fG;]h_ nfO{ 5'6\ofpg]-;f}l6{Ë_, 5fGg] -l:s«lgË_, cnu ug]{ -;]k/]l6Ë_, w'g]-jflzË_, k]Ng] -s«lzË_, lk+Wg] -u|fOl08Ë_, ld;fpg]-ldlS;Ë_ jf d'5\g] -lgl8Ë_ lgldQsf oGqfjnLÙ r"0f{ jfn]bf] -kfp8/ jf k]:6_ ?kdf -ePsf]_ 7f]; vlghOGwgx? -;f]lnË ldg/n ˆo"PN;_, lrlgof+ df6fsf] n]bf]-;]/flds k]i6_, s8f ge};s]sf] l;d]06 -cgxf8]{08l;d]06_, Knfi6/ kbfy{x? -Knfi6l/Ë Dof6]l/oN;_, jfcGo vlgh pTkfbgx?nfO{ Pslqt ug{ -PUnf]d/]l6Ë_,cfsf/ lbg -z]lkË_ jf 9nfg ug{ -df}lN8Ë_ lgldQsfoGqfjnLx?Ù afn'jf -:of08_ sf] 9nfg ug]{ ;f+rf]x?-kmfp08«L df]N8\;_ agfpg] oGqx? .8474.10.00 –;f]l6{Ë, l:s«lgË, ;]k/]l6Ë jf jflzË dlzgx?8474.20.00 –s«lzË jf u|fOl08Ë dlzgx?–ldlS;Ë jf lgl8Ë dlzgx?M8474.31.00 ––s+qmL6 jf df]6f/ ldS;/x?8474.32.00 ––lj6'ldg;fy vlgh tTjx? ld>0f ug]{ oGqx?8474.39.00 ––cGo8474.80.00 –cGo oGqfjnL -dlzg/L_84.75 j}B'lts -On]lS6«s_ jf On]S6«f]lgs bLlksf -NofDk_,glnsf -6\o"a_ jf efNe jf bLlKts+b -ˆNof; aNaMlrd_ x?nfO{ sf+rsf] vf]n -Unf; Oge]nk_ leq h8fg-P;]lDAnË_ lgldQsf oGqx?Ù sf+r jf sf+rsf ;fdfglgdf{0f -Dofg'ˆofSr/_ jf tfksfo{ -xf}6 jls{Ë_lgldQsf oGqx? .8475.10.00 –On]lS6«s jf On]S6«f]lgs NofDkx?, 6\o"ax? jf efNex?jf ˆNofzaNax?nfO{ sf+rsf] vf]n -Unf; Oge]nK;_ x?leq h8fg -P;]DalnË_ lgldQsf oGqx?–sf+r jf sf+rsf ;fdfg -Unf; jf Unf;j]o/_ lgdf{0f-Dofg'ˆofSr/_ jf tfk sfo{ -xf}6 jls{Ë_ lgldQsfoGqx?8475.21.00 ––rIf'; –tGt' jf sf+rsf tGt' -cf]lK6sn kmfOj;{_ /To;sf] k"j{?k -lk|kmf}d{_ agfpg lgldQsf oGqx?8475.29.00 ––cGo106


8475.90.00 –cGo84.77 o; efusf cGoq pNn]v gePsf jf ;dfj]z gePsf,/a/ jf Knfli6ssf] sfd ug{ -jls{Ë_ lgldQsf jf oLkbfy{x?sf pTkfbgx? -k|f]8S6\;_ sf] lgdf{0f-Dofg'ˆofSr/_ lgldQsf oGqfjnL -dlzg/L_ .8477.10.00 –OGh]S;g–df}lN8Ë dlzgx?8477.20.00 –PS;6'8;{8477.30.00 –Anf] –df]lN8Ë dlzgx?8477.40.00 –Eofs'cd df]lN8Ë dlzgx? / cGo ydf]{kmf]ld{Ëdlzgx?–9nfg ug{ -df}lN8Ë_ lgldQsf jf cGo 9+uaf6 agfpg]-cb/jfOh kmf]}ld{Ë_ cGo oGqfjnLM8477.51.00 ––xfjfbf/L -Go"Dofl6s_ 6fo/x? 9nfg ug{ -df]lN8Ë_ jfk'gM tnf -k}tnf_ xfNg -l/l6«l8Ë_ jf leqL 6\o"ax?9nfg ug{ jf cGo 9+uaf6 agfpg -cb/jfOh kmf]ld{Ë_sf] nflu8477.59.00 ––cGo8477.80.00 –cGo oGqfjnL -dlzg/L_84.78 ;"tL{ jf tdfv' tof/ ug{ jf agfpg -lk|kol/Ë jfd]lsËck_ lgldQsf] oGqfjnL -dlzg/L_, o; efudfcGoq pNn]v gePsf jf ;dfj]z gePsf .8478.10.00 –oGqfjnL -dlzg/L_84.79 o; efusf] cGoq pNn]v gePsf jf ;dfj]z gePsf,AolQmut sfo{ -Ogl8leh'cn kmÍ;G;_ ePsf oGqx? /oflGqs ;flwqx? -d]sflgsn cKnfoG;];_ .8479.10.00 –;fj{hlgs lgdf{0f -klAns js{\;_, ejg lgdf{0f-lalN8Ë_ jf o:t} sfo{ lgldQsf oGqfjnL8479.20.00 –k|f0fLsf] jf cjfikzLn -lkmS;\8_ jfg:klts af];f] jft]n tof/ ug]{ -lk|k]/]zg_ jf lgisif{0f -PS;6«fS;g_lgldQsf oGqfjnL8479.30.00 –sf7 -p8_ jf cGo sfi7Lo -lnlUgo;_ kbfy{x?sfkfl6{sn af]8{ jf kmfOa/ lalN8Ë af]8{ lgdf{0f-Dofg'ˆofSr/_ lgldQsf k]|; -bfjs oGq_x? / sf7 jfss{sf] pkrf/ lgldQsf oGqfjnL107


8479.40.00 –8f]/L /:;f agfpg] -/f]k jf s]jn–d]lsË_ oGqx? tf/agfpg] oGq–cGo oGqx? / oflGqs pks/0fx? M8479.81.00 ––wft'sf] pkrf/ -l6«l6Ë_ sf] nflu, tf/sf] s'08nL a]g]{j}B'lts oGq -On]lS6«s jfo/ SjfOn-jfO08;{_ ;d]t8479.82.00 ––ldlS;Ë, lgl8Ë, s«lzË, u|fOl08Ë, :s«LlgË, l;lˆ6Ë,xf]df]h]gfOlhË, OdlN;kmfOË jf :6l/Ë dlzgx?––cGo M8479.89.10 –––;fj'g pBf]usf] d]lzg/L84.80 wft' 9nfOzfnf -kmfp08«L_ sf] nflu 9nfOsf aS;fx?-df]lN8Ë af}S;];_Ù df]N8 a];x?Ù 9nfO gd"gfx?-df}lN8Ë Kof6;{_Ù wft', d]6n sf/afO8\, sf+r, vlghkbfy{x?, /a/ jf Knfli6s 9fNg] ;f+rf]x? -df]N8\;_-wft'sf] l;lnsf -Oguf}6_ 9fNg] ;f+rf] afx]s_ .8480.10.00 –d]6n kmfp08«Lsf] nflu df]lN8Ë aS;x?8480.20.00 –df]N8a];x?8480.30.00 –df]lN8Ë Kof6G;{–wft' jf wft'sf] sfjf{O8sf lgldQsf ;f+rf] -df]N8_ x?M8480.41.00 ––cGtMIf]k -OGh]S;g_ jf ;+kL8g -sDk]|zg_ lsl;d-6fOk_ sf]8480.49.00 ––cGo8480.50.00 –sf+r lgldQsf] 9fNg] ;f+rf] -df]N8\;_8480.60.00 –vgLh kbfy{x? lgldQsf] 9nfOsf] ;f+rf] -df]N8\;_–/a/ jf Knfli6s lgldQsf] 9nfOsf] ;f+rf] -df]N8\;_M8480.71.00 ––OGh]S;g jf sDk|];g 6fOK;8480.79.00 ––cGo87.02 8«fOe/ ;d]t !) jf ;f] eGbf a9L ofq'x? af]Sg] df]6/uf8Lx? .–sDk|];g–OlUg;g OG6/gn sDa;g lki6f]g OlGhg-l8h]n jf c4{ l8h]n_ ePsf] M8702.10.90 ––PDj'n]G; / zjjfxg108


–cGo M87.03 d"ntM dflg;sf] oftfoftsf] nflu ag]sf df]6/ sf/x?/ cGo df]6/ uf8Lx? -zLif{s *&=)@ afx]ssf_, :6];gjfu]g / /];Lª sf/ ;d]t .–:kfs{–OlUg;g OG6/gn sDa;g /];Lk|f]s]l6ª lki6f]gOlGhg ePsf cGo uf8Lx?M––l;ln08/ Ifdtf !,))) ;L=;L= ggf3]sf]M8703.21.90 –––PDj'n]G; / zjjfxg8703.22.00 ––l;ln08/ Ifdtf !,))) ;L=;L= gf3]sf] t/ !,%));L=;L= ggf3]sf] PDj'n]G; / zjjfxg8703.23.00 ––l;ln08/ Ifdtf !,%)) ;L=;L= gf3]sf] t/ #,)));L=;L= ggf3]sf] PDj'n]G; / zjjfxg8703.24.00 ––l;ln08/ Ifdtf #,))) ;L=;L= gf3]sf] PDj'n]G; /zjjfxg–sDk|];g–OlUg;g OG6/gn sDa;g lki6f]g OlGhg-l8h]n jf cw{ l8h]n_ ePsf cGo uf8Lx? M8703.31.00 ––l;ln08/ Ifdtf !,%)) ;L=;L= ggf3]sf] PDj'n]G; /zjjfxg8703.32.00 ––l;ln08/ Ifdtf !,%)) ;L=;L= gf3]sf] t/ @,%));L=;L= ggf3]sf] PDj'n]G; / zjjfxg8703.33.00 ––l;ln08/ Ifdtf @,%)) ;L=;L= gf3]sf] PDj'n]G; /zjjfxg8703.90.11 ––ljB't jf Aof6«Laf6 ;+rflnt 6]Dkf] tyf l/S;f87.05 d"ntM AolQm jf j:t'x?sf] oftfoftsf nflu agfOPsfafx]ssf vf; p2]Zosf df]6/ uf8Lx? -h:t} cj/f]wug]{ nx/L -a]|s 8fpg n/L_, qm]g nx/Lx?, bdsnx? -kmfo/ kmfOl6Ë e]Osn_, s+lqm6 ld>0f nx/L, ;8sa9fg]{ sfdsf nx/Lx?, :k|]Oª nx/Lx?, 3'DtL, js{ ;k,3'DtL /]l8of]nf]lhsn OsfO{x? .8705.30.00 –bdsnx? -kmfo/ kmfOl6ª e]Osn_87.06 zLif{s *&=)! b]lv *&=)% ;Ddsf] df]6/ uf8Lsf nfluOlGhg;+u hf]l8Psf r]l;; .8706.00.15 – Jof6«Laf6 rNg] 6]Dkf]sf] r]l;;109


88.02 cGo jfo'ofg -Po/qmfˆ6_ -pbfx/0fsf] nflu,x]lnsf]K6/x?, xjfOhxfh -P/f]Kn]g_ x?_Ù cGtl/Ifofg-:k];qmfˆ6_ -pku|x -:of6]nfO6_ ;d]t / u|xfg'ky-;jf]lj{6n_ / cGtl/Ifofg -:k];q\mofˆ6_ k|If]k0fjfxgx? -nfp~r e]lxsN;_ .–x]lnsf]K6/x? M8802.11.00 ––;fdfg gxfNbfsf] -x]lns]fK6/sf] dfq_ tf}n @,)))s]=hL= ggf3]sf]8802.12.00 ––;fdfg gxfNbfsf] -x]lnsf]K6/sf] dfq_ tf}n @,)))s]=hL= gf3]sf]8802.20.00 –;fdfg gxfNbfsf] xjfOhxfh jf cGo xjfOhxfhsf]tf}n @,))) s]=hL= ggf3]sf8802.30.00 –;fdfg gxfNbfsf] xjfOhxfh jf cGo xjfOhxfhsf]tf}n dfq @,))) s]=hL= gf3]sf] t/ !%,))) s]=hL=ggf3]sf]8802.40.00 –;fdfg gxfNbfsf] xjfOhxfh jf cGo xjfOhxfhsf]dfq tf}n !%,))) s]=hL= gf3]sf]88.05 xjfOhxfh p8fpg] luo/Ù 8]s–P/]i6/ jf o:t} luo/Ùp8fg cEof; ;DaGwL ;fdfg -u|fp08 ˆnfOË 6«]g/_Ùdfly plNnlvt ;fdfgx?sf kf6{k"hf{x? .-cf_8805.10.00 –xjfOhxfh p8fpg] luo/ / ltgsf kf6{k"hf{x?; 8]sP/]i6/ jf To:t} luo/ / ltgsf kf6{k"hf{x?cGo j:t' tyf ;]jfx?!= lzt e08f/n] pknAw u/fpg] s[lif k}bfjf/ e08f/0f ;]jf@=x'nfs ;]jf -g]kfn ;/sf/af6 ;~rflnt dfq_-s_ lr7Lkq, k};f tyf k'lnGbf kl/jxg jf x:tfGt/0f ;DaGwL ;]jf .-v_ lr7Lkq, k};f tyf k'lnGbf kl/jxg x:tfGt/0f ;DaGwL ;]jfsf] nflucfjZos kg]{ cGo ;]jfx¿ .-u_ g]kfn ;/sf/åf/f k|bfg ug]{ ;]jfx¿ .#= ljQLo ;]jf, hLjg aLdf ;]jf, k'gaL{df ;]jf, s[lif afnL aLdf, kz' aLdf /;dfzf]wg u[x -lSnol/Ë xfp;_ ;]jf .$= jftfj/0f, lj1fg tyf k|ljlw dGqfnosf] l;kmfl/zdf ;kmf 6]Dkf]df k|of]ux'g] l8k ;fOsn ln8 Pl;8 Jof6«Lx? -pkzLif{s *%)&=@)=))_ .110


%= j}slNks phf{ k|j{4g s]Gb|sf] l;kmfl/;df afof] UofF;, ;f}o{ zlQm / jfo'zlQmaf6 phf{ pTkfbg ug]{ ;+oGq tyf pks/0fx¿, 6\o"jn/ Aof6«L-pkzLif{s *%)&=@)_, Pj+ pkzLif{s ($)%=$) df kg]{ ;f]nf/ ln8 l8l;aQLx?, pkzLif{s @()%=#@, &$!)=@!, &^)&=!(, *$)#=!), *$)#=(),*$!@=*), *$!#=*!, *$!(=!(, *$!(=#! / *%!^=^) cGtu{t kg]{;f}o{ tfk pmhf{ ;DaGwL pks/0f / kf6{k'hf{x? / ;f]nf/ rfh{ sG6«f]n/-pkzLif{s *%)$=$)_ .^= pBf]u ljefusf] l;kmfl/zdf h'6 pBf]un] cfkm\gf] pBf]usf] ;+rfngsf]nflu k}7f/L ug]{ :k]o/ kf6{\; .&= pmgL un}+rf tyf un}+rfsf] pmgL wfuf] stfO{, /ËfO{, w'nfO{ / a'gfO{ .*= :j]bzd} xftn] a'lgg] :jL6/df k|of]u x'g] pmgL wfuf] -s[lqd / Pqm]lnsafx]s_ .(= g]kfn ;/sf/ cy{ dGqfnoaf6 :jLs[lt k|fKt ePsf] s'g} b}jL k|sf]k jfk/f]ksf/sf] nflu cg'bfgdf k|fKt x'g] j:t'x¿ .!)= lem6L, u'06f, ef/L cfb]zsf] ;'ljwf cGtu{t k}7f/L ul/Psf] eG;f/ dx;'ngnfUg] JolQmut k|of]hgsf j:t'x¿ .!!= ;nfO{ -sf7sf] sf6L dfq_, w'k / 6fo/–6\o'a pBf]ux¿n] cfˆgf] pTkfbgsf]pQm ;fdfg laqmL ubf{ p7fPsf] s/af6 vl/bdf lt/]sf] s/ 36fpFbf afFsLa'emfpg' kg]{ b]lvPsf] s/ a/fa/sf] /sd ljefun] tf]s]sf] k|lqmof adf]lhdtL pBf]unfO{ lkmtf{ lbOg]5 .!@=d}bf pBf]un] cfˆgf] pTkfbg -d}bf_ laqmL ubf{ p7fPsf] s/af6 vl/bdflt/]sf] s/ 36fpFbf afFsL a'emfpg' kg]{ b]lvPsf] s/ a/fa/sf] /sdljefun] tf]s]sf] k|lqmof adf]lhd kRrL; k|ltzt dfq lkmtf{ lbOg]5 .!#= tf]/Lsf] t]n pTkfbg ug]{ :jb]zL pBf]un] cfˆgf] pTkfbgsf] tf]/Lsf] t]n /:jb]zdf pTkflbt jg:ktL £o" / cGo k|zf]lwt vfg]t]n pBf]un] d"Noclej[l4 s/df btf{ ePsf s/bftfx?nfO{ cfˆgf] pTkfbg laqmL ubf{p7fPsf] d"No clej[l4 s/df krf; k|ltzt d"No clej[l4 s/ cfGtl/s/fh:j ljefun] tf]s]sf] k|lqmof adf]lhd lkmtf{ lbOg]5 . t/ 7"nf] kl/df0f(Bulk) df k|zf]lwt t]n k}7f/L u/L pkef]Qmf Kofs]hdf KoflsË-Refilling_ u/L laqmL ljt/0f ug]{ Kofs]lhË pBf]ux?n] o:tf] ;'ljwfkfpg] 5}gg\ .111


!$= b'Uw kbfy{sf] sf/f]af/ ug]{ :jb]zL 8]/L pBf]un] cfˆgf] s/ of]Uo pTkfbglaqmL ubf{ p7fPsf] d"No clej[l4 s/df krf; k|ltzt d"No clej[l4 s/cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefun] tf]s]sf] k|lqmof adf]lhd lkmtf{ lbOg]5 .!%= :jb]zdf lrof pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg ug]{ pBf]ux?n] d"No clej[l4 s/dfbtf{ ePsf s/bftfx?nfO{ cfˆgf] pTkfbg laqmL ubf{ p7fPsf] d"Noclej[l4 s/df krf; k|ltzt d"No clej[l4 s/ cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefun]tf]s]sf] k|lqmof adf]lhd lkmtf{ lbOg]5 .!^= tfdf lkQnsf] kq'af6 l;6, ;s{n / ef‘8fjt{g pTkfbg ug]{ :jb]zL pBf]un]d"No clej[l4 s/df btf{ ePsf s/bftfx?nfO{ cfˆgf] pTkfbg laqmL ubf{p7fPsf] d"No clej[l4 s/df kRrL; k|ltzt d"No clej[l4 s/ cfGtl/s/fh:j ljefun] tf]s]sf] k|lqmof adf]lhd lkmtf{ lbOg]5 .!&=:jb]zL sk8f pBf]un] d"No clej[l4 s/df btf{ ePsf s/bftfnfO{ cfˆgf]pTkfbg laqmL ubf{ p7fPsf] d"No clej[l4 s/df ;Q/L k|ltzt d"Noclej[l4 s/ cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefun] tf]s]sf] k|lqmof adf]lhd lkmtf{lbOg]5 .t/ zt k|ltzt ;'tL sk8f pTkfbg ug]{ :jb]zL sk8f pBf]unfO{pBf]un] cfˆgf] pTkfbg laqmL ubf{ p7fPsf] d"No clej[l4 s/af6 vl/bdflt/]sf] d"No clej[l4 s/ 36fpFbf afFsL a'emfpg' kg]{ b]lvPsf] d"Noclej[l4 s/ a/fa/sf] /sd ljefun] tf]s]sf] k|lqmof adf]lhd lkmtf{lbOg]5 .!*= ;]n'n/ df]jfOn kmf]g;]6 pTkfbg ug]{ :jb]zL pBf]u tyf k}7f/Lstf{n];]n'n/ df]jfOn kmf]g;]6sf] sRrfkbfy{ jf tof/L ;fdfgdf lt/]sf] s/To:tf ;fdfg d"No clej[l4 s/df btf{ ePsf s/bftfx?nfO{ laqmL u/]sf]k|df0f k]z u/]df ljefun] tf]s]sf] k|lqmof adf]lhd krf; k|ltzt lkmtf{lbOg]5 .!(= lrgL pTkfbg ug]{ :jb]zL pBf]un] cfkm\gf] pTkfbg d"No clej[l4 s/dfbtf{ ePsf s/bftfx?nfO{ ljqmL ubf{ p7fPsf] d"No clej[l4 s/df gAa]k|ltzt d"No clej[l4 s/ cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefun] tf]s]sf] k|lqmofadf]lhd lkmtf{ lbOg]5 .@)= hnljB't cfof]hgfsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ lgdf{0f pks/0fx?, d]lzg/Lcf}hf/x? / ;f];+u ;DalGwt kf6{k'hf{x? tyf To:tf pks/0fx? lgdf{0fug{ cfjZos kg]{ sRrf kbfy{ -:6Ln l;6_ k}7f/L ubf{ j}slNks phf{k|a4{g s]Gb|sf] :jLs[ltdf ;~rfng x'g]sf] xsdf ;f] s]Gb|sf] / cGocfof]hgfsf] xsdf ljB't ljsf; ljefusf] l;kmfl/;df d"No clej[l4 s/5"6 lbOg]5 .112


@!=@@=@#=@$=@%=ljb]zL lgof]u tyf bft[ ;+:yfn] s"6g}lts ;'ljwf jf dx;'n ;'ljwfdfk}7f/L u/]sf ;jf/L ;fwg s'g} cfof]hgfsf] :jLs[t jflif{s sfo{qmd cg'?kcfof]hgfnfO{ g} x:tfGt/0f u/L ;/sf/L gDa/ Kn]6df kl/jt{g ubf{ jfs'g} cfof]hgfsf] gfddf k"0f{ jf cf+lzs dx;'n ;'ljwfdf -nut jf a}ÍUof/]06Ldf k}7f/L ePsf] afx]s_ k}7f/L ePsf ;jf/L ;fwg cfof]hgf;dflKtkl5 cy{ dGqfnosf] :jLs[lt lnO{ ;/sf/L gDa/ Kn]6df kl/jt{gu/L ;/sf/L lgsfodf x:tfGt/0f ubf{ d"No clej[l4 s/ nfUg] 5}g .s"6g}lts lgof]u, kl/of]hgf / cGo lgsfox¿n] -;/sf/L Pj+ u}/;/sf/L;+3 ;+:yf_ dx;'n ;'ljwfdf k}7f/L u/]sf z'? pTkfbg jif{n] !% jif{gf3]sf k'/fgf ;jf/L ;fwg cy{ dGqfnosf] :jLs[lt lnO{ k'gM k|of]u x'gg;Sg] u/L :qmofk u/L /lhi6«]zg /2 ug{ rfx]df To:tf] ;jf/L ;fwgdfd"No clej[l4 s/ nfUg] 5}g .lghL k|of]usf] nflu g]kfnL gful/sn] d"No clej[l4 s/ 5"6df k}7f/Lul/Psf ;jf/L;fwgsf wgLsf] d[To" eO{ ;jf/L;fwgnfO{ lghsf] klt jfkTgLsf] gfddf gfd;f/L ubf{ ljefusf] :jLs[ltsf] cfwf/df To:tf ;jf/L;fwgx¿df nfUg] d"No clej[l4 s/ 5"6 x'g]5 .a08]8 j]o/ xfp; jf gub w/f}6L -kf;a's_ sf] ;'ljwf glnPsf pBf]ux¿n]cfk"mn] lgsf;L ug]{ dfnj:t' pTkfbgsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ sRrf kbfy{,;xfos sRrf kbfy{ Pj+ g]kfndf pTkfbg gx'g] Koflsª d]6]l/on k}7f/Lu/L ;f]af6 pTkflbt tof/L dfnj:t' tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq tf]lsPsf] k|lqmofcg';f/ lgsf;L u/]df To:tf sRrf kbfy{, ;xfos sRrf kbfy{ Pj+Koflsª d]l6l/on k}7f/L ubf{ eG;f/ laGb'df nfu]sf] s/ g]kfn /fhkqdf;"rgf k|sfzg u/L ;f]xL ;"rgfdf tf]lsP adf]lhdsf dfnj:t'df tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] ldltb]lv tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] ;db/df eG;f/ laGb'af6} d"Noclej[l4 s/ lkmtf{ lbOg]5 .g]kfnL ;]gf, ;z:q k|x/L an / g]kfn k|x/Lsf] k|wfg sfof{nosf] gfddfk}7f/L x'g] lgDg lnlvt ;fdfgx¿df ;DalGwt dGqfnosf] l;kmfl/;df 5"6k|bfg ul/g]5 M—-s_ ;}lgs, ;z:q k|x/L / g]kfn k|x/Lsf] k|of]usf v/vhfgf, xftxltof/,uf]lnuf, af?b / ltgsf :k]o/kf6{;, ljz]if k|sf/sf] t]n / 6NnLx¿,PS;];l/h, la:kmf]6s kbfy{, ;}lgs ;fdu|L pTkfbg ug{ cfjZos kg]{sRrf kbfy{ tyf ;'/Iffsf] lgldQ k|of]u ug]{ d]lzg/L cf}hf/ /kf6{k'hf{x¿ .-v_ zflGt;'/Iff sfod ug{ cfjZos kg]{ d]lzg/L cf}hf/x¿, eL8lgoGq0fsf ;fdfgx¿, ck/fw cg';Gwfgsf] nflu cfjZos pks/0ftyf cGo ;fdfgx¿ tyf ;~rf/ dGqfnosf] l;kmfl/;df ;}lgshjfg, ;z:q k|x/L / g]kfn k|x/Ln] k|of]u ug]{ ;~rf/ ;DaGwL;fdfgx¿ .113


-u_ ;}lgs hjfg, ;z:q k|x/L, g]kfn k|x/L tyf 3f]8f vRr/x?sf]:jf:Yo pkrf/sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ cf}hf/, pks/0f, cf}ifwL /tT;DaGwL ;fdfgx¿ .-3_ ;}lgs hjfg, ;z:q k|x/L, g]kfn k|x/Lsf] cEof; tyf tflnddfk|of]u x'g] ;fdfgx¿ .-ª_ g]kfnL ;]gfn] k|of]u ug]{ Ol~hlgol/Ë ;e]{ / lgdf{0f sfo{df k|of]u x'g]x]le cy{d'le+u KnfG6, cf}hf/ / ;f] ;DaGwL kf6{;, clK6snOSjLkd]G6 tyf /Iff dGqfnoåf/f tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] l8k]mG; :6f]/sf;fdfgx¿ .-r_ g]kfnL ;]gfn] k|of]u ug]{ SoflDkË OSjLkd]06 tyf :k]zn kmf];{ /Kof/f6«'k/nfO{ cfjZos kg]{ ljleGg ;fdfgx¿ .-5_ g]kfnL ;]gfsf] gfddf k}7f/L x'g] xjfO{hxfh, x]lnsK6/ / tLgsfkf6{k'hf{, Kof/f;'6 -Aofu ;d]t_ 6'N;, n'lj|s]G6\; tyf u|fp08OSjLkd]G6x¿ .-h_ c:ktfn ;~rfngsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ pks/0f tyf cf}hf/x¿ .-em_ a}1flgs k|of]uzfnfnfO{ cfjZoskg]{ ;fdfgx¿ .-`_ b}jL k|sf]k p4f/ sfo{df k|of]u x'g] ;fdfgx¿ .;d"x !@ M ejg / hUuf• 3/ / tyf hUufsf] vl/b laqmL tyf axfn -xf]6n, u]i6xfp; / Pkf6{d]06n]pknJw u/fpg] xf]6n, u]i6 xfp; ;/xsf] Jofj;flos ?kdf ;~rflntlgsfon] pknAw u/fpg] ;]jf afx]s_;d"x !# M afhL, Sofl;gf] / lrÝf• afhL jf h'jf v]nfpgsf lgldQ k|bfg ul/g] ;'ljwf ;DaGwL lqmofsnfk, lrÝf .114


|i6JoM-!_dfly ;d"x ! b]lv !! ;DDsf dfnj:t'sf] xsdf rf/ c+ssf] zLif{s cGtu{tcf7 c+ssf] pkzLif{sdf pNn]v ePsf dfnj:t'df dfq s/ 5'6 x'g]5 . s/5'6 ul/Psf j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] JofVof tyf j:t'sf] xfdf]{gfOH8 sf]8cfjZostf cg';f/ eG;f/ ljefu;Fu k/fdz{ lnO{ ljefun] yk36 tyfkl/dfh{g ug{ ;Sg]5 .-@_ dfly pkv08 -!!_ b]lv -!(_ ;Dd ul/Psf] w'k, 6fo/ 6\o"j pBf]u, d}bfpBf]u, :jb]zdf pTkflbt ag:klt £o" / tf]/Lsf] t]n pBf]u, :jb]zL 8] ]/LpBf]u, lrof pBf]u, ef‘8f pBf]u, sk8f pBf]u, ;]n'n/ df]afOn kmf]g ;]6tyf lrgL pBf]unfO{ cf+lzs ;'ljwf lbO{ ;f] cg';f/ s/ lkmtf{ lbg] Joj:yf/x]sf]df,–-s_ o; ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefuaf6 agfO{ nfu" ul/g]5 .-v_ pNn]lvt j:t'x?sf] pTkfbg k|lqmof, u['0f:t/, pkef]Qmf d"Nodf k/]sf]k|efj, To:tf pBf]ux?nfO{ sRrf kbfy{ cfk"lt{ ug]{ ls;fgx?n] k|fKtug]{ d"No l:ylt, ahf/ Joj:yf nufotsf ljifodf cg'udg ;d]tsf]sfo{ jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfno, pBf]u dGqfno / cfGtl/s /fh:jljefusf kbflwsf/Lx? /x]sf] ;+oGqn] ug]{5 .-u_ pNn]lvt ;+oGqn] tf]lsP adf]lhd cy{ dGqfnodf k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{kg]{5 .-#_ s/ nfUg] j:t'df s'g} 5"6 jf s/ lkmtf{ lbg dgfl;j b]v]df g]kfn ;/sf/n]g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L 5"6 lbg ;Sg]5 .115


cg';"rL–@-bkmf & sf] pkbkmf -@_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_z"Go b/df s/ nfUg] j:t' tyf ;]jf!= g]kfnaflx/ lgof{t x'g] j:t' M j:t'sf] cfk"lt{ b]xfo adf]lhdePsf] 5 eGg] s'/f k|dfl0ft ePdf M–-s_ g]kfnaflx/ lgof{t u/]sf], jf-v_ g]kfnaflx/ uGtJo :yfg ePsf] cGt/f{li6«o p8fgdf:6f]/sf] ?kdf /flvPsf], jf-u_ g]kfnaflx/ uGtJo :yfg ePsf] cGt/f{li6«o p8fgdfv'b|f laqmL jf cfk"lt{ jf pkef]u ug{sf nflu /flvPsf] .@= g]kfnaflx/sf] JolQmnfO{ cfk"lt{ x'g] ;]jf M-s_ g]kfnleq a;f]af; ePsf] JolQmn] g]kfndf s'g}Jofj;flos sf/f]af/, Jofj;flos k|ltlglwTj jf sfg"gL?kdf dfGo k|ltlglw gePsf] g]kfnaflx/sf JolQmnfO{cfk"lt{ u/]sf] ;]jf,-v_ g]kfnleq a;f]af; eO{ btf{ ePsf] JolQmn] g]kfnaflx/a;f]af; ePsf] JolQmnfO{ u/]sf] j:t' jf ;]jfsf]cfk"lt{ .#= g]kfn ;/sf/, k//fi6« dGqfnosf] l;kmfl/;df s'6gLlts;'ljwf k|fKt JolQm jf lgof]un] tyf dx;'n ;'ljwf k|fKts'6gLlts lgof]udf sfo{/t JolQmn] k}7f/L ug]{ j:t' tyf;]jf .$= ;fljssf] s'g} ;lGw jf ;Demf}tfdf k}7f/L ubf{ laqmLs/ 5'6k|bfg ul/Psf] eP ;DalGwt cfof]hgfsf] l;kmfl/;df tL;lGw jf ;Demf}tf axfn /x];Dd btf{ ePsf s/bftf;Fu:yfgLo v/Lb u/]df To:tf] cfk"lt{df z"Go b/sf] ;'ljwfk|bfg ul/g]5 .%= k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd :yfkgf ePsf] ljz]if cfly{s If]qdf;~rfng ePsf] pBf]unfO{ laqmL ul/g] sRrf kbfy{ tyfpTkflbt ;fdfg .^= j}slNks phf{ k|j4{g s]Gb|sf] l;kmfl/;df ;f}o{ zlQmaf6phf{ pTkfbg ug]{ ;oGq tyf pks/0fdf k|of]u x'g] Jof6«L:jb]zL pBf]uaf6 pTkfbg x'g] eO{ ;f]xL pBf]uaf6 cfk"lt{ug]{ ePdf j}slNks phf{ k|a4{g s]Gb|sf] l;kmfl/; /116


ljefun] tf]s]sf] k|lqmof adf]lhd ;f] pBf]unfO{ ;f]sf/f]af/df z"Go b/sf] ;'ljwf k|bfg ul/g]5 .&= hnljB't cfof]hgfsf nflu cfjZos kg]{ d]lzg/L cf}hf/x¿/ ltgsf kf6{k'hf{, oGq pks/0fx¿, k]g:6s kfO{k jf ;f]agfpg k|of]u x'g] kmnfd] kftf :yfgLo pBf]uaf6 pTkfbgx'g] eO{ ;f]xL pBf]uaf6 cfk"lt{ ug]{ ePdf j}slNks phf{k|a4{g s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t x'g]sf] xsdf ;f] s]Gb|sf] / cGo;fgf hn ljB't cfof]hgfsf] xsdf ljB't ljsf; ljefusf]l;kmfl/; / ljefun] tf]s]sf] k|lqmof adf]lhd ;f] pBf]unfO{;f] sf/f]af/df z"Go b/sf] ;'ljwf k|bfg ul/g]5 .*= 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBdLx¿n] :jb]zdf pTkfbg u/]sfd"lt{snf, lrqsnf, jf:t'snf / To:t} k|sf/sf cGox:tsnfx¿sf ;fdfg g]kfnsf :jLs[t lgof{t u[x -PS;kf]6{6«]l8Ë xfp;_ dfk{mt ljb]z lgsf;L u/]df To:tf ;fdfgpTkfbg ubf{ k|of]u ePsf sRrf kbfy{df lt/]sf] d"Noclej[l4 s/ cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefun] tf]s]sf] k|lqmof k"/fu/]kl5 lkmtf{ lbO{g]5 .(= ckfËtf ePsf JolQmn] k|of]u ug]{ :s'6/ k}7f/L jf :yfgLov/Lb ubf{ lt/]sf] d"No clej[l4 s/ To:tf] :s'6/ oftfoftJoj:yf sfof{nodf lghsf] gfddf btf{ ePsf] cj:yfdfdlxnf, afnaflnsf tyf ;dfh sNof0f dGqfno jf;DalGwt lhNnfsf] k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Lsf] l;kmfl/;dfk}7f/L ubf{ lt/]sf] d"No clej[l4 s/ ;DalGwt eG;f/sfof{noaf6 / :yfgLo v/Lb ubf{ lt/]sf] d"No clej[l4 s/cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefuaf6 lkmtf{ ul/g]5 . To;/L lkmtf{ul/Psf] d"No clej[l4 s/ ckfËtf ePsf JolQm afx]s cGoJolQmnfO{ laqmL u/]df c;'n pk/ ul/g]5 .@*=cGtMz'Ns P]g, @)%* df ;+zf]wg M cGtMz'Ns P]g, @)%* sf],–-!_ bkmf @ sf],–-s_ v08 -5_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08 -5_ /flvPsf]5 M–æ-5_æpTkfbgÆ eGgfn] cGtMz'Ns nfUg]j:t' lgdf{0f ug]{, k|zf]wg ug]{, agfpg]jf tof/ ug]{ sfo{ ;Demg' k5{ .Æ-v_ v08 -h_ kl5 b]xfosf] v08 -h!_ ylkPsf] 5 M–117


æ-h!_ æ;"tL{hGo j:t'Æ eGgfn] ;"tL{ jf;"tL{hGo kbfy{sf tTjx¿ ldl>tw'd|kfg ug]{, rkfpg], d'vdf /fVg]kfgd;nf, u'6\vf, v}gL jf o:t}kbfy{x¿ ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn]r'/f]6, la8L, l;uf/nfO{ ;d]thgfpF5 .Æ-u_ v08 -`_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08 -`_ /flvPsf]-3_-ª_5 M–æ-`_æsf/vfgf d"NoÆ eGgfn] cGtMz'NsnfUg] j:t'df cGtMz'Ns jf cGo s'g}s/ ghf]8L To:tf] j:t' pTkfbg ug{nfUg] vr{ / k|lti7fgsf] gfkmf dfqhf]8L lgwf{/0f ePsf] d"No ;Demg'k5{ .Æv08 -6_ sf] pkv08 -#_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf]pkv08 -#_ /flvPsf] 5 M–æ-#_ k}7f/L x'g] j:t'sf] xsdf bkmf & sf]pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd lgwf{/0f ePsf]d"No .Æv08 -0f_ kl5 b]xfosf v08 -0f!_, -0f@_, -0f#_,-0f$_, -0f%_, -0f^_, -0f&_, -0f*_, -0f(_, -0f!)_/ -0f!!_ ylkPsf 5g\ M–æ-0f!_ ædlb/fÆ eGgfn] cGg, kmnkm'n jfcGo s'g} :6fr{o'Qm j:t'nfO{ hLj/;folgs k|lqmofåf/f s'xfO{ jf cGos'g} t/Lsfaf6 tof/ kfl/Psf] z"Gobzdnj kf“r k|ltzteGbf a9LcNsf]xn ePsf] kbfy{ ;Demg' k5{ /;f] zAbn] /S;L, hf“8, 5\ofª, lXj:sL,/d, lhg, a|f08L, ef]8\sf, ljo/, jfOg,;]/L, ;]Dk]g, ;fO8/, k]/L, ld8, dfN6,cf}Bf]lus cNsf]xn, /]lS6kmfO8 l:k|6,dfN6 l:k|6, ;fOn]06 l:k|6, l8g]r8{l:k|6, O{=Pg=P= / x]8\; l:k|6 ;d]tnfO{hgfp“5 .118


-0f@_ ætof/L dlb/fÆ eGgfn] cfotgdf;GtfpGg bzdnj z"Go 5k|ltzteGbf sd cNsf]xnsf]ld>0faf6 ag]sf ;a} k|sf/sf dfbskbfy{ ;Demg' k5{ .-0f#_ æPn=kL=Æ eGgfn] n08g k|'kmdf z'4O{yfgf]nsf] zlQm ;Demg' k5{ .-0f$_ æPn=kL= ln6/Æ eGgfn] k|lt ln6/df;GtfpGg bzdnj z"Go 5 k|ltztz'4 O{yfgf]nsf] dfqf ;Demg' k5{ .-0f%_ æo"=kL=Æ eGGffn] n08g k|'kmeGbf sdzlQm ;Demg' k5{ .-0f^_ æcf]=kL=Æ eGgfn] n08g k|'kmeGbf a9L-0f&_zlQm ;Demg' k5{ .æef}lts lgoGq0f k|0ffnLÆ eGgfn]cGtMz'Ns clws[t jf lghn] tf]s]sf]sd{rf/Lsf] lgoGq0fdf cGtMz'Ns nfUg]j:t'sf] pTkfbg, lgisfzg, k}7f/L tyflgsf;L ul/g] k|0ffnL ;Demg' k5{ .-0f*_ æ:jo+ lgisfzg k|0ffnLÆ eGgfn]ef}lts lgoGq0f k|0ffnLdf cfwfl/tafx]ssf cGtMz'Ns nfUg] cGo j:t' jf;]jfsf] pTkfbg, lgisfzg, k}7f/L tyflgsf;L ul/g] k|0ffnL ;Demg' k5{ .-0f(_æcGtMz'Ns lgwf{/0fÆ eGgfn] o; P]gadf]lhd ul/g] cGtMz'Ns lgwf{/0f;Demg' k5{ .Æ-0f!)_ ælauf]Æ eGgfn] o; P]g adf]lhdcGtMz'Ns nfUg] j:t' jf ;]jfsf] d"No/ ;f]df nfUg] cGtMz'Ns hf]8L sfodul/Psf] s"n /sd ;Demg' k5{ .-0f!!_ æljB'tLo dfWodÆ eGgfn] sDKo'6/,OG6/g]6, Od]n, k\mofS;, ljB'tLo Sof;d]lzg, lkm:sn lk|G6/ ;Demg' k5{ /;f] zAbn] ljefun] tf]s]sf] cGo:jLs[t dfWodnfO{ ;d]t hgfp‘5 .119


-@_ bkmf # sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf # /flvPsf] 5 M—æ#= cGtMz'Ns nfUg] M cGtMz'Ns nfUg] j:t' jf;]jf k|lti7fgaf6 pTkfbg u/L lgisfzg, k}7f/L/ ;]jf laqmL ubf{ cg';"rLdf pNn]v ePadf]lhdsf] cGtMz'Ns nfUg]5 .Æ-#_ bkmf # kl5 b]xfosf bkmf #s= / #v= ylkPsf 5g\ M–æ#s= cGtMz'Ns lgwf{/0f / c;'nL M -!_ o; P]gadf]lhd nfUg] cGtMz'Nssf] lgwf{/0f / c;'n ug]{bfloTj cGtMz'Ns nfUg] j:t' jf ;]jfsf] pTkfbgug]{ pTkfbssf] x'g]5 .t/ k}7f/L x'g] j:t'sf] cGtMz'Nssf]lgwf{/0f / c;'nL ;DalGwt eG;f/ sfof{non]ug]{5 .-@_ s'g} j:t'sf] pTkfbg jf k}7f/Lsfcltl/Qm laqmL ljt/0fsf] txdf ;d]t cGtMz'NsnfUg] ePdf o; P]g adf]lhd nfUg] cGtMz'Nssf]lgwf{/0f / c;'nL ug]{ bfloTj k}7f/Lstf{ jflaq]mtfsf] x'g]5 .-#_ cGtMz'Ns nfUg] j:t' pTkfbg ubf{vkt ePsf] sRrf kbfy{df lt/]sf] cGtMz'Nstof/L j:t' lgisfzg ubf{ ltg'{kg]{ cGtMz'Nsdfs§f ug{ kfOg]5 .t/ :jo+ lgisfzg k|0ffnL nfu" x'g];"tL{hGo kbfy{ pTkfbg ug{] pBf]ux? afx]s cGopBf]un] sRrf kbfy{ v/Lb jf k}7f/L ubf{ lt/]sf]cGtMz'Ns tof/L j:t' laqmL ubf{ ltg'{kg]{cGtMz'Nsdf s§f ug{ kfOg]5 .-$_ cfuhgL, rf]/L, b'3{6gf, Wj+;fTdsultljlw jf j:t'sf] pkof]usf] Dofb ;lsPsf]sf/0fn] xflg gf]S;fgL ePsf] j:t'df lt/]sf]cGtMz'MNs ljefun] tf]s] adf]lhd s§L ug{kfOg]5 .-%_ o; bkmf adf]lhd cGtMz'Ns s6[fubf{ ;xfos sRrf kbfy{ / KoflsË ;fdfu|Ldflt/]sf] cGtMz'Ns s6[f ug{ kfOg] 5}g .120


#v= cGtMz'Ns gnfUg] M -!_ bkmf # adf]lhdcGtMz'Ns nfUg] j:t' jf ;]jfdf b]xfosf]cj:yfdf cGtMz'Ns nfUg] 5}g M—-s_ g]kfnaflx/ lgsf;L u/]df jf:jLs[lt k|fKt s/d'Qm k;n-a08]8 j]o/ xfp; / 8\o"l6 k|mL;k_ nfO{ dlb/f jf r'/f]6afx]ssf cGo j:t' laqmL u/]dfTo:tf] j:t' jf ;]jfdf cGtMz'NsnfUg] 5}g .-v_ :jLs[lt k|fKt a08]8 j]o/ xfp;n]g]kfn ;/sf/, k//fi6« dGqfnon]l;kmfl/; u/]sf] s'6gLlts tyfdx;'n ;'ljwf k|fKt JolQm jflgsfonfO{ laqmL ug]{ r'/f]6 jfdlb/fdf cGtMz'Ns nfUg] 5}g .t/,-!_ a08]8 j]o/ xfp;n] r'/f]6tyf dlb/f afx]ssf cGoj:t' cGtMz'Ns gnufO{laqmL ljt/0f ug{ afwf kg]{5}g .-@_ a08]8 jo]/ xfp;af6laqmL ul/g] cGtMz'NsnfUg] j:t' k}7f/L ubf{To:tf] j:t'df nfUg]cGtMz'Ns a/fa/sf] /sdgub w/f}6L jf a}Ík|Tofe"lt /fVg' kg]{5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -v_ adf]lhdsf] gubw/f}6L jf a}Í k|Tofe"ltsf] k'ms'jf jf lkmtf{ k|lqmofljefuåf/f tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .-#_ g]kfnleq pTkfbg ePsf] jf tof/ ePsf]dfnj:t' g]kfnaflx/ lgof{t e};s]kl5 ;DalGwt kIfn]lng c:jLsf/ u/L jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] k'gM k}7f/L u/LNofPsf] cj:yfdf ;f]xL dfnj:t' k}7f/L ePsf] tLgdlxgfleq lgsf;L ug]{ ePdf o;/L lkmtf{ NofpFbfsf121


avt nfUg] cGtMz'Ns w/f}6Ldf /fvL To:tf] dfnj:t'k'gM lgsf;L ePkl5 w/f}6L /sd ;DalGwt eG;f/sfof{non] lkmtf{ lbg]5 .-$_ cGtMz'Ns nfUg] a:t' pTkfbg u/L ljb]zlgsf;L ug]{ pBf]un] cGtMz'Ns nfUg] a:t' lgsf;Lu/]sf] kl/df0f pTkfbg ubf{ k|of]u ePsf] sRrf kbfy{vl/b jf k}7f/L ubf{ lt/]sf] cGtMz'Ns bkmf #s= sf]pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd j:t' lgisfzg ubf{ ltg'{kg]{cGtMz'Ns /sddf s§f ug{ kfpg]5 .-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd s§f ubf{ ldnfg x'gg;s]sf] cGtMz'Ns /sd lkmtf{ kfpgsf] nflucGtMz'Ns clws[t ;dIf bfaL ug{ ;Sg]5 .-^_ pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhd lkmtf{ bfaL ePsf]cGtMz'Ns /sd cGtMz'Ns clws[tn] 5fglag tyfk/LIf0f ubf{ To:tf] bfaL dgfl;j b]lvPdf lkmtf{sfnflu bfaL u/]sf]] ;f7L lbgleq lkmtf{ lbg' kg]{5 .-&_ pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhd cGtMz'Ns lkmtf{ bfaLug{sf] nflu ;"tL{hGo / dlb/fhGo kbfy{ tyfkfgd;nfsf] lgsf;Ldf slDtdf kGw| k|ltzt d"Noclea[l4 ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 .-*_ pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhd lkmtf{ bfaL ubf{ljj/0f a'emfpg' kg{] cjlw ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] Psjif{ leq lkmtf{sf] nflu bfaL gu/]df / pkbkmf -&_adf]lhdsf] d"No clea[l4 gePsf] cj:yfdf o; bkmfadf]lhdsf] cGtMz'Ns lkmtf{ x'g] 5}g .-(_ ;Djt\ @)&@ ;fn c;f/ @* ut];Ddlgsf;L u/L pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd s§f ubf{ ldnfg x'gg;s]sf] cGtMz'Ns /sd ;f]xL ldlt;Dd lkmtf{ bfaLu/]sf] xsdf cGtMz'Ns clws[tn] 5fglag tyf k/LIf0fu/L lkmtf{ ug{ ;Sg]5 .t/ ;"tL{hGo / dlb/fhGo kbfy{ tyf kfgd;nfpTkfbg ug]{ pBf]un] o; pkbkmf adf]lhd lkmtf{ kfpgpkbkmf -&_ df tf]lsP adf]lhd kGw| k|ltzt d"Noclea[l4 ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 .-$_ bkmf $ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf $ /flvPsf] 5 M–122


æ$= cGtMz'Ns c;'nL M -!_ o; P]gdf cGoyf Joj:yful/Psf]df afx]s o; P]g adf]lhd cGtMz'NsnfUg] j:t' jf ;]jfdf b]xfosf] cj:yfdfcGtMz'Ns c;'n ul/g]5 M–-s_ ef}lts lgoGq0f k|0ffnL nfu" x'g]pBf]un] pTkfbg ug]{ j:t'sf]xsdf k|lti7fgaf6 pTkfbg u/LlaqmLsf nflu lgisfzg ubf{sf]avt,-v_ :jo+ lgisfzg k|0ffnLdfcfwfl/t j:t' jf ;]jfsf] xsdflahs hf/L ubf{sf] avt,-u_ k}7f/L x'g] j:t'sf] xsdf To:tf]j:t' g]kfnleq k|j]z ubf{sf]avt eG;f/ laGb'df,-3_ k}7f/L x'g] ;]jfsf] xsdfljefuåf/f tf]lsP adf]lhd .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg s'g} j:t' jf ;]jfsf] xsdf To:tf] j:t' pTkfbgu/]sf] jf ;]jf k|bfg u/]sf] cj:yfdf g} cGtMz'Nsc;'n ug'{kg]{ u/L ljefun] tf]Sg ;Sg]5 .Æ-%_ bkmf $ kl5 b]xfosf bkmf $s=, $v=, $u=, $3= / $ªylkPsf 5g\ M–æ$s= cGtMz'Ns a'´fpg] bfloTj M o; P]g adf]lhdcGtMz'Ns a'emfpg] bfloTj b]xfo adf]lhdsf]JolQmdf x'g]5 M–-s_ g]kfnleq pTkfbg x'g] j:t' jf;]jfsf] xsdf pTkfbs,-v_ k}7f/L x'g] j:t'df ;f] j:t' k|fKt ug]{lan ckm n]l8Ë, Po/ j] lan, lahsjf hf“rkf;sf] nflu lbPsf]lgj]bgdf pNn]v ePsf] JolQm,-u_ cGtMz'Ns nfUg] kbfy{ lnnfdePsf]df ;f] lnnfd ;sfg]{ JolQm,-3_ s/d'Qm k;n -8\o"6L lk|m ;k_ af6laqmL ePsf] dlb/f jf r'/f]6afx]ssf j:t' k'gM laqmL jf cGo123


k|of]hgdf k|of]u ePdf k'gM laqmLug]{ jf k|of]u ug]{ JolQm,-ª_ s'g} j:t' jf ;]jf cGtMz'Ns gnfUg]cj:yfaf6 nfUg] cj:yfdf kl/jt{gePdf To:tf] j:t'sf] :jfldTj sfod/xg] JolQm,-r_ v08 -s_ b]lv -ª_ df pNn]vePb]lv afx]s cGo cj:yfdfljefun] tf]s]sf] JolQm .$v= cGtMz'Ns bflvnf ug]{ Dofb M -!_ o; P]gadf]lhd c;'n ePsf] cGtMz'Ns b]xfo adf]lhdbflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 M—-s_ ef}lts lgoGq0f k|0ffnLdfcfwfl/t j:t'sf] xsdf To:tf]j:t' lgisfzg ubf{sf avt,-v_ :jo+ lgisfzg k|0ffnL cGtu{tpTkfbg tyf laqmL ljt/0fx'g] j:t' jf ;]jfsf] xsdflahs hf/L ePkl5sf]dlxgfsf] kRrL; ut]leq,-u_ k}7f/L x'g] j:t'sf] xsdfTo:tf] j:t' g]kfnleq k|j]zubf{sf avt,-3_ k}7f/L x'g] ;]jfsf xsdfljefun] tf]s] adf]lhd .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -v_adf]lhdsf] Dofbleq cGtMz'Ns e'QmfgL gu/]dfe'QmfgL ug{ afFsL cGtMz'Ns /sddf k|lt lbgz"Go bzdnj z"Go kfFr k|ltztsf b/n]ljnDa z'Ns nfUg]5 .$u= cGtMz'Ns 5"6 x'g] M -!_ s'6gLlts ;'ljwf k|fKtJolQm jf lgsfon] k//fi6« dGqfnosf] l;kmfl/;dfk}7f/L ug]{ j:t'df cGtMz'Ns 5"6 x'g]5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf]eP tfklg b]xfosf] cj:yfdf ;d]t cGtMz'Ns5"6 x'g]5 M–124


-s_ ljb]zL lgof]u tyf bft[ ;+:yfn]s'6gLlts ;'ljwf jf dx;'n;'ljwfdf k}7f/L u/]sf ;jf/L;fwg s'g} cfof]hgfsf] :jLs[tjflif{s sfo{qmd cg'?kcfof]hgfnfO{ g} x:tfGt/0f u/L;/sf/L gDa/ Kn]6df kl/jt{gubf{ jf s'g} cfof]hgfsf] gfddfk"0f{ jf cf+lzs dx;'n ;'ljwfdf-nut jf a}Í Uof/]06Ldf k}7f/LePsf] afx]s_ k}7f/L ePsf;jf/L ;fwg cfof]hgf ;dflKtkl5 cy{ dGqfnosf] :jLs[ltlnO{ :yfgLo lgsfo, ;fd'bflosljBfno, ;fd'bflos c:ktfnjf ;/sf/L lgsfonfO{x:tfGt/0f ubf{,-v_ s'6gLlts lgof]u, kl/of]hgf /cGo lgsfox¿ -;/sf/L Pj+u}/;/sf/L ;+3, ;+:yf_ n]dx;'n ;'ljwfdf k}7f/L u/]sfz'? pTkfbg jif{n] kGw| jif{gf3]sf k'/fgf ;jf/L ;fwg cy{dGqfnosf] :jLs[lt lnO{ k'gMk|of]u x'g g;Sg] u/L :qmofku/L /lhi6«]zg /2 ug{ rfx]dfTo:tf] ;jf/L ;fwgdf,-u_ lghL k|of]hgsf] nflu cf+lzseG;f/ dx;'n ;'ljwfdf k}7f/Lul/Psf ;jf/L ;fwgsf wgLsf]d'To' e} pQm ;jf/L ;fwgnfO{lghsf] klt jf kTgLsf] gfddfgfd;f/L ubf{ .-#_ gAa] k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L :jb]zLe'mqf jf kq' -sjf8L_ j:t' k|of]u u/L pTkfbgug]{ pBf]unfO{ To:tf] pTkfbgdf nfUg] cGtMz'Ns5"6 x'g]5 .125


$3= laqmL ljt/0fdf lgoGq0f M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/n]cfjZos 7fg]sf] cGtMz'Ns nfUg] j:t'sf] laqmLljt/0fdf lgoGq0f u/L tf]lsP adf]lhd Jojl:ytug{ ;Sg]5 .-@_ xf]6]n tyf /]i6'/]G6 Joj;fo afx]sdxfgu/kflnsf, pkdxfgu/kflnsf, gu/kflnsfIf]qleq / ljefun] tf]s]sf] k|d'v /fhdfu{ If]qdfdlb/fsf] sf/f]af/ ug]{ Joj;foLn] dlb/f /;"lt{hGo a:t'sf] dfq sf/f]af/ ug{ kfpg] 5 .t/ l8kf6{d]06n :6f]/n] dlb/fsf] cnUu}laqmL sIf /fvL sf/f]af/ ug{ kfpg] 5 .$ª= pkxf/ tyf gub 5"6 ;DjGwL Joj:yf M dlb/f,ljo/ jf ;"tL{hGo kbfy{ ;DaGwL pBf]u / To:tf]a:t'sf] k}7f/Lstf{ tyf ltgsf laqm]tfn] s'g} klgk|sf/sf] pkxf/ sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ jf To:tfpBf]un] d'No clea[l4 s/df btf{ ePsf afx]scGo ljqm]tfnfO{ To:tf] pTkfbg ljqmL ubf{ 5'6lbg kfOg] 5}g . To:tf] sfo{ u/]sf] kfOPdfOhfhtkqsf] zt{ pNn‹g u/]sf] dflgg]5 .Æ-^_ bkmf & sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf & /flvPsf] 5 M–æ&= cGtMz'Ns nfUg] j:t' jf ;]jfsf] d"No lgwf{/0f M-!_ g]kfnleq pTkfbg x'g] s'g} j:t' jf ;]jfdfd"Nosf] cfwf/df cGtMz'Ns nfUg] ePdf b]xfoadf]lhdsf] d"NonfO{ cfwf/ dfgL cGtMz'NsnufOg]5 M–-s_ pTkfbsn] cGtMz'Ns nfUg] j:t' laqmLubf{ lgwf{/0f u/]sf] sf/vfgf d"No,-v_ ;]jfsf] xsdf ;]jf laqmL ubf{sf] d"No,jf-u_ ljefun] pTkfbg nfut jf cGopko'Qm cfwf/df tf]sL lbPsf] d"No .-@_ g]kfnleq k}7f/L x'g] j:t'sf] ;DaGwdfTo:tf] j:t'df eG;f/ dx;'n lng] k|of]hgsf]nflu lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] d"Nodf eG;f/ dx;'n;d]t yk u/L sfod x'g cfPsf] d"NodfcGtMz'Ns nufOg]5 .126


-#_ ;]jfdf lahs adf]lhd d"No lgwf{/0fu/L cGtMz'Ns c;'n pk/ ul/g]5 .-$_ cGtMz'Ns clws[tn] cGtMz'Ns c;'npk/ ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu cfjZostf cg';f/k'gM d"No lgwf{/0f jf cltl/Qm d"No lgwf{/0f ug{;Sg]5 .Æ-&_ bkmf ( sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf ( /flvPsf] 5 M–æ(= Ohfhtkq ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ of] P]g jf o;P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod adf]lhd OhfhtkqglnO{ s;}n] klg cGtMz'Ns nfUg] j:t' pTkfbg,k}7f/L, laqmL jf ;~ro ug{ jf cGtMz'Ns nfUg];]jf s;}nfO{ k|bfg ug{ x‘b}g .t/ g]kfn ;/sf/, k//fi6« dGqfnosf]l;kmfl/;df s'6gLlts ;'ljwf cGtu{t cGtMz'NsnfUg] j:t'sf] k}7f/L ubf{ / :jod lgisfzg k|0ffnLcGtu{tsf j:t'x?sf] ljqmL jf ;+ro ug{ cGtMz'NsOhfhtkq lng' kg]{ 5}g .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] Ohfhtkq lngrfxg] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ ;+nUg u/LcGtMz'Ns clws[t ;dIf Ohfhtkqsf] nflulgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd cGtMz'Ns clws[t;dIf Ohfhtkqsf] nflu lgj]bg k/]df To:tf]lgj]bg pk/ cfjZos hfFra'´ u/L pko'Qmb]lvPdf tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf ljefu jfljefun] tf]s]sf] cGtMz'Ns clws[tn] Ohfhtkqlbg' kg]{5 .-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd lbOPsf]Ohfhtkqsf] cjlw Ps cfly{s jif{;Dd sfod/xg]5 .-%_ Ohfhtkq gjLs/0f u/fpg rfxg]Ohfhtkqjfnfn] pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhdsf] cjlw;dfKt ePkl5 tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] b:t'/ bflvnfu/L >fj0f dlxgfleq gjLs/0f u/fpg' kg]{5 .t/,127


-s_ s'g} Ohfhtkqjfnfn] rfx]df tLgcfly{s jif{sf nflu Ps}k6s gjLs/0fb:t'/ bflvnf u/L gjLs/0f u/fpg;Sg]5 .-v_ la+8L, ;'lt{, v}gL, kfgd;nf, u'6\vfpTkfbg, vf8;f/L pBf]u tyf v'bf] /u'8 k}7f/L ug]{ Ohfhtkqjfnfn]tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] gjLs/0f b:t'/bflvnf u/L gjLs/0f u/fpg' kg]{5 .-u_ :jod\ lgisf;g k|0ffnL nfu" x'g]pBf]u cGtu{t cGtMz'Ns nfUg]j:t'sf] pTkfbg jf cGtMz'Ns nfUg];]jf k|bfg ug{ lnOPsf] OhfhtkqgjLs/0f ug'{ kg]{ 5}g .-^_ pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhdsf] cjlwleqOhfhtkq gjLs/0f gu/fpg] Ohfhtkqjfnfn]Ohfhtkq gjLs/0f u/fpg To:tf] cjlw gf3]sf]klxnf] tLg dlxgfleq gjLs/0f b:t'/sf] kRrL;k|ltzt, To;kl5sf] tLg dlxgfleq krf; k|ltzt,To;kl5sf] tLg dlxgfleq gjLs/0f u/fpg]n]krxQ/ k|ltzt / To;kl5 c;f/ d;fGt;Ddsf]cjlwsf] nflu zt k|ltzt hl/afgf a'´fpg'kg]{5 .-&_ pklgod -^_ df tf]lsPsf] cjlw ;dfKtePkl5 gjLs/0f u/fpg rfx]df tf]lsP adf]lhdsf]gjLs/0f afkt nfUg] b:t'/df k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf]nflu zt k|ltzt yk Ohfht b:t'/ / aSof}tf/sd ;d]t a'´fO{ Ohfhtkq gjLs/0f u/fpg;Sg]5 .-*_ s'g} JolQmn] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf]Ohfhtkq glnO{ sf/f]af/ u/]sf]df Ohfhtkqafkt / ;f]sf] gjLs/0f afkt nfUg] b:t'/af6pGd'lQm kfpg] 5}g .Æ-*_ bkmf ( kl5 b]xfosf] bkmf (s= ylkPsf] 5 M–æ(s= Ohfhtkq :yug ug{ ;Sg] M -!_Ohfhtkqjfnfn] cGtMz'Ns nfUg] j:t' jf;]jfsf] sf/f]af/ ug{ 5f8]df kGw| lbgleq128


-(_To;sf] sf/0f ;lxt Ohfhtkq :yug ug{sf]nflu cGtMz'Ns clws[t ;dIf lgj]bg lbg'kg]{5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgj]bg k|fKtePdf cGtMz'Ns clws[tn] Ohfhtkqjfnfsf]Ohfhtkq :yug ug'{ kg]{ jf gkg]{ lg0f{o u/LOhfhtkq :yug ug'{ kg]{ b]lvPdf ;f]Ohfhtkq :yug u/L lgj]bg k|fKt ePsf] tL;lbgleq ;f]sf] hfgsf/L OhfhtkqjfnfO{ lbg'kg]{5 .-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd Ohfhtkq:yug ePsf] hfgsf/L Ohfhtkqjfnfn]Ohfhtkq :yug ePkl5sf] csf]{ dlxgfb]lvbkmf !)s= adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f k]z ug'{kg]{5}g .-$_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd Ohfhtkq:yug ePsf] cjlwe/sf] nflu Ohfhtkqjfnfn]bkmf ( adf]lhd Ohfhtkq gjLs/0f ug'{kg]{5}g .Æbkmf !) sf] v08 -u_ kl5 b]xfosf] v08 -3_ /flvPsf]5 M–æ-3_ Ohfhtkqjfnf ;+:yf lj36g ePdf jfOhfhtkqjfnfn] cfˆgf] Ohfhtkq /2 ug{lgj]bg lbPdf .Æ-!)_ bkmf !) kl5 b]xfosf bkmf !)s=, !)v=, !)u=, !)3=,!)ª=, !)r=, !)5=, !)h=, !)em=, !)`= / !)6=ylkPsf 5g\ M—æ!)s= cGtMz'Ns ljj/0f lbg' kg]{ M bkmf #s= adf]lhdcGtMz'Ns lgwf{/0f / c;'n ug'{kg]{ bfloTjePsf JolQmn] k|To]s dlxgfsf] cGtMz'Ns nfUg]sf/f]af/sf] ljj/0f ;f] dlxgf ;dfKt ePsf]kRrL; lbgleq cGtMz'Ns clws[t ;dIf jfbkmf !)u= sf] pkbkmf -#_ df Joj:yf ePadf]lhd jf x'nfsaf6 /lhi6«L u/L tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] cGtMz'Ns ljj/0f k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .To:tf] ljj/0f ;f] dlxgfdf cGtMz'Ns nfUg]129


sf/f]af/ u/]sf] jf gu/]sf] h] ;'s} eP tfklgk]z ug'{ kg]{5 .!)Vf= n]vf /fVg' kg]{ M -!_ bkmf !)s= adf]lhdcGtMz'Ns ljj/0f k]z ug'{ kg]{ JolQmn]cGtMz'Ns nfUg] j:t' jf ;]jfsf] pTkfbg,laqmL, To:tf] j:t' jf ;]jfsf] pTkfbgsf nfluk|of]u x'g] sRrf kbfy{, ;xfos sRrf kbfy{cflbsf] v/Lb, vkt tyf clGtd df}Hbftsf]d"No tyf kl/df0f v'Ng] tf]lsP adf]lhdsfljj/0f ;lxtsf] n]vf cBfjlws /fVg' kg]{5 /To:tf] n]vf cGtMz'Ns clws[tn] lg/LIf0f ug{dfu u/]sf avt pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] v/Lb,pTkfbg, lgisfzg, laqmL / df}Hbft vftf;DalGwt cGtMz'Ns clws[tåf/f k|dfl0ft u/fO{n]vf /fVg] k|of]hgsf nflu k|of]u ug'{ kg]{5 .-#_ Ohfhtkqjfnfn] sf/f]af/sf] n]vf5 jif{;Dd ;'/lIft /fVg' kg]{5 .-$_ o; P]gsf] sfof{Gjogsf] lgldQcGtMz'Ns clws[tn] lnlvt ?kdf ;"rgf lbO{cGtMz'Ns nfUg] j:t' jf ;]jfsf] sf/f]af/sf];DaGwdf hfgsf/L dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 .!)u= sDKo'6/af6 k|zf]lwt clen]v k|df0fsf] ?kdfu|fX\o x'g] M -!_ k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg cGtMz'Nssf] k|of]hgsf]nflu cGoyf k|dfl0ft ePsf]df afx]s ljefujf ;f] cGtu{tsf sfof{no jf cGtMz'Nsk|zf;g ug{ tf]lsPsf] sfof{nodf /x]sfsDKo'6/af6 k|zf]lwt s'g} JolQmsf] cGtMz'Ns;DaGwL clen]v k|df0fsf] ?kdf u|fXo x'g]5 .-@_ cGtMz'Ns nfUg] tf]lsPsf j:t' jf;]jfsf] pTkfbg ;DaGwL tYofÍ ljB'tLodfWodaf6 ljefu jf ;f] ljefun] tf]s]sf]sfof{nodf :jtM k|fKt x'g] u/L Joj:yf ug{;Sg]5 .130


-#_ ljefun] ljB'tLo dfWodaf6cGtMz'Ns ljj/0f k]z ug]{ / cGtMz'Ns e'QmfgLug]{ ;DaGwdf cfjZos Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg]5 .!)3= cGtMz'Ns clws[tn] cGtMz'Ns lgwf{/0f ug{;Sg] M -!_ b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf cGtMz'Nsclws[tn] cGtMz'Ns lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 M—-s_ Dofbleq cGtMz'Ns ljj/0fk]z gu/]df,-v_ cw'/f] jf q'6Lk"0f{ cGtMz'Nsljj/0f k]z u/]df,-u_ e'mÝf cGtMz'Ns ljj/0f k]zu/]df,-3_ cGtMz'Nssf] /sd sdb]vfPsf] jf 7Ls gePsf] eGg]ljZjf; ug'{ kg]{ cfwf/ ePdf,-ª_ laqmL d"Nodf Go"glahsLs/0fu/]sf] eGg] ljZjf; ug'{kg]{cfwf/ / sf/0f e} bkmf & sf]pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd k'gMd"No lgwf{/0f jf cltl/Qmd"No lgwf{/0f ug{'kg]{ ePdf,-r_ o; P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{tcGtMz'Ns nfUg] j:t' jf;]jfsf] pTkfbg k|ltnAwLtf]lsPsf]df ;f] cg';f/sf]pTkfbg k|ltnAwL gk'u]df,-5_ lgisfzg u/]sf] dlb/f /r'nfO{df hfg] kbfy{sf]cNsf]xnsf] dfqf Psk|ltzteGbf a9L km/s k/]df,-h_ cGtMz'Ns 5n]df,-em_ Ohfhtkq glnO{ s'g} JolQmn]cGtMz'Ns nfUg] j:t'sf]sf/f]af/ u/]df .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cGtMz'Nslgwf{/0f ubf{ cGtMz'Ns clws[tn] ;DalGwt131


JolQmnfO{ cfˆgf] ;kmfO{ k]z ug{ kGw| lbgsf]Dofb lbg' kg]{5 .-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ul/Psf]cGtMz'Ns lgwf{/0fsf] ;DaGwdf ljefun]cg'udg ug{ ;Sg]5 . cg'udg ubf{ s'g} q'6Lb]lvPdf dxflgb]{zsn] k'gM cGtMz'Ns lgwf{/0fug{ cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 .-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cGtMz'Nslgwf{/0f ug]{ jf bkmf !)s= adf]lhd k]z u/]sf]cGtMz'Ns ljj/0f hfFr ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflucGtMz'Ns clws[tnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf]clwsf/ x'g]5 M—-s_ cGtMz'Ns bfloTj;Fu;DalGwt j:t', :yfg,sfuhft, n]vf tyf clen]vhfFr ug]{,-v_ s'g} JolQmsf] sf/f]af/ :yn jfo; P]g cGtu{t s;"/ dflgg]sfo{l;t ;DalGwt k|df0fx'g;Sg] ;Defjgf ePsf cGo:yndf vfgtnf;L lng] jfl;njGbL ug]{,-u_ cfˆgf] st{Jokfngsf]l;nl;nfdf s'g} clen]v,lstfa, vftf sfuhft tof/ug]{ Jff ltgLx¿df ljj/0f eg]{JolQm;Fu hfgsf/L dfu ug]{,-3_ cGtMz'Ns nfUg] j:t' tyf;]jfsf] sf/f]af/:yn jf ;f];Fu;DalGwt cGo :yndf /x]sf]s'g} sfuhft, lstfa tyfclen]vnfO{ sAhf ug]{ jfcGoq n}hfg],-ª_ sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ug]{ :yfgjf sfof{no jf cGo s'g}pko'Qm :yfgdf cGtMz'Nssf]n]vfk/LIf0f ug]{,132


-r_ cGtMz'Ns clws[tn] a}Í tyfljQLo ;+:yf nufot s'g}JolQm;Fu cGtMz'Ns nfUg]j:t' jf ;]jfsf] sf/f]af/sf];DaGwdf s'g} s'/fsf]hfgsf/L dfu ug]{ .-%_ o; bkmf adf]lhd cGtMz'Nsclws[tn] dfu u/]sf] ;"rgf lbg' a}Í tyfljQLo ;+:yf jf ;DalGwt JolQmsf] st{Jox'g]5 .!)ª= ljz]if1sf] ;]jf lng ;Sg] M ljefun] o; P]gsf]k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogsf nflu cfjZostfcg';f/ dlb/f ljz]if1, a|'OË ljz]if1, /;foglj1 nufotsf cGo ljz]if1x¿sf] ;]jf lng;Sg]5 .!)r= cGtMz'Ns nfUg] j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] pTkfbgk|ltnAwL tf]Sg ;Sg] M -!_ PgxfO8«; Oyfgf]n,/]lS6kmfO8 l:k|6 jf O=Pg=P= pTkfbg ug]{pBf]un] k|of]u ug]{ cGg, df]nfl;; jf v'bf]af6k|fKt x'g' kg]{ Oyfgf]n, l:k|6 jf O=Pg=P= sf]pTkfbg k|ltnAwL b/sf] lgwf{/0f tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd tf]lsPsf]k|ltnAwL b/eGbf 36L pTkfbg ePsf] b]lvPdfTo:tf] km/s kl/df0fsf] Oyfgf]n, l:k|6 jfO=Pg=P= af6 ;f] k|lti7fgn] pTkfbg ug]{pRrtd sf]6Lsf] dlb/f pTkfbg ePsf]dflgg]5 .-#_ ljefun] cGtMz'Ns nfUg] cGoj:t' tyf ;]jfsf] pTkfbg k|ltnAwL b/ tf]Sg;Sg]5 .!)5= cNsf]xnsf] dfqf hfFr ug]{ M cGtMz'Ns clws[tn]h'g;'s} avt :jLs[lt lnO{ lgisfzg u/]sf]dlb/f / r'nfO{df hfg] kbfy{sf] cNsf]xnsf]dfqf jf u'0f:t/sf] k/LIf0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .cNsf]xnsf] dfqf Ps k|ltzteGbf a9L km/s133


jf u'0f:t/df pNn]vgLo ?kaf6 km/s kfg{kfOg] 5}g .!)h= aSof}tf cGtMz'Nssf] c;'nL M o; P]gadf]lhdsf] Dofbleq a'emfpg' kg]{ cGtMz'Nss'g} JolQmn] ga'emfPdf ;DalGwt cGtMz'Nsclws[tn] b]xfosf s'g} jf ;a} t/Lsf ckgfO{c;'n ug{ ;Sg]5 M–-s_ To:tf] JolQmnfO{ lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{s'g} /sd eP To;df s§f u/]/,-v_ g]kfn ;/sf/ jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf]:jfldTjdf ePsf] s'g} ;+ul7t;+:yf jf :yfgLo lgsfoaf6To:tf] JolQmn] kfpg] /sdaf6s§f ug{ nufP/,-u_ To:tf] JolQmsf] a}Í, ljQLo jfcGo ;+:yfdf /x]sf] lxtaf6 s§fug{ nufP/,:ki6Ls/0f M o; v08sf]k|of]hgsf] nflu ælxtÆ eGgfn]a}Í, ljQLo jf cGo ;+:yfdf /x]sf]lgIf]k tyf nufgLnfO{ ;d]t;Demg' k5{ .-3_ To:tf] JolQmsf] laqmL, lgsf;L,k}7f/L / cGo Joj;fo /f]Ssf u/]/,-ª_ To:tf] JolQmsf] rn tyf crn;DklQ sAhf u/]/,-r_ To:tf] JolQmsf] rn tyf crn;DklQ ;a} jf s]xL Ps} k6s jfk6s k6s u/L tf]lsP adf]lhdlnnfd laqmL u/]/,-5_ df}Hbftdf /x]sf] j:t' lnnfdu/]/ .!)em= ljnDa z'Ns M bkmf $ sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf]v08 -s_ sf] cj:yfdf afx]s cGtMz'Nslgwf{/0f ePsf] jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] o; P]gadf]lhdsf] Dofbleq a'emfpg' kg]{ cGtMz'Ns/sd s'g} JolQmn] ga'emfPdf a'emfFpg afFsL134


x]sf] cGtMz'Ns /sddf k|lt lbg z"Gobzdnj z'Go kfFr k|ltztsf b/n] ljnDaz'Ns nfUg]5 .-!)`_ cGtMz'Ns 5Ng] of]hgf lj?4sf] Joj:yf M o;P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklgcGtMz'Nssf] kmfObf lng] p2]Zon] s'g} JolQmn]b]xfosf] s'g} sfo{ u/]df o; P]g adf]lhd nfUg]cGtMz'Ns 5Ng b'?T;fxg u/]sf] dfgLdxflgb]{zsn] To:tf] JolQmsf] cGtMz'Nslgwf{/0f tyf c;'n pk/ ug{ cGtMz'Nsclws[tnfO{ cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 M–-s_ o; P]gdf ePsf] Joj:yfsf]b'?kof]u u/L cGtMz'Ns 5Ng]p2]Zon] s'g} of]hgf tyfsfo{ u/L cGtMz'Nssf] bfloTjsd u/]df, jf-v_ cGtMz'Ns bfloTj sd ug]{p2]Zon] s'g} sfo{ u/]df jf;f] ug]{ p2]Zon] ;+emf}tfu/]df .!)6= cGtMz'Ns l6s6 k/LIf0f ug]{ M dlb/f, ljo/ jfr'/f]6 / cGo cGtMz'Ns nfUg] a:t'sf] pTkfbgjf k}7f/Ldf k|of]u ul/g] cGtMz'Ns l6s6;SsnL jf gSsnL ;DaGwdf cGtMz'Nsclws[tn] k/LIf0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .Æ-!!_ bkmf !! df /x]sf] ælgsf;LÆ eGg] zAbsf] ;§fælgisfzgÆ eGg] zAb /flvPsf] 5 .-!@_ bkmf !@ sf] pkbkmf # sf] v08 -u_ sf] ;6[f b]xfosf]v08 -u_ /flvPsf] 5 M–Æ-u_ s;"/;+u ;DalGwt cGtMz'Ns nfUg] j:t' / ;f]adf]lhdsf] s;"/ k|dfl0ft ug{ ;xfos x'g] cGoj:t' sAhf ug{ / ;f] :yfgnfO{ l;naGbL ug{Æ-!#_ bkmf !@ sf] pkbkmf -#_ sf] v08 -3_ df b]xfoadf]lhdsf] k|ltjGwfTds jfSof+z ylkPsf] 5 M–æt/ To:tf] lgnDjg ;ft lbgeGbf a9L cjlwsf]nflu ug{ kfOg] 5}g / To;/L lgnDag u/]sf] ;f7Llbgleq tT;DaGwL cfjZos lg0f{o u/L ;Sg' kg]{5 .Æ135


-!$_ bkmf !# sf],—-s_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] 7fpF 7fpFdf /x]sf æcGtMz'Nssfof{noÆ eGg] zAbx¿sf] ;§f æcfGtl/s /fh:jsfof{noÆ eGg] zAbx¿ /flvPsf 5g\ .-v_ pkbkmf -#_ kl5 b]xfosf pkbkmf -$_ / -%_ylkPsf 5g\ M–æ-$_ ljefun] o; bkmf adf]lhdsf]s;"/sf] ;"rgf lbg] ;'/fsLnfO{ ;"rgfsf] ;Totfsf]cfwf/df ljefun] tf]s] adf]lhd a9Ldf bz xhf/?k}oFf;Dd ;'/fsL k|f]T;fxg vr{ lbg ;Sg]5 .-%_ o; bkmf adf]lhd s;"/sf] ;"rgflbg] JolQmsf] ljj/0f uf]Ko /xg]5 .Æ-!%_ bkmf !$ sf] pkbkmf -!_ df /x]sf æcGtMz'Nssfof{noÆ eGg] zAbx¿sf] ;§f æcfGtl/s /fh:jsfof{noÆ eGg] zAbx¿ /fvL ;f]xL pkbkmfsf] v08-s_, -v_ / -u_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf v08 -s_, -v_ / -u_/flvPsf 5g\ M–æ-s_ ;'/fs lbg] JolQmnfO{ lauf]sf] bz k|ltzt,-v_ j:t' dfq kqmL k]z ug]{ JolQmnfO{ lauf]sf] aL;k|ltzt .-u_ bzL tyf dflg; ;lxt kqmL k]z ug]{ JolQmnfO{lauf]sf] tL; k|ltzt,t/ ;"rgf jf ;'/fs lbg] JolQm PseGbf a9LePdf To:tf JolQmx¿aLr k'/:sf/sf] afF8kmfF8;dfg'kflts ?kn] ul/g]5 .Æ-!^_bkmf !% df /x]sf æcGtMz'Ns sfof{non]Æ eGg]zAbx¿sf] ;§f æcfGtl/s /fh:j sfof{non]Æ eGg]zAbx¿ /flvPsf 5g\ .-!&_ bkmf !^ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf !^ /flvPsf] 5 M–æ!^= b08 M -!_ s;}n] b]xfosf s;"/ u/]df To:tfJolQmnfO{ To:tf] s;"/sf] lgldQ lauf] hkmt u/Llauf] adf]lhd hl/jfgf jf Ps jif{;Dd s}b jfb'a} ;hfo x'g]5 M–-s_ o; P]g adf]lhd ltg{' kg]{ cGtMz'NsbafPdf, l5kfPdf jf 5n]df,-v_ Ohfhtkq glnO{ cGtMz'Ns nfUg] j:t'pTkfbg jf k}7f/L u/]df,136


-u_ s'g} JolQmn] ´'f n]vf jf lst]{ sfuhtof/ u/L o; P]g ljk/Lt s'g} s;"/u/]df,-3_ dlb/f, ljo/ jf r'/f]6 / cGo cGtMz'NsnfUg] a:t'sf] pTkfbg jf k}7f/Ldf k|of]uul/g] cGtMz'Ns l6s6 gSsnL agfO{ k|of]uu/]df, pTkfbg u/]df jf cf];f/ k;f/ jfe08f/0f u/]df .:ki6Ls/0f M -!_ o; v08 adf]lhd ;hfo ug{lauf] sfod ubf{ To:tf] l6s6 k|of]u ePsf] jfx'g;Sg] a:t'sf] zlQm, kl/df0f jf cfsf/sfcfwf/df cGtMz'Ns nfUg] a:t'sf] d"No sfodu/L ;f]df nfUg] cGtMz'Ns ;d]t hf]8L sfodul/g]5 .-@_ o; pkbkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nfluljuf] sfod ug{' kg{] a:t' tyf ;]jf las|L e};s]sf] cj:yfdf ;f] a:t' tyf ;]jfsf] las|Ld"NonfO{ cfwf/ dfgL lauf] sfod u/L ;f] /sdljuf]sf] ?kdf c;'n ul/g]5 .-@_ cGtMz'Ns clws[tn] pkbkmf -!_ dfplNnlvt b08 hl/jfgfsf cltl/Qm gAa] lbgdf ga9\g]u/L bkmf ( adf]lhd lbOPsf] Ohfhtkq lgnDag ;d]tug{ ;Sg]5 .-#_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -s_, -v_, -u_ jf -3_df n]lvPsf] s;"/sf] pBf]u jf b'?T;fxg ug]{nfO{ d"Vos;"/bf/nfO{ x'g] ;hfosf] cfwf ;hfo x'g]5 .-$_ s;"/;Fu k|ToIf jf k/f]If ?kdf k|of]u x'gcfPsf] ef8f at{g, j:t' jf ;]jf pTkfbg ug{ k|of]uul/Psf] Hofjn, d]lzg, pks/0f / ;jf/L ;fwg ;d]thkmt x'g]5 .t/ To:tf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmn] ;jf/L wgLsf]cg'dlt lagf ;jf/L ;fwg To:tf] sfddf k|of]u u/]sf]ePdf To:tf] ;jf/L ;fwg hkmt gu/L ;jf/L wgLnfO{kRrL; xhf/ ?k}ofF hl/afgf / ;jf/L rfnsnfO{s;"/sf] k|s[lt x]/L tLg dlxgf;Dd s}b jf kGw| xhf/?k}of;Dd hl/afgf jf b'a} ;hfo x'g]5 .-%_ pkbkmf -$_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg ef8fsf] ;jf/Ldf btf{ u/L ;jf/L ;fwgsf]137


dflnsn] g} k|of]u u/]sf] kfOPdf To:tf] ;jf/L hkmtx'g]5 .-^_ s'g} JolQmn] b]xfosf] s'g} s;"/ u/]dfcGtMz'Ns clws[tn] b]xfo adf]lhd hl/afgf ug{;Sg]5 M–-s_ bkmf & sf] pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhdk'gM d"No lgwf{/0f jf cltl/Qmd"No lgwf{/0f ePdf yk x'g]cGtMz'Ns /sdsf] zt k|ltzt/sd,-v_ Ohfhtkq glnO{ cGtMz'Ns nfUg]j:t' jf ;]jf laqmL jf ;~rou/]df kf‘r xhf/ ?k}oFfb]lv kGw|xhf/ ?k}oFf;Dd,-u_ bkmf !)s= sf] Joj:yf pNn‹gu/]df nfUg] cGtMz'Nssf] k|ltlbgz"Go bzdna z"Go kfFr k|ltztjf k|lt ljj/0f Ps xhf/?k}oFfdWo] h'g a9L x'G5 ;f] /sd,-3_ bkmf !)v= sf] pkbkmf -!_adf]lhdsf] n]vf cBfjlwsg/fv]df bz xhf/ ?k}ofF /sf/f]af/sf] n]vf lg/LIf0f ug{glbPdf k6s}lkR5] kfFr xhf/?k}ofF,-ª_ bkmf !)v= sf] pkbkmf -@_pNn‹g u/]df kfFr xhf/?k}ofF;Dd,-r_ bkmf !)v= sf] pkbkmf -#_ pNn‹gu/]df bz xhf/ ?k}ofF,-5_ bkmf !)3= sf] pkbkmf -#_adf]lhdsf] cg'udg ug]{ sfo{dfjfwf lj/f]w u/]df k6s} lkR5] kFfrxhf/ ?k}ofF,-h_ bkmf !)5= adf]lhd hfFr ubf{cNsf]xnsf] dfqf Ps k|ltzteGbfa9L km/s ePdf /fh:j r'xfj6ePsf] /sdsf] zt k|ltzt /sd,138


-em_ cGtMz'Ns nfUg] j:t' jf ;]jfsf]pTkfbg k|ltnAwL tf]lsPsf]df ;f]cg';f/sf] pTkfbg k|ltnAwLgk'u]df yk x'g] cGtMz'Ns /sdsf]zt k|ltzt /sd,-`_ bkmf $3= sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf]pNn‹g u/]df k6s}lkR5] bzxhf/ ?k}ofF,-6_ o; bkmfdf pNn]v ul/Pb]lvafx]s of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{tag]sf] lgod pNn‹g u/]df k6s}lkR5] Ps xhf/ ?k}ofF,-7_ :jod\ lgisfzg k|0ffnL cGtu{tsfj:t' tyf ;]jfsf] laqmL ubf{cGtMz'Ns c;'n gu/]df jf sdc;'n u/]df nfUg] cGtMz'Ns c;'nu/L c;'n gePsf] jf sd c;'nePsf] cGtMz'Ns /sdsf] ztk|ltzt /sd,-8_ bkmf #s= sf] pkbkmf -#_ sf]pNn‹g u/L cGtMz'Ns qm]l86bfjL u/]df To;/L qm]l86 bfaLu/]sf] cGtMz'Ns /sdsf] zt\k|ltzt /sd,-9_ bkmf $3= sf] pkbkmf -@_ sf]pNn‹g u/]df klxnf] k6ssfnflu bz xhf/ ?k}ofF / To; kl5k|To]s k6ssf nflu aL; xhf/?k}ofF .Æ-!*_ bkmf !& sf] pkbkmf -@_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -#_ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-#_ hkmt ul/Psf j:t'x? k/LIf0f ubf{pkof]u ug{ ldNg] b]lvPdf lnnfd ljqmL u/L cfPsf]/sd /fh:j bflvnf ug{' kg]{5 .t/ k/LIf0faf6 To:tf j:t'x? pkof]u ug{gldNg] ePdf ljefun] tf]s] adf]lhd gi6 ug'{ kg]{5 .Æ-!(_ bkmf !& kl5 b]xfosf] bkmf !&s= ylkPsf] 5 M–139


æ!&s= ls:tfaGbLdf ltg]{ Joj:yf M s'g} s/bftfn]aSof}tf cGtMz'Ns ls:tfaGbLdf a'emfpg kfpFegL lnlvt cg'/f]w u/]df Ps jif{sf] nfluls:tfaGbLdf a'emfpg] u/L cg'dlt k|bfg ug{;lsg]5 .Æ-@)_ bkmf !( sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf !( /flvPsf] 5 M–æ!(= k|zf;sLo k'g/fjnf]sg tyf k'g/fj]bg ;DaGwLJoj:yf M -!_ cGtMz'Ns clws[tn] cGtMz'Nslgwf{/0f tyf c;'nLsf ;DaGwdf u/]sf] lg0f{opk/ lrQ ga'em]df To:tf] ;"rgf kfPsf] ldltn]tL; lbgleq ;f] lg0f{osf] lj?4 k|zf;sLok'g/fjnf]sg dxflgb]{zs ;dIf lgj]bg lbg;Sg]5 .t/ bkmf !^ sf] pkbkmf -!_, -@_, -#_ /-$_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/df cGtMz'Ns clws[tn] s}bug]{ u/L u/]sf] lg0f{o pk/ k}+tL; lbg leq /fh:jGofoflws/0fdf k'g/fj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgj]bg lbg]Dofb u'lh|g uPdf To:tf] Dofb u'h|]sf] ldltn];ft lbgleq Dofb u'lh|g uPsf] sf/0f vf]nLDofb yksf] nflu dxflgb]{zs ;dIf lgj]bg lbg;Sg]5 / To:tf] lgj]bgdf plNnlvt sf/0fdgfl;a b]lvPdf dxflgb]{zsn] Dofb u'h|]sf]ldltaf6 tL; lbgsf] Dofb yk ug{ ;Sg]5 .-# pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k/]sf] lgj]bgpk/ 5fglag ubf{ lgj]bssf] lhsL/ dgfl;ab]lvg cfPdf :ki6 sf/0f vf]nL krf{ v8f u/Ldxflgb]{zsn] ;f] s/ lgwf{/0f cfb]z ab/ u/Lk'gM s/ lgwf{/0f ug{ ;DalGwt s/ clws[t jfcGo s'g} s/ clws[tnfO{ cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 .-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgj]bg k/]sf]ldltn] ;f7L lbgleq ;f] lgj]bg pk/dxflgb]{zsn] lg0f{o ug'{ kg]{5 .-%_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgj]bg lbg]JolQmn] lgwf{l/t cGtMz'Ns /sddWo] ljjfb /lxtcGtMz'Ns / hl/afgf /sd a'emfO{ ljjflbt140


cGtMz'Ns / hl/afgf /sdsf] Ps ltxfO{ /sdgub w/f}6L /fVg' kg]{5 .-^_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhdsf] Dofbleqdxflgb]{zsn] lg0f{o gu/]df ;f] Dofb gf3]kl5 jfu/]sf] lg0f{o pk/ lrQ ga'em]df ;f] lg0f{osf];'rgf kfPsf] ldltn] k}+tL; lbgleq ;DalGwtJolQmn] /fh:j Gofoflws/0fdf k'g/fj]bg lbg;Sg]5 .-&_ o; bkmf adf]lhd k|zf;sLok'g/fjnf]sgsf] lgj]bg jf k'g/fj]bg lbg] JolQmn];f]sf] Ps k|lt kGw| lbgleq ;DalGwt sfof{nodfbtf{ u/fpg' kg]{5 .-*_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k'g/fjnf]sgsf]lgj]bg jf k'g/fj]bg lbPsf] sf/0faf6 bkmf !^sf] pkbkmf -!_ df plNnlvt lg0f{osf]sfof{Gjogdf c;/ k/]sf] dflgg] 5}g .Æ-@!_ bkmf @@ kl5 b]xfosf] bkmf @@s=ylkPsf] 5 M–æ@@s= cGtMz'Ns ;/x dflgg] M o; P]g adf]lhd nfUg]b:t'/, ljnDa z'Ns jf hl/afgf o; P]gadf]lhd nfUg] cGtMz'Ns ;/x dflgg]5 .Æ-@@_ bkmf @# sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf @# /flvPsf] 5 M–æ@#= ljefu lhDd]jf/ x'g] M o; P]gsf] sfof{Gjog tyfk|zf;g ug]{ sfdsf] nflu ljefu lhDd]jf/x'g]5 .Æ-@#_ bkmf @# kl5 b]xfosf] bkmf @#s= /flvPsf] 5 M–æ@#s= k"jf{b]z M -!_ s'g} JolQmn] of] P]g nfu" x'g]cj:yfaf/] låljwf lg/fs/0fsf nflu ljefu;dIf lnlvt lgj]bg lbPdf ljefun] ;f]JolQmnfO{ lnlvt ?kdf ;"lrt u/L k"jf{b]zåf/fwf/0ff hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 .-@_ o:tf] k"jf{b]z dfu ePsf] ljifodfhf/L ePsf] ldlt kZrftsf k|jGw tyflgj]bgdf pNn]v ePsf ljifodf dfq nfu"x'g]5 .-#_ cbfntdf ljrf/fwLg /x]sf ljifo/ cbfntaf6 JofVof e} cfb]z ePsf ljifodf141


k"jf{b]zsf] lgj]bg k/L hf/L ePdf ;d]t :jtMlgis[o ePsf] dflgg]5 .Æ-@$_ bkmf @$ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf @$ /flvPsf] 5 M–æ@$= cGtMz'Ns ;DaGwL Joj:yf o;} P]g adf]lhdx'g] M k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg ;fnj;fnL nfu" x'g] cfly{s P]gn] o;P]gdf ;+zf]wg u/L cGtMz'Ns nufpg], lgwf{/0fug]{, a9fpg], 36fpg], 5"6 lbg] jf ldgfxf lbg];DaGwL Joj:yf u/]sf]df afx]s cGo s'g} klgP]gn] o; P]g adf]lhdsf cGtMz'NssfJoj:yfx?df s'g} klg ;+zf]wg, kl/jt{g ug{ jfcGtMz'Ns ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg] 5}g .Æ-@%_ bkmf @% kl5 b]xfosf] bkmf @%s= ylkPsf]5,–æ@%s= lgb]{lzsf agfO{ nfu" ug{ ;Sg] M of] P]g / o;P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgodsf] cwLgdf /xLljefun] cfjZos lgb]{lzsf agfO{ nfu" ug{;Sg]5 .Æ-@^_ cGtMz'Ns P]g, @)%* df b]xfosf] cg';"rL ylkPsf] 5 M–142


cg';"rL-bkmf # ;Fu ;DalGwt_cGtMz'Ns b/aGbLzLif{s pkzLif{s j:t' jf ;]jfsf] ljj/0f cGtMz'Ns b/14.04 cGoq gk/]sf] jg:kltpTkfbg .–cGoM1404.90.11 ––cw{tof/L vo/ sTyfsTyf/;_k|lt lsnf]=?=!).–1404.90.12 ––vo/ sTyf k|lt lsnf]=?=!!%.–16.01 1601.00.00 ;;]h / df;', ckmn //utaf6 jg]sf] o:t}pTkfbgÙ oLpTkfbgx?df cfwfl/tvfB kbfy{ .143df]nk|ltzt %16.02 tof/L jf ;'/lIft df;',ckmn jf /ut .1602.10.00 –;d?kL kl/sf/ df]nk|ltzt %1602.20.00 –s'g} hgfj/sf]sn]hf]sf]df]nk|ltzt %–zLif{s )!=)% sf] r/fr'?ËLsf]M1602.31.00 ––6sL{sf] df]nk|ltzt %1602.32.00 ––Uofn'; 8f]d]li6shftsf r/fx?-kmfpN;_ sf]df]nk|ltzt %1602.39.00 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt %–;'u'/sf]1602.41.00 ––lkmnf / lkmnsf] 6'qmf df]nk|ltzt %


1602.42.00 cuf8Lsf] lkmnf /To;sf] 6'qmfdf]nk|ltzt %1602.49.00 ––cGo, ld>0f ;d]tsf] df]nk|ltzt %1602.50.00 –rf}kfof -af]efOg_lhjhGt'sf]df]nk|ltzt %1602.90.00 –cGo, s'g} hgfj/sf]/utsf] kl/sf/ ;d]tdf]nk|ltzt %16.03 1603.00.00 df;', df5f, qm'i6fl;og,df]n:s jf cGo hnLoOgel6{a|]6sf] ;f/ //; .df]nk|ltzt %16.04 tof/L / ;'/lIft df5fÙSofle/ -df5fsf] km'n_ /df5fsf] km'n -Sofle/_sf] k|lt:yfks-;A:6LRo"6_–l;Ë} jf 6'qmf df5f t/s];|f gkf/]sf]M1604.11.00 ––;fNdf]g df]nk|ltzt %1604.12.00 ––x]/Ë;\ df]nk|ltzt %1604.13.00 ––:k|f6 df5fsf] ;fl8{G;,;fl8{g]nf, / la|;lnªdf]nk|ltzt %1604.14.00 ––6'gfh, :sLkHofs / df]njf]lgtf]-;f8f{ P; kL kL_ k|ltzt %1604.15.00 ––Dofsf/n df]nk|ltzt %1604.16.00 ––PGsf]leh df]nk|ltzt %1604.17.00 ––afd-O{n_ x? df]nk|ltzt %1604.19.00 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt %1604.20.00 –cGo tof/L jf ;'/lIft df]ndf5fk|ltzt %–Sofleo/ / SofleP/sfk|lt:yfksx?144


1604.31.00 ––SofleP/ df]nk|ltzt %1604.32.00 ––SofleP/sf df]nk|lt:yfksx? k|ltzt %16.05 tof/L jf ;'/lIftqm'i6fl;oG;, df]n:s, /cGO 9f8sf] xf8gePsf] -Ogel6{a]|6_hnr/x? .1605.10.00 –u+u6f] df]nk|ltzt %–lem+u] df5f -;|LDk /k|fpg_ x?1605.21.00 ––xfjf gl5g]{ efF8f]dfg/flvPsf]145df]nk|ltzt %1605.29.00 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt %1605.30.00 –nf]J:6/ df]nk|ltzt %1605.40.00 –cGo s'i6fl;oG; df]nk|ltzt %–aflx/L va6f x'g] hLj-df]n:s_ x?M1605.51.00 ––l;kL-cf]O:6/_ x? df]nk|ltzt %1605.52.00 ––3'FuL -:sfnf]k_ x?/fgL 3'FuL -SjLg:sfnf]k_ x? ;d]tdf]nk|ltzt %1605.53.00 ––d;nfx? df]nk|ltzt %1605.54.00 ––s6n df5f / l:Sj8\ df]nk|ltzt %1605.55.00 –– Snfd, sf]sn / cfs{;]nx?df]nk|ltzt %1605.56.00 ––Snfd, sf]sn / cfs{;]nx?df]nk|ltzt %1605.57.00 ––Pafnf]g df]nk|ltzt %


1605.58.00 ––z+v]ls/f -:g]n_ x?,;d'lGb| z+v]ls/f -;L:g]n_ x? jfx]s146df]nk|ltzt %1605.59.00 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt %–cGo 9f8df xf8 gx'g]hnr/x?1605.61.00 ––;d'b|L So'sDj/x? df]nk|ltzt %1605.62.00 ––;d'b|L clr{gx? df]nk|ltzt %1605.63.00 ––h]ln df5f df]nk|ltzt %1605.69.00 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt %17.01 7f]; ?kdf pv' jfr'sGb/ / /f;folgstj/jf6 z'4 ul/Psf];'qmf]h -pv'sf] lrgL_–/+ufpg] / ;'jf; :jfbcfpg] kbfy{ gld;fPsf]sRrf lrgL1701.13.10 –––;Vv/ -u'+8 /e]nL;d]t_, u'F8u§f-k}7f/Ldf dfq_––pv'sf] cGo lrgLM1701.14.10 –––;Vv/ -u'+8 /e]nL;d]t_, u'F8u§f-k}7f/Ldf dfq_k|lt=SjLG6n=?=().–k|lt=SjLG6n=?=().–17.03 lrgL jfgpbf lg:sg]lz/f jf pv'sf] /;-6]df5'jf v'bf] ;d]t_1703.10.00 –pv'sf] v'+bf] -df]nfl;;_ k|lt=SjLG6n=?=%).–1703.90.00 –cGo k|lt=SjLG6n=?=%).–


19.02 :k]u]6L, Dofsf/f]gL,g"8N;, n;fg], gf]sL,/flecf]nL, Sofg]nf]gLs's'x? h:tf ksfOPsfjf gksfOPsf,-df;' jf cGo kbfy{_el/Psf jf gel/Psf jfcGo lsl;daf6 tof/kfl/Psf kfi6fsfkl/sf/x?Ù tof/ul/Psf] jf gul/Psf]s's'x? .–gksfPsf] kf:6f-d'5]sf] lk7f]_, ge/]sf]-gf}6 :6km]8_ jf cGok|sf/sf] tof/L1902.11.00 ––k'mn xfn]sf] k|lt lsnf]=?=&.%)1902.19.00 ––cGo k|lt lsnf]=?=&.%)1902.20.00 –ksfPsf] jf gksfPsf]jf cGo k|sf/n] tof/u/]sf] e/]sf] kf:6f-d'5]sf] lk7f]_1902.30.00 –cGo kf:6f -d'5]sf]lk7f]_1902.40.00 –s's' -pQ/L clk«msLvfB kbfy{_k|lt lsnf]=?=&.%)k|lt lsnf]=?=&.%)k|lt lsnf]=?=&.%)147


19.05 sf]sf] k/]sf] jf gk/]sf]kfp/f]6L, k]i6«L, s]s,la:s'6 / c? /f]6L;DaGwL ;fdfgÙsDo'lgod, j]km;{-ksfPsf] /f]6L lasf]{sf]sfd ug]{_, cf}ifwL eg{x'g] vfnL SofK;"n,-PD6L Sof;]_ l;lnªj]kmo;{ -6fNg] /f]6L_,/fO; k]k/ -tf]km', ddrfagfpg] lk7f]sf] /f]6Lh:tf] kbfy{_ / cGoo:t} pTkfbg .–cGoM1905.90.20 ––cfn' lrK; k|lt lsnf]=?=&.%)20.09 lrgL xfn]sf] jfgxfn]sf], :k|L6 gxfn]sf]/ gs'xfPsf] kmnk"mnsf]/; -c+u'/sf] sf+rf] /;;d]t_ / jg:klt /; .–;'Gtnfsf] /; -cf]/]Ghh';_M2009.11.00 ––lxdLs[t -k|mf]h]g_ k|lt ln6/?=$.%)2009.12.00 ––lxdLs[t gul/Psf], k|lt ln6/j[Ifd"No @) ggf3]sf] ?=$.%)2009.19.00 ––cGo k|lt ln6/?=$.%)–ef]u6] -kf]d]nf] ;d]t_sf] /; -u|]kk|m'6OGSn'l8Ë kf]d]nf] h";_ M2009.21.00 ––j[If d"No @) ggf3]sf]148k|lt ln6/?=$.%)2009.29.00 ––cGo k|lt ln6/?=$.%)–cGo s'g} hlDj/ hflt-l;6/;_ sf] Psnkmnsf] /;M


2009.31.00 ––j[If d'No @) ggf3]sf]149k|lt ln6/?=$.%)2009.39.00 ––cGo k|lt ln6/?=$.%)–e'+Os6x/sf] /;-kfOg]kn h";_M2009.41.00 ––j[If d'No @) eGbfa9L gePsf]k|lt ln6/?=$.%)2009.49.00 ––cGo k|lt ln6/?=$.%)k|lt ln6/?=$.%)2009.50.00 ––uf]ne]8fsf] /;-6df6f] h";_–c+u'/sf] /; -u|]k h";_-c+u'/sf] sf+rf] /;_ -u|]kdi6_ ;d]tM2009.61.00 ––j[If d"No #) ggf3]sf] k|lt ln6/?=$.%)2009.69.00 ––cGo k|lt ln6/?=$.%)–:ofpsf] /; -Pk'nh";_ M2009.71.00 ––j[If d"No @) ggf3]sf]k|lt ln6/?=$.%)2009.79.00 ––cGo k|lt ln6/?=$.%)–cGo s'g} Pp6} kmnk"mnjf jg:kltsf] /;M2009.81.00 ––q\mofga]/L-EoflS;lgodDofqmf]sfkf]{g,EoflS;lgodclS;ss;,EoflS;lgod lel6;– k|lt ln6/Ol8of_ sf] /; -h';_ ?=$.%)2009.89.00 ––cGo k|lt ln6/?=$.%)2009.90.00 –/;sf] ld>0f k|lt ln6/?=$.%)21.06 cGoq gk/]sf] vfBkbfy{


–cGo2106.90.20 ;'tL{/lxt kfg d;nf k|lt lsnf]?=#&%.–2106.90.60 s'/s'/], s'/d'/],lrhaN;, n]h, / To:t}pTkfbgk|lt lsnf]?=&.%)2106.90.70 ;"lt{ /lxt ;'ulGwt k|lt lsnf];'kf/L? !#*.–22.02 lrgL xfn]sf] jf u'lnof]u/]sf] / jf:gf cfpg];'?lrs/ kfgL, k|fs[lts/ s[lqd vlgh kfgL /jfo' k|jflxt kfgL-Pl/6]8_ ;d]t / zLif{s@)=)( sf] kmnk"mn /jg:kltsf] /; ;dfj]zgePsf] cNsf]xn /lxtk]o kbfy{ .2202.90.00 – cGo k|lt ln6/=?=^.%)22.03 2203.00.00 hf}af6 jg]sf] ljo/ . k|lt ln6/?=(*.–22.04 tfhf c+u'/sf] jfOg /cNsf]xn xfnL ;'/lIftul/Psf] -kmf]l6{kmfO8_jfOg ;d]t lzif{s@)=)( sf] jfx]s sfFrf]c+u'/sf] /;-u|]k d:6_–:kfls{ª jfOgM2204.10.10 ––!@ k|ltzt;DdcNsf]xn ePsf-k}7f/Ldf dfq_2204.10.20 ––!@ b]lv !&k|ltzt;Dd cNsf]xnePsf2204.10.30 ––!& k|ltzt eGbf a9LcNsf]xn ePsfk|lt ln6/?=@%).–k|lt ln6/?=@%).–k|lt ln6/?=@().–150


–cGo jfOgÙ sf+rf]c+u'/sf] /;, cNsf]xnxfn]/ s'x'g /f]s]sf] jf9Lnf] u/]sf]M––@ ln6/ jf sd hfg]ef+8f]df /x]sf]M2204.21.10 –––!@ k|ltzt;DdcNsf]xn ePsf-k}7f/Ldf dfq_2204.21.20 –––!@ b]lv !&k|ltzt;Dd cNsf]xnePsf2204.21.30 –––!& k|ltzt eGbf a9LcNsf]xn ePsf––cGoM2204.29.10 –––!@ k|ltzt;DdcNsf]xn ePsf2204.29.20 –––!@ b]lv !&k|ltzt;Dd cNsf]xnePsf2204.29.30 –––!& k|ltzt eGbf a9LcNsf]xn ePsf2204.29.40 :jb]zdf lgld{t jfO{g-r'qf], :ofp / P];]n'af6,lgld{t !@ k|ltzt;DdcNsf]xnsf] dfqf ePsf]_–cGo sf+rf] c+u'/sf] /;M2204.30.10 ––!@ k|ltzt;DdcNsf]xn ePsf jfO{g-k}7f/Ldf dfq_2204.30.20 ––!@ b]lv !&k|ltzt;Dd cNsf]xnePsf jfO{g2204.30.30 ––!& k|ltzt eGbf a9LcNsf]xn ePsf jfO{g22.05 e/dfpy / jf:gf cfpg];f/ jf ;'ulGwt jf]6lj?jf ldl>t tfhfc+u'/sf] cGo jfOg .151k|lt ln6/?=@%).–k|lt ln6/?=@%).–k|lt ln6/?=@().–k|lt ln6/?=@%).–k|lt ln6/?=@%).–k|lt ln6/?=@().–k|lt ln6/?=^^.–k|lt ln6/?=@%).–k|lt ln6/?=@%).–k|lt ln6/?=@().–


–@ ln6/ jf sd hfg]ef8fdf /x]sf]M––!@ k|ltzt;Dd k|lt ln6/cNsf]xn ePsf ?=@%).–2205.10.10 -k}7f/Ldf dfq_––!@ b]lv !& k|lt ln6/2205.10.20 k|ltzt;Dd cNsf]xn ?=@%).–ePsf2205.10.30 ––!& k|ltzt eGbf a9LcNsf]xn ePsfk|lt ln6/?=@().––cGoM––!@ k|ltzt;DdcNsf]xn ePsf k|lt ln6/2205.90.10 -jfOg k}7f/Ldf dfq_ ?=@%).–––!@ b]lv !&2205.90.20 k|ltzt;Dd cNsf]xn k|lt ln6/ePsf?=@%).–2205.90.30––!& k|ltzt eGbf a9LcNsf]xn ePsfk|lt ln6/?=@().–22.06 cGo s'xfPsf]-kmd]{06]8_ k]o kbfy{x?-pbfx/0ftM :ofpaf6ag]sf] ;fO8/,gf;kftLaf6 ag]sf k]/L,s'xfPsf] dx / kfgLldnfPsf] ld8_Ù cGoqgk/]sf jf ;dfj]zgePsf s'xfPsf] k]okbfy{x? -kmd]{06]8\lje/]h]h_ sf] ld>0f /s'xfOPsf k]o kbfy{x?-kmd]{06]8\ lje/]h]h_ tyfcdf/s k]o kbfy{-ggcNsf]xf]lnslje/]h]h_ x?sf]ld>0f .2206.00.10 ––5\ofË -sG6«L ljo/_ k|lt ln6/?=@).–152


2206.00.20 ––;]Dk]g, ;]/L, ld8,k]/L, ljb]zdf pTkflbt;fO8/2206.00.30 ––:jb]zdf pTkflbt;fO8/2206.00.40 ––!& k|ltzteGbf a9LcNsf]xn ePsf] hl8j'6Lldl>t dlb/f, sS6]n-cNsf]xlns÷cNsf]xlns÷gg\cNsf]xlns ld>0f_tyf cGo kmd]{06]8k|lt ln6/?=@().–k|lt ln6/?=!)).–k|lt ln6/?=@().–dlb/fx¿2206.00.90 –cGo k|lt ln6/?=@().–22.07 *) k|ltzt 3gTjcNsf]xn zlQm jf ;f]eGbf dfly cNsf]xnzlQm ePsf] cg\l8g]r8{Oyfon cNsf]xn /h'g;'s} cNsf]xn zlQmePsf] l8g]r8{ OyfOncNsf]xn / cGo l:k|62207.10.10 –*) k|ltzt 3gTjcNsf]xn zlQm jf ;f]eGbf dfly cNsf]xnzlQm ePsf] cg\l8g]r8{Oyfon cNsf]xn2207.10.20 cfotgdf *) k|ltztjf ;f] eGbf a9LcNsf]xn ePsf dlb/fsf]sRrf kbfy{sf] ?kdfk|of]u x'g] /]lS6kmfO8l:k|62207.10.30 O{=Pg=P=-PS6«f Go'6«ncNsf]xn_2207.10.40 PgxfO8«; Oyfgf]n-(( k|ltzteGbf a9LcNsf]xn ePsf]_k|lt ln6/?=%).–k|lt ln6/?=%).–k|lt ln6/?=%).–k|lt ln6/?=^.–153


2207.20.00 –l8g]r8{ l:k|6 -*) b]lv(( k|ltzt;DdcNsf]xn ePsf]_22.08 *) k|ltzt eGbf sd3gTj cNsf]xn zlQmePsf] cljs[t-cgl8g]r8{_ PlyncNsf]xnÙ c/v-l:kl/6\;_, dlb/f-lns;{_ / cGo dfbs-l:kl/r'c;_ k]ox?-a]e/]h]h_ .–c+u'/sf] jfOg jf c+u'/dfs{jf6 lgsfnLPsf]l:k|6 -j|f08L_2208.20.10 ––jfOg jf a|f08Lsf]sRrf kbfy{sf] ?kdfk|of]u x'g] ;j} k|sf/sfdfbs b|ax?-:k|L6;d]t_––cGo2208.20.90.10 ––– !% o'=lk= zlQmsf]-$*=% k|ltztcNsf]xnsf] dfqf ePsf]_tof/L dlb/f2208.20.90.20 ––– @% o'=lk= zlQmsf]-$@=* k|ltztcNsf]xnsf] dfqf ePsf]_tof/L dlb/f2208.20.90.30 ––– #) o'=lk= zlQmsf]-#(=($ k|ltztcNsf]xnsf] dfqf ePsf]_tof/L dlb/f–XjL:sLx?k|lt ln6/?=!).–k|lt ln6/?=!!%.–k|lt ln6/?=&(#.–k|lt Pn=lk=ln6/?=(##.–k|lt ln6/?=%(!.–k|lt Pn=lk=ln6/?=&**.–k|lt ln6/?=%%!.–k|lt Pn=lk=ln6/?=&**.–154


2208.30.10 –– XjL:sLsf] sRrfkbfy{sf] ?kdf k|of]u x'g]dfbs b|ax?-:k|L6 ;d]t_––cGo2208.30.90.10 ––– !% o'=lk= zlQmsf]-$*=% k|ltztcNsf]xnsf] dfqf ePsf]_tof/L dlb/f2208.30.90.20 –––@% o'=lk= zlQmsf]-$@=* k|ltztcNsf]xnsf] dfqf ePsf]_tof/L dlb/f2208.30.90.30 –––#) o'=lk= zlQmsf]-#(=($ k|ltztcNsf]xnsf] dfqf ePsf]_tof/L dlb/f–pv'sf] pTkfbgx?nfO{s'xfP/ r'nfO{ u/Llgsflnsf] /d / cGol:k|62208.40.10 –– /d / cGo:k|L6x?sf] sRrfkbfy{sf] ?kdf k|of]u x'g]pv'sf] pTkfbgx?nfO{s'xfP/ r'nfO{ u/LlgsflnPsf] :k|L6;d]tsf dfbs b|ax?––cGo2208.40.90.10 –––!% o'=lk= zlQmsf]-$*=% k|ltztcNsf]xnsf] dfqf ePsf]_tof/L dlb/fk|lt ln6/?=!!%.–k|lt ln6/?=&(#.–k|lt Pn=lk=ln6/?=(##.–k|lt ln6/?=%(!.–k|lt Pn=lk=ln6/?=&**.–k|lt ln6/?=%%!.–k|lt Pn=lk=ln6/?=&**.–k|lt ln6/?=!!%.–k|lt ln6/?=&(#.–k|lt Pn=lk=ln6/?=(##.–155


2208.40.90.20 –––@% o'=lk= zlQmsf]-$@=* k|ltztcNsf]xnsf] dfqf ePsf]_tof/L dlb/f2208.40.90.30 –––#) o'=lk= zlQmsf]-#(=($ k|ltztcNsf]xnsf] dfqf ePsf]_tof/L dlb/f–hLg / h]g]ef2208.50.10 –– lhg / h]g]efsf]sRrf kbfy{sf] ?kdfk|of]u dfbs b|ax?{-:k|L6;d]t_––cGo2208.50.90.10 –––!% o'=lk= zlQmsf]-$*=% k|ltztcNsf]xnsf] dfqf ePsf]_tof/L dlb/f2208.50.90.20 –––@% o'=lk= zlQmsf]-$@=* k|ltztcNsf]xnsf] dfqf ePsf]_tof/L dlb/f2208.50.90.30 –––#) o'=lk= zlQmsf]-#(=($ k|ltztcNsf]xnsf] dfqf ePsf]_tof/L dlb/f–ef]8\sf2208.60.10 ––ef]8\sfsf] sRrfkbfy{sf] ?kdf k|of]udfbs b|ax?{-:k|L6;d]t_––cGok|lt ln6/?=%(!.–k|lt Pn=lk=ln6/?=&**.–k|lt ln6/?=%%!.–k|lt Pn=lk=ln6/?=&**.–k|lt ln6/?=!!%.–k|lt ln6/?=&(#.–k|lt Pn=lk=ln6/?=(##.–k|lt ln6/?=%(!.–k|lt Pn=lk=ln6/?=&**.–k|lt ln6/?=%%!.–k|lt Pn=lk=ln6/?=&**.–k|lt ln6/?=!!%.–156


2208.60.90.10 –––!% o'=lk= zlQmsf]-$*=% k|ltztcNsf]xnsf] dfqf ePsf]_tof/L dlb/f2208.60.90.20 –––@% o'=lk= zlQmsf]-$@=* k|ltztcNsf]xnsf] dfqf ePsf]_tof/L dlb/f2208.60.90.30 –––#) o'=lk= zlQmsf]-#(=($ k|ltztcNsf]xnsf] dfqf ePsf]_tof/L dlb/f–dlb/f -lns;{_ tyfp2Lks - sfl8{oN;_2208.70.10 –– dlb/f-lns;{_ tyfp2Lks-sfl8{oN;_ sf]sRrf kbfy{sf] ?kdfk|of]u x'g] dfbs b|ax?{-:k|L6 ;d]t_––cGo2208.70.90.10 ––– !% o'=lk= zlQmsf]-$*=% k|ltztcNsf]xnsf] dfqf ePsf]_tof/L dlb/f2208.70.90.20 ––– @% o'=lk= zlQmsf]-$@=* k|ltztcNsf]xnsf] dfqf ePsf]_tof/L dlb/f2208.70.90.30 ––– #) o'=lk= zlQmsf]-#(=($ k|ltztcNsf]xnsf] dfqf ePsf]_tof/L dlb/f–cGok|lt ln6/?=&(#.–k|lt Pn=lk=ln6/?=(##.–k|lt ln6/?=%(!.–k|lt Pn=lk=ln6/?=&**.–k|lt ln6/?=%%!.–k|lt Pn=lk=ln6/?=&**.–k|lt ln6/?=!!%.–k|lt ln6/?=&(#.–k|lt Pn=lk=ln6/?=(##.–k|lt ln6/?=%(!.–k|lt Pn=lk=ln6/?=&**.–k|lt ln6/?=%%!.–k|lt Pn=lk=ln6/?=&**.–157


2208.90.10 cGo dlb/fsf] sRrfkbfy{sf] ?kdf k|of]u x'g]dfbs b|ax? -:k|L6;d]t_––cGo2208.90.90.10 –––!% o'=lk= zlQmsf]-$*=% k|ltztcNsf]xnsf] dfqf ePsf]_2208.90.90.20 ––– @% o'=lk= zlQmsf]-$@=* k|ltztcNsf]xnsf] dfqf ePsf]_2208.90.90.30 –––#) o'=lk= zlQmsf]-#(=($ k|ltztcNsf]xnsf] dfqf ePsf]_2208.90.90.40 –––$)o'=lk= zlQmsf]-#$=@# k|ltztcNsf]xnsf] dfqf ePsf]_2208.90.90.50 ––– %) o'=lk= zlQmsf]-@*=%# k|ltztcNsf]xnsf] dfqf ePsf]_2208.90.90.60–––&) o'=lk= zlQmsf]-!&=!@ k|ltztcNsf]xnsf] dfqf ePsf]_k|lt ln6/?=!!%.–k|lt ln6/?=&(#.–k|lt Pn=lk=ln6/?=(##.–k|lt ln6/?=%(!.–k|lt Pn=lk=ln6/?=&**.–k|lt ln6/?=%%!.–k|lt Pn=lk=ln6/?=&**.–k|lt ln6/?=@&(.–k|ltPn=lk=ln6/?=$^%.–k|lt ln6/?=!!%.–k|lt Pn=lk=ln6/?=@#).–k|lt ln6/?=@$.–k|lt Pn=lk=ln6/?=*).–158


|i6Jo t/ cfofltt dlb/fsf]xsdf dfly pNn]lvtb/aGbLdf tf]lsPsf]cNsf]xnsf] dfqfdf Psk|ltzt ;Dd km/sePdf ;f]xL b/aGbLnfUg]5 / Ps k|ltzteGbf a9L km/s ePdfglhssf] pRrb/sf]b/jGbL cg';f/cGtz'Ns nufO{ c;'npk/ ul/g]5 .24.01 clgld{t-cGDofg'ˆofSr8{_ ;'tL{Ù;'tL{sf] cjz]if -k}7f/Ldfdfq_2401.10.00 –8f+7af6 g5'6\ofOPsf]jf glgsflnPsf] ;'tL{-g6 :6]D8÷:6«LK8_k|lt ls=u|f=?=^).–2401.20.00 –cf+lzs jf k"0f{?kdf8f+7af6 5'6\ofOPsf] jflgsflnPsf] ;'tL{ k|lt ls=u|f=-:6]D8÷ :6«LK8_ ?=^).–2401.30.00 –;'tL{sf] cjz]if k|lt ls=u|f=?=^).–24.02 ;'tL{ jf ;'tL{sf]k|lt:yfks -;lJ:6Ro"6_af6 jg]sf] l;uf/, r'/f]6-r]?6\;_, ;fgf] l;uf/-l;ufl/n;_ / r'/f]6-l;u/]6_ .2402.10.00 –;"tL{sf] l;uf/, r'/f]6-r]?6_ / ;fgf] l;uf/- l;uf/Ln;_k|lt lvNnL?=!!.––;"tL{sf] r'/f]6 -l;u/]6_2402.20.10 ––lkmN6/ gePsf] k|lt Pd?=#@).–––lkmN6/ ePsf]159


2402.20.21 –––&) ld=ld= ;Ddsf]nDjfO{dfk|lt Pd?=&@#.–2402.20.22 –––&) eGbf a9L &%ld=ld= ;Ddsf] nDjfO{df-lkmN6/ ePsf]_k|lt Pd?=(#!.–2402.20.23 –––&% eGbf a9L *%ld=ld= ;Ddsf] nDjfO{df-lkmN6/ ePsf]_k|lt Pd?=!!(#.–2402.20.24 ––– *% ld=ld= eGbfa9L nDjfO{df -lkmN6/ePsf]_k|lt Pd?=!^@$.––cGo2402.90.10 ––tof/L lj8L k|lt Pd ?=&%.–2402.90.20 ––;j} k|sf/sf l;uf/ k|lt lvNnL?=!!.–24.03 cGo lgld{t-Dofg'ˆofSr8{_ ;'tL{ /k|lt:yfks ;'tL{Ù ;d?kL-xf]df]lhgfOH8_ jfk'glg{ld{t-l/slG:6r"P6]8_ ;'tL{Ù;'tL{sf] /; / ;f/ .–s'g} klg cg'kftdf;'tL{sf] k|lt:yfks-;lJ:6Ro"6_ ePsf] jfgePsf] w"dkfg ug]{;'tL{M––cGo M2403.19.10 –––kfOk 6f]afsf] k|lt ls=u|f=?=()).–2403.19.20 ––r'/f]6 tyf la8Lsf]nflu k|zf]lwt ;'tL{k|lt ls=u|f=?=@)%.–2403.19.90 –––cGo k|lt ls=u|f=?=@)%.––cGo160


2403.91.00 ––;d?kL-xf]df]lhgfOH8_ jfk'glgld{t-l/slG:6r"P6]8_ ;'tL{––cGo2403.99.10 –––hbf{, v}gL, g;-:gkm_ / u'6\vf /lgsf]6Lgo'Qm kfgd;nfx? tyf o:t} ;"tL{ldl>t tof/L j:t'x?2403.99.20 –––r"gf ldnfO{ vfg]v'b|f ljqmLsf] nfluKoflsË ul/Psf] ;'tL{2403.99.30 –––v'b|f ljqmLsf] nflug/flvPsf] sfl6Psf];'tL{ -s6\ 6f]afsf]_Ù w'nf];'tL{ -8:6 6f]afsf]_25.15 cln cln 6'qmfPsf] jfs/f}tLåf/f sf6]sf] jfc? lsl;dn] sf6]sf]ljlzi6 u'?Tj @=% jfa9L ePsf] r/kf6]-auf{sf/ ;d]t_ l9Ssfjf kftf dfj{n-l;+udd+{/_, 6«fe/l6g,Osf]lhg / cGo r"gåf/f:df/s jf ejg agfpg]9'+uf / Pnfjfi6/-:kml6s 9'+uf_ .–dfj{n ;+udd{/ /6«fe/l6gM2515.12.00 ––s/f}+]ltåf/f cln clnsfl6Psf] jf c?lsl;dn] sf6]sf] rf/kf6]-juf{sf/ ;d]t_ l9Ssfjf kftf2515.20.00 –Osf]lhg jf cGo r"gldl>t :df/s jf ejgagfpg] 9'+uf /Pnfjfi6/ -:kml6s 9'+uf_k|lt ls=u|f=?=@)%.–k|lt ls=u|fd?=#&%.–k|lt ls=u|f=?=@)%.–k|lt ls=u|f=?=@)%.–df]nk|ltzt %df]nk|ltzt %161


25.16 s/f}+]ltåf/f jf cGolsl;dn] cln clntfl5Psf], sfl6Psf] jf6'qmfOPsf] rf/kf6]-auf{sf/ ;d]t_ l9Ssfjf kftfsf] ?kdf /x]sf]u|]gfO6 -s8f kTy/_,kkmf{O/L, /]zf gePsf]cfUg]o r§fg, j];fN6,anf}6]9'+uf / :df/s Pj+ejg agfpg] cGo9'+uf .–s8f kYy/ -u|]gfO6_2516.12.00 ––s/f}+]ltåf/f cln clnsfl6Psf] jf cGok|sf/n] sf6]sf] rf/kf6]-juf{sf/ ;d]t_ l9Ssfjf kftfdf]nk|ltzt !%2516.20.00 –anf}6 9'Ëf df]nk|ltzt !%2516.90.00 –cGo :df/s jf ejgagfpg] 9'+ufdf]nk|ltzt !%–kf]6{Nof08 l;d]06M2523.21.00 ––s[lqd ?kn] /+ufPsf]jf g/+ufPsf] ;]tf] k|=d]=6gl;d]06?=!*)2523.29.00 ––cGo -kf]6{Nof08 k|=d]=6gl;d]06 v}/f]_?=!*)2523.30.00 –cfn'ldg; l;d]06 k|=d]=6g?=!*)2523.90.00 –cGo xfO8«f]lns l;d]06 k|=d]=6g?=!*)162


32.08 chnLo dfWoddfk|lIfKt -l8:k:8{_ jf3'lnt -l8hf]NE8_;+Zn]lift kf]lnd/x?-ax'efj_ jf /f;folgs9+uaf6 kl/jlt{t-df]l8kmfO8_ ;+Zn]liftkf]lnd/–x?df cfwfl/t/+un]k -k]G6;_ / /f]ug-jflg{;_ x? -Ogfd]n /k|nfIff/; ;d]t_Ù o;efusf] b«i6Ao dfkl/efiff u/] cg';f/sf3f]nx?-;f]No"zg_ .3208.10.00 –kf]lni6/df cfwfl/t df]nk|ltzt %3208.20.00 –Pqm]lns jf legfOgkf]lnd/x?df cfwfl/tdf]nk|ltzt %3208.90.00 –cGo df]nk|ltzt %32.09 hnLo dfWoddfl8ik;{\8 -k|lIfKt_ jfl8hNe -3'lnt_ ul/Psf]s[lqd kf]lnd/x?-ax'efu_ jf /f;folgstj/n] kl/jt{g ul/Psf]k|fs[lts kf]lnd/x?dfcfwfl/t /Ën]k -k]G6_ //f]ug jflg{;_ -Ogfd]n/ k|nfIff/; -Nofs;{_;d]t_ .3209.10.00 –Pqm]lns jf legfOnkf]lnd/df cfwfl/tdf]nk|ltzt %3209.90.00 –cGo df]nk|ltzt %163


32.10 3210.00.00 cGo /+Ën]k -k]G6_ //f]ug -jflg{;_-Ogfd]n, k|nfIff/;-Nofs/_ / l8i6]Dk/;d]t_ / 5fnf tof/Lug]{ -n]b/ lkmlglzË_sfddf k|of]u x'g]vfnsf tof/L jf6/lkud]G6 -hnLo j0f{s_ .38.14 3814.00.00 k|f+ufl/s ;+o'Qm b«fjs-;f]Ne]G6_ / kftnf] kfg]{-lyg/_ kbfy{, cGoqgk/]sf]Ù k|n]k -k]G6_ //f]ug -jflg{;_ x6fpg]jf d]6\g] tof/L;fdfgx? .39.20\ csf]zLo -gg\;]n'No/_ /c;jn -g6\l/OGkmf]:8{_,c:t/ gxflnPsf] jfk6lnt -n]ldg]6_gul/Psf], cfwf/-;kf]6{_ gxflnPsf] jfo:t} c? ;fdfg;Fughf]l8Psf Knfli6ssfdf]nk|ltzt %k|lt ln=?=@@.–cGo Kn]6x?, l;6x?,lkmNd, ˆjfO{n /l:6«kx? .3920.10.00 –OyfOlngsf] kf]lnd/sf] df]nk|ltzt %3920.20.00 –k|]flklngsf] kf]lnd/sf] df]nk|ltzt %3920.30.00 –:6fOl/gsf] kf]lnd/sf] df]nk|ltzt %–legfon Snf]/fO8sf]kf]lnd/x?sf3920.43.00 ––tf}nsf] lx;fjn] ^k|ltzteGbf;'36\osf/L-Knfli6;fOh;{_ g/x]sf]36Ldf]nk|ltzt %164


3920.49.00 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt %–Pq]mlns kf]lnd/sf]M3920.51.00 ––kf]ln -ldyfOn df]nldyflqmn]6_ sf] k|ltzt %3920.59.00 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt %–kf]lnsfjf]{g]6x?,clNs8/]lhG;,kf]lnPlnn Oi6/x? jfcGo kf]lni6/x? M3920.61.00 ––kf]lnsfjf]{g]6x?sf] df]nk|ltzt %3920.62.00 ––kf]ln -OyfOlng df]n6]l/ˆyfn]6_ sf] k|ltzt %3920.63.00 ––c;+t[Kt kf]lni6/x?sf] df]nk|ltzt %3920.69.00 ––cGo kf]lni6/x?sf] df]nk|ltzt %–;]n'nf]h jf o;sf/f;folgs Ao"TklQx?sf]M3920.71.00 ––k'gp{Tkflbg;]n'nf]hsf]3920.73.00 ––;]n'nf]h Pl;6]6sf] df]n165df]nk|ltzt %k|ltzt %df]nk|ltzt %3920.79.00 ––cGo ;]n'nf]hAo"TklQx?sf]–cGo Knfli6sx?sf]M3920.91.00 ––kf]ln -legfon df]nj'6fO{/g_ sf] k|ltzt %3920.92.00 ––kf]lnofdfO8sf] df]nk|ltzt %3920.93.00 ––Pldgf]–/]lhG;sf] df]nk|ltzt %3920.94.00 ––km]gf]lns /]lhG;sf] df]nk|ltzt %


3920.99.00 ––cGo Knfli6ssf] df]nk|ltzt %39.21 Knfli6ssf cGo Kn]6x?,l;6x?,lkmNd, ˆjfOnx?/ :6«Lkx? .–sf]zdo -;]n'n/_ M3921.11.00 ––:6fOl/gsf] kf]lnd/sf] df]nk|ltzt %3921.12.00 ––legfon Snf]/fO8 df]nkf]lnd/sf]k|ltzt %3921.13.00 ––kf]lno"/]y]gsf] df]nk|ltzt %3921.14.00 ––k'gp{Tkflbt-l/h]g/]6]8_ sf]if df]n-;]n'nf]h_ sf] k|ltzt %3921.19.00 ––cGo Knfli6sx?sf] df]nk|ltzt %3921.90.00 –cGo df]nk|ltzt %39.22 Knfli6ssf :gfguf/-jfY;_ x?, jx'wf/:gfgfuf/-;fj/ jfY;\_x?, kfgL cfpg] /lg:sg] Aoj:yf ;lxtsf]8'+8-l;Í_ x?,k|Iffngfwf/ -jz –a]l;g_, ;a8]6x?,Nofef]6/L Kofgx?,cf;gx?-l;6\;_ /9sgLx?-se;{_, k|Iffnghnfwf/ -ˆnl;Ël;:6g{\;_ x? / o:t};/;kmfOsf ;dfgx?-:ofgL6/L j]o/_166


39.22.10.00 –:gfgfuf/ -jfY;_ x?,jx'wf/ :gfgfuf/-zfj/jfY;_ x? 8'+8-l;Í;_ x? tyfk|Iffngfwf/ -jf; df]nj]l;G; x?_k|ltzt %39.22.20.00 –Nofef]6/L l;6x/-cf;gx?_ / 9sgLx?- se/x?_df]nk|ltzt %39.22.90.00 –cGo df]nk|ltzt %39.23 dfn;fdfgsf]cf];f/k;f/-sGe]o]G;_ jf kl/j]i6g-Kofs_ ug]{ Knfli6ssf;fdfgx?Ù Knfli6ssfkf}nf] jf j'hf] -:6f]k;{_9sgL -ln8\;_, lasf{x?-SofK;_ / cGo aGb ug]{-Snf]h;{_ ;fdu|Lx? .–afs; -sGt'/ jf;Gb";_ x?, s]; -j§fjf k]6L_ x?, 6f]s/L jf8fnf] -qm]6;_ / o:t};fdfu|Lx?M3923.10.10 ––Knfli6ssf kl/j]i6g-Kofs_ ug]{ 6\o"jx?df]nk|ltzt %3923.10.90 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt %–af]/f jf y}nf]-:ofS;_ / ´f]nfx?-Aofux?_ -sf]G;-8f]sf], ;f]nL h:tf;fdfgx?_ ;d]t_ M3923.21.00 ––OyfOlngsfkf]lnd/x?sfdf]nk|ltzt %3923.29.00 ––cGo Knfli6sx?sf] df]nk|ltzt %167


–sfjf{Oh -rf]of OToflba'gL df]x|]sf] 7"nf] af]tn_,af]tnx? ˆnf:sx? /To:t} ;fdfgx?M3923.30.10 ––k]6 af]tn -af]tn df]nlk|kmd{_k|ltzt %3923.30.90 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt %3923.50.00 –kf}nf] jf j'hf]x?-:6f]k;{_, 9sgLx?-ln8\;_, lasf{x?-SofK;_ / cGo aGb ug]{;fdu|Lx? -Snf]h;{_df]nk|ltzt %3923.90.00 –cGo df]nk|ltzt %39.24 Knfli6ssfef]hgkfqx?-6]a'n–j]o/_,efG;fsf kfspks/0fx? -lsr]gj]o/_, cGo 3/fof;L;fdfgx? / ;/;kmfO{;DjGwL -xfOh]lgs_jf zf}r / >[Ëf/-6\jfOn]6_ sf ;dfgx?–6]j'nsf ef]hgkfqx?-6]j'nj]o/_, efG;fsfkfs pks/0fx?-lsr]gj]o/_M3924.10.10 ––aRrfnfO{ b'w v'jfpg]jf]tn168df]nk|ltzt %3924.10.20 ––d]nfdfOgsf efF8f df]nk|ltzt %3924.10.90 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt %3924.90.00 –cGo df]nk|ltzt %39.25 cGoq gk/]sf] sdL{sfKnfli6ssf Hofjnx?-ljN8;{ j]o/_


3925.10.00 –#)) ln= eGbf j9LIfdtfsf l/he{\jfo;{6\ofÍ;, t/n kbfy{/fVg] a8fa8f ef8f-Eof6\;_ / To:t} df]nsG6]g/x?k|ltzt %3925.20.00 –9f]sfx?,em\ofnx? /ltgsf km|]d-rf}sf];x?_/ 9f]sfsf ;+3f/x?df]nk|ltzt %3925.30.00 –;6/-skf6_ x?,em\ofnsf lemnldnkbf{x? -e]g]l;ogANof08; ;d]t_ / To:t};fdfgx? / ltgsf df]ncjoj-kf6{;_ x? k|ltzt %3925.90.00 –cGo df]nk|ltzt %39.26 Knfli6ssf cGo;fdfu|Lx? / zLif{s#(=)! b]lv #(=!;Ddsf cGo kbfy{x?sf;fdfgx? .3926.10.00 –sfof{no jf ljBfnosfcfk"tL{x? -;KnfOh_3926.20.00 –kl/wfg ;fdu|Lx?-n'ufkmf6f] / ;xfoskl/wfg ;fdu|Lx?-Snf]lbª PS;];l/h_-kGhf Unf]e\;, ld6]G;-j'9Lcf}nf PsftL/ c?rf/cf]6f cf}nf Ps}7fpcsf]{lt/ 9fSg] u/L tof/u/]sf] k~hfx?_ /cf}nfx? v'n} /xg]vfnsf k~hfx?-ld6\;_;d]t3926.30.00 kmlg{r/sf sfprx?sflkml6Ëx?, pks/0f,kf6{k'hf{ h:tf ;fdfgx?jf o:t} ;fdfgx?169df]nk|ltzt %df]nk|ltzt %df]nk|ltzt %


3926.40.00 n3' k|ltdfx? df]n-:6\of6\o"6\;_ k|ltzt %–cGo3926.90.90 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt %68.02 lzif{s ^*=)! sfj:t'x? jfx]ssf :df/sjf lgdf{0fsf] nflu tof/u/]sf 9'+uf-:n]6 jfx]s_/ ltgsf ;dfgx?, lk|i7;fdu|L-JoflsË_ ePsf]jf gePsf] k|s[lts9'+uf-:n]6 ;lxt_ sf;+udd{/sf 7f]; bfgf-df]Hofs So'J;_ / o:t};dfgf k|fs[lts 9'[+uf-:n]6 ;lxt_ sf s[ltd?kn] /+ufOPsf bfgfx?/f]8f, luvf{, 6'qmx? /w'nf]-:n]6 ;lxt_–r]K6f] jf ;dtn ;txePsf] ;fdfGo ?kn]sfl6Psf] jf lr/]sf] cGo:df/s jf lgdf{0fsf]nflu tof/ ul/Psf] 9+'uf/ ltgsf j:t'x?M6802.21.00 ––;+udd{/, ;/Gw kTy/-6«fe/6fOg_ / kTyl/nf]kbfy{ -cnfjfi6/_df]nk|ltzt %6802.23.00 ––kTy/ jf r§fg df]n-u|]gfO6_k|ltzt !%6802.29.00 ––cGo 9'Ëfx? df]nk|ltzt %–cGo M6802.91.00 ––;+udd{/, ;/Gw« kTy/-6«fe/6fOg_ / kTyl/nf]kbfy{ -cnfjfi6/_df]nk|ltzt %6802.92.00 ––cGo r'gbf/ 9'+uf df]nk|ltzt %170


6802.93.00 ––kTy/ jf r§fg df]n-u|]gfO6_k|ltzt !%6802.99.00 ––cGo kTy/x? df]nk|ltzt %68.13 cfZdtGt' -P;j]i6;_,cGo vlgh tTjx? jf;]No'nf]hsf cfwf/sf,sk8f jf cGo kbfy{sf;fy ;dfof]hg-sDjfOg_ eP jfgePsf] a]|s, Snr /o:t} ;dfgx?sf nflu,h8fg gePsf –gf}6dfpG6]G6_ 3if{0f kbfy{jf ltgsf ;fdfgx?-h:t} , rfFb/ /f}n, kf6f-l:6«k_, v08-;]Ud]06_,rSsf -l8:s_, jf;;{,Kof8x?_ .6813.20.00 –cZdtGt' -P;j]:6;_ePsf– cZdtGt' -P;j]:6;_gePsfM6813.81.00 ––a|]s nfOlgË /Kof8x?df]nk|ltzt %df]nk|ltzt %6813.89.00 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt %69.08 6NsfPsf] -Un]H8 u/]sf]_df6f]sf ˆn]ux? /k]leª, cu]gf] jf r'nf]jf leQfsf l´+u6Lx?Ùc:t/ -AoflsË_ dfePsf] jf gePsf]6NsfPsf] l;+udd{/ ug]{7f]; bfgf kbfy{ / o:t};fdfgx? .171


6908.10.00 –rf/kf6] ePsf] jfgePsf] ;aeGbf 7"nf];txL If]qkmnnfO{ & ;]=;L= eGbf sd nDjfOsf]e'hf ePsf] ju{leq;dflji6 ug{ ;lsg]l´+u6Lx?, bfgf kbfy{x?/ o:t} ;fdfgx?df]nk|ltzt %6908.90.00 –cGo df]nk|ltzt %70.03 cjzf]ifs, k|ltljDjLojf ck|ltljDjLo tx-kq jf n]o/_ ePsf] jfgePsf], kftf -l;6\;_jf k|f]kmfOn sf] ?kdfePsf], c? s'g}lsl;dsf] sfdgul/Psf], 9fn]sf] sf+r-sfi6 Unf;_ / j]lNntsf+r -/f]N8 Unf;_ .–tf/ljlxg kftf M7003.12.00 ––;Dk"0f{ ?kdf /+ufPsf]-a8L l606]8\_, ckf/bzL{kfl/Psf] -cf]kfl;kmfO8\_,/+u r9fOPsf] -ˆNof:8_jf cjzf]ifs,k|ltljDjLo jfck|ltljDjLo tx -n]o/_ePsf]df]nk|ltzt %7003.19.00 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt %7003.20.00 –tf/ ePsf] kftf df]nk|ltzt %7003.30.00 –k|f]kmfOn df]nk|ltzt %172


70.04 cjzf]ifs, k|ltljDjLojf ck|ltljDjLo tx-n]o/_ ePsf] jfgePsf], t/ cGo s'g}sfd gul/Psf], kftf-l;6\;_ sf] ?kdf ePsf]tGSofP/ agfOPsf]-8«g_ sf+r jf xfjfk'ms]/jf UofF; e/]/ agfOPsf]-Anf]g_ sf+r .7004.20.00 –;Dk"0f{ ?kdf /+ufPsf]-a8L l6G6]8\_, ckf/bzL{kfl/Psf] -cf]kfl;kmfO8_,/+ur9fPsf] -ˆNof:8_ jfcazf]ifs, k|ltljDjLojf ck|ltljDjLo tx-n]o/_ ePsf]df]nk|ltzt %7004.90.00 –cGo df]nk|ltzt %70.05 cjzf]ifs, k|ltljDjLojf ck|ltljDjLo tx-n]o/_ ePsf] jfgePsf], t/ cGolsl;daf6 s'g} sfdgePsf], kftf -l;6\;_df ePsf] ˆnf]6 Unf;-sf+r_ / ;tx 3lif{t-u|fp08_ jf rdsfOPsf]-kf]ln:8_ sf+r .7005.10.00 –cjzf]ifs, k|ltljDjLojf ck|ltljDjLo tx-n]o/_ ePsf], tf/–ljlxg -gg–jfo8{_ df]nsf+r .k|ltzt %–cGo tf/ ljlxg sf+r M7005.21.00 ––;Dk"0f{tM /+ufPsf]-j8L l606]8_cf]kfl;kmfO8, ˆNof:8jf d]/]nL ;k]{m; u|fp08df]nk|ltzt %173


7005.29.00 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt %7005.30.00 –tf/ ePsf] sf+r df]nk|ltzt %70.06 7006.00.00 zLif{s &)=)#, &)=) jf&)=)% sf sf+rx?,lgx'/]sf] -a]G6_,lsgf/fsf] sfd u/]sf]-Ph jS8{_, vf]k]sf]-Ogu|]E8_, Kjfn kf/]sf]-l8«N8_, Ogfd]n nufPsf]jf cGo k|sf/n]agfPsf] t/ cGokbfy{;+u hf]8L cfsf/glbPsf] jf h8fggu/]sf] .df]nk|ltzt %70.07 s8f agfPsf] jfk6lnt sf+r ePsf];'/lIft sf+r .–s8f agfPsf] -tflkt_;'/lIft sf+rM7007.11.00 ––uf8L, hxfh,cGt/LIfofg jf;jf/Lsf ;fwgdf;dflji6 ug{ of]Uo df]ncfsf/ / gfksf k|ltzt %7007.19.00 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt %–k6lnt ;'/lIft sf+r M7007.21.00 ––uf8L, hxfh,cGt/LIfofg jf;jf/Lsf ;fwgdf;dflji6 ug{ of]Uo df]ncfsf/ / gfksf] k|ltzt %7007.29.00 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt %174


70.08 7008.00.00 sf+rsf] ax'leQLocj/f]ws OsfO-dlN6kn jfN8 df]nOG;'n]l6ª o"lg6_ . k|ltzt %70.09 km«]d ePsf] jf gePsf]sf+rsf] P]gf, k5fl8sf]b[Zo b]lvg] P]gf ;d]t .7009.10.00 –uf8Lsf] k[i7b[Zo b]lvg]P]gfdf]nk|ltzt %–cGo7009.91.00 ––km|]d gxfn]sf] df]nk|ltzt %7009.92.00 ––km|]d xfn]sf] df]nk|ltzt %72.13 kmnfd jf cldl>t:kftsf -gg\ PNjfo_ sfnfK;f / 808Lx? -af;{P08 /f}8\;_, tfkj]lnt-x6/f}N8_, c;dldt?kn] a]lx«Psf] s'08nL-Sjfon_x? .7213.10.00 –j]ng k|lqmof -/f]lnËk|f];];_ s} ;dodfpTkGg e+u'/Ls/0f-O08]06];g_, w;f{x?-l/A;_, vf+rx? -u|'E;_jf cGo ljs[ltx?-l8kmf]d]{;g_ x? ePsf7213.20.00 –cGo lk|m sl6Ë :6Ln-;Nkm/sf] dfqf a9Lk|ltztdf ePsf] O:kftljz]if_ sf]––! ld=ld= eGbf sdgfksf] Aof; ePsf]175k|=d]=6g?=!))).–k|=d]=6g?=!))).–a[Qfsf/ lto{sR5]b-qm; ;]S;g_ sf]M7213.91.10 ––– * ld=ld= ggf3]sf] k|=d]=6g?=!))).–7213.91.90 –––cGo k|=d]=6g?=!))).–


7213.99.00 ––cGo k|=d]=6g?=!))).–72.14 u9]sf] -kmf]H8{_,tfkj]lnt -x6/f]N8_,tfk slif{t -x6 8«g_ jftfk jlxis[t -x6PS:6«'8]8\_ afx]s cGosfd gul/Psf] kmnfdjf cldl>t -gg\PNjfo_ O:kftsf cGonfK;f -af;{_ 808L-/f}8_ x?, j]ngls«ofkl5 a6fl/Psf-l6\j:6]8\_ o:tf j:t'x?;d]t .7214.10.00 –u9]sf] -kmf]H8{_ -tftf]kf/L lk6]/ agfPsf] _7214.20.00 –j]ng k|lqmof -/f]lnËk|f];];_ s} ;dodfpTkGg ePsf e+u'/Ls/0f-O08]06];g_, w;f{x?-l/A;_, vf+rx? -u|'E;_jf cGo las[ltx?-l8kmf]d]{;G;_ ePsf jfj]ng lqmof -/f]lnË_ kl5a6fl/Psf -l6«j:6]8_M7214.30.00 –cGo, lk|m sl6Ë :6Ln-;Nkm/sf] dfqf a9Lk|ltztdf ePsf] O:kftljz]if_ sf]–cGo M7214.91.00 ––rt'e'{hfs[lt -juf{sf/afx]s_ sf] lto{skl/R5]b -s«;-;]S;g_ sf]––cGo Mk|=d]=6g?=!))).–k|=d]=6g?=!))).–k|=d]=6g?=!)))k|=d]=6g?=!))).–176


7214.99.10 –––k'gj]{ng of]Uo(Rerollable) nfK;f /808L clwstd nDjfO{!)) ld=ld= rf}8fO{^)) ld=ld= / df]6fO{ %ld=ld= / ;f] eGbf a9LePsf]k|=d]=6g?=!))).–7214.99.90 –––cGo k|=d]=6g?=!))).–72.15 kmnfd jf cldl>t:kft -gg\ PNjfo :6Ln_sf cGo nfK;f808Lx? .7215.10.00 –lzt-lgld{t -sf]N8kmf]D8{_ jf lzt–kl/is[t-sf]N8–lkmlg:8_ afx]scGo sfd gePsf], lk|msl6Ë :6Ln -;Nkm/sf]dfqf a9L k|ltztdfePsf] O:kft ljz]if_ sf]k|=d]=6g?=!))).–7215.50.00 –cGo, lzt -lgld{t-sf]N8 kmf]D8{_ jf lzt–kl/is[t sf]N8lkmlg:8_ afx]s cGosfd gePsfk|=d]=6g?=!))).–7215.90.00 –cGo k|=d]=6g?=!))).–84.21 cks]lGb|t -;]lG6«ˆo'h]h_,cks]Gb|0f zf]if-;]lG6«ˆo'un 8«fo;{_;d]t, t/n / UofF;lglQsf lg:kGbg-lkmN6l/Ë_ jf kl/zf]wg-Ko'l/lkmfOË_ oGqfjnL-dlzg/L_ / pks/0fx?-Pk/]6;_177


–t/n kby{sf] nflulg:kGbg-lkmN6l/Ë_ jfkl/zf]wg -Ko"/LkmfË_ sfoGqfjnL pks/0fx?-d]lzg/L P08 Pk/]6\;_8421.23.00 ––O{G6/gn sDazgOlGhgsf] nflu n]tk]6«f]n lg:oGbsx? df]n-lkmN6;{_k|ltzt %8421.31.00 ––OG6/gn sDj:zgOlGhgsf] jfo' cGtu|x0flg:kGbsx?-Og6]s Po/-lkmN6;{_df]nk|ltzt %84.43 Kn]6x?, l;ln08/x? /zLif{s *$=$@ sf5kfO{sf cGopkfbfgx?åf/f d'b|0fsfo{sf] nflu k|of]u x'g]5fKg] -d'b|0f_ oGqfjnLÙcGo d'b|0f oGqx?,k|ltlnlk ptfg]{ oGqx?,/ ˆofS; ug]{ oGqx?,;+of]lht ePsf jfgePsfÙ ltgsf cËx?/ ;xfos j:t'x?-kf6\;{ P08 P;];l/h_ .–cGo d'b|sx?, k|ltlnlkptfg]{ oGqx? / ˆofS;ug]{ oGqx?Ù ;+of]hgePsf jf gePsf M8443.31.00 ––d'b|0f ug]{, k|ltlnlkptfg]{ jf ˆofS; k7fpg]dWo] b'O{ jf b'O{ eGbfa9L sfo{x? ;DkGg ug{;Sg] oGqx?, :jrflntcfFs8f k|zf]wg oGq jf;+hfn -g]6js{_ df df]nhf]8\g ;lsg] lsl;dsf k|ltzt !)8443.39.00 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt !)178


84.72 cGo sfof{no oGqx?-clkm; dlzG;_-pbfx0ft M x]S6f]u|fkm jf:6]lG;n 8'lKns]l6Ëdlzgx?, P8«]l;Ëdlzgx?, c6f]Dofl6sAofÍgf]6 l8:k]G;/x?,SjfOg;f}l6{Ë dlzgx?-d'b«f 5f+6\g] oGq_,SjfOg sfpl06Ë jf¥oflkË dlzgx?, k]lG;nzfk]{lgË dlzgx?,k/kmf]/]l6Ë jf :6\oflKnËdlzgx?_ .8472.90.00 –cGo df]nk|ltzt !%84.79 o; efusf] cGoqpNn]v gePsf jf;dfj]z gePsf,AolQmut sfo{-Ogl8leh'cn kmÍ;G;_ePsf oGqx? / oflGqs;flwqx? -d]sflgsncKnfoG;];_ .––cGo M8479.89.90 –––cGo df]nk|ltzt !)84.81 gn -kfOk_ x?, jflikqjf Ajfon/sf]jfx\ofj/0f -Ajfon/z]n_, hnfzo-6}Í;_,Eof6x? jf o:t}j:t'x?sf] nflu 6'6Lx?-6\ofK;, sf}S;_, eNex?/ o:t} pks/0fx?, k|];/l/8\o'l;Ë eNe / tfk:y}tsLo 9+un] lgolGqt-ydf]{:6fl6snL sG6«f]N8_eNex? ;d]t179


8481.10.00 –k|];/ l/8\o'l;Ë eNex? df]nk|ltzt %8481.20.00 –cf]lnof] xfO8«f]lns jfGo'Dofl6s 6«fG;ld;g df]nlgldQsf eNex? k|ltzt %8481.30.00 –r]s-gg\l/6g{_ eNex? df]nk|ltzt %8481.40.00 –;]lˆ6 jf l/lnkm df]neNex?k|ltzt %–cGo pks/0fx?-cKnfoG;];_M8481.80.90 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt %85.07 rf/kf6] -juf{sf/ ;d]t_ePsf] jf gePsf] ljB't;+lrt ug]{ oGq-Ps'd'n]6/_Ù ltgsf5'6\ofpg] oGq -;]k/]6/_;d]t .8507.10.00 –lki6g OlGhg hufpgk|of]u x'g] k|sf/sf] ;L;fcDn -nL8–P;L8_df]nk|ltzt !)8507.20.00 –cGo nL8 P;L8 df]nPs'd'n]6/k|ltzt !)8507.80.00 –cGo Ps'd'n]6/ df]nk|ltzt !)180


85.11 ljB't OlUg;g jf :kfs{OlUg;g jf sDk|];gOlUg;g OG6/gnsDj;g OlGhgsf] nflu:6fl6{Ë pks/0fx?-h:t}–OlUg;gDofUg]6f];\, DofUg]6f]8fOgfdf]h -r'DjsLo8fOgfdf]_, OlUg;gSjfon, :kfls{Ë Knu /Unf] Knu, :6f6/ df]6/_Ùh]g]/]6/, -h:t}–8fOgfdf,cN6/g]6;{_ / o:tf]OlGhgdf hf]8\g] s6cfp6x? .8511.10.00 –:kfls{ª Knu df]nk|ltzt %85.12 ljB'tsf] k|sfz lbg] jf;"rgf lbg] pks/0fx?-zLif{s *%=#( sf;fdfg afx]s_, ;fOsnjf df]6/ ;fOsndfk|of]u x'g] lj08 l:qmg,jfOk/, l8km«f]i6/ /8]ldi6/ .df]nk|ltzt %8512.10.00 –;fOsndf k|of]u x'g]k|sfz jf b[li6;"rscf}hf/x?df]nk|ltzt %8512.20.00 –cGo k|sfz jfb[li6;"rs -leh'cn df]nl;UglnË_ cf}hf/x? k|ltzt %8512.30.00 –Wjlg;"rs -;fp08 df]nl;UglnË_ cf}hf/x? k|ltzt %8512.40.00 –lj08 l:qmg ljk/, df]nl8k«m]fi6/ / 8]ldi6/ k|ltzt %8512.90.00 –kf6{k'hf{x? df]nk|ltzt %181


85.17 6]lnkmf]g ;]6x?, ;]n'n/;+hfnx? jf cGotf/ljlxg ;+hfnx?sfnflu k|of]u x'g]6]lnkmf]gx? ;d]tÙ WjgL,5jL jf cGo cfFs8fk|;f/0f jf ;+u|x0flgldQsf pks/0fx?,tf/;lxt jf tf//lxt;+hfn -h:t}M:yfgLo jf a[xt If]q;+hfn -nf]sn c/jfO8 Pl/of g]6js{__ df;+rf/ ug{ k|of]u x'g]pks/0fx? ;d]t,zLif{s *$=$#, *%=@%,*%=@& jf *%=@* sfk|;f/0f jf ;+u|x0f df]npks/0fx? afx]s . k|ltzt %–WjgL, 5jL jf cGocfFs8f k|;f/0f jf;+u|x0f lgldQsfpks/0fx?, tf/;lxt jftf//lxt ;+hfn -h:t} M:yfgLo jf a[xt If]q;+hfn -nf]sn c/ jfO8Pl/of g]6js{__ df;+rf/ ug{ k|of]u x'g]pks/0fx? ;d]t .8517.61.00 ––cfwf/ :yfgx? df]n-a]; :6]zG;_ k|ltzt %8517.62.00 ––WjgL, 5jL jf cGocfFs8fnfO{ ;+u|x0f ug]{kl/jt{g ug]{ / k|;f/0fjf k'g?Tkfbg ug]{oGqx?, :jLrLË //fpl6Ë pks/0fx? df]n;d]tk|ltzt %8517.69.00 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt %182


8517.70.00 –cËx? -kf6{;_ df]nk|ltzt %85.18 ;"IdWjgL jfxs-dfOqmf]kmf]g_ x? / To;lgldQsf wf/sx?-:6of08;_Ù ;+nUgs-OgSnf]h/_ df cf/f]lkt-dfp06]8\_ eP jfgePsf Wjlg lj:tf/soGqx? -nfp8\:kLs;{_Ù ;'IdWjlgjfxs -dfOqmf]kmf]g_;lDdlnt -sDjfO08_ePsf] jf gePsf] s0f{>j0foGq -x]8 kmf]g_ x?tyf s0f{ >j0foGq-Oo/ kmf]g_ x?, / Ps;"IdWjlgjfxs-dfOqmf]kmf]g_ tyf Psjf Ps eGbf a9L Wjlglj:tf/s oGq-nfp8:kLs/_ x? ePsf;d'Rro -;]6_ x?Ù>Aofj[lQ j}B'ltslj:tf/s -cl8of]lk|mSj]G;L On]lS6«sPlDKnkmfo/_ x?Ùj}B'lts WjgL k|jWb{soGq -On]lS6«s ;fp08PDKnLkmfo/_ sf;d'Rrox? -;]6\;_8518.10.00 –dfOqmf]kmf]g / ltgsfc8];fx?df]nk|ltzt %–a§fleq c8\ofOPsf jfgc8\ofOPsf nfp8l:ks/x?M8518.29.00 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt %183


85.23 l8:sx?, 6]kx?, ;'ul7tcj:yfsf jfikLs/0fgx'g] -;f]ln8–:6]6gg\–ef]nf6fOn_ ;+ropks/0fx?, æ:df6{sf8{x?Æ / WjgL jfcGo k|j[lQnfO{clen]vg ug{ lgldQsfcGo dfWod, clen]vgul/Psf jf gul/Psfl8:s pTkfbgsf nfluk|of]u x'g] Dofl6«;x? /dfi6/x?, t/ efu #&sf pTkfbgx? afx]s .–r'DjsLo dfWodM8523.29.00 ––cGoM df]nk|ltzt %–rfIf'ifLo -clK6sn_dfWodM8523.41.00 ––/]s8{ gul/Psf] df]nk|ltzt %8523.49.00 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt %–cw{;+jfxs-;]ldsG8S6/_ dfWodM8523.51.00 ––;'ul7t cj:yfsfjfikLs/0f gx'g]-;f]ln8–:6]6 gg\–ef]nf6fOn_ ;+ro df]npks/0fx?k|ltzt %8523.52.00 ––æ:df6{ sf8{x?Æ df]nk|ltzt %8523.59.00 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt %–cGo8523.80.10 ––;ˆ6j]o/x? df]nk|ltzt %184


8523.80.90 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt %85.25 ;+u|x0f pks/0f-l/;]K;g P]k/]6;_ jfWjlg clen]vg -;fp08l/sl8{Ë_ jf k'g?Tkfbg-l/k|f]8\o"l;Ë_ pks/0f-P]k/]6;_ ;dflji6 ePjf gePsf], /]l8of]k|;f/0f -/]l8of]–a|f]8sfl:6Ë_ jf6]lnlehg lgldQsfk|;f/0f pks/0f-6«fG;ld;g Pk/]6;_Ù6]lnlehg Sofd/fx?Ùl8lh6n Sofd/fx? /lel8of] Sofd/f–l/s8{;{.8525.60.00 –;+u|x0f pks/0f-l/;]K;g Pk/]6;\_;dflji6 6«fG;ld;gpks/0fx?8525.80.00 –6]lnlehg Sofd/fx?,l8lh6n Sofd/fx? /lel8of] Sofd/fl/s8{/x? -lel8of]Sofd/f /]s8{;{_df]nk|ltzt %df]nk|ltzt %185


85.28 /]l8of] k|;f/0f-a|f]8sf:6_ u|fxsx?-l/l;e;{_ cyjf Wjlgjf lel8of] clen]vg-l/sl8{Ë_ jf k'g?Tkfbg-l/k|f]8\o"l;Ë_ pks/0fx?-P]k/]6;_ ;dflji6-Ogs/kf]/]l6Ë_ ePsf jfgePsf, 6]lnlehglgldQsf ;+u|x0f-l/;]K;g_ pks/0f-P]k/]6;_Ù 6]lnlehg;+u|x0f pks/0fx?;dflji6 gePsfdf]lg6/x? -k/LljIfsx?_/ k|f]h]S6/ -k|If]lkq_x? .–k|f]h]S6/ -k|If]lkq_ x?M8528.61.00 ––zLif{s *$=&! sf]:jrflnt cfFs8fk|zf]wg k|0ffnLdfk"0f{?kdf jf d'Vo?kdfk|of]u x'g] lsl;dsf]–/]l8of] a|f]8sfi6l/l;e/x? jf WjgL jfb[io clen]vg jfk'g?Tkfbg pks/0fx?;dfj]z ePsf jfgePsf 6]lnlehglgldQsf ;+u|x0fpks/0fx?M––cGo /+lug8528.72.10 –––cgP;]DaN8cj:yfsf8528.72.90 –––cGo-tof/L6]nLlehg_df]nk|ltzt?=!)df]nk|ltzt %df]nk|ltzt %186


85.29 zLif{s *%=@% b]lv*%=@* ;Ddsfpks/0fx?sf] nfluk"0f{tof jf d'Votofk|of]uof]Uo kf6{k"hf{x? .–cGo M8529.90.10 ––6]lnlehg l/l;e/sf df]nk|ltzt !%85.31 zLif{s *%=!@ jf*%=#) afx]ssfljB'tLo Wjlg jf b[Zo;"rs pks/0fx?-h:t}–306L, ;fO/g,O+l8s]6/ Kofg]n, rf]/306L -ju{n/ Pnfd{_ jfcfunfuLsf] 306L-kmfo/ cnfd{_ .8531.20.00 –t/n :kml6s ;fdfu|L-Pn=;L=8L=_ jf k|sfzOldl6ª 8fof]8\;-Pn=O=8L=_ ;dflji6 df]nOl08s]6/ Kofg]n k|ltzt 108531.90.00 –kf6{k'hf{x? df]nk|ltzt1085.32 l:y/ Eofl/Pjn /ldnfpg x'g] ljB'tLo;Gwfl/q -Sofkfl;6/_-lk|–;]6_ .8532.10.00 –%).^) xh{ ;ls{6sf]k|of]usf] nflu tof/ul/Psf] l:y/ ;Gwfl/q-Sofkfl;6/_ / )=%s]=ef/ -kfj/Sofkfl;6/_ eGbf sdIfdtf gePsf] l/PS6LezlQm ;+rfng ug{ ;Sg]ePsf]–cGo l:y/ ;Gwfl/q-Sofkfl;6/_M187df]nk|ltzt10


8532.21.00 ––6\ofG6fnd df]nk|ltzt !)8532.22.00 ––cfNd'lgodOn]S6«f]nfOl6sdf]nk|ltzt !)8532.23.00 ––;]/flds 8fOO{n]lS6«s,l;Ën n]o/df]nk|ltzt !)8532.24.00 ––;]/flds 8fOO{n]lS6«s,dlN6n]o/df]nk|ltzt !)8532.25.00 ––sfuh jf Knfli6ssf]8fOO{n]lS6«sdf]nk|ltzt !)8532.29.00 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt !)8532.30.00 –Eofl/Pjn jfP8hi6]jn -ldnfpg df]nx'g]_ -lk|–;]6_ Sofkfl;6/ k|ltzt !)8532.90.00 –kf6{k'hf{x? df]nk|ltzt !)85.33 ljB't k|lt/f]ws-/]l;i6/_-l/of]:6\of6\ /kf]6]GzLof]ld6/ ;d]t_,tfk k|lt/f]ws afx]s .8533.10.00 –l:y/ sfa{g k|lt/f]ws,sDkf]lh;g jf lkmNdh:tfdf]nk|ltzt !)–cGo l:y/k|lt/f]wsM8533.21.00 ––@) jf6 ;Ddsf] zlQm;+rfng Ifdtfsf nfludf]nk|ltzt !)8533.29.00 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt !)–tf/ hf]l8Psf] 36a9x'g] -Eofl/Pjn_k|lt/f]ws, l/of]:6\of6\;/ kf]6]GzLof]ld6/M8533.31.00 ––@) jf6 ;Ddsf] zlQm;+rfng Ifdtfsf nfludf]nk|ltzt !)8533.39.00 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt !)188


8533.40.00 –cGo 36a9 x'g]k|lt/f]ws, l/of]i6\of6\;/ kf]6]GzLof]ld6/ ;d]tdf]nk|ltzt !)8533.90.00 –kf6{k'hf{x? df]nk|ltzt !)85.34 8534.00.00 lk|G6]8 ;ls{6 -5flkPsfkl/kyx?_ .df]nk|ltzt !)85.36 !))) ef]N6;Ddsf]ef]N6]h ePsf] jfNg]lgefpg] -:jLlrª_ jfljB'tLo kl/kysf] nflujf ljB't kl/kydf jf;+u hf]8\gsf] nflurflxg] j}B'ltspks/0fx? -h:t}, :jLr,l/n], ˆo"h, ;h{ ;k|];/,Knu, ;s]6, NofDk–xf]N8/ / cGo;+of]hsx? -sg]S6;{_hS;g aS;];_Ù rfIf'ifLotGt'x? -clK6snkmfOj;{_, rfIf'ifLotGt'sf d'Ýf jf df]6ftf/x? lgldQsf;+of]hsx? -sg]S6;{_ .8536.50.00 –cGo :jLrx? df]nk|ltzt !%–NofDk xf]N8/, Knu /;s]6x? M8536.69.00 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt !%8536.90.00 –cGo pks/0fx? df]nk|ltzt !%189


85.40 tftf], rL;f] Sofyf]8 jfkmf]6f]Sofyf]8 eNe;\ /6\o"a;\ -h:t}–Eofs'd jfe]kf]/ jf UofF; lkmN8eNe / 6\o"a, ds{/Lcfs{ /]S6LkmfOª eNe /6\o"a, Sofyf]8 /] 6\o"a,6]lnlehg Sofd/f6\o"a_ .–Sofyf]8–/], 6]lnlehglkSr/ 6\o"a, lel8of]dlg6/ Sofyf]8 /] 6\o"a;d]tM8540.11.00 ––/+uLg df]nk|ltzt %85.44 ljB't?4 -OG;'n]6]8_,-Ogfd]n nufPsf] jfPgf]8fOh ;d]t_, tf/-jfo/_, s]a'n-sf]–PS;]n s]a'n ;d]t_/ sg]S6/;+u hf]l8Psf]jf ghf]l8Psf] cGoOG;'n]6]8 sG8S6/ÙclK6sn kmfOa/ s]a''n,tf/, ljB't s08S6/ jfsg]S6/ hf]8]sf] jfghf]8]sf] k|To]s9flsPsf /]zfx? -lzb\8kmfOa/_ af6 ag]sf]tf/ .–!))) ef]N6;Ddsf]nflu cGo On]lS6«ss08S6/x?M8544.42.00 ––sg]S6/;+u hf]l8Psf df]nk|ltzt !%8544.49.00 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt !%8544.70.00 –clK6sn kmfOj/ s]j'n df]nk|ltzt !)190


87.02 8«fOe/ ;d]t !) jf ;f]eGbf a9L ofq'x? af]Sg]df]6/ uf8Lx? .–sDk|];g–OlUg;gOG6/gn sDa;glki6f]g OlGhg -l8h]njf c4{ l8h]n_ ePsf]M8702.10.10 ––a;x? -@^ l;6 / ;f]eGbf a9Lsf]_df]nk|ltzt %8702.10.20 ––ldlga;x? -!% b]lv@% ;Dd ;L6 ePsf]_df]nk|ltzt=#%8702.10.30 ––dfOqmf] a;x? -!!b]lv !$ ;Dd ;L6ePsf]_df]nk|ltzt %%8702.10.90 ––hLk, sf/ / Eofgx? df]nk|ltzt ^)–cGo8702.90.10 ––a;x? -@^ l;6 / ;f]eGbf a9Lsf]_df]nk|ltzt %8702.90.20 ––ldlga;x? -!% b]lv@% ;Dd ;L6 ePsf]_df]nk|ltzt #%8702.90.30 ––dfOqmf] a;x? -!!b]lv !$ ;Dd ;L6ePsf]_df]nk|ltzt %%8702.90.90 ––hLk sf/ / Eofgx? df]nk|ltzt ^)87.03 d"ntM dflg;sf]oftfoftsf] nflu ag]sfdf]6/ sf/x? / cGodf]6/ uf8Lx? -zLif{s*&=)@ afx]ssf_, :6];gjfu]g / /];Lª sf/;d]t .–d"ntM lxp+df ofqfug{sf nflu ag]sfuf8Lx? uNkm sf/ /o:t} uf8Lx?M191


8703.10.10 ––d"ntM lxp+df ofqfug{sf nflu ag]sf df]nuf8Lx?k|ltzt ^)8703.10.90 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt ^)–:kfs{ OUgL;g OG6/gnsDj:rg /]l;k|f]s]l6ªlk|:6f]g Ol~hg ePsfcGo uf8Lx?––l;ln08/ Ifdtf!))) ;L=;L= ggf3]sf]8703.21.10 –––tLg kf+u|] uf8Lx?-c6f]l/S;f_df]nk|ltzt %%8703.21.90 –––cGo df]nk|ltzt ^)8703.22.00 ––l;ln08/ Ifdtf!,))) ;L=;L= gf3]sf]t/ !,%)) ;L=;L=ggf3]sf]8703.23.00 ––l;ln08/ Ifdtf!,%)) ;L=;L= gf3]sf]t/ #,))) ;L=;L=ggf3]sf]8703.24.00 ––l;ln08/ Ifdtf#,))) ;L=;L= gf3]sf]–sDk|]zg OUgL;gOG6/gn sDj:rglk|:6f]g Ol~hg -l8h]njf cw{l8h]n_ ePsfcGo uf8Lx?8703.31.00 ––l;ln08/ Ifdtf!,%)) ;L=;L= ggf3]sf]8703.32.00 ––l;ln08/ Ifdtf!,%)) ;L=;L= gf3]sf]t/ @,%)) ;L=;L=ggf3]sf]8703.33.00 ––l;ln08/ Ifdtf@,%)) ;L=;L= gf3]sf]–cGo192df]nk|ltzt ^)df]nk|ltzt ^)df]nk|ltzt ^)df]nk|ltzt ^)df]nk|ltzt ^)df]nk|ltzt ^)


8703.90.90 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt ^)87.04 j:t' jf ;fdfgx?9'jfgLsf] k|of]usf cGodf]6/ uf8Lx? .8704.10.00 –/fhdfu{ aflx/sf]k|of]usf nflu lgld{t8Dk/x?df]nk|ltzt %–cGo, s+k]|;g OlUg;gOG6/gn sDa;glki6f]g OlGhg -8Lh]njf cw{ l8h]n_ ePsfM––afxgsf] s"n tf}n-hL=eL=8An'=_ % 6gggf3]sf] M8704.21.10 –––d"nt ;fdfgsf]cf];f/ k;f/ ug]{ 8«fOe/;lxt @ hgf eGbf a9Ldflg;sf] oftfoftsf]nflu tof/ ;d]t ePsf8an Sofa lksck df]nuf8Lk|ltzt ^)8704.21.20.10 –––d"nt ;fdfgsf]cf];f/ k;f/ ug]{ 8«fOe/;lxt @ ;L6 ePsf]l;+un Sofa lksckuf8Ldf]nk|ltzt %)8704.21.20.20 –––8]lne/L Eofg df]nk|ltzt #)8704.21.90. –––cGo df]nk|ltzt %––afxgsf] s"n tf}n-hL=eL=8An'_ % 6ggf3]sf]M193


8704.22.10 –––d"nt ;fdfgsf]cf];f/ k;f/ ug]{ 8«fOe/;lxt @ hgf eGbf a9Ldflg;sf] oftfoftsf]nflu tof/ ;d]t ePsf8an Sofa lksck df]nuf8Lk|ltzt ^)8704.22.90 –––cGo df]nk|ltzt %8704.23.00 ––afxgsf] s"n tf}n-hL= eL= 8An'_ @) 6ggf3]sf]–cGo :kfs{–OlUg;g194df]nk|ltzt %OG6/gn sDa;glki6f]g OlGhg ePsf]M8704.31.00 ––8]lne/L Eofg df]nk|ltzt #)8704.32.00 ––afxgsf] s"n tf}n-hL=eL=8An'_ % 6ggf3]sf]df]nk|ltzt %8704.90.00 –cGo df]nk|ltzt %87.06 zLif{s *&=)! b]lv*&=)% ;Ddsf] df]6/uf8Lsf nflu OlGhg;+uhf]l8Psf r]l;; .8706.00.20 –ldlga;x? -!% b]lv@% ;Dd l;6 ePsf]_sfdf]nk|ltzt #%8706.00.30 –dfOqmf]a;x? -!! b]lv!$ ;Dd l;6 ePsf]_sfdf]nk|ltzt %%8706.00.40 –hLk sf/ / Eofgx?sf df]nk|ltzt^)8706.00.50 –ltg kf+u|] uf8Lx? df]n-c6f]l/S;f_ sf k|ltzt %%8706.00.60.10 –8jn Sofj lksckuf8Lx?sf]df]nk|ltzt ^)


8706.00.60.20 –l;Ën Sofj lksckuf8Lx?sf]195df]nk|ltzt%)8706.00.60.30 ––8]lne/L Eofgsf df]nk|ltzt #)8706.00.70 –/fhdfu{ aflx/sf]k|of]usf nflu lgld{t8Dk/x?sfdf]nk|ltzt %8706.00.80 a;, 6«sx?sf df]nk|ltzt %8706.00.90 –cGo df]nk|ltzt %87.08 zLif{s *&=)! b]lv*&=)% sf df]6/uf8Lsf kf6{k"hf{x? /;xfos ;fdu|Lx? .8708.10.00 –aDk/x? / ltgsfkf6{k'hf{x?df]nk|ltzt %–uf8Lsf] d'Vo efu-a8L_ sf cGokf6{k"hf{x? / ;xfos;fdu|Lx? -Sofj ;d]t_M8708.21.00 ––;L6sf] ;'/Iff k]6Lx?-;]ˆ6L ;L6 j]N6_df]nk|ltzt %8708.29.00 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt %8708.30.00 –a|]sx? -ult/f]ws_ /;xfos a|]sx?Ù ltgsfkf6{k"hf{x?df]nk|ltzt %8708.40.00 –u]o/ afs;x? / df]nltgsf kf6{k"hf{x? k|ltzt %8708.50.00 –cGo 6«fG;ld;gsDkf]g]G6;+u hf]8]sf] jfghf]8]sf]l8km/]G;Lon;+usf]8«fOe PS;n /gg8«fOleË PS;]nx?Ùltgsf kf6{k'hf{x?df]nk|ltzt %


8708.70.00 –;8s kf+u|fx? -/f]8lAxN;_ / ltgsfkf6{k"hf{x? / ;xfos;fdu|Lx?8708.80.00 –;:k]G;g k|0ffnLx? /ltgsf kf6{k'hf{x?-zs–PAhf]j{/x? ;d]t_–cGo kf6{k"hf{x? /;xfos ;fdu|Lx?M8708.91.00 ––/]l8P6/ / ltgsfkf6{k'hf{x?8708.92.00 ––;fOn]G;/df]nk|ltzt %df]nk|ltzt %df]nk|ltzt %df]nk|ltzt %-dkmn;{_ / PShi6kfOkx?Ù ltgsf df]nkf6{k'hf{x?k|ltzt %8708.93.00 ––Snr / ltgsf df]nkf6{k'hf{x?k|ltzt %8708.94.00 ––:6]l/ª kf+u|fx?, :6]l/ªsf]nd -:t+e_ / :6]l/ªafs;x?Ù ltgsf df]nkf6{k'hf{x?k|ltzt %8708.95.00 ––OGˆNof6/ k|0ffnLePsf ;]ˆ6LPo/Aofux?Ù ltgsf df]nkf6{k'hf{x?k|ltzt %8708.99.00 ––cGo df]nk|ltzt %87.11 df]6/;fOsnx?-df]k]8 ;lxt_ / ;fO8sf/ /lxt jf ;lxt;fOsndf ;xfos df]6/h8fg u/]sf];fO8sf/x? .8711.10.00 –l;ln08/ Ifdtf %);L=;L= ggf3]sf]/]l;k|f]s]l6ª OG6/gnsDa;g lki6f]g OlGhgdf]nk|ltzt$)196


8711.20.00 –l;ln08/ Ifdtf %);L=;L= gf3]sf] t/ @%);L=;L= ggf3]sf] df]n/]l;k|f]s]l6ª OG6/gn k|ltztsDa;g lki6f]g OlGhg $)8711.30.00 –l;ln08/ Ifdtf @%);L=;L= gf3]sf] t/ %));L=;L= ggf3]sf] df]n/]l;k|f]s]l6ª OG6/gn k|ltztsDa;g lki6f]g OlGhg $)8711.40.00 –l;ln08/ Ifdtf %));L=;L= gf3]sf] t/ *));L=;L= ggf3]sf] df]n/]l;k|f]s]l6ª OG6/gn k|ltztsDa;g lki6f]g OlGhg $)8711.50.00 –l;ln08/ Ifdtf *));L=;L= gf3]sf] df]n/]l;k|f]s]l6ª OG6/gn k|ltztsDa;g lki6f]g OlGhg $)8711.90.00 –cGo df]nk|ltzt$)87.14 zLif{s *&=!! b]lv*&=!# ;Ddsf]uf8Lx?sf] kf6{k"hf{x? /;xfos ;fdu|Lx? .8714.10.00 –df]6/ ;fOsn -df]k]8;d]t_ sf]df]nk|ltzt %–cGo Mdf]nk|ltzt %8714.91.00 ––k|]md / kmf]s{, / ltgsfkf6{k"hf{x?df]nk|ltzt %8714.92.00 ––kf+u|fsf] /Ldx? /:kf]s -rSsfsf] k|To]slqHofsf/ aL+8, kf+u|fcf]x|fnf]df u'8\gaf6/f]Sg] 808f_df]nk|ltzt %197


8714.93.00 ––kf+u|fsf] efu -xa_,le/fnf]df kfpbfggrfnL ult/f]w ug]{kf+u|fsf] efu -sf]i6/a|]lsª xj_ / kf+u|fsf]efusf] ult/f]ws -xaa|]s/_ / :jtGqrSsfsf] bf+t rSsf-:k|f]s]6 lAxn_df]nk|ltzt %8714.94.00 ––ult/f]ws -a|]|]S;\_,le/fnf]df kfpbfggrfnL ult/f]w ug]{kfË|fsf] efu -sf]i6/a|]lsª xj_ / kfË|fsf]efusf] ult/f]ws-xj a]|s/_ ;d]t, /ltgsf kf6{k"hf{x?df]nk|ltzt %8714.95.00 ––sf7Lx? df]nk|ltzt %8714.96.00 ––k]8n / qm]Í luo/,ltgsf kf6{k"hf{x?df]nk|ltzt %8714.99.90 –––cGo df]nk|ltzt %90.10 of] efusf] cGoq pNn]vgePsf] jf ;dfj]zgePsf] t:jL/ ;DaGwL-rnlrq ;DaGwL ;d]t_k|of]uzfnfx?df k|of]ux'g] pks/0f /cf}hf/x?Ù g]u]6f]:sf]kÙk|f]h]S;g :qmLg -k|If]kskbf{_ .9010.90.00 –kf6{k'hf{ / ;xfos df]n;fdfgx?k|ltzt !)198


90.11 ;"Id kmf]6f]u|fkmL-kmf]6f]dfOs|f]u|fkmL_,l;g]kmf]6f]dfOs|f]u|fkmL jfdfOs|f]k|f]h]S;g -;"Idk|If]k0f_ sf] nflu ;d]t;+o'Qm rfIf'if ;"IdbzL{oGqx? -sDkfp08clK6sn dfOs|f]:sf]k_ .9011.10.00 –:6Ll/of]:sf]lksdfOqmf];sf]K;9011.20.00 –;"Id kmf]6f] lvRg]-kmf]6f]dfOqmf]u|fkmL_,;"Id rnlrq lvRg]-l;g]kmf]6f]dfOs|f]u|fkmL_ jf;"Id k|If]k0f -dfOqmf]k|f]h]S;g_ sf cGo ;"Idbz{s oGqx?-dfOqmf]:sf]K;_9011.90.00 –kf6{k"hf{x? / ;xfos;fdfgx?90.12 rfIf'if -clK6sn_;"Idbz{s oGqx?-dfOqmf]:sf]K;_ afx]ssf;"Idbz{s oGqx?Ùljjlt{t pks/0fx?-l8ˆ|ofS;g Pk/]6;_ .9012.10.00 –b'/jLIf0f oGqx?-dfOqmf]:sf]K;_, clK6sndfOqmf]:sf]kx? afx]sÙljjt{g pks/0fx?-l8k|mofS;g Pk/]6;\_9012.90.00 –kf6{k"hf{x? / ;xfos;fdu|Lx?df]nk|ltzt %df]nk|ltzt %df]nk|ltzt %df]nk|ltzt %df]nk|ltzt %199


90.17 lvRg], lrgf] nufpg], jful0ftLo lx;fj ug]{cf}hf/x? -h:t}–lv+Rg]d]lzg, gS;f ptfg]{oGq, k|f]6«ofS6/, gS;fsf;]6x?, :nfO8\ ?nx?,l8:s SofNs'n]6/_Ù o;efudf cGoq gk/]sf],xftn] nDjfO{ gfKg]cf}hf/x? -h:t}–gfKg]808L / lkmQf jfdfOqmf]ld6/,Soflnk;{_ .9017.20.00 –cGo lvRg], lrgf]nufpg] / ul0ftLolx;fj ug]{ cf}hf/x?9017.90.00 –kf6{k"hf{x? / ;xfos;fdu|Lx?90.26 Uof+; jf c? t/nkbfy{sf k|jfx, tx,bjfj jf cGo ljljwtf-e]l/ojN;_ gfKg] jfk/LIf0f ug]{ -h:t}–k|jfxdfks, ;txdfks,Dofgf]dL6/ -xfjf jfjfiksf] bjfj gfKg]oGq_ tfkdfks_ cf}hf// pks/0fx?, zLif{s()=!$, ()=!%, ()=@*jf ()=#@ sf cf}hf/ /pks/0fx? afx]s .9026.10.00 –t/nsf] k|jfx jf ;txgfKg jf k/LIf0f ug{sf]nflu9026.20.00 –bjfj gfKg jf k/LIf0fug{sf] nflu9026.80.00 –cGo cf}hf/x? /pks/0fx?9026.90.00 –kf6{k"hf{x? / ;xfos;fdu|Lx?df]nk|ltzt %df]nk|ltzt %df]nk|ltzt %df]nk|ltzt %df]nk|ltzt %df]nk|ltzt %df]nk|ltzt %200


90.27 ef}lts jf /f;folgsljZn]if0f-h:t}–w«jLs/0fdfks-kf]nf/L–ld6/_,k/fjt{dfksl/k«\m|ofS6f]ld6/_,a0f{qmddfks-:k]S6«f]– ld6/_, Uof+; jfw'jf+ ljZn]if0f ug]{pks/0fx?_ sf k|of]usfcf}hf/x? / pks/0fx?ÙRofkRofk nfUg]-le:sf]l;6L_, l5b«tf-kf]/f]l;6L_, k|;f/0f-PS;kfG;g_ ;txsf]wf/0f–Ifdtf -;km]{]{;6]G;g_ jf o:t} gfKg] jfk/LIf0f ug]{ cf}hf/ /oGqx?Ù tfksf] dfqf,Wjlg jf k|sfzsf] gfkjf k/LIf0f ug]{ cf}hf/x?/ pks/0fx? -PS:kf]h/dL6/ ;d]t_Ù ;"Idst{s-dfOqmf]6f]D;_ .9027.20.00 –j0f{n]v-qmf]Sof6f]u|fkm_ / ljB't\;+/r0f ;DaGwL-On]S6«f]kmf]l/l;;_pks/0fx?9027.50.00 –rfIf'if ljsL/0f-o"=eL=, lelhjn, cfO=cf/=_ k|of]u ug]{ cGocf}hf/x? / pks/0fx?9027.80.00 –cGo cf}hf/x? /pks/0fx?df]nk|ltzt %df]nk|ltzt %df]nk|ltzt %201


90.30 cf];Lnf]:sf]k-bf]ngbzL{_, :k]S6«d-j0f{k6_ ljZn]ifs /zLif{s ()=@* sfdfks -ld6/_ afx]ssfljB'tsf] dfqf gfKg] jfk/LIf0f ug{sf] nfluk|of]u x'g] cGocf}hf/x? / pks/0fx?ÙcNkmf, la6f, ufdf,PS;–/], sl:ds-cGtl/If_ jf cGocfof]gfOlhª -ljB'tc0f'_ ljsL/0f-/]8LP;g_ gfKg] jf kQfnufpg] cf}hf/ /pks/0fx? .9030.40.00 –ljz]iftM b"/;+rf/sf]nflu lgld{t cGocf}hf/x? / pks/0fx?-h:t}–qm;–6sdL6/,u]g ldhl/Ë ug]{cf}hf/x?, l8:6f];{gˆofS6/ ld6/,;f]kmf]ld6/_9030.90.00 –kf6{k"hf{x? / ;xfos;fdu|Lx?202df]nk|ltzt %df]nk|ltzt %b|i6Jo M–-!_ cGtMz'Ns b/aGbLdf dfly h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg PDa'n]G;, zj jfxg, ckfËtf ePsf JolQmn] k|of]uug{ ldNg] u/L agfO{Psf :s'6/ / Aofl6«af6 rNg] 6]Dkf]sf]r]l;;df cGtMz'Ns nfUg] 5}g .ckfËtf ePsf JolQmn] k|of]u ug]{ :s'6/ k}7f/L jf:yfgLo vl/b ubf{ lt/]sf] cGtMz'Ns To:tf] :s'6/oftfoft Joj:yf sfof{nodf lghsf] gfddf btf{ ePsf]cj:yfdf dlxnf, afnaflnsf tyf ;dfh sNof0fdGqfno jf ;DalGwt lhNnfsf] k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Lsf]l;kmfl/;df k}7f/L ubf{ lt/]sf] cGtMz'Ns ;DalGwteG;f/ sfof{noaf6 / :yfgLo v/Lb ubf{ lt/]sf]


cGtMz'Ns cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefuaf6 lkmtf{ ul/g]5 .-@_ cfly{s jif{ @)^%÷^^ ;Dd vl/b eO{ df}Hbftdf /x]sfcGtMz'Ns nfUg] ;jf/L ;fwgx¿sf] cGtMz'Ns c;'n ug]{k|lqmof cfly{s P]g, @)^% adf]lhd g} x'g]5 .-#_s'g} klg dlb/fsf] sS6]n u/]df l;=g+= !) adf]lhdsf]b/aGbL nfUg]5 .-$_ &) o"=kL= zlQmsf] tof/L dlb/f l;=g+= !^ sf] /]lS6kmfO8l:k|6 k|of]u u/L dfq agfpg kfOg]5 .-%_ dfa{nsf] :yfgLo pTkfbgdf cGtMz'Ns nfUg] 5}g .-^_ ;Djt @)^% ;fn sfl{Qs ! ut] g]kfn /fhkqdfk|sflzt lghL u'06f, lem6L ef/L ;DaGwL ;"rgf cGtu{tk|fKt ;'ljwf cGtu{t eG;f/ dx;'n 5"6df k}7f/L ul/Psf]JolQmut k|of]hgsf j:t'x¿df cGtMz'Ns nfUg] 5}g .-&_ df]6/ ;fOsnsf] :yfgLo pTkfbgdf krf; k|ltzt / cGo;jf/L ;fwgsf] :yfgLo pTkfbgdf nfUg] cGtMz'NsdfkRrL; k|ltzt 5"6 x'g]5 .-*_ ljB'tLo dfWodaf6 rNg] ;jf/L ;fwgx¿df cGtMz'NsnfUg] 5}g .-(_ cf}Bf]lus gLlt, @)^& sf] cg';"rL–( df pNn]v ePsfclt cljsl;t If]qdf :yflkt :yfgLo kmnk"mndfcfwfl/t pBf]uaf6 pTkflbt a|f08Lsf] pTkfbgdf o;cGtMz'Ns b/aGbL cg';f/ nfUg] cGtMz'Nsdf c;Lk|ltzt 5"6 x'g]5 .-!)_ cGtMz'Ns b/aGbL k|of]hgsf] nflu lgwf{l/t cf7 c+ssf]pkzLif{snfO{ tYofÍ k|of]hgsf] nflu dxflgb]{zsn] c+syk ug{ ;Sg]5 .-!!_ cGtM z'Ns nfUg ;Sg] j:t'x¿sf] JofVof tyf xfdf]{gfOH8sf]8 tf]Sg] sfd cfjZostf cg';f/ eG;f/ ljefu;Fuk/fdz{ lnO{ ljefun] ug{ ;Sg]5 .-!@_ dlb/f, ljo/ / r'/f]6 k}7f/Lstf{ jf ;f] sf] ljqm]tfOhfhtkqjfnfn] ljqmL ug]{ v'b|f d"No cfly{s jif{sf]z'?df / d"No kl/jt{g ePsf] cj:yfdf kl/jt{g x'gf;fy203


@(=;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 .-!#_ zLif{s *%=)& cGtu{t kg]{ ln8 Pl;8 Jof6«Lsf] cfGtl/spTkfbgdf cGtMz'Ns nfUg] 5}g .-!$_ dlb/fsf] cGtMz'Ns u0fgf ubf{ k|lt Pn= lk= ln6/ jf k|ltln6/dWo] h'g a9L x'G5 ;f]xL b/df u0fgf u/L c;'n pk/ul/g]5 .-!%_ xft] d]lzg tyf 3/]n' k|ljlwaf6 pTkfbg ul/g] l;Gs]rfprfp pBf]uaf6 pTkflbt -Ready to Eat gePsf]_sfFrf] j:t'df cGtMz'Ns nfUg] 5}g .-!^_ pBf]un] k}7f/L ug]{ zLif{s &@=!# sf] pk–zLif{s&@!#=()=!) sf] M. S. Wire Rod in Coil sRrfkbfy{df pBf]u ljefusf] l;kml/zdf cGtMz'Ns 5'6lbOg]5 .-!&_ rfnL; jf ;f]eGbf a9L ;L6 Ifdtfsf sDtLdf kfFr j6fa;x? ;fj{hlgs oftfoftdf ;~rfng ug]{ u/L btf{ePsf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx? tyf sDkgLx?n] plNnlvtk|of]hgsf] nflu k}7f/L ug]{ pQm Ifdtfsf tof/L a; Pj+ltgsf r]l;;x?df cGtMz'Ns 5'6 lbOg]5 . To;/L k}7f/Lu/]sf ;jf/L ;fwgx? k}7f/L u/]sf] ldltn] bz jif{ gk'uLlaqmL lat/0f, gfd;f/L jf s'g} lsl;dn] xs x:tfGt/0fug{ kfOg] 5}g . bz jif{ gk'uL gfd;f/L, laqmL jf s'g}lsl;dn] xs x:tfGt/0f u/]df k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd k'/}cGtMz'Ns nfUg]5 .dlb/f P]g, @)#! df ;+zf]wg M dlb/f P]g, @)#! sf],–-!_ bkmf @ sf] v08 -u_ kl5 b]xfosf v08 -u!_, -u@_,-u#_, -u$_ / -u%_ ylkPsf 5g\ M–æ-u!_ æcGtMz'Ns clws[tÆ eGgfn] cGtMz'Ns ;DaGwLk|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] clws[t ;Demg'k5{ .-u@_ æpTkfbsÆ eGgfn] dlb/f pTkfbg ug{ Ohfhtkqk|fKt u/]sf] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yf ;Demg'k5{ .-u#_ æJolQmÆ eGgfn] s'g} JolQm, k|lti7fg, ;+3,;fem]bf/L ;+:yf, ;xsf/L, ;+o'Qm Joj;fo, u'7L jf204


sf]ifsf] ;~rfns, k|f]k|fO6/ jf d'Vo e} sfd ug]{k|ltlglw jf Ph]06 ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn]gfkmfsf] p2]Zo lnO{ jf glnO{ dlb/fsf] pTkfbgjf k}7f/L u/L yf]s jf v'b|f jf h'g;'s} ?kdflaqmL ljt/0f ug]{ lgsfo jf To:tf] lgsfosf]zfvf, pkzfvf jf To:t} cGo sf/f]af/ ug]{ :yfg;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .-u$_ æk}7f/LÆ eGgfn] k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhdljb]zaf6 g]kfnleq dlb/f Nofpg] sfo{ ;Demg'k5{ .-u%_ æljefuÆ eGgfn] cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefu ;Demg'k5{ .Æ-@_ bkmf ^ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf ^ /flvPsf] 5 M—æ^= Ohfhtkq lng' kg]{ M cGtMz'Ns P]g, @)%* jf ;f]P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod adf]lhd OhfhtkqglnO{ s;}n] klg dlb/fsf] pTkfbg, k}7f/L, laqmLjf ;~ro ug{ kfpg] 5}g .Æ-#_ bkmf !@ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf !@ /flvPsf] 5 M–æ!@= ;hfo M -!_ s;}n] b]xfosf s;"/ u/]dflauf] hkmt u/L lauf] adf]lhd hl/afgf jf Psjif{;Dd s}b jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 M–-s_ cGtMz'Ns P]g, @)%* adf]lhddlb/fdf ltg'{ kg]{ cGtMz'NsbafPdf, l5kfPdf jf 5n]df,-v_ Ohfhtkq glnO{ dlb/f pTkfbgjf k}7f/L u/]df,-u_ s'g} JolQmn] e'mÝf n]vf jf lst]{sfuh tof/ u/L o; P]g ljk/Lts'g} s;"/ u/]df .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -s_, -v_ jf -u_df plNnlvt s;"/ ug{ k|oTg jf b'?T;fxg u/]df;f] pkbkmfdf plNnlvt ;hfosf] cfwf ;hfox'g]5 .-#_ s;"/;Fu k|ToIf jf k/f]If ?kdf k|of]ux'g cfPsf] efF8f jt{g, j:t' jf ;]jf pTkfbg ug{k|of]u ul/Psf] Hofjn, d]zLg, pks/0f jf ;jf/L;fwg ;d]t hkmt x'g]5 .205


t/ To:tf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmn] ;jf/L ;fwgk|of]u u/]sf] / ;jf/L wgLsf] cg'dlt ljgf ;jf/L;fwg To:tf] sfddf k|of]u u/]sf] ePdf To:tf];jf/L ;fwg hkmt gu/L ;jf/L wgLnfO{ kRrL;xhf/ ?k}ofF hl/afgf / ;jf/L rfnsnfO{ s;"/sf]k|s[lt x]/L tLg dlxgf;Dd s}b jf kGw|xhf/?k}oFf;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .-$_ pkbkmf -#_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf]eP tfklg To:tf] ;jf/L ;fwg ef8fsf] ;jf/Ldfbtf{ u/L ;jf/L ;fwgsf] dflnssf] ;+nUgtfdfk|of]u u/]sf] kfOPdf To:tf] ;jf/L ;fwg hkmtx'g]5 .Æ-$_ bkmf !% sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf !% /flvPsf] 5 M–æ!%= k'g/fj]bg M -!_ o; P]g adf]lhd cGtMz'Nsclws[tn] u/]sf] lg0f{o pk/ /fh:jGofoflws/0fdf / g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]sL lbPsf]clwsf/Ln] u/]sf] lg0f{o pk/ ;DalGwt k'g/fj]bgcbfntdf k'g/fj]bg nfUg]5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k'g/fj]bg lbg]JolQmn] k'g/fj]bg lbPsf] kGw| lbgleqk'g/fj]bgsf] Ps k|lt ;DalGwt sfof{nodf btf{u/fpg' kg]{5 .Æ-%_ bkmf !& sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf !& /flvPsf] 5 M–æ!&= k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd x'g] M o; P]gdf h'g;'s}s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg dlb/f k|zf;g ;DaGwLcGo k|rlnt g]kfn sfg"g adf]lhd Ohfhtkq,dlb/fsf] sRrf kbfy{, pTkfbg, lgisfzg,k|ltnAwL b/, b/aGbL / b:t'/ ;DaGwL Joj:yfcGo k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .Æ-^_ o; P]gsf] 7fpF 7fpFdf /x]sf æcg'dltkqÆ eGg] zAbsf];§f æOhfhtkqÆ eGg] zAb / æcGtMz'Ns clwsf/LÆeGg] zAbx¿sf] ;§f æcGtMz'Ns clws[tÆ eGg] zAbx¿/fvL ?kfGt/0f ul/Psf] 5 .#)= cfos/ P]g, @)%* df ;+zf]wgM cfos/ P]g, @)%* sf],–-!_ bkmf @ sf],–-s_ v08 -h_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08 -h_ /flvPsf]5 M–206


æ-h_ æcfoÆ eGgfn] s'g} JolQmn] /f]huf/L,Joj;fo, nufgL jf cfsl:ds nfeaf6k|fKt u/]sf] cfo ;Demg' k5{ / ;f]zAbn] o; P]g adf]lhd u0fgf ul/Psf];f] cfosf] s'n /sdnfO{ ;d]tnfO{hgfpF5 .Æ-v_ v08 -h_ kl5 b]xfosf] v08 -h!_ ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-h!_ æcfsl:ds nfeÆ eGgfn] lrf, pkxf/,k'/:sf/, alS;;, lhtf}/L jf cGo s'g}klg cfsl:ds ?kdf k|fKt x'g] nfe;Demg' k5{ .Æ-u_v08 -9_ sf] pkv08 -@_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf]pkv08 -@_ /flvPsf] 5 M–æ-@_ clu|d s/ s§L ug]{ JolQm jf s/ s§Lx'g] JolQmn] bkmf () adf]lhd a'emfpg'kg]{ /sd jf ls:tfaGbLdf bflvnf ug]{JolQmn] bkmf ($ adf]lhd a'emfpg' kg]{/sd jf clu|d s/ bflvnf ug'{ kg]{JolQmn] bkmf (%s= adf]lhd a'emfpg'kg]{ /sd jf bkmf ((, !)), !)!adf]lhd s/ lgwf{/0f eP cg';f/a'emfpg' kg]{ /sd .Æ-3_ v08 -t_ kl5 b]xfosf] v08 -t!_ ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-t!_ æsf/f]af/Æ eGgfn] s'g} cfo jif{sf]/f]huf/L, Joj;fo jf nufgLsf] cfou0fgf ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu bkmf &, *jf ( adf]lhd ;dfj]z ul/g] hDdf/sd a/fa/sf] sf/f]af/ ;Demg' k5{ .Æ-ª_ v08 -b_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08 -b_ /flvPsf] 5 M–æ-b_ æu}/ Jofj;flos s/of]Uo ;DklQÆeGgfn] b]xfosf ;DklQ afx]ssf hUuf,ejg tyf s'g} lgsfodf /x]sf] lxt jf;'/If0f ;Demg' k5{ M–-!_ Jofj;flos ;DklQ, x|f;of]Uo;DklQ jf Jofkfl/s df}Hbft,-@_ s'g} k|fs[lts JolQmsf] lgDgcj:yfsf] lghL ejg,207


-r_-s_ cljlR5Gg bz jif{ jf ;f]eGbfa9L cjlw :jfldTjdf /x]sf]/-v_ ;f] JolQmn] cljlR5Gg jfk6s k6s u/L s'n bzjif{ jf ;f]eGbf a9La;f]af; u/]sf],:ki6Ls/0f M o; v08sf] k|of]hgsf]nflu ælghL ejgÆ eGgfn] ejg/ ejgn] cf]u6]sf] If]qkmna/fa/sf] hUuf jf Ps /f]kgLhUufdWo] h'g 36L x'G5 ;f] nfO{;Demg' k5{ .-#_ s'g} lxtflwsf/Lsf] cjsfz sf]ifdf/x]sf] lxt,-$_ s'g} k|fs[lts JolQmsf] tL; nfv?k}ofFeGbf sd d"Nodf lgM;u{u/]sf] hUuf, 3/hUuf tyf lghLejg, jf-%_ tLg k':tfleq ePsf] v/Lb, laqmLafx]s cGo lsl;dn] x:tfGt/0fu/L lgM;u{ u/]sf] ;DklQ .Æv08 -w_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08 -w_ /flvPsf]5 M–æ-w_ æ5'6 kfpg] ;+:yfÆ eGgfn] b]xfosf lgsfo;Demg' k5{ M–-!_s/ 5"6 kfpg] ;+:yfsf] ?kdfljefudf btf{ ePsf b]xfoadf]lhdsf lgsfo M–-s_ gfkmf gsdfpg] p2]Zon]:yfkgf ePsf ;fj{hlgsk|s[ltsf ;fdflhs, wfld{s,z}lIfs jf k/f]ksf/L ;+:yf,-v_ ;fdflhs jf v]ns"b;DaGwL ;'ljwf k|j4{g ug]{p2]Zon] ;f] ;+:yf jf208


To;sf ;b:ox¿n] nfeglng] u/L u7g ePsf]cJoj;foL -Pd]Rof]/_v]ns"b ;+:yf,-@_ lgjf{rg cfof]udf btf{ ePsf]/fhgLlts bn,-#_ ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt, gu/kflnsfjf lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt,t/ 5"6 kfpg] ;+:yfsf]p2]Zo cg';f/ sfo{ ;DkGg x'Fbfjf s'g} JolQmåf/f ;f] ;+:yfnfO{k|bfg ul/Psf ;DklQ jf ;]jfafktsf] s'g} e'QmfgL ubf{afx]s ;f] ;+:yfsf] ;DklQ / ;f];+:yfn] k|fKt u/]sf] /sdaf6s'g} JolQmnfO{ s'g} kmfObfk'¥ofPsf] eP To:tf] ;+:yfnfO{o; v08 adf]lhd s/ 5"6 x'g]5}g .Æ-5_ v08 -e_ sf] pkv08 -%_ df /x]sf æpkv08-!_, -@_ / -#_Æ eGg] zAbx¿sf] ;§f æpkv08-!_, -@_, -#_ / -$_Æ eGg] zAbx¿ /flvPsf5g\ .-h_ v08 -z_ sf] pkv08 -!_ / -@_ sf] ;§fb]xfosf pkv08 -!_ / -@_ /flvPsf 5g\ M–æ-!_ hldgaf6 kfgL, vlgh kbfy{ jf cGohLljt jf lgh{L{j ;|f]t lgsfNg] clwsf/k|fKt u/] afktsf] e'QmfgL, jf-@_ hldgaf6 ;du| jf cf+lzs ?kdflgsflnPsf] k|fs[lts ;|f]t / vlghkbfy{sf] hLljt jf lghL{j ;|f]tsf]kl/df0f jf d"Nosf cfwf/af6 u0fgful/Psf] /sd .Æ-em_ v08 -;_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08 -;_ /flvPsf] 5 M–æ-;_ æef8fÆ eGgfn] 3/ axfn ;d]tsf d"t{;DklQsf] axfn tyf k§f cGtu{t209


-`_-6_-7_-8_ul/Psf lk|ldod nufotsf ;a}e'QmfgL ;D´g' k5{ .t/ ;f] zAbn] k|fs[lts ;|f]tafkt ePsf] e'QmfgLnfO{ hgfpg]5}g .Æv08 -ss_ sf] pkv08 -#_ df /x]sf æa}1flgscg'ej k|bfg ug]{Æ eGg] zJbx?sf] ;§fæa}1flgs cg'ej k|of]u ug]{] jf k|bfg ug]{ÆeGg] zJbx? /flvPsf 5g\ .v08 -sv_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08 -sv_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-sv_ ænufgLÆ eGgfn] b]xfo adf]lhd afx]sPs jf PseGbf a9L ;DklQ wf/0fug]{ jf To:tf] ;DklQ nufgL ug]{sfo{ ;Demg' k5{ M–-!_ ;DklQdf :jfldTj /fVg]JolQmaf6 lghL k|of]udfNofOPsf] ;DklQ /fVg] sfo{,-@_ /f]huf/L jf Joj;fo .t/ u}/ Jofj;floss/of]Uo ;DklQ /fVg] sfo{nufgL dflgg]5 .Æv08 -sª_ sf],–-!_ pkv08 -!_ sf] b]xfo -v_ df /x]sfæs'g} cfo jif{sf]Æ eGg] zAbx¿lemlsPsf 5g\ .-@_ pkv08 -#_ sf] b]xfo -v_ sf] cGTodf-#_æjf,Æ eGg] zAb ylkPsf] 5 .pkv08 -$_ sf] b]xfo -s_ sf] cGTodfæjf,Æ eGg] zAb ylkPsf] 5 .-$_ pkv08 -$_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkv08-$s_ ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-$s_ g]kfn ;/sf/,Æ-%_ pkv08 -^_ df /x]sf] æ/Æ eGg] zAbsf];§f æjfÆ eGg] zAb /flvPsf] 5 .v08 -sem_ sf] pkv08 -@_ df /x]sf]ælk|ldodÆ eGg] zAbsf] ;§f æC0f bfloTj210


-@_cGtu{tsf] 5"6, lk|ldodÆ eGg] zAbx¿/flvPsf 5g\ .-9_ v08 -s`_ df /x]sf æul/Psf] jfÆ eGg]zAbx¿ lemlsPsf 5g\ .-0f_ v08 -s7_ kl5 b]xfosf] v08 -s7!_ ylkPsf]5 M–æ-s7!_ æljB'tLo dfWodÆ eGgfn] sDKo"6/,kmofS;, Od]n, OG6/g]6, ljB'tLoSof; d]lzg, lkm:sn lk|G6/ ;Demg'k5{ / ;f] zAbn] ljefun] tf]s]sfcGo :jLs[t dfWodnfO{ ;d]thgfpF5 . Æ-t_ v08 -s0f_ df /x]sf æpkv08 -$_Æ eGg]zAbx¿sf] ;§f æpkv08 -%_Æ eGg] zAbx¿/flvPsf 5g\ .-y_ v08 -sg_ kl5 b]xfosf] v08 -sg!_ ylkPsf]5 M–æ-sg!_ æ;dfof]lht s/of]Uo cfoÆ eGgfn]s'g} JolQmsf] s'g} cfo jif{sf] s/of]Uo cfosf] u0fgf ubf{ bkmf !@adf]lhd s'g} /sd g36fO{ tyf bkmf!$ sf] pkbkmf -@_, bkmf !& jf !*adf]lhd s§L gu/L u0fgf ul/Psf]s/of]Uo cfo ;D´g' k5{ .Æ-b_ v08 -sn_ df /x]sf æsfo{;Fu ;DalGwt s'g}lgsfodfÆ eGg] zAbx¿sf] ;§f æs'g} lgsfodfv08 -d_ adf]lhdsf]Æ eGg] zAbx¿ ylkPsf5g\ .bkmf $ sf],–-s_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -!_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-!_ s'g} cfo jif{sf nflu bkmf # dfplNnlvt s'g} JolQmn] bflvnf ug'{kg]{ s/sf]/sd ;f] bkmfsf] v08 -s_, -v_ / -u_ dfplNnlvt s'g} Ps jf PseGbf a9L JolQmsf]x}l;otn] ;f] JolQmn] bflvnf ug'{kg]{ s/sf]hDdf /sd a/fa/ x'g]5 .Æ211


-v_-u_-3_-ª_pkbkmf -@_ df /x]sf æbkmf %! jf &!Æ eGg]zAbx¿kl5 æjf b'j} bkmfÆ eGg] zAbx¿ylkPsf 5g\ .pkbkmf -#_ sf] v08 -u_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf]v08 -u_ /flvPsf] 5 M–æ-u_ /f]huf/bftfn] e'QmfgL u/]sf] cf}ifwLpkrf/ vr{ afktsf] s/ ldnfg //f]huf/bftfn] g} e'QmfgL ul/lbPsf]cjsfz of]ubfg dfq 36fpg bfaLu/]sf] tyf bkmf !@ adf]lhd rGbf afktvr{ 36fpg bfaL gu/]sf] .Æpkbkmf -$_ sf],–-!_ v08 -s_ kl5 b]xfosf] v08 -s!_ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-s!_ cf}ifwL pkrf/ vr{ afkt bkmf %!adf]lhd tyf clu|d s/s§L afktbkmf (# adf]lhd s/ ldnfg ug{bfaL gu/]sf],Æ-@_ v08 -v_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08 -v_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-v_ Joj;foaf6 k|fKt cfo b'O{ nfv?k}ofF / Joj;fosf] sf/f]af/ aL; nfv?k}ofFeGbf a9L gePsf],-#_ v08 -u_ kl5 b]xfosf] v08 -3_ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-3_ d"No clea[l4 s/df btf{gePsf] .Æpkbkmf -$_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -$s_ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-$s_ pkbkmf -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfosf s'g} cj:yf k'/fu/]sf bkmf # sf] v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf] jfl;Gbfk|fs[lts JolQmn] s'g} cfo jif{df sf/f]af/sf]cfwf/df bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ s/ cg';"rL –! sf]bkmf ! sf] pkbkmf -!&_ df tf]lsPsf] b/cg';f/ u0fgf ul/Psf] /sd a/fa/ x'g]5 M–212


-#_-r_-s_ ;f] cfo jif{df ;f] JolQmsf]g]kfndf >f]t ePsf] Joj;foaf6k|fKt cfodfq ePsf],-v_ bkmf %! adf]lhd cf}iflw pkrf/vr{ jfkt s/ ldnfg ug{ bfjLgu/]sf],-u_ bkmf (# adf]lhd clu|d s/ s6[LbfjL gu/]sf],-3_ Joj;fosf] sf/f]af/ jflif{s aL;nfv ?k}ofFeGbf a9L / krf; nfv?k}ofFeGbf 36L ePsf],-ª_ d"No clea[l4 s/df btf{gePsf], /-r_ lrlsT;s, Ol~hlgo/, n]vfk/LIfs, sfg"g Joj;foL, v]nf8L,snfsf/, k/fdz{bftf nufotsfk|fs[lts JolQmn] k|bfg ug]{k/fdz{ tyf ljz]if1 ;]jf afktsf]cfo gePsf] .Æpkbkmf -^_ df /x]sf æbkmf **Æ eGg]zAbx¿sf] ;§f æbkmf *&, **, **s= / *(ÆeGg] zAbx¿ /flvPsf 5g\ .bkmf % sf],–-s_ t];|f] x/kmdf /x]sf æbkmf !@ jfÆ eGg]zAbx¿kl5 æ12s= jf 63 jf tLg} bkmfÆ eGg]zAbx¿ ylkPsf 5g\ .-v_ v08 -v_ sf] cGTodf /x]sf] æ/Æ eGg] zAblemlsPsf] 5 .-u_ v08 -u_ kl5 b]xfosf] v08 -3_ ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-3_ cfsl:ds nfe .Æ-$_ bkmf ^ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf ^ /flvPsf] 5 M–æ^= lgwf{/0fof]Uo cfo M o; P]gsf] cwLgdf /xL s'g}JolQmsf] s'g} cfo jif{df s'g} /f]huf/L, Joj;fo,nufgL jf cfsl:ds nfeaf6 ePsf] b]xfosfcfonfO{ lgwf{/0f of]Uo cfo dflgg]5 M–213


-s_ afl;Gbf JolQmsf] cfosf] ;|f]thxfF;'s} ePklg ;f] jif{df ;f]JolQmsf] /f]huf/L, Joj;fo,nufgL jf cfsl:ds nfeaf6ePsf] cfo, /-v_ u}/–afl;Gbf JolQmsf] ;f] jif{dfcfosf] ;|f]t g]kfndf ePsf]/f]huf/L, Joj;fo, nufgL jfcfsl:ds nfeaf6 ePsf] cfo .t/ lgwf{/0fof]Uo cfodf bkmf!! jf ^$ jf b'a} bkmf adf]lhds/ 5"6 lbOPsf] s'g} klg cfo;dfj]z x'g] 5}g .Æ-%_ bkmf & sf] pkbkmf -!_ df /x]sf æcfodf u0fgf ug'{kg]{5Æ eGg] zAbx¿sf] ;§f æcfo x'g]5Æ eGg] zAbx¿/flvPsf 5g\ .-^_ bkmf ( sf] pkbkmf -!_ df /x]sf ædfgL u0fgf ug'{kg]{5Æ eGg] zAbx¿sf] ;§f æx'g]5Æ eGg] zAb /flvPsf]5 .-&_bkmf !) sf],–-s_ v08 -s_ df /x]sf] æ;lGwdfÆ eGg] zAbsf] ;§fæ;lGw jf ;Demf}tfÆ eGg] zAbx? /flvPsf 5g\ .-v_ v08 -5_ sf] pkv08 -#_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkv08-$_ ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-$_ g]kfn lwtf]kq af]8{n] cfˆgf] p2]Zo cg'?kcfh{g u/]sf] /sd .-u_ v08 -h_ kl5 b]xfosf] v08 -em_ ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-em_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] h'g;'s} k|sf/sf] cfo .Æ-*_ bkmf !! sf], –-s_ pkbkmf -@_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -@_ /flvPsf]5 M–æ-@_ ;xsf/L P]g, @)$* adf]lhd btf{ eO{;~rfng ePsf] s[lif jf jg k}bfjf/df cfwfl/t/]zd v]tL tyf /]zd pTkfbg, kmnk"mn v]tL,pTkfbg tyf kmnk"mn k|zf]wg, kz'kfng, 8]/LpBf]u, s'v'/fkfng, dT:okfng, lrof v]tL tyf214


k|zf]wg, skmL v]tL tyf k|zf]wg, hl8j'6L v]tLtyf k|zf]wg, t/sf/Lsf aLp lahg pTkfbg,df}/Lkfng, dx pTkfbg, /a/ v]tL, sj'lnolt jg,Pu|f]km/]i6«L cflb Jofj;flos jg ;DaGwLJoj;fox¿ h:tf s[lif tyf jghGo pBf]ux¿,t/sf/L e08f/sf nflu :yflkt zLt e08f/, s[lif;DaGwL aLp lahg, kz' cfxf/f, bfgf, sL6gfzscf}ifwL, dn tyf s[lif cf}hf/ -oflGqs zlQmaf6rNg] afx]s_ sf] sf/f]af/ ug]{ ;xsf/L ;+:yf tyfu|fdL0f ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t art tyf C0f;xsf/L ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] cfodf s/ nfUg] 5}g .o:tf] ;+:yf jf ;+3n] ljt/0f u/]sf] nfef+zdf;d]t s/ nfUg] 5}g .Æ:ki6Ls/0f M o; pkbkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nfluæu|fdL0f ;d'bfoÆ eGgfn] dxfgu/kflnsf,pkdxfgu/kflnsf tyf tL If]q;Fu hf]l8Psf ufpFljsf; ;ldlt / gu/kflnsf afx]ssf] If]q ;Demg'k5{ .Æ-v_ pkbkmf -@_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -@s_ ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-@s_ u|fdL0f ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t n3' ljQ;+:yf, u|fdL0f ljsf; a}Í, x'nfs art a}Í / pkbkmf-@_ adf]lhdsf ;xsf/Ldf hDdf u/]sf] lgIf]kaf6cflh{t jflif{s kRrL; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Ddsf] Aofhcfodf s/ nfUg] 5}g .Æ-u_ pkbkmf -#_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -#_ /flvPsf]5 M–æ-#_ s'g} JolQmnfO{ s'g} cfo jif{df ljz]ifpBf]u / ;"rgf k|ljlw pBf]uaf6 ePsf] cfodf b]xfoadf]lhd s/ nufOg]5 M–-s_tLg ;o jf ;f]eGbf a9L g]kfnLgful/snfO{ jif{e/L g} k|ToIf /f]huf/Llbg] ljz]if pBf]u / ;"rgf k|ljlwpBf]unfO{ ;f] jif{sf] cfodf nfUg]s/sf] gAa] k|ltzt, afx| ;o jf;f]eGbf a9L g]kfnL gful/snfO{jif{e/L g} k|ToIf /f]huf/L lbg] ljz]ifpBf]unfO{ ;f] jif{sf] cfodf nfUg]215


-s!_s/sf] c;L k|ltzt, dlxnf, blnt jfckfËx¿dWo] sDtLdf t]QL;k|ltztnfO{ ;d]t ;dfj]z u/L Ps;o hgfeGbf a9L g]kfnL gful/snfO{jif{e/L k|ToIf /f]huf/L lbPsf] ljz]ifpBf]unfO{ ;f] jif{sf] cfodf nfUg]s/sf] c;L k|ltzt,jif{e/L g]kfnL gful/snfO{ dfq k|ToIf/f]huf/L lbPsf] laz]if pBf]u, s[lifhGopBf]u / ko{6g If]q;Fu ;DalGwtpBf]unfO{ ;f] jif{sf] cfodf nfUg]s/sf] ;Q/L k|ltzt,t/ of] ;'ljwf k|fKt ug]{pBf]un] slDtdf Ps ;o hgfnfO{/f]huf/L k|bfg u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .-v_ clt cljsl;t, cljsl;t,cNkljsl;t If]qx¿df ljz]if pBf]u;~rfng ePsf] eP To:tf] pBf]u;~rfng ePsf] cfo jif{ ;d]t bzcfo jif{sf nflu ;f] jif{x¿sf] cfodfnfUg] s/sf] qmdzM bz, aL; / tL;k|ltzt,-u_ Ps ca{eGbf a9Lsf] k"‘hL nufgLdf:yfkgf x'g] / kf‘r ;oeGbf a9LnfO{jif{e/L g} k|ToIf /f]huf/L k|bfg ug]{laz]if pBf]unfO{ sf/f]af/ z'? u/]sf]ldltn] kfFr jif{;Dd k"0f{ ?kdf cfos/5'6 lbO{ To;kl5sf] tLg jif{;Dd nfUg]s/sf] krf; k|ltzt,t/ xfn ;~rfngdf /x]sfTo:tf pBf]un] sDtLdf kRrL;k|ltzt hl8t Ifdtf a[l4 u/L Psca{ k"‘hL k'¥ofO{ kfFr ;oeGbf a9LnfO{jif{e/L g} k|ToIf /f]huf/L k|bfg u/]dfTo;/L Ifdtf a[l4af6 k|fKt ePsf]cfodf kfFr jif{;Dd k"0f{ ?kdf216


cfos/ 5'6 lbO{ To;kl5sf] tLgjif{;Dd nfUg] s/sf] krf; k|ltzt .Æ-3_ pkbkmf -#_ kl5 b]xfosf pkbkmf -#s_, -#v_, -#u_,-#3_, -#ª_, -#r_, -#5_, -#h_, -#em_, -#`_ / -#6_ylkPsf 5g\ M–æ-#s_ ljz]if cfly{s If]qdf :yflkt pBf]usf]cfodf nfUg] cfos/ / To:tf pBf]un] ljt/0f ug]{nfef+zdf nfUg] s/df b]xfo adf]lhd 5'6 x'g]5 M–-s_ lxdfnL lhNnf / g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf]kxf8L lhNnfdf /x]sf] ljz]if cfly{sIf]qdf :yflkt pBf]un] sf/f]af/ z'?u/]sf] ldltn] bz jif{;Dd nfUg]cfos/sf] zt k|ltzt / To;kl5sfcfo jif{df nfUg] cfos/sf] krf;k|ltzt,-v_ v08 -s_ df plNnlvt If]q jfx]ssf]cGo If]qdf /x]sf] ljz]if cfly{s If]qdf:yflkt pBf]un] sf/f]af/ z'? u/]sf]ldltn] kfFr jif{;Dd nfUg] cfos/sf]zt k|ltzt / To;kl5sf cfo jif{dfnfUg] cfos/sf] krf; k|ltzt,-u_ ljz]if cfly{s If]qdf :yflkt pBf]un]ljt/0f u/]sf] nfef+zdf nfUg] s/sf]sf/f]af/ z'? u/]sf] ldltn] kfFr jif{;Ddzt k|ltzt / To;kl5sf] tLg jif{;Ddkrf; k|ltzt,-3_ ljz]if cfly{s If]qdf :yflkt pBf]usfljb]zL nufgLstf{n] ljb]zL k|ljlw jfJoj:yfkg ;]jf z'Ns tyf /f]oN6Laf6cfh{g u/]sf] cfodf nfUg] cfos/sf]krf; k|ltzt-ª_ ljz]if pBf]u, s[lifhGo pBf]u / ko{6gIf]q;Fu ;DalGwt pBf]un] cfkm\gf] ;+lrtd'gfkmfnfO{ ;f]xL pBf]usf] Ifdtflj:tf/sf] nflu z]o/df k"FhLs/0f u/]sf]cj:yfdf To:tf] k"FhLs/0fdf nfef+z217


ljt/0f :j?k nfUg] nfef+z s/df ztk|ltzt .-#v_ k]6«f]lnod tyf k|fs[lts UofF; cGj]if0ftyf pTvgg\ ug]{ sf/f]af/ ug]{ JolQmn] ;Djt\ @)&%;fn r}q dlxgf;Dd Jofkfl/s ?kdf sf/f]af/;~rfng u/]df sf/f]af/ ;~rfng u/]sf] ldltn]klxnf] ;ft jif{;Dd k"/} cfos/ 5"6 kfpg]5 /To;kl5sf] tLg jif{;Dd krf; k|ltzt cfos/ 5"6kfpg]5 .-#u_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgfk|sfzg u/L tf]s]sf] 6]Sgf]nf]hL kfs{, jfof]6]s kfs{ /;"rgf k|ljlw kfs{leq :yflkt ;ˆ6j]o/ ljsf;,tYofÍ k|zf]wg, ;fOj/ Sofk]m, l8lh6n Doflkª;DaGwL pBf]usf] cfodf nfUg] s/sf] krf; k|ltzt5"6 x'g]5 .-#3_ ;Djt\ @)*) ;fn r}q dlxgf;DdhnljB'tsf] Jofkfl/s ?kdf pTkfbg, k|;f/0f jfljt/0f ;'? ug]{ cg'dlt k|fKt JolQm jf lgsfon]klxnf] bz jif{;Dd k"/} cfos/ 5'6 kfpg] 5 /To;kl5sf] kfF+r jif{;Dd krf; k|ltzt cfos/ 5'6kfpg]5 . o:tf] ;'ljwf ;f}o{, jfo' tyf h}ljskbfy{af6 pTkfbg x'g] ljB'tn] ;d]t kfpg]5 .t/ of] pkbkmf k|f/De ePsf avt Jofkfl/spTkfbg k|f/De ul/;s]sf cg'dltkq k|fKt JolQmsf]xsdf cg'dltkq k|fKt ubf{sf jvtsf] Joj:yf sfod/xg]5 .-#ª_ pTkfbgd'ns pBf]un] pTkfbg u/]sf]j:t' lgof{t u/]df k|fKt cfodf nfUg] s/sf] b/dfkRrL; k|ltztn] 5'6 x'g]5 .-#r_ ;8s, k'n, ljdfg:yn / ;'?ª dfu{lgdf{0f tyf ;~rfng u/]df jf 6«fd, 6«nLa;dfnufgL u/L ;~rfng u/]df ;f]af6 k|fKt cfodf nfUg]s/sf] b/df rfnL; k|ltztn] 5'6 x'g]5 .-#5_ lwtf]kq ahf/df ;"lrs[t ePsfpTkfbgd'ns, ko{6g ;]jf, hnljB't pTkfbg, ljt/0ftyf 6«fG;ld;g ug]{ / bkmf !! sf] pkbkmf -#u_ df218


pNn]v ePsf lgsfox?nfO{ nfUg] s/df bzk|ltztn] 5'6 x'g]5 .-#h_ clt cljsl;t If]qdf :yflktkmnk"mndf cfwfl/t a|f08L, ;fO8/ Pj+ jfOg pTkfbgug]{ pBf]unfO{ sf/f]af/ ;'? u/]sf] ldltn] bz jif{;DdrfnL; k|ltzt cfos/ 5'6 x'g]5 .-#em_ s'g} JolQmn] af}l4s ;DklQ lgof{tafkt k|fKt /f]oN6L cfodf nfUg] cfo s/sf] b/dfkRrL; k|ltztn] 5'6 x'g]5 .-#`_ s'g} JolQmn] jf}l4s ;DklQsf]x:tfGt/0fåf/f laqmL u/L k|fKt u/]sf] cfodf nfUg]cfos/sf] b/df krf; k|ltztn] 5'6 x'g]5 .-#6_ b'O{ ca{eGbf a9Lsf] k"FhL nufgLdf:yfkgf x'g] ko{6g If]q;+u ;DalGwt pBf]u jfcGt/f{li6«o p8fg ;~rfng ug]{ xjfO{ sDkgLnfO{sf/f]af/ z'? u/]sf] ldltn] kfFr jif{;Dd k"0f{ ?kdf /To;kl5sf] tLg jif{;Dd nfUg] cfos/sf] b/dfkrf; k|ltzt 5'6 x'g]5 .t/ xfn ;~rfngdf /x]sf To:tf pBf]ujf xjfO{ sDkgLn] xfnsf] hl8t Ifdtfsf] sDtLdfkRrL; k|ltzt Ifdtf a[l4 u/L b'O{ ca{ k"FhLk'¥ofPdf To;/L Ifdtf a[l4af6 k|fKt ePsf] cfodfkfFr jif{;Dd k"0f{ ?kdf / To;kl5sf] tLg jif{;DdnfUg] cfo s/sf] b/df krf; k|ltzt 5'6 x'g]5 .Æ-ª_ pkbkmf -$_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -$_ /flvPsf]5 M–æ-$_ pkbkmf -!_, -@_, -#_ sf] v08 -s_ /-v_, pkbkmf -#s_, -#v_, -#u_ / -#3_, cg';"rL–! sf]bkmf ! sf] pkbkmf -!#_, -!$_ / -!%_ / bkmf @ sf]pkbkmf -@_, -#_, -#s_ / -$_ adf]lhdsf JolQmn]cfosf] u0fgf ubf{ cGo 5'§} JolQmåf/f ;f] cfo dfqk|fKt u/] ;/x dfgL ;f] cfosf] u0fgf ug'{ kg]{5 .Æ-r_ pkbkmf -%_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -%_ /flvPsf]5 M–219


æ-%_ Pp6} cfosf] ;DaGwdf o; bkmfadf]lhd PseGbf a9L 5"6 kfpg ;Sg] cj:yf ePsf]JolQmn] cfk"mn] /f]h]sf] s'g} Pp6f 5'6 dfq kfpg]5 .Æ-5_ pkbkmf -^_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -&_ ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-&_ pkbkmf -#s_ / -#u_ df h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;f]xL pkbkmfx¿df plNnlvtpBf]u jf Joj;fo ;~rfng ug{ k|of]u ePsf] ;DklQ;fljsdf cGo JolQmn] ;f]xL lsl;dsf] jf cGolsl;dsf] pBf]u jf Joj;fo ;~rfng ug{ k|of]uu/]sf] k'/fgf] ;DklQ eP ;f] pkbkmfx¿ adf]lhdsf];'ljwf k|fKt x'g] 5}g .Æ-(_ bkmf !! kl5 b]xfosf bkmf !!s= / !!v= ylkPsf5g\ M–æ!!s= k"jf{wf/ ;+/rgfsf] lgdf{0f tyf ;~rfngdfnfUg] s/ M k"jf{wf/ ;+/rgfsf] lgdf{0f tyf;~rfng ug{sf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/ / s'g}JolQmsf aLr s'g} ;Demf}tf ePdf ;f] ;Demf}tfubf{sf jvt sfod /x]sf] P]gn] Joj:yf u/]sf]s/sf ;'ljwfx¿ To:tf] k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f tyf;~rfng ug]{ JolQmn] ;Demf}tf cjlwe/pkef]u ug{ kfpg]5 .!!v= /fli6«o dxTjsf k"jf{wf/ ljsf; cfof]hgfx¿df;x'lnot M /fli6«o dxTjsf hnljB't cfof]hgf,cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yn, e"ldutdfu{ tyf;8sdfu{, /]ndfu{ h:tf k"jf{wf/ ljsf;cfof]hgf tyf tLg ;ohgfeGbf a9L :jb]zLsfdbf/nfO{ /f]huf/L lbg] / krf; k|ltzteGbfa9L :jb]zL sRrf kbfy{ pkof]u ug]{pTkfbgzLn pBf]u -r'/f]6, dlb/f / ljo/pBf]u afx]s_ df ;Djt\ @)&% ;fn r}td;fGt;Dd u/]sf] nufgLsf] cfo;|f]t vf]lhg]5}g .-!)_ bkmf !@ sf] pkbkmf -@_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -@_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg ;f] pkbkmf adf]lhd s'g} cfo jif{df 36fpgkfpg] vr{ Ps nfv ?k}ofF jf ;f] JolQmsf] ;f] jif{sf]220


-!!_-!@_;dfof]lht s/of]Uo cfosf] kfFr k|ltztdWo] h'g 36Lx'G5 ;f]eGbf a9L x'g] 5}g .Æbkmf !@ kl5 b]xfosf bkmf !@s= / bkmf !@v=ylkPsf 5g\ M–æ!@s= ;Dkbf ;+/If0f / v]ns"bsf] ljsf;df u/]sf]vr{ M s'g} sDkgLn] s'g} cfo jif{df ljefusf]k"j{ :jLs[lt lnO{ g]kfnleq /x]sf k|frLg,wfld{s tyf ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] ;+/If0f tyf;+aw{g ug]{ jf v]ns"bsf] ;fj{hlgs ef}ltsk"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f ug]{ sfo{df u/]sf] vr{dWo] bznfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] /sd jf lgwf{/0f of]Uocfosf] bz k|ltztn] x'g] /sddWo] h'g 36Lx'G5 ;f] /sd cfˆgf] ;f] jif{sf] s/of]Uo cfou0fgf ubf{ 36fpg bfaL ug{ ;Sg]5 .!@v= k|wfgdGqL b}jL k|sf]k p4f/ sf]if / g]kfn;/sf/n] :yfkgf u/]sf] k'glg{df{0f sf]ifdfof]ubfg u/]sf] vr{ M s'g} JolQmn] s'g} cfojif{df k|wfgdGqL b}jL k|sf]k p4f/ sf]if /g]kfn ;/sf/n] :yfkgf u/]sf] k'glg{df{0fsf]ifdf of]ubfg u/]sf] /sd ;f] jif{sf] s/of]Uocfo u0fgf ubf{ 36fpg ;Sg]5 .Æbkmf !$ sf],–-s_ pkbkmf -!_ df /x]sf æ;f] JolQmsf]Æ eGg]zAbx¿kl5 æJoj;fo jf nufgLaf6 cfocfh{g x'g] sfo{sf nflu l;h{gf ePsf]]Æ eGg]zAbx¿ ykL ;f]xL pkbkmfsf] v08 -v_ df/x]sf] k|ltaGwfTds jfSof+z lemlsPsf] 5 .-v_ pkbkmf -@_ df /x]sf æ;f] pkbkmf adf]lhds§L ug{ kfpg] s"n Jofh /sd b]xfosf/sdx¿sf] hDdfeGbf a9L x'g] 5}gÆ eGg]zAbx¿sf] ;§f ælgoGq0f ug]{ JolQm jf ;Da4JolQmnfO{ Jofh e'QmfgL u/]df pkbkmf -!_adf]lhd s§L ug{ kfpg] To:tf] Jofh /sdb]xfosf /sdx¿sf] hDdfeGbf a9L x'g] 5}gÆeGg] zAbx¿ /fvL ;f]xL pkbkmfsf] v08 -v_df /x]sf æs/of]Uo cfosf]Æ eGg] zAbx¿sf]221


-!#_-!$_;§f æ;dfof]lht s/of]Uo cfosf]Æ eGg]zAbx¿ /flvPsf 5g\ .bkmf !% sf],–-s_ pkbkmf -^_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -^_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-^_ s'g} JolQmsf] Joj;fosf] Jofkf/df}Hbft osLg ug{ g;lsg] ePdf ;f] JolQmn]klxnf] k|flKt klxnf] lgisfzg t/Lsf jf efl/tcf};t nfut t/Lsfaf6 Jofkf/ df}Hbftsf]nfut u0fgf ug{ 5gf}6 ug{ ;Sg]5 .Æ-v_ pkbkmf -*_ sf] v08 -s_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf]v08 -s_ /flvPsf] 5 M–æ-s_ efl/t cf};t nfut t/Lsf adf]lhdu0fgf ubf{ n]vfsf] ;j{dfGo l;4fGtcGtu{t Joj;fodf /x]sf pxLlsl;dsf ;a} Jofkf/ df}Hbftsf] efl/tcf};t nfutsf] cfwf/df u0fgf ug]{ .Æ-u_ :ki6Ls/0fsf],–-!_ v08 -u_ df b]xfosf] k|ltaGwfTdsjfSof+z ylkPsf] 5 M–æt/ sf/vfgfsf] lz/f]ef/nfutdf dd{t tyf ;'wf/ / x|f; s§Lafktsf] s'g} /sd ;dfj]z x'g] 5}g .Æ-@_ v08 -3_ df b]xfosf] k|ltaGwfTdsjfSof+z ylkPsf] 5 M–æt/ kl/jt{gzLn sf/vfgflz/f]ef/ nfutdf dd{t tyf ;'wf/ /x|f; s§L afktsf] s'g} /sd ;dfj]zx'g] 5}g .Æbkmf !^ sf],–-s_ pkbkmf -@_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -@_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;f] pkbkmf adf]lhd ug{kfpg] vr{ s§L ubf{ ;f] cfo jif{sf] cGTodf222


-!%_-!^_-v_bkmf !& sf],–-s_-v_bkmf !* sf],–-s_/x]sf] ;DklQsf] ;d"xsf] x|f; cfwf/ /sdsf];ft k|ltzteGbf a9L x'g] 5}g .t/-s_ xjfO{ oftfoft ;]jf pknAw u/fpg]JolQmn] g]kfn gful/s p8\8ogk|flws/0fn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] dfkb08adf]lhd xjfO{hxfhsf] k/LIf0f ubf{nfu]sf] dd{t ;Def/ vr{df of] ;Ldfnfu" x'g] 5}g .-v_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf e"sDk k|efljtlhNnfdf Iflt ePsf] ;DkQLsf] dd{t;Def/ vr{df s/bftfn] rfx]df of];Ldf cfly{s jif{ @)&#.&$ ;Ddsf]nflu nfu" x'g] 5}g .Æpkbkmf -#_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -#_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] ;Ldfsf]kl/0ffd :j?k s§L ug{ gkfOg] dd{t tyf;'wf/ afkt s'g} clws vr{ jf ;f]sf] efucfufld cfo jif{sf] z'?df ;DalGwt ;DklQsf];d"xsf] x|f; cfwf/ /sddf hf]8\g kfpg]5 .Æpkbkmf -@_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -@_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'g} cfo jif{df ;f]pkbkmf adf]lhd s§f ug{ kfpg] vr{sf] ;Ldfu0fgf ubf{ ;f] JolQmaf6 ;~rflnt ;a}Joj;fosf] ;dfof]lht s/of]Uo cfosf] krf;k|ltzteGbf a9L x'g] 5}g .Æpkbkmf -#_ df /x]sf] æefunfO{Æ eGg] zAbkl5æcfufld cfo jif{sf] z'?dfÆ eGg] zAbx¿ylkPsf 5g\ .pkbkmf -@_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -@_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f223


-!&_-!*_n]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'g} cfo jif{df ;f]pkbkmf adf]lhd s§f ug{ kfpg] vr{sf] ;Ldfu0fgf ubf{ ;f] JolQmaf6 ;~rflnt ;a}Joj;fosf] ;dfof]lht s/of]Uo cfosf] krf;k|ltzteGbf a9L x'g] 5}g .Æ-v_ pkbkmf -#_ df /x]sf] æs'g} efunfO{Æ eGg]zAbx¿ kl5 æcfufld cfo jif{sf] z'?dfÆ eGg]zAbx¿ ylkPsf 5g\ .bkmf !( sf] pkbkmf -!_ df /x]sf æug{ kfpg]5Æ eGg]zAbx¿sf] ;§f æug'{ kg]{5Æ eGg] zAbx¿ /flvPsf5g\ .bkmf @) sf],–-s_-v_-u_pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -v_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf]v08 -v_ /flvPsf] 5 M–æ-v_ ;f] JolQmn] s'g} Joj;foaf6 Joxf]g'{k/]sf] ljut ;ft cfo jif{x¿sf] s§L x'ggkfPsf] gf]S;fgL .t/ ;fj{hlgs k"jf{wf/ ;+/rgfsf]lgdf{0f tyf ;~rfng u/L g]kfn;/sf/nfO{ x:tfGt/0f ug]{ cfof]hgf,ljB't u[x lgdf{0f, pTkfbg tyf k|;f/0fug]{ cfof]hgf / g]kfn k]6«f]lnod P]g,@)$) adf]lhd k]6«f]lnod sfo{ ug]{lgsfosf] xsdf ljut afx« jif{sf] s§Lx'g gkfPsf] gf]S;fgL .Æpkbkmf -@_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -@_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-@_ s'g} JolQmn] s'g} cfo jif{df s'g}nufgLaf6 ePsf] cfo u0fgf ug]{ k|of]hgsf]nflu ;f] JolQmn] cGo s'g} nufgLaf6 Joxf]g'{k/]sf] ;f] jif{sf] s§L x'g gkfPsf] gf]S;fgL /;f] JolQmsf] ;f] nufgL / cGo s'g} nufgLaf6Joxf]g'{ k/]sf] ljut ;ft cfo jif{x?sf] s§Lx'g gkfPsf] gf]S;fgL s§L ug{ kfpg]5 .Æpkbkmf -&_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -*_ ylkPsf]5 M–æ-*_ s'g} JolQmn] s'g} cfo jif{df224


-!(_-@)_Joj;fo jf nufgLsf] cfodf k"0f{ s/ 5"6k|fKt u/]sf] eP To:tf] cfo jif{df ePsf]gf]S;fgL cfufld cfo jif{df ;f/L n}hfg -Sof/L km/jf8{_ kfpg] 5}g .Æbkmf @! sf] :ki6Ls/0fsf],–-s_-v_bkmf @$ sf],–-s_-v_v08 -s_ sf] pkv08 -!_ df /x]sf æk|fs[ltsJolQmsf] nflu ePsf] vr{x?Æ eGg] zAbx¿sf];§f æk|fs[lts JolQmsf] lghL vr{Æ eGg]zAbx¿ /flvPsf 5g\ .v08 -u_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08 -u_ /flvPsf]5 M–æ-u_ ægub e'QmfgLÆ eGgfn] a}+s jf ljQLo;+:yf dfkm{t k|lttkq, Psfp06 k]oLr]s, 8«fˆ6, wgfb]z, 6]lnu|flkms6«fG;km/, dgL 6«fG;km/ -x'08L_ åf/f a}+svftfdf hDdf x'g] u/L ul/Psf] e'QmfgL/ a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfaLr cGo s'g}lsl;daf6 ul/Psf] :yfgfGt/0f afx]ssfe'QmfgL ;Demg' k5{ .Æpkbkmf -@_ df /x]sf æs'g} JolQmn] u/]sf]cfosf] u0fgfdfÆ eGg] zAbx¿sf] ;§f æs'g}JolQmsf] cfo u0fgf ubf{Æ eGg] zAbx¿ /fvL;f]xL pkbkmfsf] v08 -s_ sf] pkv08 -@_ sf];§f b]xfosf] pkv08 -@_ /flvPsf] 5 M–æ-@_ To:tf] bfloTjsf] d"No oyfy{k/s 9Ën]cg'dfg ug{ ;lsg] ePsf]df .Æpkbkmf -#_ / -$_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf pkbkmf-#_ / -$_ /flvPsf 5g\ M–æ-3_ pkbkmf -1_ df h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg a}+lsé Aoj;fosf;DaGwdf g]kfn /fi^< a}+s P]g, 2058 tyfa}+lsé ;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"gsf] cwLgdf /xLg]kfn /fi^< a}+sn] tf]s]sf] n]vf°gnfO{ljefun] dfGotf lbg ;Sg]% .t/ ;xsf/L ;+:yfn] Jofh cfosf]n]vf°g gub cfwf/df ;d]t ug{ ;Sg]% .225


-$_ Joj;fo jf nufgLaf6 ePsf] s'g}JolQmsf] cfo Pqm'on cfwf/df u0fgf ubf{ ;f]JolQmn] cfk"mn] kfpg' kg]{ s'g} e'QmfgL ;dfj]zu/]sf]df jf cfk"mn] Joxf]g'{ kg]{ s'g} e'QmfgL s§fu/]sf]df ;6xL b/sf] km/ssf] sf/0f ;d]tn]ubf{ ;f] JolQmn] e'QmfgL kfpFbf jf e'QmfgL lbFbfkm/s kg{ uPdf km/s /sdnfO{ e'QmfgL k|fKtx'Fbf jf lbFbf ;dfof]hg ug'{ kg]{5 .Æ-@!_ bkmf @% sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -s_ df /x]sfæ/sdsf] ;f]wegf{Æ eGg] zAbx¿sf] ;§f æ/sd lkmtf{ÆeGg] zAbx¿ /flvPsf 5g\ .-@@_ bkmf @& sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -s_ df /x]sf æb|Jo-dgL_ jfÆ / ;f]xL v08df /x]sf æb|Jo /Æ eGg] zAbx¿lemlsPsf 5g\ .-@#_ bkmf @( sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf @( /flvPsf] 5 M–æ@(=ck|ToIf e'QmfgL M s'g} JolQmn] e'QmfgLstf{ jflgh;Fu ;Da4 JolQmn] u/]sf] e'QmfgLaf6 ck|ToIf?kn] kmfObf lnPdf jf e'QmfgL k|fKt ug]{ cGoJolQm tf]s]sf]df ljefun] lnlvt ?kdf ;"rgfhf/L u/L To:tf] kmfObf lng] jf To:tf] cGo JolQmtf]Sg] JolQmnfO{ g} ;f] e'QmfgL k|fKt ug]{ JolQmsf]?kdf dfGg ;Sg]5 .Æ-@$_-@%_bkmf #! sf] v08 -v_ df b]xfosf k|ltaGwfTdsjfSof+zx? ylkPsf] 5 M–æt/-!_-@_afl;Gbf k|fs[lts JolQmsf] JolQmutb'3{6gfaf6 ePsf] zf/Ll/s Iflt afktsf]Ifltk"lt{ e'QmfgL /sd cfodf ;dfj]z ug'{kg]{ 5}g / ;f] b'3{6gfaf6 ePsf] Ifltsf]pkrf/df nfu]sf] vr{ bkmf %! adf]lhds/ ldnfg bfaL ug{ kfpg] 5}g .k|fs[lts JolQmsf] d[To' afkt k|fKt x'g]Ifltk"lt{sf] /sd cfodf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5}g .Æbkmf #@ sf] pkbkmf -#_ df /x]sf] ælaqm]tfn]Æ eGg] zAblemlsPsf] 5 .226


-@^_ bkmf #* sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -s_ sf] pkv08 -@_sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkv08 -@_ /flvPsf] 5 M–æ-@_ ;f] ;DklQ k|fKt ePsf] sf/0fn] ;f] JolQmsf]cfo u0fgf ubf{ ;dfj]z ul/g' kg]{ s'g}/sd .Æ-@&_ bkmf #( sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -u_ sf] k|ltaGwfTdsjfSof+zdf /x]sf æs/ nfu]sf] /sdÆ eGg] zAbx¿sf];§f æe'QmfgLÆ eGg] zAb /flvPsf] 5 .-@*_bkmf $! sf],–-s_-v_v08 -s_ sf] pkv08 -@_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf]pkv08 -@_ /flvPsf] 5 M–æ-@_ ;f] ;DklQ k'gM lgM;u{ xF'bf of] bkmfadf]lhd lgM;u{ ePsf] avt;Dd ;f];DklQ afkt ul/Psf v"b vr{x¿ -g]6cfp6 uf]OË_ k|flKt /sd a/fa/sf]/sd eP ;/x dflgg]5 .Æv08 -v_ sf] pkv08 -@_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf]pkv08 -@_ /flvPsf] 5 M–æ-@_ ;f] bfloTj k'gM lgM;u{ x'Fbf of] bkmfadf]lhd lgM;u{ ePsf] ;do;Ddpkv08 -!_ adf]lhd bfloTj afktul/Psf v"b cfDbfgLx¿ vr{ /sda/fa/sf] eP ;/x dflgg]5 .Æ-@(_ bkmf $% sf],–-s_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -v_ kl5 b]xfosf] v08-u_ ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-u_ P]gsf] bkmf @ sf] v08 -b_ sf]pkv08 -%_ adf]lhd x:tfGt/0f eO{cfPsf] ;DklQsf] xsdf x:tfGt/0f ug]{AolQmsf] nfut g} x:tfGt/0f eO{;DklQ k|fKt ug]{ JolQmsf] nfut k/]sf]dflgg]5 .Æ-v_-u_pkbkmf -@_ df /x]sf æs/ nfUg]Æ eGg]zAbx¿sf] ;§f æs/of]UoÆ eGg] zAb /flvPsf]5 .pkbkmf -$_ df /x]sf] æglnO{Æ eGg] zAbsf];§f æglbO{Æ eGg] zAb /flvPsf] 5 .227


-#)_ bkmf $& kl5 b]xfosf] bkmf $&s= ylkPsf] 5 M–æ$&s= Joj;fo uflePsf] sf/0fn] x'g] lgM;u{ ;DaGwLljz]if Joa:yf M -!_ a+}lsË tyf ljQLoJoj;fo jf aLdf Joj;fo ug]{] Ps} k|s[ltsflgsfox? cfk;df ufleP/ -dh{/ jfPSo'lhzg_ ePdf bkmf %& sf] pkbkmf -@_ sf]v08 -s_, -v_, -3_, -ª_, -r_ / -5_ tyf ;f]xLbkmfsf] pkbkmf -#_ sf] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .t/ ufleP/ cl:tTjdf g/x]sf]lgsfosf] s'g} s§L x'g g;s]sf] gf]S;fgL ePTo:tf] gf]S;fgL bfdf;fxLn] cfufld ;ft jif{dfs§L ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L ;dfg ls:tfdf gf]S;fgLs§L ug]{ lgsfo ;f] k"/} gf]S;fgL s§L gub}{ k'gMljefhg ePdf s§L ePsf] gf]S;fgL afkt s§LePsf] /sddf uflePsf] -dh{/ jf PSo'lhzg_cfly{s ai{fdf sfod /x]sf] s/sf] b/n] s/ ltg'{kg]{5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgsfox?ufleO{ ;DklQ / bfloTjsf] lgM;u{ ePdf b]xfoadf]lhd x'g]5 M–-s_ Jofkfl/s df}Hbft tyfJofj;flos ;DklQsf] lgM;u{sf]xsdf,–-!_ lgM;u{sf] tTsfn cl3 ;f];DklQ afkt ePsf] v"bvr{ a/fa/sf] /sd ;f]lgM;u{ afkt ;f] JolQmn]k|fKt u/]sf] dflgg]5, /-@_ pkv08 -!_ df pNn]v ePa/fa/sf] /sd ;DklQk|fKt ug]{ JolQmsf] nfutk/]sf] dflgg]5 .-v_ x|f;of]Uo ;DklQsf] lgM;u{sf]xsdf,–-!_ lgM;u{ x'Fbfsf jvtcg';"rL–@ sf] bkmf $adf]lhd ;d"xsf] 36\bf]228


k|0ffnLsf] afFsL d"Noa/fa/sf] /sd ;f] lgM;u{afkt k|fKt u/]sf]dflgg]5, /-@_ pkv08 -!_ df pNn]veP a/fa/sf] /sd ;DklQk|fKt ug]{ JolQmsf] nfutk/]sf] dflgg]5 .-u_ bfloTjsf] lgM;u{sf] xsdf,–-!_ lgM;u{sf] tTsfn cl3 ;f]bfloTjsf] ahf/ d"No /v"b cfDbfgLdWo] h'g 36Lx'G5 ;f] a/fa/sf] /sdlgM;u{ afkt ;f] JolQmsf]nfut k/]sf] dflgg]5, /-@_ pkv08 -!_ df pNn]veP a/fa/sf] /sd bfloTjjxg ug]{ JolQmn] ;f]bfloTj jxg u/] afktk|fKt u/]sf] dflgg]5 .-3_ Joj;fo ufEg] lgsfo jfufleP/ sfod ePsf] lgsfon]uflePsf] ;DklQ / bfloTjsf]nfut u0fgf ubf{ ufleg]lgsfoaf6 ;f] uflePsf] Joj;fo;~rfng u/]sf avt -dh{/ jfPSo'lh;g cufl8_ sfod /x]sf;DklQ / bfloTj afktsf] nfutdfq v08 -s_, -v_ / -u_adf]lhd u0fgf ug'{ kg]{5 .-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ufleO{ lgM;u{ePsf] lgsfodf jf ufleP kZrftsf] lgsfodfsfo{/t sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ ;fd"lxs ?kdf ;]jfaf6cjsfz lbg] k|of]hgsf] nflu ul/g] yk Psd'i6e'QmfgLdf -cjsfz sf]if dfk{mt ul/g] e'QmfgLjf sd{rf/L ;]jf zt{df pNn]v eP cg';f/ug'{kg]{ e'QmfgL afx]ssf_ cjsfz e'QmfgLdf229


-#!_s/ s§L ug'{kg]{ b/df krf; k|ltzt 5"6 lbO{e'QmfgLdf s/ s§L ug'{ kg]{5 .-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ufleO{lgM;u{ ePsf] lgsfodf sfod /x]sfz]o/wgLx?n] cfˆgf] z]o/ uflePsf] b'O{ jif{leqcfˆgf] z]o/ laqmLsf] dfWodaf6 lgM;u{ u/]dfTo;/L lgM;u{ ePsf] z]o/df ePsf] nfedfk"FhLut nfe s/ nfUg] 5}g .-%_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ufleO{lgM;u{ ePsf] lgsfon] uflePsf] ldltn] b'O{jif{leq uflePsf] cj:yfdf sfod /x]sf]z]o/wgLnfO{ ljt/0f u/]sf] nfefz+df s/ nfUg]5}g .-^_ pkbkmf -!_ cg';f/ ufleO{ lgM;u{x'g rfxg] lgsfon] ;Djt\ @)&# c;f/d;fGtleq ufleg] cfzokq cfGtl/s /fh:jljefudf lbg' kg]{5 .-&_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd uflegsf]nflu pkbkmf -^_ adf]lhd cfzokq lbg]lgsfox?n] ufleg] k|lqmof ;Djt\ @)&$ c;f/d;fGtleq k"/f ug'{ kg]{5 .-*_ of] Joj:yf k|f/De ePkl5 Pscfk;df ufleO{ o; bkmf adf]lhdsf] ;'ljwfpkof]u gu/]sf lgsfon] ;d]t o;} adf]lhdsf];'ljwf pkof]u ug{ kfpg]5g\ .-(_ pkbkmf -^_ df tf]lsPsf]cjlwleq cfzokq glbg] lgsfo tyf pkbkmf-&_ df pNn]v ePsf] ldlt;Dd ufleg] k|lqmofk"/f gu/]sf] lgsfosf] xsdf of] bkmfsf]Joj:yf nfu" ePsf] dflgg] 5}g .Æbkmf %) sf] pkbkmf -@_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -#_ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-#_ pkbkmf -!_ / -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg cfl>tnfO{ e/0fkf]if0f ug'{ kg]{afl;Gbf ljwjf jf ljw'/nfO{ bDktL ;/x dflgg]5 .Æ-#@_ bkmf %$ sf],–-s_pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -s_ / -v_ sf] ;§f230


]xfosf v08 -s_ / -v_ /flvPsf 5g\ M–æ-s_ s'g} sDkgLsf] z]o/jfnf jf;fem]bf/L kmd{sf] ;fem]bf/nfO{nfef+z ljt/)f u/]df clGtd?kdf s/ s§Lsf] ljlwn] s/nfUg]%, /-v_ cGo lgsfox¿n] ljt/0f u/]dfs/ nfUg] 5}g .Æ-v_ pkbkmf -#_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -#_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-#_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;f] pkbkmf adf]lhd s/s§L eO{ k|fKt ePsf] nfef+z ljt/0f u/]df s/nfUg] 5}g .Æ-u_ pkbkmf -$_ lemlsPsf] 5 .-##_ bkmf %& sf],–-s_pkbkmf -!_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -!s=_ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-!s_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s'g}lgsfosf] krf; k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L:jfldTj kl/jt{gsf] u0fgf ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu;f] lgsfosf] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] :jfldTjnfO{dfq ;dfj]z ul/g]5 M–-s_ s'n :jfldTjsf] Ps k|ltzt jf;f]eGbf a9L :jfldTj u|x0f ug]{z]o/jfnfn] u|x0f u/]sf]:jfldTj, /-v_ s'n :jfldTjsf] Ps k|ltzteGbf sd :jfldTj u|x0f ug]{z]o/jfnfdWo] ;f] lgsfosf] s'n:jfldTjsf] Ps k|ltzteGbfa9L :jfldTj u|x0f ug]{z]o/jfnfsf] ;Da4 JolQmn]u|x0f u/]sf] :jfldTj .Æ-v_ pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -u_ df /x]sf æbkmf %(jf ^)Æ eGg] zAbx¿ lemlsPsf 5g\ .231


-u_pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -3_ df /x]sf æbkmf @$sf] pkbkmf -$_ sf] v08 -v_ adf]lhdÆ eGg]zAbx?sf] ;§f æbkmf @$ sf] pkbkmf -$_adf]lhdÆ eGg] zAbx? /flvPsf 5g\ .-#$_ bkmf %* sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -!_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-!_ s'g} lgsfon] b]xfosf] ;a} cj:yf sfod/fvL u/]sf] k|aGwnfO{ nfef+z s/ 36fpg u/]sf] k|aGw-#%_dflgg]5 M–-s_;f] lgsfosf] ;l~rt, rfn" jf ck]lIftd'gfkmf ePdf,-v_ lxt k|fKt ug]{ s'g} JolQmn] ;f]lgsfosf] s'g} lxt k|fKt u5{ / ;f] lxtk|fKtstf{ jf lghsf] ;Da4 JolQmn] ;f]lgsfosf] xfnsf] jf ;flassf]lxtflwsf/LnfO{ jf lghsf] ;Da4JolQmnfO{ lxt k|flKt;Fu ;DalGwt ePjf geP klg / lxt k|flKtsf] ;dodfe'QmfgL eP jf geP klg s'g} e'QmfgLu/]sf]df,-u_-3_bkmf %( sf],–-s_;f] e'QmfgL k"0f{ jf cf+lzs ?kdflgsfosf] d'gfkmfdf k|ltlalDat ePdf,/;f] lgsfon] ;f] lxt k|fKtstf{nfO{nfef+z ljt/0f u/]sf]df / ;f] nfef+zn]k"0f{ jf cf+lzs ?kn] ;f] d'gfkmfnfO{;dfj]z u/]df .Æpkbkmf -!_ kl5 b]xfosf pkbkmf -!s_, -!v_/ -!u_ ylkPsf 5g\ M–æ-!s_ g]kfn /fi6« a}+Ín] tf]s]sf]dfkb08sf] cwLgdf /xL a+}lsË Joj;fo;~rfng ug]{ JolQmn] hf]lvd Joxf]g]{ sf]ifdf/fv]sf] c;'n x'g afFsL C0f /sd tyf u}/a} +lsË ;DklQ jfkt Joj:yf ul/Psf] /sd;d]tsf] kfFr k|ltzt;Ddsf] /sdnfO{ vr{sf]¿kdf s§L ul/g]5 .232


-#^_-#&_-!v_ ;xsf/L ;+:yfn] hf]lvdJoxf]g]{ sf]ifdf /fv]sf] c;'n x'g af‘sL C0f/sdsf] kfFr k|ltzt;Ddsf] /sdnfO{ vr{sf]?kdf s§L ul/g]5 .-!u_ pkbkmf -!s_ / -!v_ adf]lhdhf]lvd Joxf]g]{ sf]if sfod /x]sf] cj:yfdfgp7\g] cf;fdL egL d'gfkmfaf6 vr{ n]lvPdfldGxf x'g] 5}g / ;f] sf]ifdf /x]sf] /sdk"‘hLs[t ul/Pdf jf d'gfkmf jf nfef+zaf‘8kmf‘8 ul/Pdf h'g jif{ afF8kmfF8 ul/Psf] 5;f]xL jif{sf] cfodf ;dfj]z ul/g]5 .Æ-v_ pkbkmf -@_ / -#_ lemlsPsf 5g\ .bkmf ^) sf],–-s_pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -v_ sf] pkv08 -@_ kl5b]xfosf] pkv08 -#_ ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-#_ hf]lvd Joxf]g]{ sf]ifdf /fv]sf] b]xfoadf]lhdsf] /sdsf] of]u M–-s_ s'g} jif{sf] gfkmf gf]S;fglx;fadf b]vfOPsf] v"b aLdfz'Nssf] krf; k|ltzt;Ddsf]/sd, /-v_ s'g} jif{sf] cGTodf bfaL e'QmfgLafkt afFsL /sdsf] Ps;o kGw|k|ltzt;Ddsf] /sd .t/ o; pkv08adf]lhd s'g} jif{ vr{s§L lnPsf]/sd cfufld cfo jif{df aLdfJoj;fosf] cfo u0fgf ubf{cfodf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .Æ-v_ pkbkmf -#_ / -$_ lemlsPsf 5g\ .bkmf ^! sf],–-s_pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -v_ sf] pkv08 -@_ sf];§f b]xfosf] pkv08 -@_ /flvPsf] 5 M–æ-@_ aLldtnfO{ lkmtf{ ePsf] v08 -s_ sf]pkv08 -!_ df plNnlvt lk|ldod .Æ233


-#*_-#(_-v_ pkbkmf -#_ df /x]sf ævr{x¿df ;dfj]z ug'{kg]{5Æ eGg] zAbx¿sf] ;§f ævr{ dflgg] 5}gÆeGg] zAbx¿ /flvPsf 5g\ .bkmf ^# sf],–-s_-v_pkbkmf -!_ df b]xfosf] k|ltaGwfTds jfSof+zylkPsf] 5 M–æt/ gful/s nufgL sf]if P]g, @)$&adf]lhd :yfkgf ePsf] gful/s nufgL sf]ifn]cjsfz sf]if /fVg rfx]df To:tf] sf]ifn] /sd{rf/L ;~ro sf]if P]g, @)!( adf]lhd:yfkgf ePsf] sd{rf/L ;~ro sf]ifn] cjsfzsf]if ;~rfng u/]df To:tf] sf]ifsf] nflu:jLs[lt lng' kg]{ 5}g .Æpkbkmf -@_ df /x]sf æcfoaf6 36fO{ kfpgbfaL ug{ ;Sg]5Æ eGg] zAbx¿sf] ;§f æcfosf]u0fgf ubf{ 36fO{ kfpg bfaL ug{ ;Sg]5Æ eGg]zAbx¿ /flvPsf 5g\ .bkmf ^$ sf] pkbkmf -#_ df /x]sf æsDkgLnfO{ nfUg]ÆeGg] zAbx¿sf] ;§f æcg';"rL–! sf] bkmf @ sf] pkbkmf-!_ df plNnlvtÆ eGg] zAbx¿ /flvPsf 5g\ .-$)_ bkmf ^% sf],–-s_ pkbkmf -!_ df /x]sf ælxtaf6 ePsf]Æ eGg]zAbx¿kl5 æjf g]kfn ;/sf/af6 ePsf] cjsfze'QmfgLÆ eGg] zAbx¿ ylkPsf 5g\ .-v_ :ki6Ls/0fsf] cGtdf b]xfosf] k|ltaGwfTdsjfSof+z ylkPsf] 5 M–æt/ lxtflwsf/Lsf] of]ubfg gx'g] s'g}sf]if -gg\ s06«La'6/L km08_ af6 ePsf]e'QmfgLnfO{ :jLs[lt glnPsf] cjsfz sf]ifdf/x]sf] lxt afkt ePsf] nfe dflgg] 5}g .Æ-$!_-$@_bkmf ^& sf] pkbkmf -^_ sf] v08 -em_ sf] pkv08 -@_df /x]sf æ;f] sfo{x¿Æ eGg] zAbx¿sf] ;§f æ/f]huf/ÆeGg] zAb /flvPsf] 5 .bkmf &! df /x]sf] :ki6Ls/0fsf] v08 -v_ sf] ;§fb]xfosf] v08 -v_ /flvPsf] 5 M–æ-v_ æg]kfnsf] s/sf] cf};t b/Æ eGgfn] s'g} cfojif{df s'g} ljb]zL s/ ldnfg ug'{ cufj}sf] bkmf234


-$#_# sf] v08 -s_ df plNnlvt JolQmn] ;f] jif{dfbflvnf ug'{ kg]{ s/sf] /sdnfO{ ;f] JolQmsf] ;f]cfo jif{sf] s/of]Uo cfon] efu u/L x'g cfpg]/sdnfO{ Ps ;on] u'0fg ubf{ x'g cfpg] b/;D´g' k5{ .Æbkmf &@ sf] pkbkmf -@_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -@_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df plNnlvt ljefusf]lhDd]jf/L k"/f ug]{ sfo{df ;3fp k'¥ofpg g]kfn;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L ljefudftxtdf 7"nf s/bftf sfof{no, dWod :t/Lo s/bftfsfof{no, cfGtl/s /fh:j sfof{no jf s/bftf ;]jfsfof{no :yfkgf ug{ / tL sfof{nosf] sfo{If]q tf]Sg;Sg]5 . o;/L sfo{If]q tf]lsPsf] sfof{no ljefus}cËsf] ?kdf /xg] 5g\ .Æ-$$_ bkmf &$ sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -!_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-!_ s/bftfn] o; P]g adf]lhdsf st{Jox¿kfngf ug'{ kg]{5 .Æ-$%_ bkmf && sf] pkbkmf -@_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -#_ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-#_ ljefun] s'g} JolQmn] ljefudf k]z ug'{kg]{ ;"rgf jf ljj/0f jf sfuhft ljB'tLo dfWodaf6k]z ug{' kg]{ u/L tf]Sg ;Sg]5 .Æ-$^_bkmf &* sf],–-s_pkbkmf -!_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -!_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-!_ o; P]gsf] cwLgdf /xL s'g}JolQmsf] klxrfg ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu ljefun];f] JolQmnfO{ :yfoL n]vf gDa/ hf/L ug]{5 .t/ ljefuaf6 :jLs[lt k|fKt lgsfon]o; P]gsf] k|lqmof k'¥ofO{ o:tf] :yfoL n]vfgDa/ k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L hf/L ul/Psf]:yfoL n]vf gDa/ k|fKt ug]{ s/bftfn] ljefun]tf]s]sf] cjlw;Dd k}7f/L lgof{tsf] sf/f]af/ ug{;Sg] 5}g .Æ-v_ pkbkmf -#_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -#_ /flvPsf]235


5 M—æ-#_ ljefun] s'g} JolQmnfO{ :yfoL n]vfgDa/ b]vfpg kg]{ jf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{ cj:yftf]Sg ;Sg]5 .Æ-u_ pkbkmf -#_ kl5 b]xfosf pkbkmf -$_ / -%_ylkPsf 5g\ M–æ-$_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf]eP tfklg pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] JolQmn]sf/f]af/ ug'{eGbf klxn] :yfoL n]vf gDa/ lng'kg]{5 .-%_ pkbkmf -!_, -@_, -#_ jf -$_ dfh'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg :yfoL n]vfgDa/ glnPsf] sf/0faf6 s'g} JolQmn] s/sf]bfloTjaf6 k'm;{b kfpg] 5}g .Æ-$&_ bkmf *! sf],–-s_ pkbkmf -@_ df /x]sf] æsDtLdfÆ eGg] zAblemlsPsf] 5 .-v_ pkbkmf -#_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -$_ ylkPsf]5 M–æ-$_ s'g} JolQmn] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd/fVg' kg]{ sfuhftx¿ ljB'tLo dfWodaf6 /fVgkfpg] u/L ljefun] :jLs[lt lbg ;Sg]5 .Æ-$*_ bkmf *% sf] pkbkmf -!_ df /x]sf æa'emfpg' kg]{5ÆeGg] zAbx¿kl5 æ/ To;/L ltg'{ kg]{ s/ ljB'tLodfWodaf6 ;d]t ltg'{ kg]{ u/L ljefun] tf]Sg ;Sg]5ÆeGg] zAbx¿ ylkPsf 5g\ .-$(_bkmf ** sf],–-s_pkbkmf -!_ df /x]sf æ;]jf z'Ns e'QmfgL ubf{/ ;f] JolQm :jLs[t cjsfz sf]if ePdf s'g}ÆeGg] zAbx¿sf] ;§f æ;]jf z'Ns, sldzg,laqmL jf]g;, cjsfz e'QmfgL / cGo s'g}k|ltkmn tyfÆ eGg] zAbx¿ /fvL ;f]xLpkbkmfsf] k|ltaGwfTds jfSof+zsf] ;§fb]xfosf] k|ltaGwfTds jfSof+z /flvPsf] 5 M–æt/ b]xfosf] e'QmfgLdf b]xfosf b/n] s/s§L ug'{ kg]{5 M–-!_ g]kfn ;/sf/ jf :jLs[t cjsfz236


-v_sf]ifaf6 ePsf] cjsfz e'QmfgLsf]xsdf bkmf ^% sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf]v08 -v_ adf]lhd u0fgf ul/Psf]nfedf kfFr k|ltztsf b/n],-@_ afl;Gbf /f]huf/ sDkgLn] u}/ afl;GbfJolQmnfO{ e'QmfgL u/]sf] sldzgdfkfFr k|ltztsf b/n],-#_ jfo'ofgsf] lnh -k§f_ afktsf] /sde'QmfgL ubf{ bz k|ltztsf b/n],-$_ d"No clej[l4 s/df btf{ ePsf];]jfk|bfos afl;Gbf JolQm jf d"Noclej[l4 s/ 5'6sf] sf/f]af/ ug]{afl;Gbf lgsfonfO{ e'QmfgL u/]sf] ;]jfz'Nsdf e'QmfgL /sdsf] Ps bzdnakfFr k|ltztsf b/n],-%_ afl;Gbf JolQmn] g]kfndf ;|f]t ePsf]ef8f e'QmfgL u/]sf]df bz k|ltztsfb/n],t/ d"No clea[l4 s/df btf{eO{ ;jf/L ;fwg ef8fdf lbg] Joj;foug]{ JolQmnfO{ To:tf] ;jf/L ;fwgsf]ef8f afkt e'QmfgL ug]{ /sddf Psbzdna kfFr k|ltztn] s/ s§L ug'{kg]{5 .-^_ ;fd"lxs nufgL sf]if -Do'r'cn km08_af6 k|fs[lts JolQmnfO{ lat/0f ul/g]k|ltkmn /sd e'QmfgLdf % k|ltztsfb/n] .Æpkbkmf -@_ / -#_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf pkbkmf -@_/ -#_ /flvPsf] 5g\ M–æ-@_ afl;Gbf JolQmn] g]kfndf ;|f]tePsf] b]xfosf e'QmfgL ubf{ b]xfosf b/n]s/s§L ug'{ kg]{5 M–-s_nfef+z e'QmfgL u/]sf]dfe'QmfgL /sdsf] kfFrk|ltzt,237


-v_ nufgL aLdfsf] nfee'QmfgL ubf{ e'QmfgL/sdsf] kfFr k|ltzt jf-u_:jLs[lt glnPsf] cjsfzsf]ifaf6 nfe e'QmfgL ubf{nfe /sdsf] kfFrk|ltzt .-#_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf]eP tfklg afl;Gbf a}Í, ljQLo ;+:yf jf C0fkqhf/L ug]{ cGo s'g} lgsfo jf k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd ;"lrs[t ePsf sDkgLn] s'g} k|fs[ltsJolQmnfO{ lgIf]k, C0fkq, l8j]~r/ tyf ;/sf/La08 afkt b]xfo adf]lhdsf] Aofh jf Aofhafktsf] s'g} /sd e'QmfgL lbFbf s'n e'QmfgL/sddf kfFr k|ltztsf b/n] s/s§L ug'{kg]{5 M–-s_ g]kfndf ;|f]t ePsf], /-v_ Joj;fo ;~rfng;Fu ;DalGwtgePsf] .Æ-u_ pkbkmf -$_ sf],–-!_ v08 -s_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08 -s_ /flvPsf]5 M–-s_ æk|fs[lts JolQmn] u/]sf] Joj;fo;~rfng;‘u ;DalGwt jfx]ssfcGo s'g} e'QmfgL .Æ-@_ v08 -s_ kl5 b]xfosf v08 -s!_ ylkPsf]5 M–æ-s!_ kqklqsfdf k|sflzt n]v /rgfafktsf] e'QmfgL / k|Zgkq tof/u/] jf pQ/ k'l:tsf hfFr u/]afktsf] e'QmfgL .Æ-#_ v08 -u_ kl5 b]xfosf v08 -3_ / -ª_ylkPsf 5g\ M–æ-3_ qm]l86 sf8{ hf/L ug]{ a}ÍnfO{ lt/]sf]O06/l/hgn O06/r]Gh z'Ns,238


-ª_ ;fd"lxs nufgL sf]if -Do'r'cnkm08_ nfO{ e'QmfgL ul/Psf] nfef+z/ Jofh .Æ-%)_ bkmf ** kl5 b]xfosf] bkmf **s= ylkPsf] 5 M–æ**s= cfsl:ds nfedf s/s§L M -!_ cfsl:ds nfeafktsf] e'QmfgLdf kRrL; k|ltztsf b/n]s/s§L ug'{ kg]{5 .t/ ;flxTo, snf, ;+:s[lt, v]ns"b,kqsfl/tf, lj1fg, k|ljlw tyf ;fj{hlgsk|zf;g If]qdf of]ubfg k'¥ofP afkt k|fKt x'g]/fli6«o / cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf k'/:sf/df g]kfn;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/Lcfsl:ds nfe s/ gnfUg] u/L 5"6 lbg;Sg]5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;flxTo, snf, ;+:s[lt,v]ns"b, kqsfl/tf, lj1fg, k|ljlw tyf;fj{hlgs k|zf;g If]qdf of]ubfg k'¥ofP afktk|fKt x'g] /fli6«o / cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf kf‘r nfv?k}ofF;Ddsf] k'/:sf/df cfsl:ds nfe s/nfUg] 5}g .Æ-%!_ bkmf *( sf],–-s_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -!_ /flvPsf] 5 M–æ-!_ afl;Gbf JolQmn] 7]Ssf jf s/f/ afktkrf; xhf/ ?k}ofFeGbf a9Lsf] /sd e'QmfgL lbFbfe'QmfgLsf] s'n /sddf Ps bzdna kfFrk|ltztsf b/n] s/s§L ug'{ kg]{5 .Æ-v_ pkbkmf -#_ sf] v08 -s_, -v_ / -u_ sf] ;§fb]xfosf v08 -s_, -v_ / -u_ /flvPsf 5g\ M–æ-s_ jfo'ofg dd{t tyf cGo 7]Ssf jfs/f/df kfFr k|ltzt,-v_ u}/ afl;Gbf aLdf sDkgLnfO{ lk|ldode'QmfgL ubf{ Ps bzdnj kfFr k|ltzt,-u_ v08 -s_ jf -v_ df n]lvPb]lv afx]sljefun] ;f] afl;Gbf JolQmnfO{ lnlvt;"rgf lbPsf]df ;f] ;"rgfdf plNnlvtb/df .Æ239


-%@_-u_ pkbkmf -$_ sf] v08 -s_ / -v_ sf] ;§f b]xfosfv08 -s_ / -v_ /flvPsf 5g\ M–æ-s_ Joj;fo ;~rfng ul//x]sf] afx]s cGok|fs[lts JolQmnfO{ g]kfndf ;|f]t ePsf]hUuf jf 3/ / 3/df hl8t ;fdfg tyfpks/0f afkt lt/]sf] ef8f afx]ssf] cGos'g} e'QmfgL,Æ-v_ s/ 5"6 lbOPsf] e'QmfgL jf bkmf *& jf** adf]lhd s/ s§L ug'{ kg]{ e'QmfgL .Æ-3_ bkmf *( df b]xfosf] :ki6Ls/0f ylkPsf] 5 M–æ:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æ7]Ssfjf s/f/Æ eGgfn] s'g} j:t' jf >ldssf] cfk"lt{ jfd"t{ ;DklQ jf ;+/rgfsf] lgdf{0f jf h8fg jf:yfkgf ug]{ ;DaGwdf ul/Psf] s/f/ jf ;Demf}tftyf ljefun] 7]Ssf jf s/f/ egL tf]s]sf] sfo{nfO{;Demg' k5{ / To:tf] s/f/ jf ;Demf}tfn] lgdf{0f jfh8fg jf :yfkgf;Fu ;DalGwt ;]jf ;d]tnfO{;d]6]sf] eP ;f] ;]jf afktsf] e'QmfgL ;d]t s/f/cGtu{tsf] e'QmfgLnfO{ hgfpF5 .Æbkmf () sf],–-s_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -!_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-!_ clu|d s/s§L ug'{ kg]{ k|To]sJolQmn] k|To]s dlxgf ;dfKt ePsf] kRrL;lbgleq ljefun] tf]s]sf] t/Lsf / 9fFrfdfljefudf ljj/0f bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 .Æ-v_ pkbkmf -$_ df /x]sf] ækGw| lbgleqÆ eGg]zAbx?sf] ;§f ækRrL; lbgleqÆ eGg] zAbx?/flvPsf 5g\ .-u_ pkbkmf -$_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -$s_ ylkPsf]5 M–æ-$s_ pkbkmf -$_ df h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg k|fs[lts JolQmsf]Joj;fo;Fu ;DjlGwt gePsf] 3/ jxfn cfodfnfUg] s/ rfn' jif{sf] c;f/ d;fGtleq / P]gsf]bkmf $ sf] pkbkmf -$s_ adf]lhd sf/f]af/sf]cfwf/df s/ ltg]{ JolQmn] kl/R5]b !& adf]lhd240


-%#_-%$_s6[f ul/Psf] clu|d s/ ls:tfjGbL s/ ltg]{;dodf bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 .Æ-3_ pkbkmf -%_ df /x]sf] æb]xfo adf]lhd clu|ds/s§L ug]{ JolQmn] s/s§L gu/]df jf bflvnfgu/]df ;f] s/s§L x'g] JolQmÆ eGg] zAbx¿sf];§f æb]xfo adf]lhdsf] cj:yfdf clu|d s/s§Lx'g] JolQmÆ eGg] zAbx¿ /flvPsf 5g\ .-ª_ pkbkmf -&_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -*_ ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-*_ s'g} JolQmn] pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_adf]lhd bflvn ug'{ kg]{ ljj/0f jf s/ bflvnfgu/]sf] jf s'g} JolQmsf] ;DaGwdf pkbkmf -%_sf] cj:yf /x]sf] s'/fdf ljefu ljZj:t ePdfbflvn gu/]sf] jf 36L bflvnf u/]sf] /sd /bkmf !!( adf]lhdsf] Aofh bflvnf ug{ cfb]zlbg ;Sg]5 .t/ To:tf] cfb]z lbg'eGbf klxn] plrtsf/0f vf]nL ;f] cfb]zsf ;DaGwdf ;kmfOsf];a't k|df0f k]z ug{ !% lbgsf] Dofb lbO{lnlvt ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 .Æbkmf (! sf] pkbkmf -@_ df /x]sf ækGw| lbgleqÆ eGg]zAbx?sf] ;§f ækRrL; lbgleqÆ eGg] zAbx?/flvPsf 5g\ .bkmf (@ sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf],–-s_ v08 -u_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08 -u_ /flvPsf]5 M–æ-u_afl;Gbf JolQmn] nufgL aLdf afkte'QmfgL u/]sf] nfe .Æ-v_ v08 -ª_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08 -ª_ /flvPsf]5 M–æ-ª_bkmf ** sf] pkbkmf -#_ df plNnlvta} +Í, ljQLo ;+:yf jf C0fkq hf/L ug]{cGo s'g} lgsfo jf k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd ;"lrs[t ePsf sDkgL jf;xsf/Ln] e'QmfgL lbPsf] b]xfoadf]lhdsf] Aofh M–-!_ g]kfndf ;|f]t ePsf] /Joj;fo ;~rfng;Fu ;DalGwt241


-%%_-%^_gePsf] k|fs[lts JolQmnfO{e'QmfgL u/]sf],-@_ bkmf @ sf] v08 -w_adf]lhdsf] s/ 5"6 kfpg];+:yfnfO{ e'QmfgL u/]sf] .Æ-u_ v08 -r_ kl5 b]xfosf v08 -5_, -h_, -em_ /-`_ ylkPsf 5g\ M–æ-5_ g]kfn ;/sf/ jf :jLs[t cjsfz sf]if jf:jLs[lt glnPsf] cjsfz sf]ifaf6 e'QmfgLul/Psf] cjsfz e'QmfgL ;d]t ;a}k|sf/sf cjsfz e'QmfgL -lgoldt ?kdfe'QmfgL x'g] lga[lQe/0f afx]s_,-h_ a}7s eQf, k6s] ?kdf cWofkg u/fPafktsf] e'QmfgL,-em_ cfsl:ds nfe afktsf] e'QmfgL,-`_ ;fd'lxs nufgL sf]if -Do'r'cn km08_ af6k|fs[lts JolQmnfO{ lat/0f ul/g] k|ltkmn/sd .Ækl/R5]b !* sf] kl/R5]b zLif{sdf /x]sf] æls:tfaGbLÆeGg] zAbkl5 æ/ clu|d s/Æ eGg] zAbx? ylkPsf5g\ .bkmf ($ sf],–-s_pkbkmf -!_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -!_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-!_ s'g} Joj;fo jf nufgLaf6 s'g}cfo jif{df lgwf{/0fof]Uo cfo ePsf] jf x'g]JolQmn] b]xfo adf]lhd tLg ls:tfdf s/bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 M–bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ ldlt bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ s//sdk'; dlxgfsf] cGTo;Dd cg'dflgtrfnL;s/sf]k|ltzt/sddWo] ltg{ afFsLs/ /sd242


}t dlxgfsf] cGTo;Dd cg'dflgt s/sf] ;Q/Lk|ltzt /sddWo] ltg{afFsL s/ /sdc;f/ dlxgfsf]cGTo;Dd:ki6Ls/0f M o; pkbkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu,–-s_-v_243cg'dflgt s/sf] ztk|ltzt /sddWo] ltg{afFsL s/ /sdæcg'dflgt s/Æ eGgfn] ls:tfaGbLdfs/ bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ s'g} JolQmn] s'g}jif{sf] ls:tfaGbL s/ bflvnf ug'{ kg]{;dodf bkmf (% adf]lhd u0fgfu/]sf] ls:tfaGbLsf] cg'dflgt s/;D´g' k5{ .æltg{ afFsL s/ /sdÆ eGgfn]cg'dflgt s/sf] o; pkbkmfdfls:tfdf bflvnf ug{ tf]lsPsf]k|ltztn] x'g] /sdaf6 b]xfosf] s'nhDdf /sd 36fpFbf gk'u x'g] /sd;D´g' k5{ M–-!_ ;DalGwt ls:tf bflvnfug'{ kg]{ ldlt cufl8 o;bkmf adf]lhd k"j{ls:tfåf/f ;f] cfo jif{dfbflvnf u/]sf] s/ /sd,-@_;f] cfo jif{df ;DalGwtls:tf bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ ldltcufl8 s'g} JolQmsf]kl/R5]b–!& adf]lhd ;f]jif{df ;f] JolQmsf] cfou0fgf ubf{ ;dfj]z x'g]e'QmfgLaf6 s§L ePsf] s//sd,-#_ ls:tf a'´fpg' kg]{ldlteGbf cufl8 ;f] jif{dfs/s§L ug]{ Ph]06 jf


-v_s/s§L x'g] JolQmn] pkv08-@_ df plNnlvte'QmfgLaf6 bkmf () sf]pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhds/s§L ePsf] dflgg] /sdljefudf bflvnf u/]sf] ePTo:tf] s/ /sd, /-$_ ls:tf a'´fpg' kg]{ldlteGbf cufl8 ;f]JolQmn] u/]sf] :jLs[tcf}ifwL pkrf/ vr{sf];DaGwdf ;f] JolQmn] bkmf%! adf]lhd bfaL ug{ ;Sg]cf}ifwL pkrf/ vr{sf] s/ldnfg /sd .pkbkmf -!_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -!s_ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-!s_ sf/f]af/sf] cfwf/df s/ ltg]{JolQmn] b]xfo adf]lhd b'O{ ls:tfdf s/bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 M–bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ ldlt bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ s//sdk'; dlxgfsf] cGTo;Dd k'; @) ut];Ddsf]sf/f]af/df tf]lsPsf]b/ cg';f/ nfUg]s/c;f/ dlxgfsf] c;f/ @) ut]cGTo;Dd;Ddsf] oyfy{sf/f]af/sf] cfwf/dfc;f/ dlxgfsf]cGTo;Dd x'g]sf/f]af/ cg'dfgu/L tf]lsPsf] b/cg';f/ nfUg] s/sf]u0fgf u/L ;f] s//sdaf6 k';244


-%&_-u_bkmf (% sf],–-s_-v_d;fGtleq bflvnfu/]sf] s/ 36fO{ x'gcfpg] s/ /sd .pkbkmf -@_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -@_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;f] pkbkmf adf]lhda'emfpg' kg]{ ;du| ls:tfsf] hDdf /sd kfFrxhf/ ?k}ofFeGbf sd ePdf To:tf] ls:tfsf]/sd a'emfpg' kg]{ 5}g .Æpkbkmf -!_ df /x]sf æ;f]sf] ljj/0fÆ eGg]zAbx¿kl5 æljefuaf6Æ eGg] zAb ylkPsf]5 .pkbkmf -&_ df /x]sf æjf pkbkmf -^_ adf]lhds/sf] ls:tf a'emfpg s'g} JolQmn] cg'dfg k]zug'{ gkg]{ u/L tf]lsPsf]dfÆ eGg] zAbx¿lemlsPsf 5g\ .-%*_ bkmf (% kl5 b]xfosf] bkmf (%s= ylkPsf] 5 M–æ(%s= clu|d s/ c;'n ug]{ M -!_ sdf]l86L ˆo'r/dfs]{6 cGtu{t Jofkf/ ug]{ JolQmaf6 ;f]Joj;foaf6 k|fKt ug]{ d'gfkmf / nfedf bzk|ltztsf b/n] x'g] /sd sdf]l86L ˆo"r/dfs]{6 ;]jf ;~rfng ug]{ lgsfon] clu|d s/c;'n ug'{ kg]{5 .-@_ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ eO{lwtf]kqsf] v/Lb laqmLsf] sf/f]af/ ug]{ afl;Gbflgsfo afx]s cGo s'g} JolQmnfO{ s'g} afl;Gbflgsfodf /x]sf] lxtsf] lgM;u{af6 nfe x'guPdf bkmf #& adf]lhd u0fgf ul/Psf] To:tf]nfedf b]xfo adf]lhd clu|d s/ c;'n ug'{kg]{5 M–-s_ g]kfn lwtf]kq af]8{df;"rLs/0f ePsf] lgsfosf]lxtsf] lgM;u{af6 k|fKtnfesf] xsdf lwtf]kq245


ljlgdo ahf/sf] sfo{ ug]{lgsfon] afl;Gbf k|fs[ltsJolQmsf] xsdf nfe /sdsf]kfFr k|ltzt / cGosf] xsdfnfe /sdsf] bz k|ltztsfb/n],-v_ g]kfn lwtf]kq af]8{df;"rLs/0f gePsf] lgsfosf]lxtsf] lgM;u{af6 k|fKtnfesf] xsdf h'g lgsfosf]lxt lgM;u{ ePsf] xf] ;f]xLlgsfon] afl;Gbf k|fs[ltsJolQmsf] xsdf nfe /sdsf]bz k|ltzt / cGosf] xsdfnfe /sdsf] kGw| k|ltztsfb/n],t/ ;fd'lxs nufgL sf]if -Do'r'cnkm08_ åf/f nufgL ul/Psf] lxtsf] lgM;u{sf]xsdf eg] of] pkbkmf nfu" x'g] 5}g .-#_ s'g} k|fs[lts JolQmsf] hUuf jflghL ejg lgM;u{ afkt ePsf] k"FhLut nfedfdfnkf]t sfof{non] /lh:6]«zgsf jvt b]xfoadf]lhd clu|d s/ c;'n ug'{ kg]{5 M–-s_ lgM;u{ ePsf] u}/ Joj;floss/of]Uo ;DklQ -hUuf tyfejg_ sf] :jfldTj kfFr jif{jf ;f]eGbf a9L ePsf] 5 eg]b'O{ bzdnj kfFr k|ltztsfb/n],-v_ lgM;u{ ePsf] u}/ Joj;floss/of]Uo ;DklQ -hUuf tyfejg_ sf] :jfldTj kfFrjif{eGbf sd ePsf] 5 eg]kfFr k|ltztsf b/n] .-$_ pkbkmf -!_, -@_ / -#_ adf]lhdclu|d s/ c;'n ug'{ kg]{ JolQm jf lgsfon]246


-%(_clu|d s/ c;'n gu/]sf] eP klg c;'n x'g'kg]{ ;dodf ;f] s/ c;'n u/]sf] dflgg] 5 .-%_ clu|d s/ c;'n ug'{ kg]{ JolQmn]k|To]s dlxgf ;dfKt ePsf] kRrL; lbgleqljefun] tf]s]sf] t/Lsf / 9fFrfdf ljefudfljj/0f bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 .-^_pkbkmf -%_ df plNnlvtljj/0f;Fu clu|d s/ c;'n ul/Psf] /sd jfpkbkmf -#_ sf] v08 -s_ adf]lhd c;'n u/]sf]dflgPsf] /sd ;f]xL pkbkmf adf]lhdsf]Dofbleq ljefudf bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 .-&_ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] cj:yfdf clu|ds/ bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ / c;'n ug'{ kg]{ JolQmb'j}hgf ;+o'Qm ?kdf / 5'§f5'§} ?kdf ;f] s//sd ljefudf bflvnf ug{ lhDd]jf/ x'g]5g\ M–-s_ clu|d s/ c;'n ug'{ kg]{JolQmn] clu|d s/ c;'ngu/]df, /-v_ clu|d s/ c;'n ug'{ kg]{JolQmn] pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhdc;'n u/]sf] dflgg] /sdpkbkmf -^_ adf]lhd ljefudfbflvnf gu/]df .-*_ pkbkmf -&_ adf]lhd clu|d s/bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ JolQmn] pkbkmf -%_ dfplNnlvt Dofb ;dfKt ePsf] kRrL; lbgleq;f] s/ bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 .-(_ clu|d s/ c;'n ug'{ kg]{ JolQmn]c;'n gu/]sf] clu|d s/ pkbkmf -^_ adf]lhdljefudf bflvnf u/]sf] eP ;f] bflvnf ePsf]s/ /sd a/fa/sf] /sd ;f] s/ bflvnf ug'{kg]{ JolQmaf6 c;'n pk/ ug{ kfpg]5 .-!)_ o; bkmf adf]lhd bflvnful/Psf] clu|d s/ bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ JolQmn]ltg'{ kg]{ aflif{s s/ bfloTjdf 36fpg kfpg]5 .Æbkmf (^ sf] pkbkmf -@_ sf],–247


-s_ v08 -s_ sf] pkv08 -$_ / -%_ lemlsPsf5g\ .-v_ v08 -u_ sf] pkv08 -!_ lemlsPsf] 5 .-^)_ bkmf (& sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf (& /flvPsf] 5 M–æ(& cfo ljj/0f bflvnf ug{ gkg]{ M -!_ ljefun]lnlvt ?kdf cfb]z lbPdf jf ;fj{hlgs ?kdf;"rgf k|sflzt u/L cfb]z lbPdf afx]sb]xfosf s'g} klg JolQmn] bkmf (^ adf]lhds'g} cfo jif{sf] cfo ljj/0f k]z ug'{ kg]{5}g M–-s_ ;f] cfo jif{df bkmf # sf] v08 -s_df plNnlvt JolQmdWo] s/ ltg'{gkg]{ s'g} JolQm,-v_ ;f] cfo jif{df bkmf # sf] v08 -u_df plNnlvt JolQm,-u_ ;f] cfo jif{df bkmf $ sf] pkbkmf-#_ cfslif{t x'g] s'g} afl;Gbfk|fs[lts JolQm, jf-3_ cg';"rL–! sf] bkmf ! sf] pkbkmf-!#_ adf]lhd s/ bflvnf ug]{ ;jf/L;fwg wgL k|fs[lts JolQm ePdfTo:tf] k|fs[lts JolQm .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg k|fs[lts JolQmsf] s'g}cfo jif{df rfln; nfv ?k}ofFeGbf a9L cfoePdf P]gsf] bkmf (^ adf]lhd cfo ljj/0fk]z ug{' kg]{5 .-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd ljj/0f k]zug'{ kg]{ JolQmn] ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{ cfosf]cltl/Qm P]gsf] bkmf % sf] v08 -3_, bkmf &sf] pkbkmf -#_, bkmf * sf] pkbkmf -#_ sf]v08 -s_, bkmf ( sf] pkbkmf # sf] v08 -s_/ bkmf !! adf]lhdsf] Joj;flos 5'6;'ljwfaf6 k|fKt cfo ;d]t ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .248


t/ a}7s eQf / Jofh cfo ;dfa]zug'{ kg]{ 5}g .-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd sfod ePsf]cfoaf6 P]gsf] bkmf # sf] v08 -u_ sf] cfo /bkmf !! cg';f/ s/ 5'6 k|fKt cfo 36fpg'kg]{5 .t/ a}7s eQf / Jofh cfo 36fpg'kg]{ 5}g .-%_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd k]z ug'{ kg]{cfo ljj/0fsf] 9fFrf cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefun]tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 .Æ-^!_ bkmf !)) sf] pkbkmf -@_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -@_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg bkmf (^ sf] pkbkmf -%_ df plNnlvt cj:yfdfljefun] s'g} cfo jif{ jf ;f] jif{sf] c+zsf] nflu bkmf (^sf] pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -s_ sf] pkv08 -!_, -@_, /-#_ df plNnlvt /sdsf] cfwf/df Gofof]lrt ?kn] ;f]JolQmsf] s/ lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .Æ-^@_ bkmf !)! sf] pkbkmf -^_ df /x]sf æ;ft lbgsf]Æ eGg]zAbx¿sf] ;§f ækGw| lbgsf]Æ eGg] zAbx¿ /flvPsf5g\ .-^#_ bkmf !)^ sf] pkbkmf -!_ df /x]sf æs/ ljefun]Æ eGg]zAbx¿sf] ;§f æljefun]Æ eGg] zAb /flvPsf] 5 .-^$_ bkmf !!) kl5 b]xfosf] bkmf !!)s= ylkPsf] 5 M–æ!!)s= ls:tfaGbLdf aSof}tf s/ c;'nL M bkmf !!!adf]lhd d'2f rnfpg' cufj} s'g} JolQmn] ltg]{aSof}tf /sd ls:tfaGbLdf ltg{ lnlvt cg'/f]wu/]df s/ clws[tn] dgfl;j Dofb lbO{ls:tfaGbLdf ltg{ :jLs[lt lbg ;Sg]5 .-^%_ bkmf !!# sf] pkbkmf -#_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -#_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-#_ s'g} JolQmn] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd /sdlkmtf{ kfpg tf]lsP adf]lhd ljefudf lgj]bg lbPdfljefun] lgj]bg k/]sf] ldltn] ;f7L lbgleq To:tf]/sd lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{5 .Æ-^^_ bkmf !!$ sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf],–249


-^&_-s_ v08 -s_ kl5 b]xfosf] v08 -s!_ ylkPsf]5 M–æ-s!_ bkmf () sf] pkbkmf -*_ adf]lhdul/Psf] lg0f{o jf lbOPsf] cfb]z,-v_ v08 -ª_ df /x]sf æs/sf] lgwf{/0fÆ eGg]zAbx¿kl5 æjf bkmf !)% sf] pkbkmf -%_adf]lhdsf] lnnfd laqmL vr{sf] lgwf{/0fÆ eGg]zAbx¿ ylkPsf 5g\ .bkmf !!% sf],–-s_ pkbkmf -^_ df /x]sf æltg'{ kg]{ s/sf] krf;k|ltztÆ eGg] zAbx¿sf] ;§f æcljjflbt s/sf];Dk"0f{ /sd / ljjflbt s/sf] PsltxfO{Æ eGg]zAbx¿ /flvPsf 5g\ .-v_ pkbkmf -*_ df /x]sf ægAa] lbgleqÆ eGg]zAbx¿sf] ;§f æ;f7L lbgleqÆ eGg] zAbx¿/flvPsf 5g\ .-^*_ bkmf !!& sf] , –-s_ pkbkmf -!_ / -@_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf pkbkmf -!_ /-@_ /flvPsf 5g\ M–æ-!_ s'g} JolQmn] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ljj/0fbflvnf gu/]df To:tf] JolQmnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdz'Ns nfUg]5 M–-s_ bkmf (% sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhds'g} cfo jif{sf] cfo ljj/0f bflvnfgu/]df k|lt ljj/0f b'O{ xhf/ ?k}ofF,-v_ clu|d s/ c;'n ug'{ kg]{ s'g}JolQmn] bkmf (%s=sf] pkbkmf -%_adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f bflvnf gu/]dfTo:tf] JolQmnfO{ ljj/0f bflvnf ug'{kg]{ ldltaf6 ljj/0f bflvnf gePsf]ldlt;Ddsf] k|To]s dlxgf /dlxgfsf] efusf] nflu clu|d s/c;'n ug'{ kg]{ /sdsf] jflif{s 8]9k|ltztsf b/n] x'g] /sd,-u_ bkmf (^ sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhds'g} cfo jif{sf] cfo ljj/0f bflvnf250


gu/]df P]gsf] bkmf $ sf] pkbkmf-$_ df plNnlvt JolQmsf] xsdfPs ;o ?k}ofF k|lt dlxgfsf b/n]x'g] /sd / cGo JolQmsf] xsdf ;f]cfo jif{sf] cfosf] u0fgf ubf{ s'g}/sd s6fO{ kfpg] eP ;f] gs6fO{ /s'g} /sd ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{ eP ;f];dfj]z u/L x'g] lgwf{/0fof]Uo cfosf]/sdsf] z"Go bzdna Ps k|ltztk|lt jif{sf b/n] x'g] /sd jf Ps;o ?k}ofF k|lt dlxgfsf b/n] x'g]/sddWo] h'g a9L x'G5 ;f] /sd,-3_ s/ 5'6 k|fKt ;+:yfn] tf]lsPsf]Dofbleq ljQLo ljj/0f bflvnfgu/]df cfodf b]vfPsf] /sdsf] k|ltjif{ z"Go bzdna Ps k|ltztsfb/n] x'g] /sd .Æ-@_ s'g} JolQmn] s'g} cfo jif{sf] bkmf *!adf]lhd /fVg' kg]{ sfuhft g/fv]df To:tf]JolQmnfO{ To:tf] sfuhft g/fv]sf] jif{sf] nflus'g} cfo jif{sf] cfosf] u0fgf ubf{ s'g} /sds6fO{ kfpg] eP ;f] gs6fO{ / /sdx¿ ;dfj]zug'{ kg]{ eP ;f] ;dfj]z u/L x'g] lgwf{/0fof]Uocfosf] /sdsf] z"Go bzdnj Ps k|ltztn] x'g]/sd jf Ps xhf/ ?k}of+FdWo] h'g a9L x'G5 ;f]/sd z'Ns nfUg]5 .Æ-^(_ bkmf !!* sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf !!* /flvPsf] 5 M–æ!!*= ls:tfaGbLdf bflvnf ug]{n] cg'dflgt s/ sdx'g] u/L a'´fPdf Jofh nfUg] M -!_ s'g} JolQmn]s'g} cfo jif{df bkmf ($ adf]lhd bflvnf ug'{kg]{ ls:tf /sd ;DaGwdf v08 -s_ dfplNnlvt /sdeGbf v08 -v_ df plNnlvt /sda9L ePdf o;/L a9L ePsf] /sddf pkbkmf -@_adf]lhd Aofh nfUg]5 M–-s_ ;f] JolQmn] s'g} cfo jif{dflt/]sf] k|To]s ls:tfsf] /sd,251


-v_ ;f] cfo jif{df k|To]s ls:tfcjlwsf] nflu ls:tfaGbLsf]?kdf a'emfpg' kg]{ s'n /sdsf]cg'dfg jf ;+zf]lwt cg'dfg;xL ePsf] eP ;f] /sd / ;f]/sd ;xL gePsf] eP bkmf #sf] v08 -s_ / -v_ dfplNnlvt JolQmn] bflvnf ug'{kg]{ s/ /sdsf] k|To]s ls:tfcjlwsf] nflu ls:tfaGbLsf]?kdf a'emfpg' kg]{ /sdsf] gAa]k|ltzt /sd .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] JolQmnfO{ ;f]jif{sf] ;f] ls:tf a'´fpg' kg]{ ldltb]lv b]xfosf]cjlw;Ddsf] k|To]s dlxgf / dlxgfsf] efusf];fdfGo Aofhb/n] Aofh nfUg]5 M–-s_ bkmf (( sf] pkbkmf -!_adf]lhdsf] s/ lgwf{/0f ug]{JolQmsf] xsdf cfo ljj/0f-v_252a'emfpg' kg]{ ldlt;Dd,bkmf (( sf] pkbkmf -!_adf]lhdsf] s/ lgwf{/0fgu/]sf] sf/0fn] ljefun] bkmf!)! adf]lhd klxnf] k6s;+zf]lwt s/ lgwf{/0f u/]sf]JolQmsf] xsdf bkmf !)@adf]lhd ;f] ;+zf]lwt s/lgwf{/0fsf] ;"rgf a'emfPsf]ldlt;Dd .:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nfluæls:tfaGbLsf] ?kdf a'emfpg' kg]{ /sdÆeGgfn] Ps k6s cg'dfg k]z u/L;s]kl5 ;+zf]lwt cg'dfg k]z gug]{sf]tyf cg'dfg k]z gu/]sf] sf/0fn] bkmf(% sf] pkbkmf -&_ adf]lhd ljefun]cg'dfg u/]sf] xsdf bkmf ($ sf]pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd / ;+zf]lwt cg'dfg


-&)_k]z ug]{sf] xsdf tyf k]z ul/Psf]cg'dfg jf ;+zf]lwt cg'dfgdf ;Gt'i6geO{ bkmf (% sf] pkbkmf -&_ adf]lhdljefun] cg'dfg u/]sf] bkmf (% sf]pkbkmf -%_ sf] Joj:yf cg';f/ u0fgful/Psf] ls:tfsf] /sd ;Demg' k5{ .Æbkmf !!( sf],–-s_ pkbkmf -#_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -#_ /flvPsf]5 M–æ-#_ clu|d s/ c;'n ug'{ kg]{ JolQmn] bkmf(%s= sf] pkbkmf -*_ jf clu|d s/ s§Lug]{ JolQmn] bkmf () sf] pkbkmf -$_kfngf gu/]sf] sf/0fn] lghn] a'emfpg' kg]{Jofh lghn] clu|d s/ bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ jfclu|d s/ s§L x'g] JolQmaf6 c;'n pk/u/L lng kfpg] 5}g .Æ-v_ pkbkmf -#_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -$_ ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-$_ bkmf !!)s= adf]lhd lbOPsf] Dofbleq s/ glt/]df ltg{ afFsL s/df jflif{s kfFrk|ltztsf b/n] yk Jofh nufO{ ;f] JolQmaf6c;'n pk/ ul/g]5 .Æ-&!_ bkmf !!( kl5 b]xfosf] bkmf !!(s= ylkPsf] 5 M–æ!!(s= z'Ns nfUg] M o; P]gdf cGoyf Joj:yful/Psf]df afx]s of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{tag]sf] lgodsf] s'g} Joj:yfsf] kfngf gug]{JolQmnfO{ bkmf !@* df plNnlvt hl/afgfsf]/sd a/fa/sf] z'Ns nfUg]5 .Æ-&@_-&#_bkmf !@! df /x]sf] ækl/R5]b – @# dfÆ eGg] zAbx?sf];§f æo; P]gdfÆ eGg] zAbx? /flvPsf 5g\ .bkmf !@$ sf] :ki6Ls/0fsf] ;§f b]xfosf] :ki6Ls/0f/flvPsf] 5 M–æ:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æljefudflbPsf] s'g} hfgsf/L jf ljj/0fÆ eGgfn] ljefudf jfo; P]g adf]lhd st{Jo kfngf ug]{ l;nl;nfdfljefuaf6 clVtof/ k|fKt clws[t ;dIf lnlvt ?kdf253


flvnf ul/Psf] ljj/0f / b]xfo adf]lhd bflvnful/Psf] ljj/0f ;Demg' k5{ M–-s_ lgj]bg, ;"rgf, ljj/0f, ph"/L, jofg jfo; P]g adf]lhd bflvnf ul/Psf], tof/kfl/Psf], lbOPsf] jf k]z ul/Psf] cGosfuhft,-v_ ljefu jf ljefusf s'g} clws[t ;dIf k]zul/Psf] sfuhft,-u_ ljefu jf s'g} clws[tn] s'g} JolQmnfO{;f]w]sf] k|Zgsf] pQ/, jf-3_ ljj/0f lbOg] s'/fsf] dgfl;j hfgsf/LePsf] s'g} JolQmn] s'g} csf]{ JolQmdfk{mtljefu jf s'g} clws[tnfO{ lbPsf]hfgsf/L .Æ-&$_ bkmf !#^ kl5 b]xfosf] bkmf !#^s= ylkPsf] 5 M–æ!#^s= k'/:sf/ / ;'/fsL vr{sf] Joj:yf M -!_ s'g}JolQmn] cfˆgf] s/sf] bfloTj ;Dk"0f{ jf s]xLc+z 5n]sf] jf 5Ng sf]lz; u/]sf] k|df0f;lxtsf] ;"rgf lbg] JolQmnfO{ To:tf] ;"rgfsf]cfwf/df c;'n pk/ ul/Psf] s/sf] /sddWo]lghn] k]z u/]sf] k|df0faf6 lgwf{/0f ePhltsf] s/ /sdsf] aL; k|ltzt a/fa/sf]/sd dxflgb]{zssf] lg0f{on] k'/:sf/ lbg;lsg]5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k'/:sf/kfpg] JolQm PseGbf a9L ePdf k'/:sf/sf]/sd ;dfg'kflts ?kdf lbOg]5 .-#_ pkbkmf -!_ h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf]eP tfklg /fh:j r'xfj6sf] ;"rgf lbg]JolQmnfO{ ;"rgfsf] ;Totfsf] cfwf/dfljefuåf/f tf]lsPsf] sfo{ljlw adf]lhd tTsfnbzxhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd ;'/fsL vr{ lbg ;lsg]5 .-$_ pkbkmf -!_ / -#_ adf]lhdsf];"rgf lbg] JolQmsf] gfd, y/ / jtg uf]Ko/flvg]5 .Æ-&%_ vf/]hL M bkmf ^^, *(s= / *(v= vf/]h ul/Psf 5g\ .-&^_ cg';"rLdf ;+zf]wg M -s_ cg';"rL–! sf],–254


-!_ bkmf ! sf],–-s_ pkbkmf -!_, -@_, -#_, -$_, -%_, -^_ / -&_ sf];§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -!_, -@_, -#_, -$_, -%_,-^_ / -&_ /flvPsf 5g\ M–æ-!_ s'g} cfo jif{df afl;Gbf k|fs[ltsJolQmsf] s/of]Uo cfodf o; cg';"rLsf]pkbkmf -@_ / -$_ sf] cwLgdf /xL b]xfoadf]lhdsf] b/n] s/ nfUg]5 M–-s_ b'O{ nfv krf; xhf/?k}ofF;Dd /f]huf/Lsf] s/of]Uocfo ePdf Ps k|ltzt,-v_ b'O{ nfv krf; xhf/?k}ofFeGbf a9L t/ tLg nfvkrf; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dds/of]Uo cfo ePdf v08 -s_adf]lhd b'O{ nfv krf; xhf/?k}ofF;Dd b'O{ xhf/ kfFr;o?k}ofF / b'O{ nfv krf; xhf/?k}ofFeGbf a9L s/of]Uocfodf kGw| k|ltzt,-u_ tLg nfv krf; xhf/?k}ofFeGbf a9L s/of]Uo cfoePdf v08 -v_ adf]lhd tLgnfv krf; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd;q xhf/ kfFr;o ?k}ofF /tLg nfv krf; xhf/?k}ofFeGbf a9L ePsf] s/of]Uocfodf kRrL; k|ltzt, /-3_ kRrL; nfv ?k}ofF eGbf a9Ls/ of]Uo cfo ePdf j9LePhlt s/of]Uo cfosf] v08-u_ adf]lhd nfu]sf] s/sf]b/df yk rfnL; k|ltztcltl/Qm s/ .t/ Psnf}6L kmd{ btf{ePsf s/bftfsf] xsdf /lgj[Qe/0f afktsf] cfodf255


v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf] s/nfUg] 5}g .-@_ s'g} cfo jif{df bkmf %) adf]lhd5gf}6 ug]{ s'g} bDktLsf] s/of]Uo cfodf o;cg';"rLsf] pkbkmf -$_ sf] cwLgdf /xL b]xfoadf]lhdsf] b/df s/ nfUg]5 M–-s_ tLg nfv ?k}ofF;Dd/f]huf/Lsf] s/of]Uo cfoePdf Ps k|ltzt,-v_ tLg nfv ?k}ofFeGbf a9L t/rf/ nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf]s/of]Uo cfo ePdf v08 -s_adf]lhd tLg nfv ?k}ofF;DdtLg xhf/ ?k}ofF / tLg nfv?k}ofFeGbf a9L s/of]Uocfodf kGw| k|ltzt,-u_ rf/ nfv ?k}ofFeGbf a9Ls/of]Uo cfo ePdf v08 -v_adf]lhd rf/ nfv ?k}ofF;Ddc7f/ xhf/ ?k}ofF / rf/ nfv?k}ofFeGbf a9L s/of]Uocfodf kRrL; k|ltzt, /-3_ kRrL; nfv ?k}ofF eGbf a9Ls/ of]Uo cfo ePdf a9LePhlt s/of]Uo cfosf] v08-u_ adf]lhd nfu]sf] s/sf]b/df yk rfnL; k|ltztcltl/Qm s/ .t/ Psnf}6L kmd{ btf{ePsf s/bftfsf] xsdf /lgj[Qe/0f afktsf] cfodfpk/f]Qm v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf]s/ nfUg] 5}g .-#_ o; cg';"rLsf] pkbkmf -$_ dfplNnlvt Joj:yf b]xfosf] cj:yfdf nfu"x'g]5 M–256


-s_ afl;Gbf k|fs[lts JolQmsf];DaGwdf s'g} cfo jif{df b'O{nfv krf; xhf/ ?k}ofFeGbfa9L cfo ePsf] jf bkmf %)adf]lhdsf] 5gf}6 gu/]sf]afl;Gbf bDktLsf] ;DaGwdfs'g} cfo jif{df tLg nfv?k}ofFeGbf a9L cfo ePsf],-v_ u}/–Jofj;flos s/of]Uo;DklQsf] lgM;u{af6 k|fKt v"bnfe ;f] k|fs[lts JolQm jfbDktLsf] cfo / tbg'?ks/of]Uo cfosf] u0fgfdf;dfj]z ePsf] .-$_ o; cg';"rLsf] pkbkmf -#_ sf]cwLgdf /xL b]xfosf JolQmnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhds/ nfUg]5 M–-s_ b]xfosf /sddWo] h'g a9L 5;f] /sddf ;f] k|fs[lts JolQmjf bDktLsf] ;f] dfq s/of]Uocfo eP ;/x dfgL o;cg';"rLsf] pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_adf]lhdsf] b/n] s/ nfUg]5 M–-!_ ;f] k|fs[lts JolQmjf bDktLsf] hDdfs/of]Uo cfoaf6 ;f]nfesf] /sd 36fO{afFsL x'g cfpg]/sd,-@_ k|fs[lts JolQmsf];DaGwdf b'O{ nfvkrf; xhf/ ?k}ofFjf bDktLsf];DaGwdf tLg nfv?k}ofF .257


-v_ ;f] s/of]Uo cfosf] afFsL/sdaf6 bz k|ltztsf b/n]s/ nfUg]5 .t/,-!_ lgM;u{ ePsf] u}/Jofj;flos s/of]Uo;DklQ -hUuf tyf3/hUuf_ sf]:jfldTj kfFr jif{ jf;f] eGbf a9L ePsf]5 eg] b'O{ bzdnjkfFr k|ltztsf b/n]s/ nfUg]5 .-@_ lgM;u{ ePsf] u}/Jofj;flos s/of]Uo;DklQ -hUuf tyf3/hUuf_ sf]:jfldTj kf‘rjif{eGbf sd /x]sf]5 eg] kfFrk|ltztsf b/n] s/nfUg]5 .-#_ g]kfn lwtf]kqaf]8{df ;"rLs/0fePsf] lgsfodf/x]sf] lxtsf]lgM;u{jf6 k|fKtnfesf] xsdf kfFrk|ltztsf] b/n] s/nfUg]5 .-%_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf] b"u{d If]qdfsfo{/t k|fs[lts JolQmsf] b"u{d eQf afkttf]lsP adf]lhd a9Ldf krf; xhf/ ?k}oF+f;Dds/of]Uo cfoaf6 36fO{ afFsL /xg] /sddf dfqo; bkmf adf]lhd s/sf] u0fgf ul/g]5 .-^_ g]kfnsf ljb]zl:yt s'6gLltslgof]udf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lsf] j}b]lzs eQfsf]258


krxQ/ k|ltzt /sd s/of]Uo cfoaf6 36fO{afFsL /xg] /sddf o; bkmf adf]lhd s/sf]u0fgf ul/g]5 .-&_ o; P]gsf] bkmf $ sf] pkbkmf -$_adf]lhd s/sf] /sd b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M–-s_ dxfgu/kflnsf jfpkdxfgu/kflnsf If]qdfJoj;fo ug]{ k|fs[ltsJolQmsf xsdf kfFr xhf/?k}ofF,-v_ gu/kflnsf If]qdf Joj;foug]{ k|fs[lts JolQmsf xsdfb'O{ xhf/ kfFr ;o ?k}ofF,-u_ v08 -s_ / -v_ df plNnlvtIf]q afx]s cGo If]qdfJoj;fo ug]{ k|fs[ltsJolQmsf xsdf Ps xhf/kfFr ;o ?k}ofF .Æ-v_ pkbkmf -(_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -(_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-(_ o; bkmfdf cGoGq h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'g} afl;Gbf k|fs[ltsJolQmsf] lgj[Qe/0f cfo /x]5 eg] k|fs[ltsJolQmsf] nflu pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -s_ jfbDklQsf] nflu pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -s_ dfplNnlvt /sdsf] kRrL; k|ltzt /sds/of]Uo cfoaf6 36fO{ afFsL /xg] /sddf dfqo; bkmf adf]lhd s/sf] u0fgf ul/g]5 .t/ o;/L 36fOg] /sdsf] ;Ldf tf]lsPadf]lhdeGbf a9L x'g] 5}g .Æ-u_ pkbkmf -(_ kl5 b]xfosf pkbkmf -!)_,-!!_, -!@_, -!#_, -!$_, -!%_, -!^_ / -!&_ylkPsf 5g\ M–æ-!)_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'g} afl;Gbf k|fs[ltsJolQm ckfËtf ePsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] k|fs[ltsJolQmsf] nflu pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -s_ jf259


DktLsf] nflu pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -s_ dfplNnlvt /sdsf] krf; k|ltzt yk /sds/of]Uo cfoaf6 36fO{ afFsL /xg] /sddf dfqo; bkmf adf]lhd s/sf] u0fgf ul/g]5 .-!!_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'g} afl;Gbf k|fs[ltsJolQm kfl/>lds cfo dfq cfh{g ug]{ dlxnf/x]5 eg] To:tf] k|fs[lts JolQmn] ltg'{ kg]{ s//sddf bz k|ltzt 5'6 x'g]5 .-!@_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'g} afl;Gbf k|fs[ltsJolQmn] nufgL aLdf u/]sf] /x]5 eg] ;f] afkte'QmfgL u/]sf] jflif{s lk|ldod jf aL; xhf/?k}ofFdf h'g 36L x'G5 ;f] /sd s/of]Uocfoaf6 36fO{ afFsL /xg] /sddf dfq o;bkmf adf]lhd s/sf] u0fgf ul/g]5 .-!#_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg ef8fsf ;jf/L ;fwgwgLx¿af6 b]xfo adf]lhdsf] jflif{s s/ c;'nul/g]5 / ;jf/L ;fwg wgL k|fs[lts JolQmePdf To;/L lt/]sf] s/ g} clGtd x'g]5 M–;jf/Lsf] lsl;d k|lt;jf/L ;fwgdf a'emfpg'kg]{ jflif{s s/-s_ ldlga;, ldlg 6«s, 6«s / a; ?= #,))).–-v_ sf/, lhk, Eofg, dfOqmf] a; ?= @,$)).–-u_ ly| x\jLn/, c6f] l/S;f, 6]Dkf] ?= !,%%).–-3_ 6«]S6/ / kfj/ l6n/ ?= !))).–-!$_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'g} k|fs[lts JolQmn] s'g}jif{e/L k"0f{?kn] o; P]gsf] bkmf !! dfplNnlvt ljz]if pBf]u ;~rfngdf ;+nUg/x]df o; bkmf adf]lhd s/sf] u0fgf ubf{kRrL; k|ltzt s/ nfUg] s/of]Uo cfodfaL; k|ltztsf b/n] s/ nfUg]5 .-!%_ s'g} k|fs[lts JolQmsf] s'g} cfojif{df lgsf;Laf6 ePsf] s/of]Uo cfodf s/sf]260


u0fgf ubf{ kRrL; k|ltzt s/ nfUg] s/ of]Uocfodf kGw| k|ltztsf b/n] s/ nfUg]5 .-!^_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'g} afl;Gbf k|fs[ltsJolQmn] afl;Gbf aLdf sDkgL;Fu :jf:Yo aLdfu/]sf] /x]5 eg] ;f] afkt e'QmfgL u/]sf] jflif{slk|ldod jf aL; xhf/ ?k}ofFdf h'g 36L x'G5;f] /sd s/of]Uo cfoaf6 36fO{ afFsL /xg]/sddf dfq o; bkmf adf]lhd s/sf] u0fgful/g]5 .-!&_ bkmf $ sf] pkbkmf -$s_ adf]lhdsf/f]af/ s/ /sddf lgDg adf]lhdsf] b/n] s/nfUg]5 M–-s_ UofF;, r'/f]6 nufotsf tLgk|ltzt;Dd sldzg jf d"No yku/L j:t'sf] sf/f]af/ ug]{JolQmnfO{ sf/f]af/ /sdsf] z"Gobzdna kfFr k|ltzt-v_ v08 -s_ df plNnlvt Joj;fojfx]ssf] Joj;fo ug]{ JolQmsf]sf/f]af/ /sdsf] Ps bzdnakfFr k|ltzt-u_ ;]jf Joj;fo ug]{ JolQmsf]sf/f]af/ /sdsf] b'O{ k|ltzt .t/ v08 -s_, -v_ / -u_ dfpNn]v ul/P adf]lhd s/ u0fgfubf{ kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofFeGbf sdePdf kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofF .Æ-@_ bkmf @ sf],–-s_ pkbkmf -@_ df /x]sf æ;fdfGo aLdf Joj;foÆeGg] zAbx¿kl5 æjf r'/f]6, laF8L, l;uf/,vfg];"lt{, v}gL, u'6\vf, kfgd;nf, dlb/f,lao/sf] sf/f]af/Æ eGg] zAbx¿ ylkPsf 5g\ .-v_ pkbkmf -#_ sf] v08 -v_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf]v08 -v_ /flvPsf] 5 M–æ-v_ ;f] lgsfon],–261


-!_ s'g} ;8s, k'n, 6g]n, /f]k–j] jfcfsfz] k'n lgdf{0f u/L ;~rfngu/]df,:ki6Ls/0f M æ/f]k–j]Æ eGgfn];fdfg 9'jfgL ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflulgdf{0f ul/Psf] jf dflg; cf];f/k;f/ ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu lgdf{0ful/Psf] s]jnsf/ ;d]tnfO{;Demg' k5{ .-@_ s'g} 6«nL a; jf 6«fd ;~rfngu/]df, jf-#_ ;xsf/L P]g, @)$* adf]lhd btf{ePsf] ;xsf/L ;+:yfn] s/ 5'6x'g] sf/f]af/ afx]ssf] sf/f]af/u/]df .-u_ pkbkmf -#_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -#s_ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-#s_ s'g} lgsfosf] g]kfnsf] ;|f]taf6s'g} cfo jif{df lgsf;Laf6 ePsf] s/of]Uocfodf aL; k|ltztsf b/n] s/ nfUg]5 .Æ-3_ pkbkmf -%_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -%_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-%_ s'g} cfo jif{df s'g} d[t afl;GbfJolQmsf] ;DklQ k|fKt ug]{ jf /]vb]v ug]{ jfczQm afl;Gbf k|fs[lts JolQmsf] 6«i6sf]s/of]Uo cfodf ;f] ;DklQ k|fKt ug]{ jf /]vb]vug]{ jf ;f] 6«i6nfO{ afl;Gbf k|fs[lts JolQm;/x dfgL o; cg';"rLsf] bkmf ! sf] pkbkmf-!_ / pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd s/ nfUg]5 .Æ-ª_ pkbkmf -^_ df /x]sf] æbzÆ eGg] zAbsf] ;§fækfFrÆ eGg] zAb /flvPsf] 5 M–-r_ pkbkmf -&_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -&_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-&_ s'g} cfo jif{df bkmf &) dfplNnlvt cfosf] ;DaGwdf s'g} u}/ afl;GbfJolQmsf] s/of]Uo cfodf kfFr k|ltztsf b/n]s/ nfUg]5 .262


t/ g]kfnaf6 csf]{ ljb]zL d'n'sdf k'Ug]u/L k|:yfg gx'g] hn oftfoft, xjfO{ oftfoftjf b"/;~rf/ ;]jf pknAw u/fpg] u}/ afl;GbfJolQmsf] xsdf b'O{ k|ltztsf b/n] s/ nfUg]5 .-v_ cg';"rL–@ sf],–-s_ bkmf @ sf] pkbkmf -#_ sf] k|ltjGwfTdsjfSof+zsf] v08 -v_ df /x]sf æbkmf %ÆeGg] zAbx?sf] ;§f æpkbkmf -%_Æ eGg]zAbx? /flvPsf 5g\ .-v_ bkmf # sf] pkbkmf -@_ kl5 b]xfosfpkbkmf -#_ / -$_ ylkPsf 5g\ M–æ-#_ s'g} JolQmn] cfˆgf]Joj;flos k|of]hgsf] lgldQ cfjZoskg]{ phf{zlQm pTkfbg ug{ k"FhLs[tu/]sf] ;DklQsf] k"FhLut /sdsf] krf;k|ltzt ;f]xL jif{ x|f; vr{ afkt s§LbfaL ug{ ;Sg]5 .-$_ s'g} JolQmn] lkm:sn lk|G6/ /Sof; d]lzg /fvL lan lahs hf/L ug]{u/]df ;f] lk|G6/ tyf Sof; d]lzgdfePsf] vr{sf] Psd'i6 /sd x|f;vr{afkt ;f]xL jif{ bfaL ug{ ;Sg]5 .Æ#!= eG;f/ P]g, @)^$ df ;+zf]wg M eG;f/ P]g, @)^$ sf],–-!_ bkmf @ sf],–-s_ v08 -9_ kl5 b]xfosf] v08 -9!_ ylkPsf]5 M–æ-9!_ ælakb\Æ eGgfn] e"sDk,cfunfuL, cfFwLj]/L, af9L klx/f], cltj[li6,cgfj[li6, clgsfn, dxfdf/L tyf o:t} cGolakb\nfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 / ;f] zAbn] cf}Bf}lusb'3{6gf, ljikmf]6s jf ljiffQm kbfy{åf/f x'g]b'3{6gf tyf o:t} cGo s'g} k|sf/sf] lakb\;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .Æ-v_ v08 -b_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08 -b_ /flvPsf]5 M–263


-u_-3_-ª_-r_æ-b_ æeG;f/ clws[tÆ eGgfn] k|d'v eG;f/k|zf;s, k|d'v eG;f/ k/LIf0f k|zf;s,k|d'v eG;f/ clws[t, k|d'v eG;f/k/LIfs, eG;f/ clws[t jf eG;f/k/LIfs ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn]eG;f/ sfof{no jf 5f]6L eG;f/sfof{nosf] k|d'v / bkmf *$ adf]lhdcy{ dGqfnon] tf]s]sf] clwsf/L;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .Æv08 -g_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08 -g_ /flvPsf]5 M–æ-g_ æeG;f/ sfof{noÆ eGgfn] bkmf $adf]lhd :yfkgf ePsf] jf u/]sf]eG;f/ sfof{no ;Demg' k5{ / ;f]zAbn] To:tf] eG;f/ sfof{no kl/;/ /g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgfk|sfzg u/L tf]lslbPsf] cGo If]q;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .Æv08 -k_ kl5 b]xfosf] v08 -k!_ ylkPsf]5 M–æ-k!_ æeG;f/ hfFrkf; k/LIf0f sfof{noÆeGgfn] bkmf #$ adf]lhd hfFrkf;kl5sf] k/LIf0fsf] sfo{ ug{sf nflu:yfkgf ul/Psf] sfof{nonfO{ ;Demg'k5{ .Æv08 -e_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] v08 -e_ /flvPsf]5 M–æ-e_æeG;f/ If]qÆ eGgfn] bkmf # adf]lhdg]kfn ;/sf/ jf dxflgb]{zsn]tf]lslbPsf] eG;f/ If]q ;Demg' kb{5 .Æv08 -n_ kl5 b]xfosf] v08 -n!_ ylkPsf]5 M–æ-n!_ æ/fxt ;fdu|LÆ eGgfn] ljkb\sf]cj:yfdf kLl8tsf] p4f/ tyf /fxtsfnflu dfgjLo ;xfotf:j?k k}7f/L x'g]264


-@_bkmf # sf],–-s_g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s] adf]lhdsfdfnj:t' ;Demg' kb{5 .Æpkbkmf -!_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -!s_ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-!s_ /fxt ;fdu|L hfFrkf; ug]{k|of]hgsf] nflu jf lakb\sf] cj:yfdf pkbkmf-!_ adf]lhdsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu dxflgb]{zsn]g]kfnsf] s'g} If]qnfO{ eG;f/ If]qsf] ?kdf tf]Sg;Sg]5 . To;/L tf]lsPsf] eG;f/ If]qsf] k|of]hg;dfKt ePkl5 dxflgb]{zsn] To:tf] eG;f/If]q vf/]h ug{]5 .Æ-v_ pkbkmf -@_ df b]xfosf] k|ltaGwfTds jfSof+zylkPsf] 5 M–æt/ pkbkmf -!s_ adf]lhdsf] eG;f/If]qaf6 g]kfnleq k}7f/L x'g] jf g]kfnaf6lgsf;L x'g] af6f] dxflgb]{zsn] tf]Sg ;Sg]5 .Æ-#_ bkmf $ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf $ /flvPsf] 5 M–æ$=eG;f/ sfof{nosf] :yfkgf M -!_ g]kfn;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/Ls'g} eG;f/ If]qdf eG;f/ sfof{no jf 5f]6LeG;f/ sfof{no :yfkgf ug{ ;Sg]5 .-@_ lakb\sf] sf/0fn] ubf{ s'g} eG;f/sfof{noaf6 sfo{;Dkfbg ug{ g;lsg] cj:yfePdf dxflgb]{zsn] s'g} eG;f/ If]qdf eG;f/sfof{no :yfkgf ug{ ;Sg]5 . To;/L :yfkgfePsf] eG;f/ sfof{nosf] k|of]hg ;dfKtePkl5 To:tf] eG;f/ sfof{no dxflgb]{zsn]vf/]h ug{]5 .Æ-$_ bkmf $ kl5 b]xfosf] bkmf $s= ylkPsf] 5 M–æ$s= æeG;f/ hfFrkf; k/LIf0f sfof{nosf] :yfkgf M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgfk|sfzg u/L cfjZostf cg';f/ eG;f/hfFrkf; k/LIf0f sfof{no :yfkgf ug{ ;Sg]5 .265


-@_ of] bkmf k|f/De x'g'eGbf cl3:yfkgf ePsf] eG;f/ hfFrkf; k/LIf0fsfof{no o;} bkmf adf]lhd :yfkgf ePsf]dflgg]5 .Æ-%_ bkmf & sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf & /flvPsf] 5 M–æ& dx;'n gnfUg]M -!_ s'g} k}7f/Lstf{n] cfkm"n]k}7f/L u/]sf] dfnj:t' eG;f/ sfof{noaf6g5'6fO{ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] x'g] u/L eG;f/sfof{nod} 5f8\g lgj]bg lbPdf To:tf]dfnj:t'df dx;'n nfUg]5}g .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd 5fl8Psf]dfnj:t' hkmt ePsf] dflgg]5 . To:tf]dfnj:t' g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfk}m k|of]u ug{ jfo; P]g ad]flhd eG;f/ clws[tn] lnnfdljqmL ug{ ;Sg]5 .t/ To:tf] dfnj:t' k|of]udf cfpgg;Sg] jf lnnfd laqmL ;d]t x'g g;Sg]cj:yfsf] /x]5 eg] eG;f/ clws[tn] eG;f/sfof{noaf6 tf]lsPadf]lhd x6fpFg jf gi6ug{ ;Sg]5 / To;/L x6fpFg jf gi6 ug{ nfUg]vr{ ;DalGwt k}7f/Lstf{af6} c;'n pk/ul/g]5 .-#_ s'g} dfnj:t' rnfg ubf{ sdePsf], af6f]df b'3{6gf jf ljkb\df k/L 6'6k'm6eO{ Jofkfl/s ?kdf d"NoxLg ePsf] jf kl/df0fjf tf}ndf sdL ePsf] jf rf]/L eO{ kl/df0fsd ePsf] ePdf tf]lsPsf] k|df0f ;lxttf]lsPsf] k|lqmof k"/f u/L tf]lsPsf];dofjlwleq k}7f/Lstf{n] lgj]bg lbPdfeG;f/ clws[tn] To:tf] Iflt jf 36L ePsf] jfJofkfl/s ?kdf d"NoxLg ePsf dfnj:t'sf]tf]lsP adf]lhd dx;'n 5'6 lbg jf c;'neO;s]sf] eP lkmtf{ lbg ;Sg]5 .-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd gf]S;fgLePsf] kl/df0fsf] dfnj:t' h'g p2]Zosf nflu266


-^_-&_-*_-(_k}7f/L ePsf] xf] ;f] p2]Zo k"/f gx'g] t/ /2L jfkq'sf] ?kdf jf cGo s'g} j}slNks pkof]udfk|of]u x'g ;Sg] cj:yfsf] ePdf eG;f/clws[tn] ;f]xL ?kdf To:tf] dfnj:t'sf] eG;f/d"No sfod u/L nfUg] dx;'n c;'n ug{;Sg]5 .Æbkmf * sf] pkbkmf -!_ df /x]sf æeG;f/ sfof{nodfbtf{ ePsf]Æ eGg] zAbx?sf] ;§f æeG;f/ sfof{nodfbtf{ ePsf] jf sDKo'6/ k|0ffnLdfkm{t eG;f/ sfof{nodfk|fKt ePsf]Æ eGg] zAbx? /flvPsf 5g\ .bkmf ( sf] pkbkmf -&_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -*_ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-*_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] /fxt ;fdu|Lsf] k}7f/LdfnfUg] ;Dk"0f{ dx;'n 5'6 lbg ;Sg]5 . o;/L dx;'n 5'6lb+bf dx;'n 5'6 lbOPsf dfnj:t'sf] ljj/0f / 5'6kfpg] cjlw ;d]t v'nfpg' kg]{5 .Æbkmf !! sf] pkbkmf -@_ df b]xfosf] k|ltaGwfTdsjfSof+z ylkPsf] 5 M–æt/ dlb/f, r'/f]6 jf cGo ;"tL{hGo kbfy{lgsf;L ug]{ pBf]unfO{ of] ;'ljwf lbOg] 5}g .Æbkmf !# sf],–-s_pkbkmf -!$_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -!$_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-!$_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg JolQmut k|of]hgsf] nfluu'06f, lem6L, ef/L cfb]z cGtu{t k}7f/L ePsf]dfnj:t' jf lab]zL d'n'saf6 pkxf/ jf gd"gf:j?k k|fKt u/L k}7f/L ePsf] dfnj:t' jf/fxt ;fdu|Lsf] sf/f]jf/ d"No v'nfpg g;Sg]sf/0f hgfO{ ;f] dfnj:t'sf] wgLn] d"NofÍgul/lbg lgj]bg lbPdf / ;f] Joxf]/f eG;f/clws[tnfO{ pko'Qm nfu]df jf d"No gv'n]sf]cj:yfdf k]z x'g cfPdf lghn] To:tf]dfnj:t'sf] cg'dflgt eG;f/ d"No lgwf{/0fug{ ;Sg]5 .Æ267


-!)_-v_ pkbkmf -!^_ df /x]sf ædfnj:t' hfFrkf;x'Fbfsf lbgÆ eGg] zAbx?sf] ;§f æ;f]dfnj:t'sf] k|1fkgkq eG;f/ sfof{nodf btf{ePsf] jf sDKo'6/ k|0ffnLdfkm{t eG;f/sfof{nodf k|fKt ePsf] lbgÆ eGg] zAbx?/flvPsf 5g\ .-u_ pkbkmf -!^_ kl5 b]xfosf pkbkmf -!&_, -!*_/ -!(_ ylkPsf 5g\ M–æ-!&_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg o; bkmf adf]lhd eG;f/clws[tn] eG;f/ d"No lgwf{/0f ubf{ o;bkmfdf pNn]v ePsf] ljlw jf k|lqmof cg's"ngePdf jf ;f] d"No zÍf:kb 5 eGg] ljZjf;ug'{kg]{ dgfl;j sf/0f ePdf To:tf]dfnj:t'sf] o; bkmf adf]lhd k'gM d"Nolgwf{/0f ug{ dxflgb]{zsn] cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 .-!*_ pkbkmf -!&_ adf]lhd cfb]z k|fKtePdf eG;f/ clws[tn] cfjZos hfFrj'emu/L tL; lbgleq k'gM eG;f/ d"No lgwf{/0fu/L dxflgb]{zsnfO{ hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 .-!(_ pkbkmf -!&_ adf]lhd cfb]z lb+bfdxflgb]{zsn] To:tf] dfnj:t' hfFrkf; ePsf]ldltn] gAa] lbgleq lbg' kg]{5 .Æbkmf !^ sf],–-s_ pkbkmf -#_ lemlsPsf] 5 .-v_pkbkmf -$_ df /x]sf ædfnj:t' hfFrkf; x'g]lbgdfÆ eGg] zAbx?sf] ;§f æTo:tf]dfnj:t'sf] k|1fkgkq eG;f/ sfof{nodf btf{ePsf] jf sDKo"6/ k|0ffnLdfkm{t eG;f/sfof{nodf k|fKt ePsf] lbgdfÆ eGg] zAbx?/flvPsf 5g\ .-!!_ bkmf !* sf] pkbkmf -$_ kl5 b]xfosf pkbkmf -%_ /-^_ ylkPsf 5g\ M–æ-%_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg dfnj:t' lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ug]{ JolQmn]268


-!@_dfnj:t'sf] ljj/0f k|1fkgkqsf] 9fFrfdf ljB'tLodfWodaf6 sDKo"6/ k|0ffnL dfkm{t eG;f/ sfof{nodfk7fpg ;Sg]5 .-^_ pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhd ljB'tLo dfWodaf6dfnj:t'sf] k|1fkgkq k7fPsf]df lgsf;L jfk}7f/Lstf{n] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf sfuhftx?ef}lts ?kdf jf ljB'tLo :j?kdf eG;f/ clws[t;dIfk]z jf ;Dk|]if0f ug'{ kg]{5 .bkmf @) sf] pkbkmf -@_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -@_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg eG;f/ clws[tn] 5gf}6 k|0ffnL adf]lhd b]xfosf]s'g} k|lqmof cjnDag u/L dfnj:t' hfFrkf; ug{;Sg]5 M–-s_ dfnj:t' tyf tT;DaGwL sfuhft ;d]t hfFrgu/L 3f]if0ffsf cfwf/df dfq hfFrkf; ug]{ jf,-v_ dfnj:t'sf] hfFr gu/L tT;DaGwL sfuhftdfq hfFr u/L hfFrkf; ug]{ jf,-u_ dfnj:t' tyf tT;DaGwL sfuhft ;d]t hfFrgu/L hfFrkf; kl5 k/LIf0f ug]{ u/L 3f]if0ffsfcfwf/df dfq hfFrkf; ug]{ jf,-3_dfnj:t' tyf tT;DaGwL sfuhft ;d]t k"0f{?kdf hfFr u/]/ hfFrkf; ug]{ .:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æ5gf}6k|0ffnLÆ eGgfn] /fh:j ;'/Iff, ;fdflhs ;'/Iff,hg:jf:Yosf] ;'/Iff, kof{j/0fLo ;'/Iff, dfnj:t'sf]k|s[lt, dfnj:t'sf] pTklQsf] d'n's, dfnj:t' rnfgePsf] d'n's, cfk"lt{stf{, k}7f/Lstf{ jf eG;f/Ph]G6sf] ;fv cflbsf] cfwf/df lgwf{/0f ul/g]hf]lvdnfO{ ljrf/ u/L To:tf hf]lvdsf cfwf/dfdfnj:t'sf] juL{s/0f u/L dfnj:t' hfFrkf; ug{ljefun] hf/L u/]sf] lgb]{lzsfdf lgwf{/0f ul/Psf]k|0ffnL ;Demg' k5{ .Æ-!#_ bkmf @@ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf @@ /flvPsf] 5 M–269


æ@@dfnj:t'sf] juL{s/0f tyf dx;'n lgwf{/0fM-!_ bkmf @! adf]lhd eG;f/ d"No lgwf{/0fePkl5 eG;f/ clws[tn] 3f]lift dfnj:t'k|rlnt cfly{s P]g cg';f/sf] pkzLif{sadf]lhd juL{s/0f eP gePsf] hfFr ug'{kg]{5 . To;/L hfFr ubf{ eG;f/ clws[tn] bkmf^!s= sf] pkbkmf -#_ df plNnlvt ljifonfO{;d]t cfwf/ lnO{ juL{s/0f 7Ls eP jfgePsf] olsg ug]{5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd dfnj:t'sf]juL{s/0f hfFr ubf{ 7Ls kfOPdf eG;f/clws[tn] ;f] dfnj:t'df nfUg] dx;'nlgwf{/0f ug]{5 .-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd hfFr ubf{dfnj:t'sf] juL{s/0f 7Ls gePsf] kfOPdfeG;f/ clws[tn] 3f]if0ffstf{nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fO{juL{s/0f pkzLif{s ;+zf]wg u/L ;f]xL adf]lhdnfUg] dx;'n lgwf{/0f ug]{5 .-$_ pkbkmf -#_ jdf]lhd eG;f/clws[tn] u/]sf] ;+zf]wgdf lrQ gj'‰g]k}7f/Lstf{n] bkmf ^!s= adf]lhdk'g/fjnf]sgsf] nflu dxflgb]{zs ;dIf lgj]bglbg ;Sg]5 . To;/L lgj]bg lbg'cl3 eG;f/clws[tn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] dx;'n e'Qmfg u/Ldfnj:t' 5'6fpg' kg]{5 .-%_ k}7f/Lstf{n] pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhddx;'n e'Qmfg ubf{ j:t' juL{s/0fsf] clGtdlg0f{o x'Fbf 7x/]adf]lhd x'g] u/L k"0f{ jf cf+lzs?kdf w/f}6Ldf /fVg eG;f/ clws[t ;dIflgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 . To;/L lgj]bg lbPdfeG;f/ clws[tn] ;f]xL adf]lhd w/f}6L /fvLdfnj:t' hfFrkf; ug{ ;Sg]5 .-^_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd dfnj:t'sf]juL{s/0f olsg ug{ eG;f/ clws[tnfO{ låljwfePdf låljwf x'g'kg]{ sf/0f / cfˆgf] /fo tyf270


dfnj:t'sf] gd"gf ;lxt dxflgb]{zs ;dIflg0f{osf] nflu n]vL k7fpg' kg]{5 .-&_ pkbkmf -^_ adf]lhd n]vL cfPdfdxflgb]{zsn] juL{s/0f pkzLif{s tf]Sg] lg0f{ou/L ;f]sf] hfgsf/L eG;f/ clws[tnfO{ u/fpg'kg]{5 . eG;f/ clws[tn] klg ;f]xL adf]lhddfnj:t'sf] juL{s/0f tyf dx;'n lgwf{/0f u/Ldfnj:t' hfFrkf; ug]{5 .Æ-!$_ bkmf #) sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf #) /flvPsf] 5 M–æ#)= dfnj:t'sf] gd"gf ;ª\sng / k/LIf0fM -!_k}7f/L x'g] s'g} dfnj:t'sf] u'0f:t/ k/LIf0f,eG;f/ d"NofÍg, juL{s/0f, hg:jf:Yo jfjftfj/0fdf kg{ ;Sg] k|efjsf] b[li6sf]0fn]gd"gf hfFr ug{ jf ;DalGwt ljz]if1jf6 hfFru/fpg jf k|of]uzfnfaf6 k/LIf0f u/fpgcfjZos b]v]df eG;f/ clws[tn] pQmdfnj:t'sf] wgL jf lghsf] Ph]G6sf] /f]xj/dfgd"gf lemsL cfk}mn] hfFr ug{, ;DalGwtljz]if1af6 hfFr u/fpg jf ljefusf]k|of]uzfnf jf cGo ;/sf/L lgsfosf]k|of]uzfnfaf6 k/LIf0f u/fpg ;Sg]5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k/LIf0fsf]nflu k|fKt x'g cfPsf] dfnj:t'sf] gd"gfljefusf] jf cGo ;/sf/L lgsfosf]k|of]uzfnfn] oyfzL3| k/LIf0f u/L ;f]sf]glthf ;DalGwt eG;f/ sfof{nodf k7fpg'kg]{5 .-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd eG;f/sfof{noaf6 k/LIf0fsf] nflu k|fKt gd"gfx?ljefusf] k|of]uzfnfn] cfk}mn] k/LIf0f ug{g;Sg] ePdf ;/sf/L lgsfosf] cGok|of]uzfnfaf6 k/LIf0f u/fO ;f]sf] k|ltj]bg;DalGwt eG;f/ sfof{nodf k7fpg' kg]{5 .Æ-!%_ bkmf #$ sf],–271


-s_-v_pkbkmf -@_ / -#_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -@_/ -#_ /flvPsf 5g\ M–æ-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k/LIf0f ubf{k}7f/Lstf{n] k}7f/L u/]sf dfnj:t' lghn]3f]if0ff u/]sf]eGbf leGg dfnj:t' kfOPdf jflghn] u/]sf] 3f]if0ff cg'?k gePsf] b]lvPdfjf sf/f]jf/ d"No jf dfnj:t'sf] kl/df0f 36L3f]if0ff u/]sf] b]lvPdf / ;f] sf/0fn] 36Ldx;'n c;'n ePsf] b]lvPdf eG;f/ clws[tn]To;/L 36L ePsf] d"No jf kl/df0fdf k}7f/Lx'Fbfsf avt nfUg] dx;'n lghaf6 tTsfnc;'n u/L 36L sf/f]jf/ d"No jf kl/df0f3f]if0ff u/]afkt lghnfO{ o; P]g adf]lhdsf/jfxL ug]{5 .t/ 36L sf/f]jf/ d"No 3f]if0ff u/]sf]dfnfUg] dx;'nsf] zt k|ltzt hl/jfgf ug]{5 .-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k/LIf0f ubf{dfnj:t'sf] juL{s/0fsf] pkzLif{s km/s k/]sf]sf/0fn] sd dx;'n c;'n ePsf] b]lvPdfTo:tf] sd dx;'n /sd / ;f] a/fa/sf]hl/jfgf /sd ;DalGwt sfof{non]k}7f/Lstf{af6 tTsfn c;'n ug]{5 .Æpkbkmf -#_ kl5 b]xfosf pkbkmf -#s_, -#v_,-#u_, -#3_, -#ª_, -#r_ / -#5_ ylkPsf5g\ M–æ-#s_ dxflgb]{zs jf eG;f/clws[tn] o; bkmf adf]lhd k/LIf0f ubf{dfnj:t'sf] :ki6 3f]if0ff gePsf] b]v]dfk|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd yk /sd c;'n ug{tyf ;DalGwt JolQmnfO{ lemsfpg, aofgu/fpg, k|df0f j'‰g, lnvt k]z ug{ nufpg,;"rgf jf Dofb hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 .-#v_ o; bkmf adf]lhd k/LIf0f ubf{hf/L ul/Psf] Dofbdf pkl:yt gx'g] jf dfuul/P adf]lhd lnvt k|df0f jf sfuhft k]z272


gug]{ k}7f/Lstf{nfO{ dxflgb]{zs jf eG;f/clws[tn] bkmf %& sf] pkbkmf -!%s_adf]lhd hl/jfgf u/L lghsf] lgsf;L k}7f/L;DaGwL sf/f]jf/ /f]Ssf u/L pknJw eP;Ddsflnlvt k|df0f jf sfuhftsf cfwf/df k/LIf0fug{ ;Sg]5 .t/ o; pkbkmf adf]lhd k/LIf0ful/;s]kl5 ;f] k}7f/Lstf{sf ;DjGwdf kl5yk k|df0f sfuhft k|fKt ePdf To:tf k|df0fsfuhftsf cfwf/df o; bkmf adf]lhd k'gMk/LIf0f ug{ o; pkbkmfn] afwf k'¥ofPsf]dflgg] 5}g .-#u_ o; bkmf adf]lhd dx;'nlgwf{/0f ubf{ ;DalGwt JolQmnfO{ kGw| lbgsf]Dofb lbO{ ;kmfO{ k]z ug]{ df}sf lbg' kg]{5 .-#3_ o; bkmf adf]lhd lgwf{/0fePsf] dx;'n tyf hl/jfgf afktsf] /sdbflvnf ug]{ cfb]z k|fKt u/]sf] ldltn] k}+tL;lbgleq To:tf] cfb]z k|fKt ug]{ JolQmn] ;f]xLcfb]zdf tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] /sd bflvnf ug'{kg]{5 . ;f] cjlwleq bflvnf gu/]df To:tf]dx;'n tyf hl/jfgf bflvnf ug]{ cfb]zePsf] ldltb]lv jflif{s kGw| k|ltztsf b/n]Aofh ;d]t u0fgf u/L c;'npk/ ul/g]5 .-#ª_ pkbkmf -#3_ adf]lhd ltg'{a'emfpg' kg]{ /sd ga'emfpg] k}7f/Lstf{sf]sf/f]jf/ tyf rn crn ;DklQ /f]Ssf u/LeG;f/ clws[tn] ;f]xL ;DklQaf6 To:tf] /sdc;'npk/ ug]{5 .-#r_ pkbkmf -#ª_ adf]lhd /sdc;"n x'g g;s]df To:tf] /sd ;/sf/L afFsL;/x c;'npk/ ul/g]5 .-#5_ dxflgb]{zs jf eG;f/ clws[tn]o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf nflu cfjZos b]v]dfa}+s, ljQLo ;+:yf Pj+ k}7f/Lstf{sf] sf/f]af/;Fu273


;DalGwt cGo s'g} JolQm jf lgsfoaf6;DalGwt k}7f/Lstf{, lghsf] sf/f]af/ jfdfnj:t';Fu ;DalGwt e'QmfgL, a}+s vftf,gfkmf gf]S;fgsf] lx;fj, s/ ljj/0f, aLhs /o:t} cGo sfuhft dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/Ldfu ul/Psf lx;fj, s/ ljj/0f, aLhs tyfsfuhft pknJw u/fpg' ;DalGwt JolQm jflgsfosf] st{Jo x'g]5 .Æ-!^_ bkmf %# kl5 b]xfosf] bkmf %#s= ylkPsf] 5 M–æ%#s= eG;f/ Ph]G6sf] st{Jo M dfnj:t' eG;f/sfof{noaf6 5'6fpg jf eG;f/ sfof{no;Fu;DalGwt cGo sfo{ ug{sf] nflu o; P]gadf]lhd lgo'Qm eG;f/ Ph]G6sf] st{Jo b]xfoadf]lhd x'g]5 M–-s_ eG;f/ ;DaGwL sfg"gsf] k"0f{ kl/kfngfug]{,-v_ eG;f/ hfFrkf; k|lqmofnfO{ ;/nLs/0fug{ eG;f/ sfof{nonfO{ cfjZos;xof]u k'¥ofpg],-u_ dx;'n c;'n ug]{ sfo{df eG;f/-!&_-3_sfof{nonfO{ cfjZos ;xof]u ug]{,eG;f/ sfof{nosf] sfd sf/afxLdfafwf cj/f]w k'Ug] lsl;dsf s'g} klgsfo{ gug]{,-ª_ lghnfO{ lgo'Qm ug]{ lgsf;Lstf{ jfk}7f/Lstf{nfO{ cfkm" ;dIf pkl:ytu/fpg eG;f/ clws[tn] lnlvt ;"rgflbPdf To:tf] ;"rgf ;DalGwtlgsf;Lstf{ jf k}7f/Lstf{nfO{a'emfpg] .Æbkmf %% sf],–-s_ pkbkmf -!_ df /x]sf æs'g} sfd ug]{Æ eGg]zAbx?kl5 æjf cfˆgf] st{Jo k"/f gug]{Æ eGg]zAbx? /flvPsf 5g\ .274


-!*_-v_-u_-3_bkmf %& sf],–-s_-v_pkbkmf -@_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -@_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-@_ eG;f/ Ph]G6n] pkbkmf -!_adf]lhdsf] sfd t];|f] k6s klg u/]df jfgSsnL z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0fkq jf cGoe'mÝf sfuhft jf ljj/0f k]z u/L Ohfhtkqk|fKt u/]sf] b]lvPdf eG;f/ clws[tn]] lghsf]Ohfht kq /2 ug]{5 .Æpkbkmf -$_ df /x]sf æpkbkmf -!_Æ eGg]zAbx?sf] ;§f æpkbkmf -!_ / -%_Æ eGg]zAbx? / æpkbkmf -@_Æ eGg] zAbx?sf] ;§fæpkbkmf -@_ / -%_Æ eGg] zAbx? /flvPsf5g\ .pkbkmf -$_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -%_ / -^_ylkPsf 5g\ M–æ-%_ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd eG;f/Ph]G6pk/ kmf}Hbf/L s;"/sf] cleof]udfcbfntdf d'2f bfo/ ePdf d'2f bfo/ ePsfldltb]lv lgh :jtM lgnDjg x'g]5 .-^_ s'g} kmf}Hbf/L cleof]udfcbfntaf6 s'g} eG;f/ Ph]G6 bf]ifL k|dfl0ftePdf lghsf] Ohfhtkq :jtM /2 x'g]5 .Æpkbkmf -^_ df /x]sf ædx;'n a/fa/sf]Æ eGg]zAbx?sf] ;§f æeG;f/ dx;'nsf] kRrL;k|ltztÆ eGg] zAbx? /flvPsf 5g\ .pkbkmf -!%_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -!%s_ylkPsf] 5M–æ-!%s_ bkmf #$ adf]lhd k/LIf0f ug]{k|of]hgsf nflu dfu u/]sf lx;fj, s/ ljj/0f,aLhs tyf sfuhft tf]lsPsf] ;dodf pknAwgu/fpg] k}7f/Lstf{nfO{ dxflgb]{zs jf eG;f/clws[tn] k6s}lkR5] bz xhf/ ?k}ofF hl/jfgfug{ ;Sg]5 .Æ275


-!(_-@)_-u_ pkbkmf -!&_ kl5 b]xfosf pkbkmf -!*_, -!(_/ -@)_ ylkPsf 5g\ M–æ-!*_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg bkmf @) sf] pkbkmf -@_sf] v08 -s_, -v_ jf -u_ adf]lhd hfFrkf;ePsf dfnj:t' k}7f/Lstf{n] eG;f/ If]qaf6p7fO{ n}hfg'cl3 jf eG;f/If]q aflx/nlu;s]kl5 clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/Ln] o; P]gadf]lhd k'gM hfFr ubf{ k}7f/Lstf{n] 3f]if0ffu/]sf]eGbf dfnj:t'sf] gfd, k|s[lt, ef}ltsljz]iftf, rfl/lqs u'0f, gfk, cfsf/ tyfu'0f:t/df km/s kfOPdf To;/L ljj/0f km/skf/L k}7f/L u/]jfkt o; bkmfdf plNnlvthl/jfgf / dx;'nsf cltl/Qm To:tf]dfnj:t'sf] d"Nosf] tLg;o k|ltzt ykhl/jfgf c;'n u/L dfnj:t' 5fl8lbg] jfTo:tf] dfnj:t' hkmt u/L ;f] dfnj:t'sf]d"Nosf] b'O{;o k|ltzt hl/jfgf ul/g]5 .-!(_ pkbkmf -!*_ adf]lhd ;hfokfPsf] k}7f/Lstf{n] k'gM lgsf;L tyf k}7f/L;DaGwL sfo{ ug{ gkfpg] u/L ljefun] sf/f]jf//f]Ssf ug{ ;Sg]5 .-@)_ s'g} JolQmn] o; P]g jf cGok|rlnt P]g adf]lhd k"0f{ jf cf+lzs eG;f/dx;'n 5'6 jf ;'ljwfdf k}7f/L u/]sf dfnj:t',h'g p2]Zon] k}7f/L u/]sf] xf] ;f] p2]Zo ljk/Ltk|of]u jf ljqmL u/]sf] jf 5'6 jf ;'ljwf gkfpg]JolQmn] cf+lzs eG;f/ dx;'n 5'6 jf ;'ljwfdfs'g} dfnj:t' k}7f/L u/]sf] kfOPdf eG;f/clws[tn] To:tf dfnj:t'sf] eG;f/ d"Nosf]ztk|ltzt hl/jfgf ug{ ;Sg]5 .Æbkmf %( sf] pkbkmf -!_ df /x]sf ætLg xhf/?k}ofFb]lv bz xhf/ ?k}ofF;DdÆ eGg] zAbx?sf] ;§fækRrL; xhf/ ?k}ofFb]lv krf; xhf/ ?k}ofF;DdÆ eGg]zAbx? /flvPsf 5g\ .bkmf ^! sf],–276


-s_-v_-u_pkbkmf -!_ df /x]sf ækGw| lbgleqÆ eGg]zAbx?sf] ;§f ætL; lbgleqÆ eGg] zAbx?/flvPsf 5g\ .pkbkmf -%_ sf] ;§f b]xfosf] pkbkmf -%_/flvPsf] 5 M–æ-%_ d"NofÍg k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltn]o; bkmf adf]lhd k'g/fjnf]sg ubf{ eG;f/clws[tn] bkmf !# adf]lhd u/]sf] eG;f/d"NofÍg 7Ls eP gePsf] ;DaGwdf hfFra'emu/L eG;f/ clws[tn] u/]sf] d"NofÍgnfO{ g}sfod ug{, ab/ ug{, To:tf dfnj:t'sf] o;P]g adf]lhd d"NofÍg ul/lbg jf eG;f/clws[tnfO{ k'gM d"NofÍg ug{sf] nflu cfb]zlbg ;Sg]5 . d"NofÍg k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltn]To;/L d"NofÍg sfod ubf{, ab/ ubf{, d"NofÍgubf{ jf k'gM d"NofÍgsf] nflu cfb]z lb+bf :ki6sf/0f / cfwf/ ;d]t v'nfpg' kg]{5 .Æpkbkmf -&_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -*_ /flvPsf]5 M–æ-*_ d"NofÍg k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltn]pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhd k'g/fnf]sg ubf{ bkmf !#sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ug]{5 .Æ-@!_ bkmf ^! kl5 b]xfosf] bkmf ^!s= ylkPsf] 5 M–æ^!s= dfnj:t'sf] juL{s/0f pk/ k'g/fjnf]sgsf]Joj:yf M -!_ eG;f/ clws[tn] bkmf @@adf]lhd u/]sf] dfnj:t'sf] juL{s/0f pk/ lrQgj'‰g] JolQmn] To:tf] dfnj:t' hfFrkf; ePsf]ldltn] tL; lbgleq k'g/fjnf]sgsf] nfludxflgb]{zs ;dIf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgj]bg ;fyTo:tf] dfnj:t'sf] gd"gf Pj+ cfˆgf] lgj]bgsf]Joxf]/f k'i6\ofFO x'g] cfjZos sfuhft ;d]tk]z ug'{ kg]{5 .-#_ o; bkmf adf]lhd dxflgb]{zsn]dfnj:t'sf] juL{s/0fsf] lg0f{o pk/277


-@@_bkmf ^@ sf],–-s_-v_-u_k'g/fjnf]sg ubf{ jf bkmf @@ sf] pkbkmf -&_adf]lhd lg0f{o ubf{ k|rlnt cfly{s P]g, ljZjeG;f/ ;+u7gåf/f k|ltkflbt xfdf]{gfOH8 j:t'juL{s/0f tyf ;+s]tLs/0f k|0ffnL, ;f] k|0ffnLsf]JofVof ;DaGwL lgodx?, JofVofTdsl6Kk0fLx?, ljZj eG;f/ ;+u7gåf/f ul/Psfj:t' juL{s/0f ;DaGwL lg0f{ox?, ljZj eG;f/;+u7gsf] xfdf]{gfOH8 l;i6d sldl6n] lbPsf]/fox?nfO{ cfwf/ lng ;Sg]5 .-$_ s'g} dfnj:t'sf] juL{s/0fsf;DaGwdf lg0f{o lng' cl3 dxflgb]{zsn]ljefusf] jf cGo ;/sf/L lgsfosf]k|of]uzfnfaf6 k/LIf0f u/fO{ ;f] ;DaGwLljz]if1sf] /fo lng jf s'g} dfnj:t'sf;DaGwdf ;DalGwt ljz]if1 jf /fli6«o jfcGt/f{li6«o lgsfosf] /fo lng ;Sg]5 .-%_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd kg{ cfPsfjuL{s/0f ;DaGwL k'g/fjnf]sgsf lgj]bgpk/dxflgb]{zsn] ;f7L lbgleq lg0f{o lbO{ ;Sg'kg]{5 .t/ cGt/f{li6«o lgsfo;Fu /fo lnO{lg0f{o ug'{kg]{ cj:yfdf o; pkbkmfadf]lhdsf] ;dofjlw nfu" x'g] 5}g .Æpkbkmf -@_ df /x]sf æeG;f/ sfof{nodfÆeGg] zAbx?sf] ;§f æeG;f/ sfof{no jfeG;f/ hfFrkf; k/LIf0f sfof{nodfÆ eGg]zAbx? /flvPsf 5g\ .pkbkmf -#_ df /x]sf æeG;f/ sfof{nodfÆ eGg]zAbx?sf] ;§f æeG;f/ sfof{no jf eG;f/hfFrkf; k/LIf0f sfof{nodfÆ eGg] zAbx?/flvPsf 5g\ .pkbkmf -$_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -%_ ylkPsf]5 M–278


-@#_-@$_-@%_æ-%_ bkmf ^!s= adf]lhd dxflgb]{zsn]u/]sf] juL{s/0f jf k'g/fjnf]sgsf] lg0f{odflrQ gj'‰g] JolQmn] ;f] lg0f{osf] hfgsf/LkfPsf] ldltn] k}+tL; lbgleq /fh:jGofoflws/0fdf k'g/fj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .Æbkmf ^# sf] pkbkmf -#_ kl5 b]xfosf] pkbkmf -$_ylkPsf] 5 M–æ-$_ o; P]g ad]flhdsf] sfd sf/jfxLsf]l;nl;nfdf dxflgb]{zsn] lbPsf] cfb]z jf lgb]{zgsf]kfngf gug]{ jf nfk/jfxL jf ablgotk"j{s sfd ug]{eG;f/ sfof{nosf] sd{rf/LnfO{ dxflgb]{zsn] ljefuLosf/jfxL ug{ ;Sg]5 .Æbkmf &$ sf] pkbkmf -!_ df /x]sf ækl5af6 b]lvgcfPdfÆ eGg] zAbx?kl5 æjf ljefun] s'g} dfWodaf6hfgsf/L k|fKt u/L c;'n ug{ cfb]z lbPdfÆ eGg]zAbx? ylkPsf 5g\ .bkmf *@ df /x]sf æ;ft lbgsf]Æ eGg] zAbx?sf] ;§fækGw| lbgsf]Æ eGg] zAbx? /flvPsf 5g\ .-@^_ bkmf *( sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf *( /flvPsf] 5 M–æ*(= k"jf{b]z ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/n]dfnj:t'sf] juL{s/0f ;DaGwdf k"jf{b]z hf/Lug{ ;Sg] u/L g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sflztu/L ;ldlt u7g ug{ ;Sg]5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ul7t ;ldlt;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf ;f]xL ;"rgfdf tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .Æ-@&_ bkmf *( kl5 b]xfosf] bkmf *(s= ylkPsf] 5 M–æ*(s= eG;f/ ;xof]u ;DaGwL ;Demf}tf ug{ ;Sg] M-!_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] Jofkf/ ;xhLs/0f, eG;f/;DaGwL kf/:kl/s ;xof]u Pj+ ;"rgfcfbfg÷k|bfg ug{sf nflu ljb]zL d'n's;Fu;Demf}tf ug{ ;Sg]5 .279


-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] sfo{sf]nflu dxflgb]{zsn] ;Ifd clwsf/Lsf] ?kdfsfo{ ug]{5 .-#_ ;lGw ;DaGwL k|rlnt g]kfnsfg"gsf] cwLgdf /xL dxflgb]{zsn] o; bkmfadf]lhdsf] ;Demf}tfsf ;DaGwdf csf]{ d'n'ssf];Ifd clwsf/L;Fu jftf{ ug{ jf ;Demf}tfsf]clGtd d:of}bf jf k|fdfl0fs k|lt :jLsf/ ug{;Sg]5 .Æ-@*_ bkmf () sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf () /flvPsf] 5 M–æ()= cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ o; P]gsf]sfof{Gjog ubf{ s'g} afwf c8\sfp k/]df ;f]afwf c8\sfp x6fpgsf] nflu cy{ dGqfnon]o; P]gsf] k|lts"n gx'g] u/L g]kfn /fhkqdf;"rgf k|sfzg ug{ ;Sg]5 .-@_ eG;f/ d"No lgwf{/0f jf dfnj:t'hfFrkf; jf eG;f/ k|lqmof ;DaGwL cGo s'g}s'/fdf eG;f/ clws[tnfO{ låljwf ePdf jf o;k|sf/sf sfo{ ;Dkfbgdf s'g} afwf c8\sfpk/]df dxflgb]{zsn] To:tf] låljwf x6fpg jfjfwf c8\sfp km'sfpg eG;f/ clws[tnfO{o; P]gsf] k|lts"n gx'g] u/L pko'Qm cfb]zlbg ;Sg]5 .Æ-@(_ bkmf (! sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf (! /flvPsf] 5 M–æ(!= sf/afxL ug]{ clwsf/ M eG;f/ If]q afx]scGoqaf6 eG;f/ dx;'n 5nL NofPsf dfnj:t's;}n] kqmfp u/L k]z u/]sf] ;DaGwdf sf/jfxLug]{ clwsf/ dxflgb]{zs jf lghn] tf]s]sf] s'g}clws[tnfO{ / To:tf] dfnj:t' s'g} eG;f/sfof{nodf k]z ePsf]df ;DalGwt eG;f/clws[tnfO{ ;f] dfnj:t'sf] ;DaGwdf sf/jfxLug]{ clwsf/ x'g]5 .Æ-#)_ bkmf (# sf] ;§f b]xfosf] bkmf (# /flvPsf] 5 M–æ(#= lgb]{lzsf jf sfo{ljlw agfpg ;Sg] clwsf/ Mljefun] of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf]280


lgodsf] cwLgdf /xL b]xfosf ljifodflgb]{lzsf jf sfo{ljlw agfO{ nfu" ug{ ;Sg]5 M-s_ dfnj:t'sf] d"NofÍg,-v_ 5gf}6 k|0ffnL adf]lhd dfnj:t'sf]hfFrkf;,-u_ hfFrkf; kl5sf] k/LIf0f,-3_ /fxt ;fdu|L hfFrkf;,-ª_ ljB'tLo 3f]if0ff, hfFrkf; Pj+ /fh:je'QmfgL,-r_ eG;f/sf] sfo{;Dkfbg;Fu ;DalGwtcGo ljifo .Æ#@= cf}Bf]lus Joj;fo P]g, @)$( sf] bkmf !% sf] v08 -s_lemlsPsf] 5 .##= ;+zf]wg jf vf/]hL axfn /xg] cjlw M k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s}s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg o; P]gåf/f ;+zf]wg jf vf/]h ePsfP]gsf k|fjwfg of] P]g jxfn /x];Ddsf] nflu dfq ;+zf]wg jfvf/]h x'g]5 / ;f] cjlw Joltt ePkl5 To:tf k|fjwfg :jtMhfu]sf] dflgg]5 .281


cg';"rL–!-bkmf @ sf] pkbkmf -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_!= eG;f/ dx;'nM -!_ ljb]zaf6 g]kfnleq k}7f/L x'g] dfnj:t'dfcfly{s P]g, @)&! sf] cg';"rL–! df plNnlvt zLif{s, pkzLif{s,dfnj:t'sf ljj/0fx¿ / cGo Joj:yfx¿df ;d]t b]xfo adf]lhd;+zf]wg / yk u/L eG;f/ dx;'n b/ nufOPsf] 5 . o;dfplNnlvt ;+zf]wg / yk afx]ssf kl/R5]b / efusf b|i6Jox¿,zLif{s, pkzLif{sx¿, dfnj:t'sf ljj/0fx¿ / dfnj:t'sf]k}7f/Lsf b/x¿ ;d]t cfly{s P]g, @)&! adf]lhd g} x'g]5g\ .zLif{s pkzLif{s dfnj:t'sf] ljj/0fk}7f/L eG;f/dx;'n b/cGoyfpNn]vePsf]dfafx]s df]nk|ltztdf! @ # $04.05 b"waf6 lgsflnPsf gf}gL tyf cGo :g]x-ˆof6 jf lrNnf] kbfy{x?_ / t]nx?-cfoN;_Ù b'Uw lj:t/0f -8]/L :k]|8\;_ .0405.10.00 –gf}gL -a6/_ 200405.20.00 –b'Uw lj:t/0f -8]/L :k|]8\;_ 200405.90.00 –cGo 20zLif{s )&=!# sf] pkzLif{s )&!#=@)=))df /x]sf] æ;fgf] s]/fpÆ eGg] zAbx?sf];§f ærgfÆ eGg] zAb /flvPsf] 5 .zLif{s !!=)! sf] pkzLif{s !!)!=))=))df /x]sf] ækL7f]Æ eGg] zAbsf] ;§f æd}bfÆeGg] zAb /flvPsf] 5 .zLif{s !!=)# sf] zLif{sdf /x]sf] æux'FÆeGg] zAbsf] ;§f æcGgÆ eGg] zAb/flvPsf] 5 .zLif{s #(!^ sf] zLif{s kf7sf] ;§fb]xfosf] zLif{s kf7 /flvPsf] 5M282


22.08 *) k|ltzt eGbf sd 3gTj cNsf]xnzlQm ePsf] cljs[t -cgl8g]r8{_ PlyncNsf]xnÙ c/v -l:kl/6\;_, dlb/f -lns;{_/ cGo dfbs -l:kl/r'c;_ k]ox?-a]e/]h]h_ .–c+u'/sf] jfOg jf c+u'/ dfs{af6lgsflnPsf] l:k|6 -a|f08L_M2208.20.90 ––cGo k|=ln=?=!@)).––JxL:sLx? M2208.30.90 ––cGo k|=ln=?=!@)).––pv'sf] pTkfbgx?nfO{ s'xfP/ r'nfO{ u/LlgsflnPsf] /d / cGo :k|L6M2208.40.90 ––cGo k|=ln=?=!@)).––hLg / h]g]ef M2208.50.90 ––cGo k|=ln=?=!@)).––ef]8\sf M2208.60.90 –cGo k|=ln=?=!@)).––dlb/f -lns;{_ tyf p2Lks -sl8{oN;_M2208.70.90 ––cGo k|=ln=?=!@)).––cGo M2208.90.90 ––cGo k|=ln=?=!@)).–24.02 ;'tL{ jf ;'tL{sf] k|lt:yfks -;lJ:6Ro"6_af6 jg]sf] l;uf/, r'/f]6 -r]?6\;_, ;fgf]l;uf/ -l;ufl/n;_ / r'/f]6 -l;u/]6_ .2402.10.00 –;'tL{sf] l;uf/, r'/f]6 -r]?6_ / ;fgf]l;uf/-l;ufl/n;_k|=xhf/lvNnL?=$%)).–2402.20.00 –;'tL{sf] r'/f]6 -l;u/]6_ k|=xhf/lvNnL?=$%)).–283


2402.90.00 –cGo k|=xhf/lvNnL?=$%)).–39.16 Knfli6ssf], s'g} klg qm; ;]S;gn8fOd]G;g ! Pd=Pd= eGbf a9L ePsf]df]gf]lkmnfd]G6 ;km]{]{; js{ -;txL sfo{_u/]sf] jf gu/]sf] t/ To; afx]s s]xLgu/]sf] 808L -/8_, 58L -:6Ls_ /k|f]kmfOn cfsf/ -;]k_ x? .44.01 afNg] bfp/f, d'9f, lr/]sf] df]6f] 6'qmf-ljn]6_, xf+uf lj+uf jf bfp/fsf] afw]sf]lj6f], jf o:t} ?kdfÙ sf7sf rf]O6frf]O6Ljf dl;gf 6'qmf6fqmL -kfl6{sn_Ù sf7lr/]sf] w"nf], sf7sf] cjz]if, /2L j:t',d'9f], lj|s]6 -lyr]/ agfOPsf] rSsf_, k]n]6-d6\ofË|f_ jf o:t} ?kdf Pslqt ul/Psf]jf gul/Psf] .4401.10.00 –afNg] bfp/f, d'9f, lr/]sf] df]6f] 6'qmf-ljn]6_, xf+uf ljuf, bfp/fsf] lj6f] jf o:t}?kdf 5–sf7sf] rf]O6f rf]O6L jf dl;gf 6'qmf6fqmL-kfl6{sn_M4401.21.00 ––b]jbf/ hfltsf -sf]lgkm/;_ 54401.22.00 ––b]jbf/ hflt afx]ssf -gg\sf]lgkm]/;_ 5–sf7sf] w"nf], sf7sf] cjz]if / /2L j:t',d'9f, rSsf -lj|s]6_, u'l6sf -k]n]6_ x? jfo:t} ?kdf Pslqt ul/Psf] jf gul/Psf]4401.31.00 ––sf7sf u'l6sf -p8 k]n]6_ x? 54401.39.00 ––cGo 549.11 cGo d'lb|t j:t'x?, d'lb|t lrq / cfnf]slrq -kmf]6f]u|fkm_ ;d]t .––cGo M4911.99.10 –––sDKo"6/ ;ˆ6j]o/sf d'lb|t kqx? 54911.99.20 –––l/rfh{ sf8{x? 204911.99.90 –––cGo 20284


63.06 lqkfnx? -6f/kf]lnG;_, gf}sf -jf]6_,;]naf]8{ jf e" ofg -Nof08S|ofˆ6_ lgldQsfkfnx? -;]N;_, hxfhsf] cfR5fbg r+b'jf-clgË;_, ‰ofnsf aflx/L kbf{x?-;gAnfO08\;_, kfnx? -6]06\;_ / lzlj/-SoflDkË_ sf ;fdfgx? .–lqkfnx?, hxfhsf] r+b'jf -clgË;_ /;"o{sf] k|sfz 5]Sg] ‰ofnsf aflx/L kbf{-;gAnfO08\;_ M6306.12.00 ––;+Zn]lift /]zfx?sf] 156306.19.00 ––cGo sk8f kbfy{sf] 15–kfnx? -6]G6;_ M6306.22.00 ––;+Zn]lift /]zfx?sf] 156306.29.00 ––cGo sk8f kbfy{sf] 1568.02 zLif{s ^*=)! sf j:t'x? afx]ssf :df/sjf lgdf{0fsf] nflu tof/ u/]sf 9'+uf -:n]6afx]s_ / ltgsf ;fdfgx?Ù k[i7 ;fdu|L-AoflsË_ ePsf] jf gePsf] k|fs[lts 9'+uf-:n]6 ;lxt_ sf ;+udd{/sf 7f]; bfgf-df]Hofs So"A;_ / o:t} ;fdfg k|fs[lts9'+uf -:n]6 ;lxt_ sf s[lqd ?kn] /+ufOPsfbfgfx?, /f]8f, luvf{, 6'qmfx?, / w"nf] -:n]6;lxt_ .–r]K6f] jf ;dtn ;tx ePsf] ;fdfGo?kn] sfl6Psf] jf lr/]sf] cGo :df/s jflgdf{0fsf] nflu tof/ ul/Psf] 9+'uf /ltgsf j:t'x? M6802.23.00 ––kTy/ jf r§fg -u|]gfO6_ 20–cGo M6802.93.00 ––kTy/ jf r§fg -u|]gfO6_ 2069.04 lgdf{0fsf df6fsf O{6fx?, e"O{ 9fSg]l9sfx? -ˆnf]l/ËAnS;_, 6]jfx? -;kf]6{\;_jf lkmn/ 6fOnx? / o:t} ;fdfgx? .6904.10.00 –lgdf{0fsf O{6fx? 10pkzLif{s &#!)=@ df /x]sf æ–%) ln6/jf sd Ifdtfsf]Æ eGg] zAbx?sf] ;§f æ–%) ln6/ eGbf sd Ifdtfsf]Æ eGg]zAbx? /flvPsf] 5 .285


efu &!=)! sf] pkefu ! df /x]sf]æ-sNr8{_Æ eGg] zAb kl5 ædf]tL /Æ eGg]zAb ylkPsf 5g\ .zLif{s &!=)! df /x]sf] d"n kf7sf] ;§fb]xfosf] d"n kf7 /flvPsf] 5 M71.01 sf/Lu/L ul/Psf] jf gul/Psf], 5'6\ofPsf]jf g5'6\ofPsf] t/ gpg]sf], c8];fgnufPsf] -dfp06]8_ jf gh8]sf] -;]6_?kdf gePsf] k|fs[lts jf ;Dal4{t df]tLÙkl/jxgsf] ;'ljwfsf nflu c:yfoL ?kdfpg]sf] k|fs[lts jf ;Dal4{t df]tL .72.10 ^)) ld=ld=jf ;f] eGbf a9L rf}8fOsf],cfR5flbt, -SNof8\_, hnk -Kn]6]8_ jfn]lkt -sf]6]8\_ ul/Psf kmnfd jf cldl>tO{:kft -gg\PNjfo_ sf ˆNof6/f]N8pTkfbgx? .–cGo lsl;daf6 h:tf -lhÍ_ sf] hnk jfn]k nufOPsf] M7210.41.00 ––ss{6Ls[t -u/fu/f kfl/Psf] jf sf]?u]6]8\_ 1572.16 kmnfd jf cldl>t -gg\–PNjfo :6Ln_:kftsf P]Ën -sf]0f_ z]K; -cfsf/_ /;]S;gx? -efux?_ .7216.10.00 –tfka]lnt -x6 /f]N8_, tfk slif{t-x68«g_ jf tfk jlxis[t -x6 PS;6'«8]8\_afx]s cGo sfo{ gul/Psf], *) ld=ld=eGbfsd p+rfO ePsf] o", cfO jf Pr efux?-;]S;G;_ 20–tfka]lnt, tfk slif{t jf tfk jlxis[tafx]s cGo sfo{ gul/Psf], *) ld=ld=eGbfsd p+rfO ePsf] Pn jf 6L efux?-;]S;G;_ M7216.21.00 ––Pn ;]S;gx? <strong>2072</strong>16.22.00 ––l6 ;]S;gx? 20–tfka]lnt, tfk slif{t jf tfk alxis[tafx]s cGo sfo{ gul/Psf], *) ld=ld= jf;f] eGbf a9L p+rfO ePsf] o", cfO jf Pr\efux? -;]S;G;_M7216.31.00 ––o" ;]S;gx? 20286


7216.32.00 ––cfO{ ;]S;gx? <strong>2072</strong>16.33.00 ––Pr ;]S;gx? <strong>2072</strong>16.40.00 ––tfka]lnt tfk slif{t jf tfk jlxis[tafx]s cGo s'g} sfd gul/Psf], *) ld=ld=jf ;f] eGbf a9L p+rfO ePsf], Pn jf 6Lefux? -;]S;G;_ <strong>2072</strong>16.50.00 –tfka]lnt, tfkslif{t jf tfk alxis[tafx]s cGo sfo{ gul/Psf], sf]0fx? -P+un_cfsf/ -z]K;_ / efux? -;]S;G;_ 20–lzt lgld{t -sf]N8 kmf]D8{_ jf lztkl/is[t -sf]N8 lkmlg:8_ afx]s cGo sfdgePsf, sf]0fx? -P+uN;_, cfsf/x? -z]K;_/ v08x? -;]S;G;_M7216.61.00 ––;dtn j]ng -kmNof6 /f]N8_pTkfbgx?af6 pknAw <strong>2072</strong>16.69.00 ––cGo 20–cGo M7216.91.00 ––;dtn–a]ng -ˆNof6–/f]N8_pTkfbgx?af6 lzt–lgld{t-sf]N8–kmf]D8{_ jflzt kl/is[t -sf]N8 lkmlg:8_ ul/Psf <strong>2072</strong>16.99.00 ––cGo 2084.71 :jo+rflnt cf+s8f pkof]uL agfpg] oGqx?-c6f]Dofl6s 8]6f k|f];]l;Ë d]lzG;_ /ltgsf OsfOx? -o"lg6\;_Ù DofUg]l6s-r'DjsLo_ jf rfIf'if jf k|sfzLo-cf]lK6sn_ l/8;{x?, zLif{sj4 ?kdf-sf]8]8 kmf]}d{_ cf+s8f dfWod -8]6f ldl8of_df cfs+8f -8]6f_ nfO{ cg'n]vg ug]{-6«fG;s«fOlaË_ lgldQsf oGqx? / To:tfcf+s8fx? -8]6f_ nfO{ pkof]uLs/0f-k|f];]l;Ë_ ug]{ oGqx?, cGoq pNn]vgePsf] jf ;dfj]z gul/Psf] .287


–pkzLif{s *$&!=$! jf *$&!=$(afx]ssf cle;+:s/0f OsfOx?-k|f];]l;Ë o"lg6\;_, Pp6} pxL 9f+rf-xfplhË_ leq b]xfosf lsl;d-6fOk_ sf Ps jf b'O{ OsfO{ ;dflji6ePsf jf gePsfM ;+ro OsfOx?-:6f]/]h o"lg6\;_, lgj]z OsfOx?-Ogk'6 o"lg6;\_, pTkfbg OsfOx?-cfp6k'6 o"lg6\;_M8471.50.10 ––sDKo"6/ ;e{/ tyf g]6js{ ;e{/x? dfkmL8471.50.90 ––cGo dfkmL–;+ro OsfOx? -:6f]/]h o"lg6\;_M8471.70.10 ––sDKo"6/sf xf8{ l8:s, cfGtl/s-OG6g{n_dfkmL8471.70.20 ––sDKo"6/sf xf8{ l8:s, :yfgfGt/0f ug{;Sg] -kf]6]{jn_ jf jfx\o -PS:6g{n_ 58471.70.90 ––cGo 585.04 ljB'tsf 6«fG;kmd{/x?, :6\ofl6s sGe6{;{-h:t}–/]S6Lkmfo/_ / OG8S6/ .–t/n ld;fPsf] 6«fG;kmd{/x? M8504.22.00 ––^%) s]=eL=P= eGbf a9Lsf] t/ !),)))s]=eL=P ;Dd zlQm ;+rfng ug]{ IfdtfePsf] 158504.23.00 ––!),))) s]=eL=P= eGbf a9L zlQm;+rfng ug]{ Ifdtf ePsf] 15–cGo 6«fG;kmd{/x?M8504.34.00 ––%)) s]=eL=P= eGbf a9L zlQm ;+rfngIfdtf ePsf] 1585.23 l8:sx?, 6]kx?, ;'ul7t cj:yfsfjfikLs/0f gx'g] -;f]ln8–:6]6 gg\–ef]nf6fOn_ ;+ro pks/0fx?, æ:df6{sf8{x?Æ / WjgL jf cGo k|j[lQnfO{clen]vg ug{ lgldQsf cGo dfWod,clen]vg ul/Psf jf gul/Psf l8:spTkfbgsf nflu k|of]u x'g] Dofl6«;x? /dfi6/x?, t/ efu #& sf pTkfbgx?afx]s .288


8523.29.00 ––cGo dfkmL85.23 l8:sx?, 6]kx?, ;'ul7t cj:yfsfjfikLs/0f gx'g] -;f]ln8–:6]6 gg\–ef]nf6fOn_ ;+ro pks/0fx?, æ:df6{sf8{x?Æ / WjgL jf cGo k|j[lQnfO{clen]vg ug{ lgldQsf cGo dfWod,clen]vg ul/Psf jf gul/Psf l8:spTkfbgsf nflu k|of]u x'g] Dofl6«;x? /dfi6/x?, t/ efu #& sf pTkfbgx?afx]s .–cGoM8523.80.10 ––;ˆ6j]o/x? dfkmL8523.80.90 ––cGo dfkmL85.46 s'g} klg kbfy{sf] On]lS6«sn OG;'n]6/ .8546.90.00 –cGo 3087.03 d"ntM dflg;sf] oftfoftsf] nflu ag]sfdf]6/ sf/x? / cGo df]6/ uf8Lx? -zLif{s*&=)@ afx]ssf_, :6];g jfu]g / /];Lªsf/ ;d]t .–cGoM––ljB'tåf/f ;~rflnt M8703.90.11 –––tLg kfË|] 308703.90.19 –––cGo 808703.90.90 ––cGo 8087.06 zLif{s *&=)! b]lv *&=)% ;Ddsf] df]6/uf8Lsf nflu OlGhg;+u hf]l8Psf r]l;; .8706.00.10 –zLif{s *&)! sf 6\ofS6/x?sf 58706.00.20 –ldlga;x? -!% b]lv @% ;Dd l;6ePsf]_ sf 308706.00.30 –dfOqmf]a;x? -!! b]lv !$ ;Dd l;6ePsf]_ sf 308706.00.40 –hLk sf/ / Eofgx?sf 808706.00.50 –ltg kf+u|] uf8Lx? -c6f]l/S;f_ sf 308706.00.60 –lksck uf8Lx?sf 30289


8706.00.70 –/fhdfu{ aflx/sf] k|of]usf nflu lgld{t8Dk/x?sf 308706.00.80 –a;, 6«sx?sf 308706.00.90 –cGo 3090.07 Wjlg clen]v ug]{ jf Wjlg ptfg]{pks/0fx? ;dfj]z ePsf] jf gePsf]rnlrq ;DaGwL Sofd/f / k|f]h]S6/x? .9007.20.00 –k|If]ksx? -k|f]h]S6;{_ 1090.08 rnlrq ;DaGwL afx]s cfs[lt k|If]ks-k|f]h]S6/_Ù t:jL/ ;DaGwL -rnlrq afx]s_a9fpg] / 36fpg] oGq .9008.50.00 –k|f]h]S6/x?, a9fpg] oGq -OGnfh{/_ x? /36fpg] oGq -/]8\o';/_ x? 1094.06 9406.00.00 k"j{ lgld{t ejg . 15@=-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f pNn]v eP tfklgb]xfosf Joj:yfsf] ;DaGwdf b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 .ofq'x¿n] eG;f/ dx;'n 5"6df Nofpg kfpg] dfnj:t' afx]slghL u'06f, l´6L ef/L ;DaGwL ;"rgf cg';f/ ljb]zaf6cfk"m;Fu NofPsf] -PsDklg8_ jf cfk"m cfpg'eGbf cl3 jf kl5NofPsf] -cgPsDklg8_ dfnj:t'df eG;f/ dx;'n, cGtMz'Nstyf d"No clej[l4 s/sf] ;§f b]xfo adf]lhd Psd'i6 ;db/af6eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]5M–-s_-v_-u_-3_eG;f/ b/ dfkmL ePsf dfnj:t'df kGw| k|ltzt,kfFr k|ltzt eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg] dfnj:t'df aL;k|ltzt,bz k|ltzt eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg] dfnj:t'df kRrL;k|ltztÙkGw| k|ltzt eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg] dfnj:t'df tL;k|ltztÙ-ª_ aL; k|ltzt eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg] dfnj:t'df k}+tL;k|ltztÙ-r_tL; k|ltzt eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg] dfnj:t'df krf;k|ltzt,290


t/,-!_-@_-#_-$_rfFbLsf uxgf, r'/f]6, kfOk 6f]jfsf], dlb/f,;jf/L ;fwgx¿, xftxltof/, v/vhfgf Pj+cGo k}7f/L Ohfhtkq lnO{ k}7f/L ug{ kfOg]dfnj:t'x¿df b/aGbL adf]lhd g} dx;'nnfUg]5 .;'g, ;'gsf uxgf / rfFbLdf bkmf !$ sf]pkbkmf -#_ sf] v08 -em_ df pNn]v ePadf]lhdsf] b/ nfUg]5 .g]kfn /fhkqdf k|sflzt lghL u'06f, lem6Lef/L ;DaGwL ;"rgfdf plNnlvt 6]lnlehgdWo] Pn=;L=8L=, KnfHdf jf Pn=O=8L=6]lnlehgdf bkmf !( sf] pkbkmf -!$_adf]lhd dx;'n nfUg]5 .g]kfn /fhkqdf k|sflzt lghL u'06f, lem6Lef/L ;DaGwL ;"rgfdf tf]lsPsf] kl/df0feGbfa9L ePsf] dfnj:t'df nfUg] dx;'nsf] ztk|ltzt yk u/L c;'n ul/g]5 .#= ef/tdf pTkflbt dfnj:t' ef/taf6} g]kfnleq k}7f/L x'Fbfd"Nout b/ -kl/df0fut b/ afx]s_ cg';f/ nfUg] eG;f/dx;'ndf tL; k|ltzt;Ddsf] b/df kfFr k|ltzt / ;f]eGbfa9Lsf b/x¿df tLg k|ltzt 5'6 lbOg]5 .$= hgjfbL u0ftGq rLgdf pTkflbt dfnj:t' rLgsf] :jzfl;tIf]q ltAjtaf6 g]kfnleq k|tLtkqsf] dfWodaf6 k}7f/L x'Fbfd"Nout b/ -kl/df0fut b/ afx]s_ cg';f/ nfUg] eG;f/ dx;'nb/df tLg k|ltzt 5'6 lbOg]5 .%= cd]l/sL 8n/ bz xhf/ d"No;Ddsf g]kfndf pTkfbg ePsfdfnj:t'x¿ lgsf;L ubf{ lgsf;Lstf{n] ljb]zL d'b|f k|fKtLsf]sfuhft tTsfn k]z ug{ g;Sg] cj:yf ePdf pQm sfuhftx¿kl5 k]z ug]{ zt{df k|fKt x'g'kg]{ ljb]zL d'b|f jfktsf] /sdsf]j}Í Uof/]06L /fvL lgsf;L ug{ lbOg]5 . lgsf;Lstf{n] lgsf;Lu/]sf] ^ dlxgfleq ljb]zL d'b|f e'QmfgL k|fKtLsf] sfuhft jflgsf;L ePsf] dfnj:t' lkmtf{ cfPsf] eP ;f]sf] k|df0f k]z u/Lj}Í Uof/]06L km's'jf u/fpg' kg]{5 . pQm cjlwleq e'QmfgLsf]291


sfuhft jf lgsf;L ePsf] ;fdfg lkmtf{ cfPsf] k|df0f k]z u/Lj}Í Uof/]06L km's'jf gu/fPdf ;DalGwt eG;f/ sfof{non] j}Íhdfgt lbg] j}Í;+u ;f] jfkt /fv]sf] a}Í Uof/]06Lsf] /sd dfuug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L dfu u/]sf] cj:yfdf pQm /sd kGw| lbgleqa}Ín] ;DalGwt eG;f/ sfof{nodf clgjfo{ ¿kdf k7fpg'kg]{5 . pk/f]Qm cg';f/ k|fKt ePsf] /sd clanDj /fh:jvftfdf bflvnf ul/g]5 .^= o; cg';"rLsf] bkmf @) df plNnlvt g]kfn ;/sf/sf];+j]bgzLn ;"rLdf k/]sf dfnj:t'x¿ / o;} cg';"rLsf] bkmf @!df plNnlvt dfnj:t'x¿ afx]s ;fs{ d'n'sdf pTkflbt cGodfnj:t'x¿ ;f]xL d'n'sdf k|tLtkq vf]nL ;f]xL d'n'saf6}lan÷lahs agL ;f]xL d'n'saf6} ;fˆ6f ;Dem}ftf adf]lhd ;fˆ6fpTklQsf] k|df0fkq ;lxt k}7f/L ePdf ;Djt\ @)^@ k'; !& ut]sfod /x]sf] b]xfo cg';f/sf] eG;f/ dx;'n b/df cf+lzs 5'6lbO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] b/df eG;f/ dx;'n c;'n ul/g]5 .t/,-!_;Djt\ @)^@ k'; !& df sfod /x]sf]eG;f/ dx;'n b/;fs{ d'n'sx¿af6 k}7f/L ubf{ nfUg]eG;f/ dx;'n b/%Ü %Ü!)Ü!%Ü@%Ü#%Ü$)Ü*)Ü^Ü&=@%Ü(=%Ü!!=@%Ü!!=@%Ü!!=@%Ü;fs{ d'n'saf6 k}7f/L ubf{ nfUg] egL dfly pNn]vePsf]eGbf o; cfly{s P]gåf/f tf]lsPsf] eG;f/ dx;'nb/ 36L ePdf ;f]xL b/ adf]lhd dx;'n c;'n ul/g]5 .-@_ o; bkmfdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg o;cg';"rLsf] cGo bkmfx¿af6 eG;f/ dx;'n k"0f{ jfcf+lzs 5'6 lbOPsf] sf/0fn] o; bkmf cg';f/ nfUg]292


&=dx;'neGbf 36L dx;'n nfUg] jf dx;'n gnfUg] ePdf;f]xL adf]lhd x'g]5 .-#_ ;Djt\ @)^@ k'; !& df sfod g/x]sf t/ o;cg';"rLsf] bkmf ! df /x]sf tyf o; cg';"rLsf] bkmf@) tyf bkmf @! df gk/]sf pkzLif{sx¿df plNnlvtdfnj:t'x¿ bkmf ^ adf]lhd ;fs{ d'n'sjf6 k}7f/L ubf{pQm bkmfdf plNnlvt ;fs{ d'n'sx¿jf6 k}7f/L ubf{nfUg] eG;f/ dx;'n b/ g} nfUg]5 .;fs{ d'n'sdf pTkflbt o; cg';"rLsf] bkmf @! df plNnlvtpkzLif{sx¿sf dfnj:t'x¿ ;f]xL d'n'sdf k|tLtkq vf]nL ;f]xLd'n'saf6} lan÷lahs agL ;f]xL d'n'saf6} ;fˆ6f ;Dem}ftfad]flhd ;fˆ6f pTklQsf] k|df0fkq ;lxt k}7f/L ePdf ;Djt\@)^& sflQsdf sfod /x]sf] b]xfo cg';f/sf] eG;f/ dx;'nb/df cf+lzs 5'6 lbO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] b/df eG;f/ dx;'nc;'n ul/g] 5 .;Djt\ @)^& sflQsdf sfod /x]sf] eG;f/dx;'n b/t/,-!_293;fs{ d'n'sx¿af6 k}7f/L ubf{ nfUg]eG;f/ dx;'n b/%Ü %Ü!)Ü (Ü!%Ü@)Ü@%Ü#)Ü*)Ü!$Ü!*=%Ü@@Ü@&=%Ü#)Ü;fs{ d'n'saf6 k}7f/L ubf{ nfUg] egL dfly pNn]vePsf] eGbf o; cfly{s P]gåf/f tf]lsPsf] eG;f/dx;'n b/ 36L ePdf ;f]xL b/adf]lhd dx;'n c;'nul/g]5 .-@_ o; bkmfdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg o;cg';"rLsf] cGo bkmfx¿af6 eG;f/ dx;'n k"0f{ jfcf+lzs 5'6 lbOPsf] sf/0fn] o; bkmf cg';f/ nfUg]


dx;'n eGbf 36L dx;'n nfUg] jf dx;'n gnfUg] ePdf;f]xL adf]lhd x'g]5 .*= o; cg';"rLdf pNn]v ePadf]lhd s'g} dfnj:t'df lbOPsf] 5'6k|bfg ubf{ bf]xf]/f] gkg]{ u/L s'g} Ps 5'6 dfq k|bfg ul/g]5 .(= k'/fgf ;jf/L ;fwg Pj+ oGq pks/0fx¿sf] d"No sfod ubf{b]xfo adf]lhd x|f;s§L ul/g] 5 M– -!_ s'6gLlts ;'ljwf jfdx;'n ;'ljwfdf k}7f/L ePsf jf cfof]hgf jf cfof]hgfsf]7]s]bf/ jf k/fdz{bftfsf gfddf kl5 lkmtf{ n}hfg] zt{df k"0f{ jfcf+lzs dx;'n ;'ljwf jf a}Í Uof/]06L jf w/f}6Ldf k}7f/L ePsfjf cGo ;+3, ;+:yfsf] gfddf k"0f{ jf cf+lzs eG;f/ dx;'n5"6df k}7f/L ePsf ;jf/L ;fwg Pj+ oGq pks/0f g]kfnleqs;}nfO{ pkxf/ lbPdf jf laqmL u/]df jf k}7f/L ug]{n] cfˆg}k|of]hgsf] nflu /fVg] ePdf To:tf ;jf/L ;fwg Pj+ oGqpks/0fx¿sf] eG;f/ dx;'n lng] k|of]hgsf] nflu eG;f/clws[tn] k}7f/L x'Fbfsf] cj:yfdf sfod ePsf] d"Nodf -k|To]sjif{sf] cjlzi6 d"Nodf_ jflif{s bz k|ltztsf] b/af6 clwstdkfFr jif{sf] x|f;s§L u/L d"No sfod ug]{5 .-@_ pkbkmf -!_ afx]s lghL k|of]usf nflu cf+lzseG;f/ dx;'n 5"6df JolQmut ¿kdf k}7f/L ePsf ;jf/L;fwgx¿ cGo JolQmnfO{ laqmL ug]{ jf xs x:tfGt/0f ug]{ ePdfeG;f/ dx;'n lng] k|of]hgsf] nflu d"No sfod ubf{ jflif{s bzk|ltztsf b/n] clwstd kfFr jif{sf] -k|To]s jif{sf] cjlzi6d"Nodf_ x|f;s§L u/L d"No sfod ul/g]5 .t/ pTkfbg ePsf] ldltn] bz jif{ Joltt eO;s]sf;jf/L ;fwgx¿sf] xsdf k}7f/L x'Fbf sfod ePsf] d"Nodf ;f7Lk|ltzt x|f;s§L u/L d"No sfod ul/g]5 .-#_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd k}7f/L ePsf ;jf/L;fwgx¿sf] k}7f/Lsf cj:yfdf sfod ePsf] d"No cGo To:t};jf/L ;fwgx¿sf] d"NoeGbf w]/} sd ePsf] cj:yfdf afx]s;fdfGotM k}7f/L ubf{ sfod u/]sf] ljb]zL d'b|fnfO{ cfwf/ dfgLpkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd d"No sfod ul/g]5 .-$_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd ;jf/L ;fwgx¿dfx|f;s§L ubf{ pQm ;jf/L ;fwgsf] pTkfbg ldltb]lv u0fgf294


ul/g]5 / k}7f/L x'g' k"j{ ljb]zdf Joltt ePsf] cjlw s6fO{afFsL cjlwsf] dfq x|f;s§L ul/g]5 .!)= xjfO{dfu{af6 Jofkfl/s ¿kdf k}7f/L ul/g] dfnj:t'sf] eG;f/P]g, @)^$ sf] bkmf !# sf] pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd eG;f/sfof{nodf d"No 3f]if0ff ubf{ k}7f/Lstf{n] dfnj:t'sf] d"No, ef8ftyf aLdf /sd 5'§f5'§} 3f]if0ff ug'{ kg]{5 . k}7f/Lstf{n] 3f]if0ffu/]sf] ef8f /sd / Po/ j] landf plNnlvt ef8f /sddWo] h'ga9L b]lvG5 ;f]xL ef8f /sdnfO{ ;dfj]z u/L d"No lgwf{/0ful/g]5 . Po/ j] landf ef8f /sd pNn]v gePsf] /k}7f/Lstf{n] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] ef8f /sd jf:tljs ef8f /sdeGbfsd b]lvPdf eG;f/ clws[tn] pQm dfnj:t' xjfO{dfu{af6 k}7f/Lubf{ nfUg ;Sg] cg'dflgt ef8f /sd ;d]t ;dfof]hg u/L d"Nolgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 . xjfO{dfu{af6 dfnj:t' k}7f/L ubf{ nfUg] ef8f/sdsf] hfgsf/L eG;f/ clws[tn] ;DalGwt xjfO{ ;]jfaf6 lng;Sg]5 . o;/L eG;f/ clws[tn] dfnj:t'df nfu]sf] jf nfUg;Sg] ef8f /sdsf] hfgsf/L dfu]sf] avt To:tf] hfgsf/L jfljj/0f pknAw u/fpg' ;DalGwt xjfO{ ;]jfsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .t/ Po/ j] landf plNnlvt ef8f /sd / ;DalGwtxjfO{ ;]jfn] jf:tljs ¿kdf c;'n u/]sf] ef8f /sd km/sePdf ;DalGwt xjfO{ ;]jfn] jf:tljs ef8f /sd c;'n u/Lhf/L u/]sf] gubL /;LbnfO{ dfGotf lbg ;lsg]5 .!!= lgof{t x'g] j:t'sf] sRrf kbfy{ w/f}6Ldf k}7f/L ug{ ;lsg] Ma08]8 j]o/ xfp;sf] Ohfht glnPsf pBf]ux¿n] cfˆgf]pTkfbg k|tLtkqsf] dfWodåf/f jf k|rlnt a}lsË sfuhftsf]dfWodaf6 lgsf;L ug]{ jf kl/jTo{ ljb]zL d'b|fdf :jb]zd} laqmLug]{ ePdf To:tf] dfnj:t' pTkfbg ug{ cfjZos sRrf kbfy{,;xfos sRrf kbfy{ -g]kfndf pTkfbg gx'g] KoflsË d]6]l/on;d]t_ k}7f/L ubf{ nfUg] eG;f/ dx;'n lgDg lnlvt zt{ /sfo{ljlwsf] cwLgdf /xL w/f}6L /fvL k}7f/L ug{ kfpg]5 .g]kfndf pTkfbg gx'g] KoflsË d]6]l/onsf] xsdf pBf]u ljefun]g]kfndf pTkfbg gx'g] egL k|dfl0ft u/L ;'ljwf lbg l;kmfl/;u/]sf] cj:yfdf dfq o:tf] ;'ljwf lbOg]5 .t/ dlb/f, r'/f]6 tyf ;'tL{hGo kbfy{ pTkfbg ug]{pBf]ux?nfO{ of] ;'ljwf lbOg]5}g .295


-s_-v_-u_-3_pBf]ux¿n] o; bkmf adf]lhd sRrf kbfy{ jf ;xfossRrf kbfy{ -KoflsË d]6]l/on ;d]t_ k}7f/L ubf{ tof/Lj:t' lgsf;L ug]{ Joxf]/f hgfO{ pQm sRrf kbfy{ jf;xfos sRrf kbfy{ -KoflsË d]6]l/on ;d]t_ dfb/aGbL cg';f/ nfUg] eG;f/ dx;'n w/f}6Ldf hf+rkf;ug]{ Joj:yfsf] nflu tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf eG;f/ clws[t;dIf lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .pQm lgj]bgsf] cfwf/df, k}7f/L ePsf] sRrf kbfy{ jf;xfos sRrf kbfy{ -KoflsË d]6]l/on ;d]t_ df nfUg]eG;f/ dx;'n afktsf] /sd w/f}6Ldf /fvL hfFrkf;ul/g]5 . ;fy} sRrf kbfy{ jf ;xfos sRrf kbfy{ -KoflsË d]6]l/on ;d]t_ k}7f/L ubf{ jf lgsf;L k|lqmofk"/f u/]kl5 ;f]sf] ljj/0f k}7f/Lstf{nfO{ lbOg] lgwf{l/t9fFrfsf] kf;a"sdf :ki6;Fu pNn]v ul/g]5 .o; bkmf adf]lhd k}7f/L ePsf] sRrf kbfy{ jf ;xfossRrf kbfy{ -KoflsË d]6]l/on ;d]t_ af6 pTkflbttof/L dfnj:t' jfx| dlxgfleq lgsf;L jf :jb]zd}kl/jTo{ ljb]zL d'b|fdf laqmL ul/;Sg' kg]{5 .pBf]un] cfˆgf] pTkfbg kl/jTo{ ljb]zL d'b|fdf :jb]zdflaqmL ubf{ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 cf+lzs jf k"0f{¿kdfdx;'n ;'ljwf kfPsf] cfof]hgf jf lgsfonfO{ laqmL ug]{ePdf dfq pko'{Qm adf]lhdsf] ;'ljwf k|bfg ul/g]5 .-ª_ o;/L lgsf;L jf kl/jTo{ ljb]zL d'b|fdf :jb]z d}+ laqmLu/]sf] k|df0f, a}Íåf/f k|dfl0ft ljb]zL d'b|f cfh{g ePsf]sfuhft jf j:t' ljlgdo cGtu{t dfnj:t' lgsf;LePsf] eP ;f]jfkt dfnj:t' k}7f/L ePsf] k|df0f /pBf]u ljefusf] vkt cg'kftsf] k|df0f ;lxt tf]lsPsf]9f+rfdf pQm w/f}6L km's'jf jf lkmtf{sf] nflu v08 -u_adf]lhdsf] cjlwleq} ;DalGwt eG;f/ sfof{nodflgj]bg ug'{kg]{5 .t/ aGb, x8\tfn jf k|fs[lts k|sf]k jf cGoo:t} sfj'jflx/sf] kl/l:ylt k/L v08 -u_ adf]lhdsf]cjlwleq tof/L dfnj:t' lgsf;L ug{ jf :jb]zd}kl/jTo{ ljb]zL d'b|fdf ljqmL ug{ jf ljb]zL d'b|f cfh{g296


-r_u/]sf] k|df0f k]z ug{ g;s]sf] Joxf]/f hgfO{ eG;f/sfof{nosf k|d'v ;dIf lgj]bg lbPdf / Joxf]/fdgfl;j b]lvPdf eG;f/ sfof{nosf k|d'vn] a9Ldf 5dlxgf;Ddsf] Dofb yk ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L yk ePsf]Dofbleq o; pkbkmfdf plNnlvt sfuhft ;lxtlgj]bg u/]df w/f}6L /sd km's'jf ul/g]5 .w/f}6L k'ms'jfsf] nflu v08 -ª_ adf]lhdsf] cjlwleqlgj]bg u/]kl5 k]z ePsf sfuhftsf] 5fgljg u/L Psdlxgfleq w/f}6L k'ms'jf ul/g]5 . o;/L w/f}6L k'ms'jfePsf] ljj/0f kf;a"sdf hgfOlbg' kg]{5 .-5_ pBf]un] o; bkmf adf]lhd k}7f/L ug]{ sRrf kbfy{ jf;xfos sRrf kbfy{ -KoflsË d]6]l/on ;d]t_ df nfUg]eG;f/ dx;'ndf km's'jf ePsf] w/f}6L /sd ldnfg u/Lkf;j'sdf hgfOg]5 . t/ pBf]un] To:tf] k'ms'jf ePsf]w/f}6L /sd lkmtf{ dfu u/]df km's'jf ePhltsf] /sdtTsfn lkmtf{ lbOg]5 .-h_-´_-`_o; bkmf adf]lhd k}7f/L ePsf] sRrf kbfy{ jf ;xfossRrf kbfy{ -KoflsË d]6]l/on ;d]t_ af6 tof/L j:t'agfO{ lgsf;L ubf{ k}7f/Lsf] cj:yfsf] sf/f]af/ d"NodfsDtLdf bz k|ltzt d"No clej[l4 ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 .o; bkmf adf]lhd k}7f/L ePsf] sRrf kbfy{ jf ;xfossRrf kbfy{ -KoflsË d]6]l/on ;d]t_ af6 pTkflbtdfnj:t' zt{ adf]lhd k"0f{ jf cf+lzs lgsf;L gu/]dfjf :jb]zd} v08 -u_ cg';f/ kl/jTo{ ljb]zL d'b|fdflaqmL gu/]df :yfgLo laqmL dfgL :yfgLo laqmL u/]hltsf] xsdf lgod cg';f/ nfUg] dx;'n w/f}6L /x]sf]/sdaf6 ;b/:ofxf u/L nfUg] dx;'nsf] bz k|ltzthl/afgf ;d]t k}7f/Lstf{af6 c;'n ul/g]5 .o;/L w/f}6Ldf sRrf kbfy{ jf ;xfos sRrf kbfy{-KoflsË d]6]l/on ;d]t_ k}7f/L ug]{ / To;af6 lgld{tdfnj:t' lgsf;L ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu eG;f/ ljefun]eG;f/ sfof{nox¿ tf]Sg]5 .t/, pBf]un] o:tf] ;'ljwfdf sRRff kbfy{ jf;xfos sRrf kbfy{ -KoflsË d]6]l/on ;d]t_ k}7f/L297


!@=ubf{ eG;f/ ljefun] tf]s]sf]dWo] s'g} Pp6f eG;f/sfof{noaf6 dfq ug'{ kb{5 .;jf/L ;fwg k}7f/L ;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf M -!_ ;jf/L jf9'jfgLsf ;fwgx¿ k}7f/L ubf{ b]xfosf zt{x¿ kfngf ug'{kg]{5M–-s_-v_lgdf{tf sDkgL jf lghsf] cflwsfl/s laq]mtfaf6 vl/bul/Psf gofF ;jf/L jf 9'jfgLsf ;fwgx¿ g]kfnl:ytcflwsfl/s laq]mtfx¿n] dfq k}7f/L ug{ kfpg] 5g\ .l/s08L;G8, k|of]u eO;s]sf] jf g]kfn ;jf/L k|b"if0fdfkb08, @)^( leq gkg]{ ;jf/L jf 9'jfgLsf ;fwgx¿k}7f/L ug{ kfOg] 5}g .-u_ laqmL ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu v08 -s_ adf]lhd k}7f/Lu/]sf ;jf/L jf 9'jfgLsf ;fwgx¿sf] k}7f/Lstf{n] Psjif{df tLg k6s -k|To]s rf/ dlxgfdf_ To:tf;fwgx¿sf] clwstd v'b|f laqmL d"No -Pd=cf/=kL=_/fli6«o :t/sf] b}lgs klqsfdf clgjfo{¿kn] k|sflztug'{ kg]{5 .-3_-ª_v08 -u_ adf]lhd k}7f/L ePsf ;jf/L jf 9'jfgLsf;fwgx¿sf] clwstd v'b|f laqmL d"No -Pd=cf/=kL=_k|sflzt gug]{ k}7f/Lstf{x¿sf] eG;f/ ljefun] k}7f/Ltyf laqmL sf/f]af/ /f]Ssf /fvL 5fgljg ug{ ;Sg]5 .o; pkbkmfsf] v08 -s_ tyf v08 -v_ df plNnlvtzt{x¿ pNnª\3g u/L k}7f/L ul/Psf ;jf/L jf9'jfgLsf ;fwgx¿ hkmt ug{ ;lsg]5 .t/,-!_;/sf/L lgsfo, s'6gLlts jf dx;'n ;'ljwfk|fKt JolQm jf lgsfo, C0f tyf cg'bfg;xof]udf ;~rflnt ;/sf/L cfof]hgfx¿n]k}7f/L ug]{ ;jf/L tyf 9'jfgLsf ;fwgx¿ tyfckfËtf ePsf JolQmn] cfˆgf] k|of]hgsf] nfluk}7f/L ug]{ :s'6/df o; pkbkmfsf] v08 -s_nfu" x'g] 5}g .298


-@_bdsn k}7f/L ubf{ o; pkbkmfsf] v08 -s_tyf -v_ nfu" x'g] 5}g .-#_ Ps jif{eGbf a9L ljb]zl:yt g]kfnsf]s'6gLlts lgof]udf sfd u/L sfo{ cjlw;dfKt eO{ kms]{sf g]kfnL gful/sx¿n]ljb]zdf cfˆgf] gfddf btf{ u/L cfk}m+n] k|of]uu/]sf] ;jf/L ;fwg jftfj/0f, lj1fg tyfk|ljlw dGqfnosf] l;kmfl/;df k}7f/L ug{;Sg]5g\ .-$_s[lif sfo{sf] nflu k|of]u x'g] 6\ofS6/ k}7f/Lubf{ o; pkbkmfsf] v08 -s_ nfu" x'g] 5}g .-%_ g]kfnn] cfof]hgf ug]{ cGt/f{li6«o jf If]qLodxTjsf] ;ef ;Dd]ngsf] k|of]hgsf] nflug]kfn ;/sf/ dlGqkl/ifb\n] lg0f{o u/L k}7f/Lug]{ g]kfn ;jf/L k|b"if0f dfkb08, @)^( leqkg]{ ;jf/L ;fwgsf] xsdf o; pkbkmfsf] v08-s_ nfu" x'g] 5}g .-^_-&_g]kfnl:yt ljb]zL s'6gLlts lgof]udf sfo{/ts'6gLlts kbflwsf/Lx?n] k|of]u eO;s]sf;jf/L ;fwg k}7f/L ug{ rfx]df kf/:kfl/stfsf]cfwf/df k}7f/L ug{ lbg k//fi6« dGqfnon]l;kmfl/; u/]sf] cj:yfdf g]kfn ;jf/L k|b"if0fdfkb08, @)^( leq kg]{ ;jf/L ;fwg kl5cfˆgf] sfo{ cjlw ;dfKt ePkl5 lkmtf{ n}hfg]zt{df k}7f/L ug{ lbg ;lsg]5 .o; cg';"rL jdf]lhd jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf]lg0f{oåf/f k"0f{ jf cf+lzs eG;f/ dx;'n 5'6lbOPsf] JolQm jf ;+:yf jf lgsfon] ;jf/L;fwg lgdf{tf sDkgL jf lghsf] cflwsfl/sljq]mtfaf6 v/Lb u/L k}7f/L ubf{ v08 -s_nfu" x'g] 5}g .-@_ sfg]{6 cGtu{t ko{6sx¿n] NofPsf JolQmutk|of]usf oftfoftsf ;fwgx¿ g]kfnleq c:yfoL ¿kdf k|ydk6s k|j]z u/]sf] ldltn] Ps jif{sf] cjlwdf nuftf/ jf k6s299


k6s u/L hDdf 5 dlxgfsf] cjlw;Dd g]kfnleq lagf dx;'n/fVg kfpg]5g\ . o;/L NofOPsf -k}7f/L ePsf_ oftfoftsf;fwgx¿ 5 dlxgfleq lkmtf{ gnu]df :jtM hkmt x'g]5 . t/b'3{6gf eO{ k|x/L sAhfdf /x]sf] jf dd{tsf] nflu js{zkdf/x]sf] egL k|x/L sfof{non] l;kmfl/; u/]sf] cjlw eg] eG;f/n]sfg]{6df tf]lslbPsf] cjlwdf u0fgf x'g] 5}g . o;/L sfg]{6cGt{ut k}7f/L ePsf ;jf/L ;fwgx¿ bfg, bftJo jf pkxf/lbg jf laqmL ug{ kfOg] 5}g . sfg]{6 cGtu{t ;jf/L ;fwg;fy/x]sf dfnj:t'x¿ ;jf/L ;fwg ;fy lkmtf{ n}hfg kg]{ Joxf]/fsfg]{6df hgfO{ 5f8\g ;lsg]5 .-#_ sfg]{6 afx]s c:yfoL tj/af6 k}7f/L u/L NofPsfdf]6/sf/, :6]zg jfOug, n}08/f]e/, hLk, 6«s, 6«ofS6/, nx/L,Eofg / df]6/;fOsn cflb ;fwgx¿ / ltgsf 6]n/ ;d]tdfb]xfo adf]lhd eG;f/ dx;'n nufO{ c;'npk/ ul/g]5M–-s_ c:yfoL k}7f/L u/L NofPsf] 6«ofS6/df b}lgs tLg ;o¿k}+ofsf b/n] k}7f/L dx;'n c;'n ul/g]5 . t/ 6«]n/lkm6 ePsf] 6«ofS6/ jf 6«]n/ dfq c:yfoL k}7f/L u/LNofPdf k|lt lbg 5 ;o ¿k}+ofsf b/n] dx;'n c;'nul/g]5 . t/ dfnj:t' af]sL NofPsf 6«]n/ ;lxtsf]6«ofS6/ c7\rfln; 306fleq l/Q} kmls{ uPdf ;f]6«ofS6/sf] dx;'n lnOg] 5}g . o;/L k}7f/L u/L NofPsf]6«ofS6/, 6«]n/ jf 6«]n/;lxtsf] 6«ofS6/ tL; lbgeGbfa9L g]kfndf /fVg kfOg] 5}g .-v_ c:yfoL tj/af6 k}7f/L ul/Psf / sfg]{6 gePsf ;jf/L;fwgx¿ k}7f/L x'Fbf sf/, hLk / Eofgdf b}lgs rf/ ;o¿k}+of, a;, ldlga; nufotsf 6'l/i6 uf8Ldf b}lgsrf/ ;o ¿k}+of, df]6/;fOsn tyf :s'6/df b}lgs Ps;o ¿k}+of / tLg kfª\u|] ;jf/L ;fwgdf b}lgs tLg ;o¿k}+of dx;'n nfUg]5 . o;/L dx;'n lt/L c:yfoLk}7f/L ePsf ;jf/L ;fwgx¿ Ps jif{df tL; lbgeGbfa9L g]kfnleq /fVg kfOg] 5}g .t/,300


-u_-3_-ª_-!_-@_-#_o;/L k}7f/L ePsf ;jf/L ;fwgx¿ glhssf]ahf/;Dd k'uL k|j]z u/]s} lbg kms{g] ePdfs'g} dx;'n nfUg]5}g .g]kfn;Fu ePsf] b'O{ kIfLo jf jx'kIfLo;Dem}ftf adf]lhd c:yfoL k}7f/L x'g] ;jf/L;fwgx?sf ;DaGwdf ;f]xL ;Dem}ftfdf pNn]veP adf]lhd x'g]5 .rnlrq 5fofFsg, z}lIfs k|bz{g tyf ;fdflhshgr]tgf clea[l4sf lgldQ ;+oGq hl8t eO{cfpg] ljz]if k|sf/sf ;jf/L ;fwgx¿sf] nfluo; v08df plNnlvt ;dofjlwn] gk'u x'g]eO{ ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d'vsf] /fo ;lxt n]vLcfPdf dxflgb]{zsn] lgod cg';f/sf] dx;'nlnO{ a9Ldf tLg dlxgf;Ddsf] Dofb ykul/lbg ;Sg]5 .dfnj:t'x¿sf] kl/jxgsf] nflu c:yfoL k}7f/L x'g]6]«S6/ afx]ssf 6«]n/ 6«s / cGo uf8Lx¿nfO{ c:yfoL¿kdf Psk6sdf ;ft lbg;Dd k|lt lbg Ps xhf/kfFr ;o ¿k}ofsf b/n] dx;'n lnO{ k}7f/L ug{ lbg;lsg]5 .c:yfoL k}7f/L u/L NofPsf ;jf/L / 9'jfgLsf ;fwgx¿clgjfo{¿kdf lkmtf{ n}hfg' kg]{5 . v08 -s_, -v_ / -u_df plNnlvt ;jf/L / 9'jfgLsf ;fwgx¿ k|1fkgkqdf3f]if0ff u/]sf] cjlweGbf a9L a;]sf] k]mnf k/]df jfg]kfnleq e'mÝf ljj/0f lbO{ a;]sf] 7x/]df hkmt ug{;lsg]5 . lkmtf{ n}hfg] qmddf dgfl;j sf/0f ePdf;jf/L ;fwgsf] d"Nodf ga9\g] u/L a9L a;]sf] cjlwsf]df]6/;fOsndf b}lgs Ps xhf/ ¿k}+ofFsf b/n] / cGo;jf/L ;fwgdf b}lgs b'O{ xhf/ ¿k}ofFsf b/n] dx;'nc;'n u/L lkmtf{ n}hfg lbg ;lsg]5 .ljb]zaf6 Pn=kL= UofF; af]sL Nofpg] dfnjfxs sG6]g/-j'n]6_ nfO{ uGtJo:yndf cgnf]8 ug{sf lgldQ5ofgJj] 306f;Dd c:yfoL k}7f/L dx;'n lnOg]5}g .301


-r_ljb]zjf6 Pn=kL= UofF; afx]s cGo dfnj:t' 9'jfgL u/LNofPsf] 6«s / dfnj:t';lxtsf] sG6]g/ af]sL NofPsf]6«]n/nfO{ ;f] dfnj:t' uGtJo:yndf cgnf]8 ug{sf]nflu / l/Qf] sG6]g/ lnO{ cfPsf] 6«]n/nfO{ eG;f/If]qleq /x]sf] dfnj:t' nf]8 ug{sf lgldQ axQ/306f;Dd c:yfoL k}7f/L dx;'n lnOg] 5}g .-5_ ljb]zjf6 dfnj:t' 9'jfgL u/L g]kfn k|j]z u/]sf 6«s /dfnj:t' ;lxtsf] sG6]g/ af]sL cfPsf] 6]«n/ / l/Qf]6«s jf l/Qf] sG6]g/ ;lxt cfPsf] 6]«n/n] eG;f/If]qaflx/af6 dfnj:t' nf]8 u/L c7\rfln; 306fleqkms]{df Ps lbgsf] dfq c:yfoL k}7f/L dx;'n lnOg]5 .-h_v08 -ª_, -r_ / -5_ df plNnlvt 9'jfgL;+u ;DalGwt;fwgx? tt\tt\ v08df plNnlvt ;dofjlwleq aGb,x8\tfn, b}jLk|sf]k, b'3{6gf h:tf sf/0fn] lkmtf{ x'gg;s]sf sf/0faf6 c:yfoL dx;'n nfUg] cj:yf ePdfeG;f/ sfof{nosf k|d'vn] a9Ldf csf]{ tLg lbg;Ddsf]Dofb yk lbg ;Sg]5 / o;/L Dofb yk lbOPsf]cjlwsf] dx;'n nfUg] 5}g .-$_ efu *& sf] uf8L / ltgsf r]l;; k}7f/L ePsf]dfh'g lsl;dsf] ;jf/L ;fwgsf] r]l;; jf h'g lsl;dsf] uf8LegL dx;'n a'´fPsf] 5 ;f]xL lsl;dsf] ;jf/L ;fwgdf btf{ug'{ kg]{5 . csf]{ lsl;dsf] ;jf/L ;fwgdf btf{ u/L k|of]u ug'{k/]df eG;f/ sfof{non], dx;'n gk'u x'g] eP ;f] /sd c;'nu/L :jLs[lt lbPsf] cj:yfdf dfq csf]{ lsl;dsf] ;jf/L;fwgdf btf{ u/L k|of]u ug{ ;lsg]5 / :jLs[lt glnO{ btf{u/]sf] jf k|of]udf NofPsf] ;jf/L ;fwgx¿ hkmt ul/g]5 .-%_ o; efusf] zLif{s *&)@ sf] k|of]hgsf nflu ;L6;+Vof u0fgf ug'{ kbf{ lgoldt ;L6 / 8«fOe/ l;6 u0fgful/g]5 . t/ s08S6/ ;L6 Pj+ cGo cltl/Qm ;L6 tyf kmf]N8LË;L6nfO{ u0fgf ul/g] 5}g .-^_ ;/sf/L lgsfo, lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt,dxfgu/kflnsf, pkdxfgu/kflnsf, gu/kflnsf, ufpF ljsf;;ldlt tyf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"0f{ :jfldTj /x]sf ;+:yfx¿n]dx;'n ;'ljwfdf k}7f/L u/]sf kfFr jif{eGbf k'/fgf uf8Lx¿ /302


oGqf]ks/0f ;d]t lnnfd laqmL ubf{ To;df eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]5}g .t/ eG;f/ P]g, @)^$ adf]lhd hkmt eO{ g]kfn;/sf/sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf ;jf/L;fwg lnnfd ubf{ pk/f]Qm kfFr jif{sf] aGb]h nfu" x'g] 5}g .-&_ c:yfoL k}7f/L ePsf ;jf/L tyf 9'jfgL ;fwgx¿b'3{6gf eO{ jf cGo cg';Gwfgsf] l;nl;nfdf sJhfdf /x]sf]Joxf]/f ;DalGwt k|x/L jf /fh:j cg';Gwfg ljefu jf ;f]cGtu{t sfof{noaf6 k|dfl0ft ePdf ;f] cjlwsf] nfUg] dx;'nd"n eG;f/ sfof{nosf] k|d'vn] ldgfxf lbg ;Sg]5 .-*_ s'g} ljb]zL ofq'n] ;jf/L ;fwg ;lxt g]kfn k|j]zubf{ o; bkmf adf]lhd dx;'n a'emfpg 5'6 ePsf] / lghn] kl5s'g} eG;f/ sfof{nodf :jo+ pkl:yt eO{ dx;'n a'emfpglgj]bg lbPdf eG;f/ clws[tn] hfFrj'em u/L Joxf]/f dgfl;jb]lvPdf kRrL; xhf/ ?k}ofF hl/jfgf / nfUg] dx;'n lnO{To:tf ;jf/L ;fwg ljb]z lkmtf{ n}hfg lbg ;Sg]5 .t/,-s_-v_o:tf] ;jf/L ;fwg g]kfn k|j]z u/]sf] ldltn] &-;ft_ lbgleqsf] x'g'kg]{ 5 .s'g} klg JolQm jf lgsfoaf6 kqmfp u/L eG;f/sfof{nodf d'2fsf] ?kdf k]z ePsf] x'g'x'Fb}g .-(_ g]kfndf vfg]kfgL Pj+ l;+rfO{ sfo{sf] nflu e"ldutkfgL lgsfNg k}7f/L ul/g] af]l/ª d]lzg hl8t 9'jfgLsf ;fwgc:yfoL k}7f/L ubf{ k|lt lbg Ps xhf/ ?k}ofF dx;'n lnOg]5 .o;/L k}7f/L u/]sf] jf]l/ª d]lzg hl8t To:tf 9'jfgLsf ;fwgPs jif{eGbf a9L g]kfndf /fVg kfOg]5}g .!#= eG;f/ ;'ljwf -s'6gLlts ;'ljwf_, k"0f{ jf cf+lzs dx;'n ;'ljwf,nut jf a}Í Uof/]06Ldf k}7f/L ePsf ;jf/L ;fwg, oGqf]ks/0fjf dfnj:t'x¿ ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 eG;f/;'ljwf -s'6gLlts ;'ljwf_ jf k"0f{ jf cf+lzs dx;'n ;'ljwf kfO{jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lg0f{oaf6 Ps k|ltzt eG;f/ dx;'n lnO{ jfnut jf a}Í Uof/]06Ldf k}7f/L ePsf ;jf/L ;fwg, oGqf]ks/0fPj+ dfnj:t'x¿ laqmL u/]df jf pkxf/ lbPdf jf cfk}+mn]303


pkof]u u/]df o; cg';"rL adf]lhd nfUg] s'n eG;f/ dx;'nsf];f7L k|ltzt 5'6 x'g]5 . cf+lzs dx;'n 5"6df k}7f/L ePsf;jf/L ;fwgsf xsdf klxn] lt/]sf] eG;f/ dx;'n /sd s§f u/LafFsL dx;'n c;'n ul/g]5 .t/ o:tf ;jf/L ;fwg, oGqf]ks/0f Pj+ dfnj:t'x¿k}7f/L u/]sf] ldltn] kfFr jif{ cjlw Joltt eO;s]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .eG;f/ ;'ljwf -s'6gLlts ;'ljwf_ jf dx;'n ;'ljwfdf k}7f/LePsf o:tf ;jf/L ;fwg, oGqf]ks/0f Pj+ dfnj:t'sf] xsdf ;f];'ljwf s'g} JolQmsf] xsdf pknAw u/fpFbf lghsf] g]kfndfkbflwsf/ /x]sf] cjlwe/ Psk6sdfq lbOg]5 .-@_ s'g} vf; sfo{ jf k|of]hgsf] nflu c:yfoL tj/af6kl5 lkmtf{ n}hfg] zt{df nut jf a}Í Uof/]06Ldf k}7f/L ePsf;jf/L ;fwg, oGqf]ks/0f Pj+ cGo dfnj:t'x¿ pQm sfo{ ;dfKtePkl5 g]kfnleq s;}nfO{ pkxf/ lbO{ jf laqmL u/L jf cfkm}n]k|of]u ug]{ u/L dx;'n a'´fO{ ;s]sf] cj:yfdf afx]s tLgdlxgfleq lkmtf{ nlu;Sg' kg]{5 . o;/L tf]lsPsf] cjlwleqlkmtf{ gnu]sf jf dx;'n ga'emfPsf ;jf/L ;fwg, oGqf]ks/0fPj+ cGo dfnj:t'x¿ g]kfn ;/sf/n] Dofb yk lbPsf] cj:yfdfafx]s hkmt ul/g]5 .-#_ pkbkmf -@_ sf] cjlwleq lkmtf{ gnu]sf jf dx;'nga'emfO{ Dofb g3fO /flvPsf ;jf/L ;fwg, oGqf]ks/0f jf cGodfnj:t'x¿sf] oyfy{ ;"rgf lbO{ kqmfp ug{ ;xof]u ug]{JolQmnfO{ To:tf] dfnj:t' lnnfd u/L k|fKt x'g] /sdsf] bzk|ltzt /sd k'/:sf/ :j¿k lbOg]5 .-$_ g]kfnleqsf cfof]hgf ;~rfngfy{ tL cfof]hgf jf7]s]bf/sf] gfddf k}7f/L x'g] ;jf/L / 9'jfgLsf ;fwg nufotsflgdf{0f pks/0f / oGqx¿ ;d]tsf] ;DaGwdf b]xfo adf]lhdx'g]5 M–-s_g]kfn ;/sf/;Fu ePsf] ;D´}ftf jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf]lg0f{osf] cwLgdf /xL cfof]hgf jf ;DalGwt 7]s]bf/sf]gfddf k}7f/L ePsf] ;jf/L / 9'jfgL ;fwg, lgdf{0fpks/0f / oGqx¿ nufotsf dfnj:t' ;d]t cf+lzseG;f/ dx;'n lnO{ jf dx;'n afktsf] a}Í Uof/]06L lnO{c:yfO{ k}7f/L ug{ lbOg]5 .304


-v_o;/L k}7f/L x'g] ;jf/L / 9'jfgL ;fwg nufotsfdfnj:t' k}7f/L ubf{ k|1fkgkqd} g]kfnleq /xg] cjlwpNn]v u/L hf+rkf; ug'{ kg]{5 . lgwf{l/t cjlwdfcfof]hgf ;DkGg gePsf] sf/0fn] k|1fkgkqdfplNnlvt cjlweGbf a9L cjlw;Dd g]kfnleq /fVg' kg]{ePdf ;DalGwt lgsfoaf6 :jLs[lt lnO{ cfof]hgfsf]cjlw yk ePsf] hfgsf/L eG;f/ ljefunfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .;f] cfwf/df eG;f/ ljefun] ;DalGwt eG;f/ sfof{noPj+ cGo lgsfonfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg]5 .-u_ pko'{Qmfg';f/ k}7f/L x'g] ;jf/L / 9'jfgL ;fwgsf] btf{ubf{ 5'§} klxrfg x'g] lsl;dn] btf{ ug'{ kg]{5 /kl/of]hgf cjlw ;dfKt ePkl5 o:tf ;fwgsf] gjLs/0ful/g] 5}g .-3_-ª_o;/L k}7f/L ePsf ;jf/L ;fwg, oGqf]ks/0f Pj+dfnj:t' g]kfnsf] Pp6f cfof]hgfaf6 csf]{ cfof]hgf;~rfngsf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] cg'dlt lbPsf]dfafx]s eG;f/ dx;'n glt/L nut x:tfGt/0f ul/g] 5}g .g]kfn ;/sf/n] Dofb yk lbPsf]df afx]s cfof]hgf;DkGg ePsf] ldltn] tLg dlxgfleq pk/f]Qm cg';f/sfdfnj:t'x¿ lkmtf{ nlu;Sg' kg]{5 .-r_ v08 -ª_ adf]lhd lkmtf{ gnuL cfk}+mn] pkof]u u/]df,s;}nfO{ pkxf/ lbPdf jf laqmL u/]df plNnlvtcjlwleq} o; cg';"rLadf]lhd nfUg] dx;'n a'´fO{;Sg' kg]{5 . o;/L Dofbleq lkmtf{ gnu]sf / dx;'nklg ga'emfPsf pQm ;jf/L ;fwg, oGqf]ks/0f Pj+ cGodfnj:t'x¿sf] xsdf dfly pkbkmf -@_ dfn]lvPadf]lhd x'g]5 .-5_-h_tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq lkmtf{ gnuL jf dx;'n ga'emfO{Dofb g3fO{ /fv]sf o:tf dfnj:t'x¿sf] oyfy{ ;"rgflbO{ kqmfp ug{ ;xof]u ug{] JolQmnfO{ dfly pkbkmf -#_adf]lhd k'/:sf/ lbOg]5 .;DalGwt 7]s]bf/n] Pp6f kl/of]hgfsf] gfddf k}7f/Lu/]sf] dfnj:t' lkmtf{ gnuL jf dx;'n glt/L csf]{305


kl/of]hgfsf nflu ;f]xL 7]s]bf/n] ;jf/L ;fwgoGqf]ks/0f Pj+ dfnj:t'x¿ k}7f/L ug{ kfpg] 5}g .!$= b]xfosf dfnj:t'x¿df b]xfo adf]lhd eG;f/ dx;'n 5'6 x'g]5 M-!_eG;f/ dx;'n k"0f{ 5'6 x'g] M-s_ lgDg pkzLif{sx¿df kg]{ dfnj:t'x¿)%!!((!) @%)!))() @&!^)))) $)!$!))) $()@!)))$()@())) %))!)))) %!)!!!)) %!)!!()) %!)!@!))%!)!@()) %!)!#))) %@)!)))) %@)@!))) %@)@(!))%@)@(())-v_%@)#))))cf+lzs rxlsnf] kfl/Psf] wfuf] -kL=cf]=jfO{_pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]un] pBf]u ljefun] tf]s]sf]xb;Ddsf sRrf kbfy{sf vkt cg'kft,:jb]zdf x'g] pkef]u Pj+ ljb]zdf x'g]lgsf;Lsf] cfwf/df pBf]un] k}7f/L ug]{pkzLif{s #()&=^)=)) df kg]{ Pet Chips .-u_ efu #! sf] dnvfb .-3_ efu #@ sf l;Gb"/, efu #( / &) df kg]{ r'/f,6Lsf / l6s'nL .-ª_ h"6 pBf]ux¿n] k}7f/L ug]{ efu %# sf] sRrfh"6 .-r_b]xfo adf]lhdsf dfnj:t'x¿M-!_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] k}7f/L ug{] x'nfs l6s6,kf]i6sf8{, xjfO{kq, /fxbfgL, cGtMz'Nsl6s6,-@_k/Dk/fut kfqf], zLif{s $(=)! tyf$(=)# sf d'lb|t lstfjx¿ / zLif{s$(=)$ sf] lstfa .t/ g]kfnL k|sfzs, ljt/s jf ;f]nPh]06 jf k|ltlnlk clwsf/ pNn]v ePsfk':ts g]kfnaflx/af6 d'b|0f u/L k}7f/L u/]dfTo;/L k}7f/L ePsf] k':tssf] 5kfO{ d"No306


-5_-h_-´_-sfuh, d'b|0fdf nfu]sf] vr{, ef8f / aLdfhf]8L x'g cfpg] d"No_ df kGw| k|ltzt eG;f/dx;'n nfUg]5 .lghL k|of]usf] nflu cf+lzs eG;f/ dx;'n;'ljwfdf k}7f/L eO{ ;jf/L ;fwgsf wgLsf] d[To'ePsf] sf/0fn] lghsf] xsjfnf klt jf kTgLsf]gfddf gfd;f/L x'g] ;jf/L ;fwg .ef/tdf pTkfbg eO{ ef/taf6} k}7f/L ePsf]efu @& sf] zLif{s @&=)( sf] sRrf k]6«f]lnodt]n / lj6'ldg vlghaf6 k|fKt sRrf t]n .ef/tdf pTkfbg eO{ ef/taf6} k}7f/L x'g] lgDgpkzLif{sx¿sf dfnj:t'¿ M@%)@)))) @%)$!))) @%)$())) @%!)!))) @%!!!)))@%!!@))) @%!#!))) @%!#@))) @%!(())) @%@!))))@%@%!))) @%@*)))) @^)!!!)) @^)!!@)) @^)!@)))@^)@)))) @^)#)))) @^)$)))) @^)%)))) @^)^))))@^)&)))) @^)*)))) @^)()))) @^!))))) @^!!))))@^!@!))) @^!@@))) @^!#!))) @^!#())) @^!$))))@^!%!))) @^!%())) @^!^!))) @^!^())) @^!&!)))@^!&())) 4401.10.00 4401.21.00 4401.22.00 4401.31.004401.39.00 4402.10.00 4402.90.00 4403.10.00 4403.20.004403.41.00 4403.49.00 4403.91.00 4403.92.00 4403.99.004404.10.00 4404.20.00 4406.10.00 4406.90.00 4407.10.004407.21.00 4407.22.00 4407.25.00 4407.26.00 4407.27.004407.28.00 4407.29.00 4407.91.00 4407.92.00 4407.93.004407.94.00 4407.95.00 4407.99.00-`_d"No clej[l4 s/df btf{ ePsf wfuf]pBf]ux¿n] k}7f/L ug]{ efu %$ / %% df kg]{cf+lzs rxlsnf] kfl/Psf] wfuf] -lk=cf]=jfO{_ /;a} lsl;dsf dfgj lgld{t :6]k'n kmfOj/ .307


-@_-6_ ljB't ;f]nf/ jf Aof6«Laf6 dfq rNg] tLg kf+u|]jf rf/ kf+u|] ;jf/L jf 9'jfgL ;fwg pTkfbgug]{ u/L btf{ ePsf pBf]un] cfk'mn] pTkfbgug]{ ;jf/L jf 9'jfgL ;fwgsf] pTkfbgdf k|of]uug]{ r]l;;, Ol~hg, df]6/ / Jof6«L rfh{/ .-7_ /Qm ;~rf/ ;]jfsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ g]kfn/]8qm; ;f];fO6Ln] k}7f/L ug]{ /ut /fVg]Knfli6ssf y}nf, 6«fG;ˆo"hg ;]6, 6]l:6Ë ls6\;,l/Ph]06 tyf /Qm k/LIf0f l/Ph]06 lgdf{0fsf]nflu cfjZos kg]{ ljleGg cf}hf/ pks/0fx¿Pj+ /;fogx¿ .-8_ b[li6ljlxgx¿n] k|of]u ug]{ ;]tf] 58L, -x\jfO6s]g_ :n]6:6fOn;, a]|n gf]66]s/, a|]nf] -a]|nlk|G6/_, /Ë;"rs, kfgL;"rs / k|sfz;"rsoGqx¿, cfjfh lbg] ydf{ld6/, a]|n 6fOk/fO6/,a|]n 38L, Pjfs;, d]UgLkmfOË Unf;, a]|nsDkf;, a]|n k':ts, a]|n ODjf];/, a]|n :6]gl;nd]lzg .-9_ ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿n] k|of]u ug]{ XjLnr]o/, sdf]8 lro/, jfs/, 6«fO{ ;fOsn,a}zfvLx¿, s[lqd c+ux¿, x]l/Ë P8 Pj+h'Qfx¿ .eG;f/ dx;'n Ps k|ltzt dfq nfUg] M-s_!) lsnf]jf6 jf ;f]eGbf a9L Ifdtfsf]h]g]/]6/ .-v_ xjfO{ ;]jf k|bfos ;+:yfn] cfk}mn] k}7f/L ug]{xjfOhxfh, x]lnsf]K6/, ltgsf u]o/ aS;,Ol~hg, 6fo/, Jof6«L, g6, jf]N6, l/e]6, P=kL=o'=,k|f]k]n/, Jn]8, xj, PSo"6/, /f]6/, Jn]8, Nofl08Ëu]o/, lJxn / j|]s, lj08l;N8, lki6g 6\o"j,ˆo"n sG6«f]n o"lg6, ljË, :6]l/Ë ;]n]S6/ eNe,efOa|];g cfO;f]n]6/ tyf zLif{s **=)#cGtu{t kg]{ cGo kf6{k'hf{x? .308


-u_-3_t/ lnhdf k}7f/L ePsf xjfOhxfh,x]lnsf]K6/ jf ltgsf Ol~hg k}7f/L u/]sf]ldltn] tLg jif{leq lkmtf{ u/]df k}7f/L x'Fbflt/]sf] eG;f/ dx;'n lkmtf{ lbOg]5 .bfgf tyf kz'k+IfL pBf]ux¿n] :jb]zdf k|of]uug]{ u/L k}7f/L ug]{ zLif{s )%!! df kg]{df5fsf 6'qmf6fqmL jf w'nf], l;lksf] 6'qmf zLif{s@#)! sf] lkm8 ;KnLd]G6sf] sRrf kbfy{,pkzLif{s @#)(=()=)) sf] lkm8 ;KnLd]G6,zLif{s @%@! sf] r'g 9'+ufsf] w'nf] .d;L agfpg] pBf]u / d;nGb pBf]un] k}7f/Lug]{ zLif{s &)=!) sf] )=## ln6/;Ddsf]af]tn .-ª_ tf]/L, /fof] ;:o"{+ / Sofgf]nf -/]k;L8_ sf] u]8f .-r_ cf}ifwL pBf]u jf cGo pBf]un] k}7f/L ug]{ zLif{s()=@& sf eG;f/ b/ z"Go eP afx]ssf ;Dk"0f{oGq pks/0f Pj+ cf}hf/x¿ / ltgsf kf6{k"hf{ .-5_ zLif{s &!=)! df kg]{ k|fs[lts jf ;Djl4{tdf]tL, zLif{s &!=)@, &!=)#, &!=)$ / &!=)%df kg]{ jx'd"No jf cw{jx"d"No kTy/ .-h_ 6fo/ pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]un] cfˆgf] pTkfbgsf]k|of]hgsf] nflu k}7f/L ug]{ ;Dk"0f{ sRrf kbfy{Pj+ ;xfos sRrfkbfy{x¿ .-em_oftfoft Joj:yf sfof{nodf btf{ eO;s]sfl8h]n tyf k]6«f]naf6 rNg] 6]Dkf]nfO{ Aof6«Laf6;~rfng u/L ;kmf 6]Dkf] agfpg] k|of]hgsfnflu o:tf pBf]u jf 6]Dkf]wgLn] k}7f/L ug]{ oGqtyf pks/0f .-`_ ;jf/L k|b"if0f sd ug]{ p2]Zon] ;jf/L ;fwgdfk|of]u ug]{ u/L k}7f/L ug]{ Sof6lns sGe6{/ /DofUg]6fOh/ .-6_ kz'sf] rf/f sf6\g] d]lzg, wfg tyf ux'F r'6\g],lgkmGg] y|];/, k+vL, pkzLif{s *$#@=!)=)),309


-7_*$#@=@!=)), *$#@=@(=)), *$#@=#)=)) /*$#@=$)=)) df kg]{ s[lif tyf afujfgLdfk|of]u x'g] slN6e]6/, /f]6/L l6n/, n]en/, xnf],Xof/f], jLp tyf lj¿jf /f]Kg] -l;8;{, Knf06;{,6«fG;Knf06;{_, tyf ;f] sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{jLpm /f]Kg] 6]«x?, dn 5g]{ -DofGof]/ :k|]8;{ /kml6{nfOh/ l8li6«Ao"6;{_ / pkzLif{s*$##=%!=)), *$##=%#=)) / *$##=%(=))df kg]{ s[lif sfo{df k|of]u x'g] j]n/ jf :6«sn]S6/ ;lxtsf] sDjfOG8 xfe]{i6/, j]n/, :6«sn]S6/ oGq tyf oGqfjnLx¿, pkzLif{s*&)!=!)=!) df kg]{ xft] 6\ofS6/ / kfj/l6n/, pkzLif{s *$#&=!)=)) df kg]{ ldlnËtyf ldS;LË d]lzg, pkzLif{s ()!*=()=))df kg]{ l;d]G; l;lnË lkmlnË d]lzg .l;+rfO{ sfo{df k|of]u x'g] b'O{ xif{ kfj/b]lv cf7xif{ kfj/;Dd zlQm ePsf] Ol~hg ;lxtsf]klDkª ;]6 / ;f]sf] ;fydf k}7f/L x'g] xf]hkfOk .-8_ tof/L kf]zfs lgof{t ug]{ pBf]ux¿n] k}7f/L ug]{Eofs'd cfO/lgª 6]j'n / :6Ld cfO/g .-9_s[lif tyf kz'hGo pBf]udf k|of]u x'g] ;]k/]6/,ldNs lrlnª Eof6, lnSjL8 gfO6«f]hg,cf}Bf]lus /]lk|mh/]6/, lnSjL8 gfO6«f]hg /fVg]sG6]g/ / zLif{s *$#^ sf] OGs'j]6/, lkml8ªKnf06, -;fdfGo ef8fjt{g afx]ssf s'v'/fsf]bfgf v'jfpg] ljz]if lsl;dsf efF8f_ / s'v'/fkfng Joj;fosf nflu cfjZos kg]{ ;Dk"0f{oGq . o:tf oGq pks/0fx¿ l;=s]=8L= jfP;=s]=8L= ¿kdf k}7f/L x'Fbf låljwf kg{ uPdfk}7f/L ubf{s} cj:yfdf Ps k|ltzt eG;f/dx;'n lnO{ afFsL dx;'n afktsf] a}Í Uof/]06Llng] / pQm oGqf]ks/0f h8fg eO;s]kl5d]lzg 7xl/Pdf pQm a}Í Uof/]06L km's'jful/g]5 .310


-0f_skmL k/km'/]6/ -zLif{s *%=!^_, jLpm ljhgl:qmlgª ;l6{ª ;DaGwL d]lzg -zLif{sx¿*$=#& / *$=&$_, kmnk"mnsf] /; lgsfNg]d]lzg -zLif{s *$=#%_, k'mn ;kmf ug]{ d]lzg,l;FrfOdf k|of]u x'g] l:k|Ín / l8«k Ol/u]zg;DaGwL pks/0fx¿ .-t_ lrof pBf]un] k}7f/L ug{] d]lzg/L, pks/0f /kf6{k'hf{x¿, :k|Lªsn, l8«k Ol/u]zg / ;f];DaGwL ;xfos ;fdu|Lx¿, lrof KoflsËsf]nflu pBf]usf] gfd 5kfO{ k}7f/L ug]{ KoflsËd]6]l/on .-y_ btf{ ePsf dT:o kmfd{x¿n] k}7f/L ug]{ ljleGglsl;dsf tof/L hfnx¿, hfn agfpg k|of]uul/g] gfOng wfuf] / df5f kfNg] tof/L s]hx¿,kDk;]6, x\ofsls6, P/]6/, c6f]d]l6s lkm8/,xfF;sf] rNnf s8fpg] OGs'j]6/, dT:o ljif Pj+dT:o k|hggsf nflu cfjZos xfdf]{g .-b_-w_s[lif, jfujfgL tyf k'ik kmfd{x¿n] k}7f/L ug]{lu|g xfp;, l;FrfO pks/0f / o:t} cGo oGqpks/0f .d"No clej[l4 s/df btf{ ePsf h]g]/]6/pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]ux¿n] k}7f/L ug]{ h]g/]l6ªkf6{;\ .-g_ pBf]ux¿n] k|b"if0f lgoGq0fsf nflu k}7f/L ug]{;+oGq / pks/0f .-k_ zLif{s %!=)* df kg]{ klZdgfsf] wfuf] -sflZd/Lofg{_ .-km_ eG;f/ pkzLif{s *()#=(! df kg]{ df]6/ /lxtjf ;lxt ;]njf]6 -lvofpg] 8'Ëf_ .-a_ zLif{s *$=%@ df kg]{ n'uf l;pg] sn /O06/ns d]lzg ;d]t .-e_ df}/L kfng pBf]un] k}7f/L ug]{ df}/L kfngsf]nflu cfjZos kg]{ d]6n Jof/n, /fgL 5]Sg]311


-#_kftf, df}/L a'|;, cfwf/ rfsf /f]n/, luo/ kDk/ JxLn Kn]6 tyf df}/Lkfng Joj;fosf] d]lzg-zLif{s *$=#^_ / dx 5fGg] / /; 5fGg] d]lzg-zLif{s *$=##_ .-d_ tof/L uxgf agfO{ ljb]z lgsf;L ug]{ pBf]un]k}7f/L ug]{ eG;f/ b/aGbLsf] efu @% cGtu{tkg]{ sRrf PDa/ -Raw Amber_ .eG;f/ dx;'n cf+lzs ¿kdf 5'6 x'g] M-s_ sfk]{6 pBf]ux¿n] k}7f/L ug]{ efu %% df kg]{;a} lsl;dsf dfgjlgld{t :6]k'n kmfOj/dfnfUg] eG;f/ dx;'ndf gAa] k|ltzt 5'6lbOg]5 .-v_ efu #) df kg]{ b/aGbLdf dfkmL hlgP afx]ssfcf}ifwL -Rojgk|f;, bzd'nfl/i6, czf]sfl/i6,sNk;'Gb/L nufotsf dfgj kf]if0f /:jf:Yojw{s le6fldg, afd, leS;, :jLrf] tyfafd, leS; jf :jLrf]sf] sfo{ ug{] cGo o:t}pTkfbgx¿ afx]s_, /f]u lgbfgdf k|of]u x'g]k/LIf0f ls6\; -8foUgf]l:6s ls6\;_ -efu #*sf] ;d]t_ df kfFr k|ltzt eG;f/ dx;'nnfUg]5 .-u_efu *$ sf] kfFr k|ltzt eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]3/fo;L k|of]u x'g ;Sg] jfx]ssf ldn, d]lzg/LPj+ oGqf]ks/0fx? / pBf]u ljefusf] :jLs[tl:sd adf]lhd ;L=s]=8L= jf P;=s]=8L=cj:yfdf k6s k6s k}7f/L x'g] ldn d]lzg/Lsfd'Vo cjoj Pj+ tLgsf klxrfgof]Uo c+ux? Pj+;xfos ;du|Lx?df rf/ k|ltzt dfq eG;f/dx;'n nfUg]5 . efu &# df kg]{ d]sflgsn;+oGq h8fg gul/Psf e08f/0f 6+sLx? -:6f]/]h6\ofÍ_, u|fOl08ª jn -k]if0f u'l6sf_, kmnfd jf:kftsf kfOkx? tyf efu ^( df kg]{ tfk;xg ug{ ;Sg] O{6f Pj+ ljB'tLo k|;f/0fnfOgdf h8fg ul/g] 6«fG;km/d/x? h:tf312


-3_dfn:t'x?df of] ;'ljwf k|bfg gu/L b/jGbLadf]lhd g} dx;'n c;'n ul/g]5 . hu]8f jfk|lt:yfkgsf] nflu k}7f/L x'g] ldn d]lzg/L oGqpks/0fsf kf6{k'hf{ Pj+ ;xfos ;fdu|Lx?dfklg of] ;'ljwf glbO{ b/jGbL adf]lhd s} dx;'nnfUg]5 .t/, k'/fgf jf k|of]u eO;s]sf ldnd]lzg/L oGqf]ks/0fdf o; v08 adf]lhdsf] 5'6lbOg] 5}g .sg{ ˆn]S;, cf]6\;, d':nL, kf]/Lh, lXj6 ˆn]S;h:tf j|]s kmf:6 ;]l/oN; pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]un]k}7f/L ug]{ pkzLif{s !))$=() cGtu{tsf] e";;lxtsf] cf]6\; k}7f/L u/]df kfFr k|ltzt dfqeG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]5 .-ª_ 8]/L pBf]un] k}7f/L ug]{ b"w 9'jfgLdf k|of]u x'g]zLif{s *&=)$ df kg]{ 6\ofÍ/df c;L k|ltzt .;fy} o:tf pBf]un] b"w 9'jfgL ug{k|of]u x'g] tof/L 6\ofÍ/ k}7f/L gu/L To;sf]r]l;; k}7f/L u/]df To:tf] r]l;; k}7f/L ubf{nfUg] eG;f/ dx;'n w/f}6Ldf lnOg]5 / 5dlxgfleq 6\ofÍ/ agfO{ oftfoft Joj:yfsfof{nodf btf{ u/L ;f]xL cjlwleq ;DalGwteG;f/ sfof{nodf ;f]sf] k|df0f k]z u/]kl5 o;pkv08 adf]lhd 5'6 lbO w/f}6L /sd lkmtf{ul/g]5 . o;/L k}7f/L ul/Psf 6\ofÍ/x¿ b"w9'jfgL k|of]hgsf] nflu cGo 8]/L pBf]unfO{laqmL ubf{ ;d]t eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg] 5}g . b"w9'jfgL ug]{ sfo{b]lv afx]s cGo k|of]hgsf] nflulaqmL ug]{ ePdf jf cfk}mn] cGo k|of]udfNofpg rfx]df sfg"g adf]lhd nfUg] dx;'nlt/L laqmL ug{ jf cGo k|of]hgdf NofpgkfOg]5 . ;f] adf]lhd gu/L cGo k|of]udfNofPsf] kfOPdf To:tf] 6\ofÍ/ hkmt ul/g]5 .313


-r_-5_-h_zLif{s %@=)% / %@=)& sf] ;"tL wfuf]sf]k}7f/Ldf kfFr k|ltzt eG;f/ dx;'ndf c;Lk|ltzt 5'6 x'g]5 .d"No clej[l4 s/df btf{ ePsf kf]lnsf]l6Ë k]k// lk|G6]8 n]ldg]zg lkmNd pTkfbg ug]{pBf]ux¿n] kf]lnsf]l6Ë k]k/ jf lk|G6]8 n]ldg]zglkmNd pTkfbg ug{ cfjZos kg]{ kl/df0f;Ddsf]zLif{s #(=!(, #(=@) / #(=@! sf] kf]lni6/lkmNd, lj=cf]=kL=kL= lkmNd, PS:6«'6]8 kf]lnlkmNdd]6fnfOH8 ;L=kL=kL= lkmNd / ldNsL ;L=kL=k+L=lkmNd k}7f/L ubf{ bz k|ltzt dfq eG;f/dx;'n nfUg]5 .Pn=kL= UofF; k}7f/L ubf{ kfFr k|ltztdfqeG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]5 .-em_ efu &! sf] zLif{s &!=)* df kg]{ ;'gdf k|ltbz u|fd rf/ xhf/ b'O{ ;o ¿k}ofF / zLif{s&!=)^ df kg]{ rfFbLdf k|lt bzu|fd 5kGg¿k}ofF eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]5 . ;fy} zLif{s&!=!# df kg]{ ;'gsf uxgfdf kGw| k|ltztdfqeG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]5 .t/, jfl0fHo j}Íx¿n] ;j{;fwf/0fhgtfx¿nfO{ ljqmL ug]{ p2]Zon] cfˆgf] nf]uf]c+lst ;–;fgf kl/df0fsf l;Ssfx¿ k}7f/Lu/]df ;f] l;Ssfx¿df efu &! sf] zLif{s&!=)* df kg]{ ;'g ;/x g} eG;f/ dx;'nnfUg]5 .-`_ zLif{s ^@=!! df kg]{ ;f8L, n'ËL, ;'tLsf] uD5f/ ;'tLsf] wf]tL -hgfgf÷dbf{gf_ df kfFrk|ltztdfq eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]5 .-6_ s]j'n sf/ lgdf{0f ug]{ pBf]un] s]j'n sf/lgdf{0f sfo{sf lgldQ cfjZos kg]{ zLif{s&#=!@ cGtu{tsf] s]j'n -nÝf_ / tof/L Sofj jfSofj lgdf{0f ug{ cfjZos kg]{ :6Ln kftf314


-7_k}7f/L ubf{ eG;f/ dx;'ndf krf; k|ltzt 5'6x'g]5 .b]xfosf dfnj:t'x¿df kGw| k|ltzt dfq eG;f/dx;'n nfUg]5M–!= zLif{s #(=!* df kg]{ o"lkle;Lsf]sf]¿u]6]8 ¿lkmª l;6 -6foN;_,@=o'kLeL;Lsf] ‰ofn 9f]sf kf6L{zg nufotljleGg ;fdfg pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]un]cfˆgf] pTkfbgsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu k}7f/Lug]{ zLif{s #(=!^ sf] dfnj:t' .-8_ zLif{s #(=@) df kg]{ lkmn/ df:6/ Aofrdfbz k|ltzt dfq eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]5 .-9_-0f_ljB't jf Aof6«Laf6 dfq rNg] u/L pTkfbgePsf efu *& sf ;jf/L tyf 9'jfgL ;fwg-On]lS6«s l/S;f ;d]t_ k}7f/L ubf{ b/aGbLadf]lhd nfUg] eG;f/ dx;'ndf krf; k|ltzt5'6 x'g]5 .dfnj:t' lr:ofgdf /fvL 9'jfgL ug{ k|of]u x'g]u/L k"0f{?kn] /]lk|mlh/]l6Ë k|0ffnL h8fg ul/PsfzLif{s *&=)$ df kg]{ 9'jfgLsf ;fwgx¿sf]k}7f/Ldf bz k|ltzt dfq eG;f/ dx;'nnfUg]5 / zLif{s *&=)^ cGtu{tsf dfnj:t'lr:ofgdf /fvL 9'jfgL ug{ k|of]u x'g] u/L/]lk|mlh/]l6Ë k|0ffnL h8fg ug{ cfjZos kg]{r]l;; / pQm r]l;;df h8fg x'g] aS; /;f];+u ;DalGwt d]lzg/L pks/0f ;lxtsf]r]l;; -/]lk|mlh/];g l;i6d_ k}7f/L u/]dflgodfg';f/ nfUg] k'/} eG;f/ dx;'n w/f}6Ldf/fvL kl5 dfnj:t' lr:ofgdf /fvL 9'jfgL ug{k|of]u x'g] u/L k"0f{?kn] /]lk|mlh/];g h8fgePsf] 9'jfgLsf] ;fwg agfO{ oftfoft Joj:yfsfof{nodf btf{ u/]sf] k|df0f eG;f/ sfof{nodfk]z u/] kl5 bz k|ltzt eG;f/ dx;'n315


jfktsf] /sd c;'n u/L jfFsL /x]sf] w/f}6L/sd lkmtf{ ul/g]5 .-t_ pBf]un] ;"o{d'vLsf] t]n pTkfbg ug{ k}7f/L ug]{;"o{d'vLsf] u]8f, bfgf tyf kz'k+IfL pBf]un]k}7f/L ug]{ e6df;sf] lkgf tyf pBf]un] cfˆgf]pTkfbgsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu k}7f/L ug]{ ds}sf]u]8f tyf pv'df nfUg] eG;f/ dx;'ndf krf;k|ltzt 5'6 / s[lif ;'wf/ z'Nssf] xsdfc7\;ÝL k|ltzt 5'6 x'g]5 .-y_ e6df;sf] u]8faf6 t]n tyf lkgf pTkfbg ug]{pBf]un] k}7f/L ug]{ e6df;sf] u]8fdf nfUg]eG;f/ dx;'ndf krf; k|ltzt 5'6 / s[lif;'wf/ z'Nssf] xsdf zt k|ltzt 5'6 x'g]5 .-b_-w_pBf]un] cfˆgf] pTkfbgsf] k|of]hgsf] nfluk}7f/L ug]{ pkzLif{s #(@#=!)=!) df kg]{Knfli6ssf kl/j]i6g -Kofs_ ug]{ 6\o"jx¿dfnfUg] eG;f/ dx;'ndf kRrL; k|ltzt 5'6x'g]5 .l:klnl6Ë Pj+ l8l:6n]zg KnfG6 /fvL l8l:6N8k]ml§ Pl;8, :6]l/s Pl;8, lUn;l/g tyf ;fj'gpTkfbg ug]{ pBf]un] k}7f/L ug]{ zLif{s !%=)#df kg]{ 6]nf] cfon, zLif{s @*=#( df kg]{;f]l8od l;lns]6 / zLif{s #*=@# df kg]{ kfdPl;8 cfon, kfd k]m§L Pl;8 / Pl;8cfondf nfUg] eG;f/ dx;'ndf krxQ/k|ltzt 5'6 x'g]5 .-g_ jg:klt £o" tyf t]n pTkfbg ug]{ :jb]zLpTkfbg d"ns pBf]un] k}7f/L ug]{ sRrf;f]ofljg t]n, sRrf ;"o{d"vLsf] t]n, sRrfkfd cfon / sRrf kfdcf]lng t]nsf] k}7f/LdfeG;f/ dx;'n b'O{ bzdnj kfFr k|ltzt dfqnfUg]5 .-k_ 6]lnlehg h8fg -P;]Djn_ ug]{ pBf]ux¿n]6]lnlehg h8fg ug{sf] nflu cfjZos316


-km_kf6{k'hf{x¿, cw{ tof/L Pn=;L=8L= jf Pn=O{=8L,Kofg]n, Sofyf]8 /] lkSr/ 6\o"j tyf ;xfos;fdu|Lx¿ ;lxtsf] pkzLif{s *%@*=&@=!) dfkg]{ h8fg gul/Psf] -cgP;]DjN8_ 6]lnlehgk}7f/L ubf{ aL; k|ltzt dfq eG;f/ dx;'nnfUg]5 .xf8{j]o/df klxn] g} nf]8 eO{ cfPsf -lk|–nf]8]8jf OgljN6_ ;ˆ6j]o/ k}7f/L x'Fbf h'gxf8{j]8/df nf]8 eO{ cfPsf] xf] ;f]xL xf8{j]o/d}juL{s/0f u/L dx;'n lnOg]5 / ;ˆ6j]o/sf]5'§} juL{s/0f ug'{kg]{ 5}g .-a_ efu *& cGtu{t kg{] xfOlj|8 ;jf/L ;fwg-Jof6«L / OGwg b'j}af6 rNg]_ k}7f/L ubf{b/jGbL adf]lhd nfUg] eG;f/ dx;'ndf kRrL;k|ltzt 5'6 x'g]5 .-e_-d_sDtLdf Ps x]S6/ If]qkmndf df5f kfngu/]sf dT:o kmfd{x?n] hLljt df5fx? Pj+df5fsf e'/fx? 9'jfgL ug]{ u/L tof/ u/]sfclS;hg ;+oGq hl8t 9'jfgL ;fwgdf bzk|ltzt dfq eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]5 .rfnL; jf ;f]eGbf a9L ;L6 Ifdtfsf sDtLdfkfFr j6f a;x? ;fj{hlgs oftfoftdf;~rfng ug]{ u/L btf{ ePsf ;xsf/L;+:yfx? tyf sDkgLx?n] plNnlvt k|of]hgsf]nflu k}7f/L ug]{ pQm Ifdtfsf tof/L a; Pj+ltgsf r]l;;x?df kfFr k|ltzt dfq eG;f/dx;'n nfUg]5 . To;/L k}7f/L u/]sf ;jf/L;fwgx? k}7f/L u/]sf] ldltn] bz jif{ gk'uLlaqmL lat/0f, gfd;f/L jf s'g} lsl;dn] xsx:tfGt/0f ug{ kfOg] 5}g . bz jif{ gk'uLgfd;f/L, laqmL jf s'g} lsl;dn] xsx:tfGt/0f u/]df k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd k'/}dx;'n nfUg]5 .317


-o_-/_g]kfnL k|sfzs Pj+ ;Dkfbsx? ldnL ;~rfngug]{ u/L btf{ ePsf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?n] k}7f/Lug]{ pkzLif{s *$$#=!@=)) jf *$$#=!#=))df kg]{ ckm;]6 d'b|0f oGqfjnL -ckm;]6 lk|l6Ëd]lzg_ df Ps k|ltzt dfq eG;f/ dx;'nnfUg]5 .k"j{lgld{t ejg -lk|km]la|s]6]8 ljlN8ª_ lgdf{0fug]{ u/L btf{ ePsf pBf]ux?n] To:tf ejglgdf{0f ug{sf] nflu k}7f/L ug]{ zLif{s &@=!)jf &@=!@ df kg]{ l:n6 :6Ln SjfOndf bzk|ltzt dfq eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]5 .-n_ bfn pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]un] k}7f/L ug]{ d'+u, /x/,df; tyf d';'/f]sf] bfgf k}7f/L ubf{ nfUg]eG;f/ dx;'n / s[lif ;'wf/ z'Nsdf krf;k|ltzt 5'6 x'g]5 .!%= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;DalGwt lgsfosf] l;kmfl/;df b]xfosfdfnj:t'df b]xfo adf]lhd eG;f/ dx;'n 5'6 x'g]5 M–-!_ eG;f/ dx;'n k"0f{ 5'6 x'g] M–-s_-v_s"6gLlts lgof]u, kl/of]hgf / cGo lgsfox¿-;/sf/L Pj+ u}/;/sf/L ;+3 ;+:yf_ n] dx;'n;'ljwfdf k}7f/L u/]sf z'¿ pTkfbg jif{n] kGw|jif{ gf3]sf k'/fgf ;jf/L ;fwg cy{ dGqfnosf]:jLs[lt lnO{ k'gM k|of]u x'g g;Sg] u/L :q\mofku/L /lhi6«]zg /2 ug{ rfx]df To:tf] ;jf/L;fwg ./Iff dGqfnosf] l;kmfl/;df g]kfnL ;]gfsfgfddf k}7f/L x'g] b]xfo adf]lhdsf dfnj:t'M–-c_;}lgs k|of]usf v/vhfgf, xftxltof/,uf]nL uÝf, jf¿b / ltgsf :k]o/ kf6{;,ljz]if k|sf/sf] t]n / 6NnLx¿,PS;];l/h, ljikmf]6s kbfy{, ;}lgs;fdu|L pTkfbg ug{ cfjZos kg]{sRrfkbfy{ tyf ;'/Iffsf] lgldQ k|of]uug]{ d]lzg/L cf}hf/x¿ / kf6{k'hf{x¿ .318


-u_-cf_;}lgs hjfg tyf 3f]8f vRr8x¿sf]:jf:Yo pkrf/sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{cf}hf/, pks/0f, cf}ifwL / tT;DaGwL;fdfgx¿ .-O_ g]kfnL ;]gfn] pkof]u ug]{ ;~rf/sfpks/0fx¿ / ;f]sf] ;~rfngsf] nflucfjZos dfn;fdfgx¿ .-O{_ Ol~hlgol/Ë ;e]{ / lgdf{0f sfo{dfk|of]u x'g] x]eL cy{d'leË Knf06, cf}hf// ;f];DaGwL kf6{;, clK6snOlSjkd]06 tyf /Iff dGqfnoåf/ftf]lsP adf]lhdsf] l8k]mG; :6f]/sf;fdfgx¿ .-p_SoflDkË OlSjkd]06; tyf :k]zn kmf];{/ Kof/f 6«'k/nfO{ cfjZos kg]{ ljleGg;fdfgx¿ .-pm_ ;}lgs c:ktfnsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{kmlg{r/ tyf ;/;fdfgx¿, cf}ifwL,d]l8sn cf}hf/x¿ / pks/0fx¿ .-P_g]kfnL ;]gfsf] gfddf k}7f/L x'g]xjfOhxfh, x]lnsf]K6/ / ltgsfkf6{k'hf{, Kof/f;'6 -Jofu ;d]t_ 6'N;,tyf u|fp08 OlSjkd]06x¿ .-P]_ lakb\ p4f/ sfo{df k|of]u x'g];fdfgx¿ .u[x dGqfnosf] l;kmfl/;df ;z:q k|x/L k|wfgsfof{nosf] gfddf k}7f/L x'g] b]xfo adf]lhdsfdfnj:t' M–-c_ zflGt ;'/Iff sfod ug{ cfjZos kg]{d]lzg/L cf}hf/x¿ .-cf_ xftxltof/ .-O_ eL8 lgoGq0fsf ;fdfgx¿ .319


-3_-O{_c:ktfn ;~rfngsf nflu cfjZoskg]{ pks/0f tyf cf}hf/x¿ .-p_ ;z:q k|x/Ln] k|of]u ug]{ ;~rf/;DaGwL ;fdfgx¿ -;~rf/ dGqfnosf]l;kmfl/; adf]lhd_ .-pm_-P_-P]_ck/fw cg';Gwfgsf] nflu cfjZospks/0f tyf cGo ;fdfgx¿ .ljikmf]6s ;DaGwL ;z:q k|x/LnfO{cfjZos kg]{ ;fdfgx¿ .j}1flgs k|of]uzfnfsf] nflu rflxg];fdfgx¿ .-cf]_ lakb\ p4f/ sfo{df k|of]u x'g];fdfgx¿ .u[x dGqfnosf] l;kmfl/;df g]kfn k|x/Lsf]gfddf k}7f/L x'g] b]xfosf dfnj:t'M–-c_zflGt ;'/Iff sfod /fVg cfjZosd]lzg/L tyf cf}hf/x¿ .-cf_ xftxltof/ .-O_ eL8 lgoGq0fsf] nflu cfjZos;fdfgx¿ .-O{_c:ktfn ;~rfngsf] nflu cfjZoskg]{ pks/0f tyf cf}hf/x¿ .-p_ k|x/Ln] k|of]u ug]{ ;~rf/ ;DaGwL;fdfgx¿ -;~rf/ dGqfnosf]l;kmfl/; adf]lhd_-pm_ 6«flkms ;DaGwL ;fdfgx¿ .-P_-P]_lkmË/ lk|G6\; / ;f] ;DaGwL cfjZos;fdfgx¿ .ck/fw cg';Gwfgsf] nflu rflxg]pks/0f tyf cGo ;fdfgx¿ .320


-ª_-r_-5_-h_-cf]_-cf}_ljikmf]6s ;DaGwL k|x/LnfO{ cfjZoskg]{ ;fdfgx¿ .j}1flgs k|of]uzfnfsf] nflu rflxg];fdfgx¿ .-c+_ lakb\ p4f/ sfo{df k|of]u x'g];fdfgx¿ .afl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ Joj:yfkg ljefusf]l;kmfl/;df kj{tf/f]x0f bnn] 6«flGh6sf] ¿kdfg]kfnsf] af6f] u/L k}7f/L÷lgof{t ug]{dfnj:t'x¿ .g]kfn /fi6« a}Ísf] gfddf k}7f/L x'g] a}Í gf]6,l;Ssf, ;'g, rfFbL, 6sd/Lsf] lgldQ cfjZoskg]{ sfuh, wft' Pj+ /;fog, r]sa's tyfa}ÍnfO{ cfjZos kg]{ cGo dfnj:t'x¿ .:jf:Yo tyf hg;+Vof dGqfnosf] l;kmfl/;dfk}7f/L x'g] b]xfo adf]lhdsf dfnj:t'x¿M–-c_-cf_jL= kL= sf]O/fnf d]df]l/on SofG;/c:ktfn, jL= kL= sf]O/fnf :jf:Yolj1fg k|lti7fg, zxLb u+ufnfn /fli6«ox[bo s]Gb| / dgdf]xg sfl8{of]yf]/fl;sef:s'n/ tyf 6«fG;KnfG6 ;]06/sf]gfddf k}7f/L x'g] lgdf{0f tyf;~rfngsf] nflu cfjZos lgdf{0f;fdu|L Pj+ lrlsT;f ;DaGwLpks/0fx¿ Pj+ cf}hf/x¿ .SofG;/sf lj/fdLnfO{ lgMz'Ns ljt/0fug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu ;/sf/L jf;fd'bflos c:ktfnx¿n] k}7f/L ug]{SofG;/ lg/f]ws lUne]s PrhL;L /o:t} cf}ifwLx¿ .pBf]u ljefusf] l;kmfl/;df h'6 pBf]un]cfˆgf] pBf]usf] ;~rfngsf] nflu k}7f/L ug]{:k]o/ kf6{x¿ .321


-@_ eG;f/ dx;'n Ps k|ltzt dfq nfUg] M–-s_:jLs[ltk|fKt lghL jf ;fd'bflos c:ktfnx¿n]b]xfo adf]lhdsf] zt{ cg';f/ o; cg';"rLsf]bkmf !@ sf] v08 -s_ sf] cwLgdf /xLg]kfnl:yt cflwsfl/s ljq]mtfx¿dfk{mt k}7f/Lug{] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] kl/df0f;Ddsf PDj'n]G;/ zjjfxg M–-c_-cf_:jf:Yo tyf hg;+Vof dGqfno jfP;f]l;P;g ckm k|fOe]6 x]NyOlG:6Ro"zg g]kfnsf] l;kmfl/;df Ps;oeGbf sd z}of ePsf] lghL jf;fd'bflos c:ktfnsf] nflu Pp6fPDa'n]G; / Pp6f zjafxg tyf Ps;o jf ;f]eGbf a9L z}of ePsf]c:ktfnsf] nflu b'O{j6f;Dd PDa'n]G;/ Pp6f zjafxg . o; pkv08adf]lhd l;kmfl/; ubf{ :jf:Yo tyfhg;+Vof dGqfno jf P;f]l;o;g ckmk|fOe]6 x]Ny OlG:6Ro"zg g]kfnn] pQm;+:yfn] To;eGbf cl3 o:tf] ;'ljwfpkef]u gu/]sf] Joxf]/f pQml;kmfl/;kqdf v'nfpg' kg]{5 .o;/L ;'ljwfdf k}7f/L ePsf]PDa'n]G; bz jif{ k'/fgf] eO{ jf b'3{6gfjf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] k|of]u ug{ g;Sg]ePdf To;nfO{ kq' -:S|ofk_ u/L btf{vf/]h u/fO{ ;f]sf] k|df0f eG;f/sfof{nodf k]z u/]kl5 ;f]sf] ;§f csf]{PDj'n]G; k}7f/L ubf{ ;d]t of] ;'ljwflbOg]5 .v08 -v_ jf o; v08sf] pkv08 -c_adf]lhd PDa'n]G; jf zjjfxg k}7f/Lubf{ lgDg adf]lhdsf] zt{ ;d]t kfngfug'{ kg]{5 M–322


-!_323PDa'n]G; jf zjafxg k}7f/Lubf{ k}7f/Ls} cj:yfdf To:tf]PDa'n]G; jf zjafxgsf]cufl8 k5fl8 6f9}af6 b]lvg]u/L 7"nf–7"nf cIf/dfPDa'n]G; (Ambulance) jfzjafxg egL n]lvPsf] x'g'kg]{5 .-@_ PDa'n]G;df ;fO/g, Odh]{G;LaQL, :6«]r/sf ;fy} cGocfjZos cf}hf/x¿ lkm6ul/Psf] x'g' kg]{5 .-#_ PDa'n]G; jf zjafxgdfrfnssf] k5fl8kl§ s'g} klg;L6 /flvPsf] x'g' x'Fb}g .-$_-%_-^_-&_To:tf] PDa'n]G; lj/fdLsf];]jf afx]s cGoq k|of]u ug{ /zjafxg zjsf] cf];f/k;f/ug{ afx]s cGo k|of]hgdfk|of]u ug{ kfOg] 5}g .pQm PDa'n]G; jf zjafxgg]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;jf/L k|b"if0fdfkb08leq /x]/ ;~rfngug'{ kg]{5 .o;/L k}7f/L ePsf] PDa'n]G;jf zjafxgsf] ;jf/L btf{ubf{ PDa'n]G; jf zjafxgegL ;jf/L btf{ k|df0fkqdf:ki6 pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .PDa'n]G;df 6f9}af6 b]lvg] u/L7"nf 7"nf cIf/df æg]kfn;/sf/af6 /fh:j 5'6 ;'ljwfk|fKtÆ eGg] klg n]lvPsf] x'g'kg]{5 .


-v_-u_-3_-O_-*_/fh:j 5'6 ;'ljwfdf k}7f/Lu/]sf PDa'n]G;n] lj/fdLcf];f/k;f/ nufotsf ;]jfk|bfg u/]afkt lng] ef8f b/:jf:Yo tyf hg;+VofdGqfnon] tf]s] adf]lhdx'g]5 .pkv08 -cf_ df plNnlvt zt{pNnª\3g u/]sf] kfOPdf To:tf]PDa'n]G; jf zjafxg hkmt u/Llauf] adf]lhd hl/afgf ul/g]5 .;/sf/L, ;fd'bflos Pj+ lghL If]qsf c:ktfnafx]s sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ ePsf cGo ;+3,;+:yf, sDkgL Pj+ pBf]un] :jf:Yo tyfhg;+Vof dGqfnosf] l;kmfl/;df o;pkbkmfsf] v08 -s_ sf] pkv08 -cf_adf]lhdsf] zt{sf cwLgdf /xL k}7f/L ug]{PDa'n]G; / zjafxg Ps÷Ps yfg . o; v08adf]lhd l;kmfl/; ubf{ :jf:Yo tyf hg;+VofdGqfnon] pQm ;+:yfn] To;eGbf cl3 o:tf];'ljwf pkef]u gu/]sf] Joxf]/f pQml;kmfl/;kqdf v'nfpg' kg]{5 .;/sf/L c:ktfnn] :jf:Yo tyf hg;+VofdGqfnosf] l;kmfl/;df k}7f/L ug]{ PDa'n]G; /zjafxg .cf}Bf]lus Joj;fo P]g, @)$( sf] bkmf @%s=df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]zsf]cfGtl/s tyf afx\o sf/0fn] /fd|f];Fu rNgg;sL 7"nf] gf]S;fgL Joxf]g'{ k/]sf pBf]ux¿sf]k|j4{g tyf ;'wf/sf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n]lglZrt dfkb08 lgwf{/0f u/]/ g]kfn /fhkqdf;"rgf k|sfzg u/L s'g} pBf]unfO{ ¿U0f pBf]u3f]if0ff u/L To:tf pBf]unfO{ ;f]xL ;"rgfdftf]lsPsf] lgsfosf] l;kmfl/;df To:tf ¿U0f324


pBf]ux¿sf] k'g:yf{kgfsf] nflu k}7f/L ug]{cf}Bf]lus d]lzg/L / kf6{k'hf{ .-ª_ kz' ;]jf ljefusf] l;kmfl/;df b]xfoadf]lhdsf dfnj:t'x¿ M–-r_-5_-c_-cf_bfgf tyf kz'kIfL pBf]ux¿n] k}7f/Lug]{ efu @*, @( / #) df kg]{sRrfkbfy{ tyf ;xfos sRrfkbfy{Pj+ KoflsË d]6]l/on .o;/L l;kmfl/; ubf{ Pscfly{s jif{df vkt x'g ;Sg] kl/df0fPs}k6s l;kmfl/; ug{ ;Sg]5 . o:tf];'ljwf cg';f/ k}7f/L ug{] sRrfkbfy{,;xfos sRrfkbfy{ Pj+ pBf]usf]6]«8dfs{ clÍt KoflsË d]6]l/onsf]l;kmfl/; ubf{ kz' ;]jf ljefun] vktcg'kft / ljqmL Pj+ ljb]z lgsf;LePsf] kl/df0fsf] cfwf/df ug'{ kg]{5 .gZn ;'wf/sf] nflu ljb]zaf6 k}7f/Lul/g] pkzLif{s )%!!=!) cGtu{t kg]{pGgt hftsf rf}kfosf] jLo{ -l;d]g_/ kz'sf] e"|0f .ko{6g pBf]usf] k|rf/ tyf k|j4{gsf] nflug]kfnaflx/af6 5kfO{ NofPsf] :t/Lo k|rf/;fdu|L,j}slNks phf{sf ;|f]t ;DaGwL b]xfo adf]lhdsfdfnj:t'x¿ M–-c_-cf_j}slNks phf{sf] ;|f]t, h:t} xfjfaf6ljB't pTkfbg ug]{ xfjf ldn / ltgsfP;];l/h / kf6{k'hf{,b/jGbLdf dfkmL hlgP afx]ssf ;f}o{zlQmaf6 ljB't pTkfbg ug{ k|of]u x'g]lgDg pks/0fx¿M–325


-O_-!_-@_-#_-$_-%_-^_-&_;f]nf/ Kofgn, ;f]nf/ df]8\o"n-zLif{s *%=$!_, ;f]nf/ rfh{sG6«f]n/-pkzLif{s*%)$=$)_,;f]nf/ kmf]6f]ef]lN6s 6\o"jn/Jof6«L -zLif{s *%=)&_,;kmf 6]Dkf]sf] Jof6«L pTkfbgug{ cfjZos kg]{Pl06df]lgon ln8 PNjfoOGu6, ln8 -zLif{s &*=)!_Jof6«LjS;, ;]k/]6/ / 6\o"jn/-zLif{s *%=)&_,;f]nf/ n]8 l8=;L= aNa -rLd_tyf ;f]nf/ l/rfh]{jn nfn6]g{-zLif{s ($=)%_,;f}o{ kDk -zLif{s *$=!#_,;f}o{ tfk pmhf{ ;DaGwL lgDgpkzLif{sdf kg]{ pks/0fx¿M@()%=#@, &$!)=@!,&^)&=!(, *$)#=!),*$)#=(), *$!@=*),*$!(=!(, *$!(=#! /*%!^=^) .c;L k|ltzt eGbf a9L IfdtfePsf] ;f]nf/ OGe6{/ .uf]a/ UofF; nufot afof]UofF;sf nflucfjZos kg]{ pks/0f, h:t} d]g UofF;eNe tyf afof] UofF;df k|of]u x'g]cGo eNex¿ / ltgsf lkml6Ë, PNaf],UofF; kfOk, UofF; u]h, uf]a/ UofF;aQL, UofF; 6]k -a|f;_, uf]a/ UofF;r'Nxf] / ltgsf kf6{k'hf{, l/8S;g PNjf]/ /j/ xf]h kfOk .326


-h_-em_-`_-6_-O{_ uf]a/af6 ljB't pTkfbg ug]{ Aof6«Lagfpg] pBf]un] k}7f/L ug]{ sRrfkbfy{-pBf]usf] jflif{s Ifdtf / :jLs[t:sLddf tf]lsPsf] kl/df0f;Dd_ ;f]Aof6«L agfpg cfjZos sRrfkbfy{x¿egL pBf]u ljefu jf 3/]n' tyf ;fgfpBf]u ljefuaf6 l;kmfl/; eO{ cfPsfsRrfkbfy{x¿ .-p_-pm_afof] phf{df cfwfl/t afof] :6f]e-/fO; x:s :6f]e_ .h}ljs OGwg pTkfbgsf] k|of]hgsf]nflu k}7f/L x'g] ldn, d]lzg/Lpks/0f, ltgsf kf6{k'hf{ tyf/;fogx¿ .d[uf}nf pkrf/df k|of]u x'g] x]df] 8fonfOl;;d]lzg, 8fonfOh/ / o;sf] 6\o"ljË .s[lifhGo pTkfbg, kmnk"mn, df5f cflb ;'/lIftug{ lgdf{0f ul/g] lzt e08f/sf] nflu cfjZoskg]{ oGq tyf pks/0fx¿ / ydf]{sf]n .afnLgfnLsf] nfludfq k|of]u x'g] efu #* sfsL6gfzs, 9';Lgfzs, ´f/kftgfzs,d';fgfzs cf}ifwL / To;sf] sRrf kbfy{ .:jf:Yo tyf hg;+Vof dGqfnosf] l;kmfl/;dfk}7f/L x'g] b]xfo adf]lhdsf dfnj:t'x¿ M–-c_ ;/sf/L, ;/sf/L cg'bfgk|fKt /;fd'bflos c:ktfnn] k}7f/L ug]{ efu*$ / () sf cf}ifwLo Pj+zNolrlsT;f ;DaGwL oGq pks/0ftyf cf}hf/x¿, d'6'leq k|Tof/f]k0ful/g] eNex¿, :6]06x¿, k]; d]s/x¿ .t/ o;/L k}7f/L u/]sfdfnj:t'x¿ jf/]06L jf Uof/]06Lsf]cjlwdf k}7f/L u/]sf] ldltn] Ps327


-7_-8_-9_jif{leq dd{t ug{ n}hf+bf jf dd{t u/LNofpFbf jf ;f]sf] ;§f ;f]xL k|sf/sf]csf]{ dfnj:t' k}7f/L ubf{ To;dfeG;f/ dx;'n k"0f{ 5'6 x'g]5 .-cf_ ;/sf/L, ;/sf/L cg'bfg k|fKt,;fd'bflos / u}/ ;/sf/Lc:ktfnx¿n] k}7f/L ug]{ cfFvfpkrf/sf] k|of]udf cfpg] O06«fcf]s'n/n]G; pTkfbg ug{ cfjZos kg]{ sRrfkbfy{ / ltgsf ;xfos ;fdu|Lx¿,oGq pks/0fx? / ltgsf kf6{k'hf{x? .ufpF ljsf; ;ldltsf] xsdf ;DalGwt lhNnfljsf; ;ldlt / gu/kflnsfsf] xsdf;DalGwt gu/kflnsfsf] l;kmfl/;df af¿0foGq -bdsn_ Pj+ 9nsf] kmf]xf]/ kfgLk|zf]wgsf] nflu k}7f/L x'g] l6«6d]06 KnfG6,d]lzg/L / ;+oGqx¿ .;DalGwt gu/kflnsfsf] l;kmfl/;df kmf]x/d}nf ;Íng u/L k'gM pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]ux¿n]k}7f/L ug]{ ufj]{h sDkfS6/, ufj]{h sG6]g/ tyfkmf]x/ d}nf k|zf]wg u/L k'gM pTkfbg ug]{d]lzg/Lx¿ .ljb]zL lgof]u tyf bft[ ;+:yfn] s"6gLlts;'ljwf jf dx;'n ;'ljwfdf k}7f/L u/L s'g}cfof]hgfsf] :jLs[t jflif{s sfo{qmd cg'¿kcfof]hgfnfO{ g} x:tfGt/0f u/L ;/sf/L gDa/Kn]6df kl/jt{g ug]{ jf s'g} cfof]hgfsf] gfddfk"0f{ jf cf+lzs dx;'n ;'ljwfdf -nut jf a}ÍUof/]06Ldf k}7f/L ePsf] afx]s_ k}7f/L ePsf /cfof]hgf ;dflKtkl5 cy{ dGqfnosf] :jLs[ltlnO{ ;/sf/L gDa/ Kn]6df kl/jt{g ug]{ u/L;/sf/L lgsfonfO{ x:tfGt/0f ug]{ jf :jLs[ltk|fKt sDtLdf !% z}ofeGbf a9L Ifdtfsf u}/gfkmfd'vL ;fd'bflos c:ktfnnfO{ x:tfGt/0fug]{ ;jf/L ;fwg .328


-0f_-t_cf}ifwL Joj:yf ljefusf] l;kmfl/;df cf}ifwLpBf]un] k}7f/L ug]{ sRrf kbfy{, ;xfos sRrfkbfy{, /f;folgs kbfy{, Koflsª d]6]l/on tyf!% Pd=Pn= ;Dd Ifdtfsf d]hl/Ë skx¿ .o:tf] l;kmfl/; ubf{ cf}ifwL Joj:yfljefun] sRrfkbfy{sf] vkt cg'kft, :jb]zdfx'g] pkef]u Pj+ ljb]zdf ePsf] lgsf;Lsf]cfwf/df Ps cfly{s jif{sf] nflu rflxg]kl/df0f Ps}k6s l;kmfl/; ug{ ;Sg]5 .ljB't ljsf; ljefu jf j}slNks pmhf{ k|j4{gs]Gb|sf] l;kmfl/;df hnljB't pTkfbg, k|;f/0f,ljt/0f, ;~rfng jf ;+ef/sf] nflu cfjZoskg]{ ;~rfng jf ;+ef/sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{lgdf{0f pks/0fx¿, d]lzg/L cf}hf/x¿ / ;f]sf];DalGwt kf6{k'hf{x¿ tyf To:tf pks/0fx¿lgdf{0f ug{ cfjZos kg]{ sRrf kbfy{ -:6Lnl;6_ .-y_ d[uf}nf /f]uLx¿sf] pkrf/df k|of]u ug]{ zLif{s#*=@$ df kg]{ 8fOnfl;; jfy sG;G6]«6 -7f];jf t/n_ .-b_ uf]ne]8fsf] s]rk tyf ;; pTkfbg ug]{ u/L;xsf/L ;+:yfn] :yfkgf u/]sf] pBf]un]uf]ne]8fsf] s]rk tyf ;; pTkfbgsf] nflus[lif ljsf; dGqfnosf] l;kmfl/zdf k}7f/L ug]{ldn d]lzg/L tyf oGq pks/0f .-w_jftfj/0f, lj1fg tyf k|ljlw dGqfnosf]l;kmfl/;df ;kmf 6]Dkf]df k|of]u x'g] l8k;fOsn ln8 Pl;8 Jof6«Lx¿ .-#_ eG;f/ dx;'n cf+lzs 5'6 x'g] M–-s_d;L agfpg] pBf]un] pBf]u ljefusf]l;kmfl/;df k}7f/L ug]{ /f;folgs kbfy{df nfUg]eG;f/ dx;'ndf krf; k|ltzt 5'6 lbOg]5 .329


-v_ :jb]zL d'b|0f -k]|;_ pBf]un] cfˆgf] pBf]usf]k|of]usf] nflu d]lzg/L kf6{k'hf{, 5fKg] 6fOkAns, Kn]6, zL6, u|flkms cf6{, lkmNd, zLif{s()=)^ cGtu{tsf el6{sn Sofd/f, s]ldsnx¿k}7f/L u/]df nfUg] eG;f/ dx;'ndf krf;k|ltzt 5'6 x'g]5 . ;fy}, o:tf pBf]un] k}7f/Lug]{ d;Lsf] k}7f/Ldf eg] kfFr k|ltztdfqeG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]5 .-u_ 6«]lsË Ph]G;Ln] cfˆgf] k|of]hgsf] nflu kfn-6]G6_ cfO; PS;, SofDkg, lk6g, SnfOlDjª/f]k, SnfOlDaªdfdfq k|of]u x'g] dfnj:t'x¿,ljz]if k|sf/sf SoflDkª qmf]s/L tyf s6n/L /¿s:ofs klxnf] k6s k}7f/L ubf{ kfFrk|ltztdfq eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]5 . ;fy} o:tfPh]G;Lx¿n] ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfnosf]l;kmfl/;df k}7f/L ug]{ ;~rf/ pks/0fdf ;d]tnfUg] eG;f/ dx;'ndf krf; k|ltzt 5'6x'g]5 . o;/L k}7f/L x'g] dfnj:t'dWo] SoflDkªqmf]s/L / s6n/Ldf 6]«lsË Ph]G;Lsf] gfd /lrGx clÍt ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 .-3_ hnofqfsf] Joj;fo ug]{ /flˆ6Ë Ph]G;Ln]cfˆgf] Joj;fo ;~rfngsf] nflu /a/ /df]6/sf] 8'Ëf bz÷bz yfg, x]nd]6 Ps;oyfg, Kof8n Ps;o hf]/ / jf6/ k|'km Sofd/fs06]g/ bz yfg klxnf] k6s k}7f/L ubf{eG;f/ dx;'n kfFr k|ltztdfq nfUg]5 .-ª_g]kfndf 5fofÍg ul/Psf] l;g]df 8]enk ug{jf k|zf]wg ug{ jf k|bz{g ug{ c:yfoL lgsf;Lug'{ k/]df rnlrq ljsf; af]8{sf] l;kmfl/;dfeG;f/ dx;'n glnO{ nutdf /fvL lgsf;L ug{lbOg]5 . o:tf] l;g]df k'gM k}7f/L ubf{ k|ltl;g]df kfFr xhf/ ¿k}+of eG;f/ dx;'nnfUg]5 . ljb]zdf k|bz{gsf nflu nluPsf]l;g]df lkmtf{ NofpFbf eg] eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]5}g .330


t/ ljb]zL rnlrq g]kfndf k|bz{gsf]nflu k}7f/L ubf{ k|lt rnlrq bz xhf/ ¿k}ofFeG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]5 . ;fy} g]kfndf rnlrq5fofFÍg ug{sf] nflu ljb]zL gful/sx¿n]cfk"m;Fu Nofpg] tyf g]kfnL gful/sn] ljb]zdfrnlrq 5fofÍg ug{sf] nflu cfk"m;+u n}hfg]rnlrq ;DaGwL oGq pks/0fx¿ / ;f];Fu;DalGwt dfnj:t'x¿ rnlrq ljsf; af]8{sf]l;kmfl/;df kl5 lkmtf{ n}hfg] jf lkmtf{ Nofpg]zt{df eG;f/ dx;'n glnO{ nutdf /fvLk}7f/L jf lgsf;L ug{ lbg ;lsg]5 .-r_ :yfoL :jLs[t k|fKt 6«fen Ph]G;L, 6]«lsËPh]G;L, /flˆ6Ë Ph]G;L / tf/] tyf l/;f]6{xf]6nn] ko{6g tyf gful/s p•og dGqfnosf]l;kmfl/;df k}7f/L u/]sf] nSh/L sf]r,dfOqmf]a; / ldlga;dWo] hDdf b'O{ yfgdfnfUg] eG;f/ dx;'ndf krf; k|ltzt 5'6x'g]5 .-5_t/ o;/L k}7f/L x'g] ;jf/L ;fwgx¿k}7f/L ePsf] cf7 jif{;Dd lghL ;jf/Lsf]¿kdf btf{ ug{ jf gfd;f/L ug{ gkfOg] /;jf/L ;fwgdf aflx/kl§ To:tf Ph]G;L jfxf]6nsf] gfd n]lvPsf] x'g' kg]{5 . o:tf ;jf/L;fwg cf7 jif{ gk'uL gfd;f/L u/]dflgodfg';f/ k"/} eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]5 / cf7jif{kl5 gfd;f/L ePdf eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]5}g . Psk6s o:tf] ;'ljwf pkef]u ul/;s]sf]cf7 jif{ Joltt ul/;s]kl5dfq k'gM o:tf];'ljwf k|bfg ul/g]5 .tf/] xf]6n jf l/;f]6{x¿n] :jLs[t of]hgfcg';f/xf]6]nsf] lgdf{0f jf Ifdtf lj:tf/ jf :t/a[l4sfnflu jf klxn] k}7f/L u/]sf dfnj:t'x¿ k'/fgfeO{ ltgnfO{ k|lt:yfkg ug{sf] nflu k}7f/L ug]{b]xfosf pkv08 -c_ df plNnlvt dfnj:t'dfkfFr k|ltztdfq eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]5 M–331


-h_-c_ lsr]g OSo"kd]06, lnˆ6,Po/s08L;lgª, kmlg{r/ P08lkmS;r;{, /Ëx¿, sfk]{6 -pmgL afx]s_,On]lS6«s OG:6n]zg P08 lkmS;r;{,n08«L tyf 8«fOlSnlgª, xfp;lslkËOSo"kd]06, On]lS6«sn kf6{;, sDk|];/P08 kDk;\, nS; P08 nlsË km/ 8f];{,On]lS6«sn 6«fG;kmd{/ P08 h]g]/]6;{,qms/L, Unf;j]o/, s6n/L P086]j'nj]o;{, ;]lg6/L lkml6Ë / lng]G; .-cf_ pkv08 -c_ df plNnlvtdfnj:t'dWo] qms/L, Unf;j]o/,s6n/L, 6]j'nj]o/, ;]lg6/L lkml6Ë /lng]G;df xf]6]nsf] gfd / lrGx clÍtePsf] x'g' kb{5 .-O_o; v08df plNnlvt ;'ljwf kfFrjif{sf] cjlwdf Psk6s dfq k|bfgul/g]5 .:jf:Yo tyf hg;+Vof dGqfnosf] l;kmfl/;df;/sf/L c:ktfnn] / :jf:Yo tyf hg;+VofdGqfno jf Pzf]l;o;g ckm k|fOe]6 x]NyOlG:6Ro";g g]kfnsf] l;kmfl/;df ;fd'bflos jflghL c:ktfnn] k}7f/L ug]{ dfOqmf]a; Pj+ldlga;x¿df b]xfo adf]lhd eG;f/ dx;'n 5'6lbOg]5M–-c_-cf_Go"gtd kGw| z}ofb]lv krf; z}of;DdePsf] c:ktfnsf] nflu dfOqmf]a; jfldlga;dWo] Pp6f / krf; z}ofeGbfa9L ePsf] c:ktfnsf] nfludfOqmf]a; jf ldlga;dWo] hDdfb'O{j6f ;jf/L ;fwgdf nfUg] eG;f/dx;'ndf krf; k|ltzt 5'6 lbOg]5 .pkv08 -c_ adf]lhd ;'ljwfdf k}7f/LePsf] dfOqmf]a; jf ldlga; k'/fgf]332


eO{ k|of]u ug{ g;lsg] ePdf To;nfO{:qm\ofk u/]sf] k|df0f eG;f/sfof{nodf k]z u/]kl5 ;f]xL k|sf/sf]csf]{ ;jf/L ;fwg k}7f/L ubf{ ;d]t of];'ljwf lbOg]5 .-´_ rnlrq w'nfO{ ug]{ WjgL eg]{ ;d]t p2]Zon] btf{ePsf pBf]u jf sDkgLx¿n] rnlrq ljsf;af]8{sf] l;kmfl/;df k}7f/L ug]{ b]xfosf pkv08-c_, -cf_ / -O_ df plNnlvt dfnj:t' /rnlrq k|bz{g ug]{ p2]Zon] btf{ ePsf pBf]ujf sDkgLx¿n] pkv08 -O{_ df plNnlvtdfnj:t'x¿ klxnf] k6s k}7f/L ubf{ b'O{bzdnj kfFr k|ltzt dx;'n lnO{ afFsL dx;'n5'6 x'g]5 . o;/L l;kmfl/; ubf{ rnlrqljsf; af]8{n] ;DalGwt pBf]u jf sDkgLsf]Ifdtf / k|of]usf] cfwf/df kl/df0f ls6fg u/Ll;kmfl/; ug'{ kg]{5 .-c_-cf_g]u]l6e k|f];]l;Ë d]lzg, sDKo"6/fOH8lk|Eo"Pjn g]u]l6e sl6ª d]lzg ;]6,kmfOgn g]u]l6e cN6«flSnlgª d]lzg,lel8of] Pl;i6 ;lxt sn/ PgfnfOlhË-s/]S;g_ d]lzg ;]6, kmfOgn lk|lG6Ëtyf kmfOgn k|f];]l;Ë d]lzg, k|f];];/Pj+ lk|G6/, PgfnfOh/, k|f]h]S6/,:6]gj]s, ;fp08 l/8/, l;qmf]dL6/,:kfnfOh/, l/jfO08/, # lrk Pr=8L=Sofd]/f / ;f]sf] n]G;, Pr=8L= 6]k/]s8{/, Pr=8L= xf8{ l8:s, Pr= 8L=df]lg6/, kL @ /]s8{/, kL= @ sf8{ /lel8of] Sofd]/f :6]jnfOh/ .sn/ s/]S;g ;d]tsf] 6]lnl;g] d]lzg,j]6f–P;=kL= lel8of] /]s8{/ Pj+6]lnl;g] ;DaGwL pks/0fx¿, dlg6/,cl8of] ldlS;Ë sG;f]n / a]6f lel8of]P;=kL= Pj+ 6]kl/s8{/x¿, 8j/,333


-`_-6_-O_-O{_ldS;r/, PlDKnkmfo/, :kLs/ /dfOqmf]kmf]g .;fp08 clK6sn 6«fG;kml/Ë d]lzg;]6, lk|G6 lk|Eo" k|f]h]S6/x¿, !^Pd=Pd= Pj+ #% Pd=Pd= sfSofd/fx¿, ;fp08 clK6sn Sofd/f,n]G;, lkmN6/x¿, Dofu]lhg, Sofd]/f:6}08, a}6«L rfh{/x¿, 6«nL, 8nL, qm]g/ l/ˆn]S6/x¿ . j]jL, ;'k/ dN6L–!),dN6L–@) ;f]nf/, Pr= Pd= cfO{,8Ld/ .nSh/L l;6\;, $ 6geGbf a9LIfdtfsf Po/ s08L;G;, k|f]h]S6/n]G;, k|f]h]S6/ NofDk; / /]lS6kmfO;{,k|f]h]S6 sG;f]n, h]gg jNj;, k|f]h]S6sfa{G;, l8lh6n lkmNd ;j{/,;jpkm;{, lkmNd Knf6;{, lkmNdc6f]d]zg OlSjkd]06\;, l:qmG;,l8lh6n l;g]df k|f]h]S6/ -%)))No'd]G;–g]l6e !)*)x&@) l/;f]n';g_/ ;f]sf] n]G; .ko{6g tyf gful/s p•og dGqfnosf]l;kmfl/;df kj{tf/f]x0f bnn] g]kfnsf lxdfncf/f]x/0f ug{sf] lgldQ k}7f/L ug]{ g]kfndfvkt x'g] dlb/f tyf r'/f]6 afx]ssfdfnj:t'x¿df bz k|ltzteGbf a9L eG;f/dx;'n nfUg] ePdf bz k|ltzt dfq eG;f/dx;'n nfUg]5 . o:tf bnx¿n] k}7f/L ug]{g]kfndf vkt gx'g] dfnj:t'x¿sf] xsdfb/aGbL adf]lhd nfUg] dx;'n w/f}6Ldf lnO{dfnj:t' lkmtf{ u/]kl5 w/f}6L /sd lkmtf{lbOg]5 .;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfnosf] l;kmf/;dfu|fdL0f If]qdf ;]jf k'¥ofpg] b"/;~rf/ ;]jfk|bfos jf b"/;~rf/ ;]jf :yfkgf u/L334


-7_;~rfng ug]{ ;/sf/L jf lghL If]qsf lgsfon]PS;r]Gh :yfkgf tyf g]6js{ lj:tf/sf nfluk}7f/L ug]{ b/aGbLdf dfkmL eP afx]ssf s]j'n,Jof6«L tyf b"/;~rf/ ;DaGwL pks/0fx¿-6fj/ :6«Sr/ / ;]N6/ afx]s_ df kfFrk|ltzteGbf a9L eG;f/ dx;'n b/ ePdf ;ftk|ltzt dfq eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]5 .kq–klqsf k|sfzg ug{ :jLs[lt k|fKt ;~rf/u[xx¿n] k}7f/L ug]{ cvjf/L sfuh -eG;f/pkzLif{s $*)!=))=))_ df nfUg] eG;f/dx;'nsf] krf; k|ltzt 5'6 x'g]5 .-8_ zLif{s ()=!* df kg]{ l;l/Gh pTkfbg ug]{pBf]un] l;l/Gh pTkfbg ug{ cfjZos kg]{kl/df0f;Ddsf] Knfli6s bfgfdf pBf]uljefusf] l;kmfl/;df k}7f/L ubf{ b'O{ bzdnjkfFr k|ltzt dfq eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]5 .pBf]u ljefun] o;/L l;kmfl/; ubf{ pBf]un]pTkfbg tyf ljqmL u/]sf] l;l/Ghsf] kl/df0f,;f] l;l/Gh pTkfbg ubf{ nfUg] Knfli6s bfgfsf]kl/df0f Pj+ vkt cg'kft ;d]tsf cfwf/dfPs cfly{s jif{sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ Knfli6sbfgfsf] kl/df0f Ps}k6s l;kmfl/; ug'{kg]{5 .-9_d'6'sf] zNolqmof ubf{ k|of]u x'g] si6d 6\o"ljËKofs -;L=l6=kL_ pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]un] cfˆgf]pTkfbgsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ kl/df0f;Ddsf]d]l8sn kL=le=;L= 6\o"j / ;f] sf] ;xfos;fdu|Lx? pBf]u ljefusf] l;kmfl/;df k}7f/Lubf{ bz k|ltzt dfq eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]5 .-0f_ Ps ;o j6f eGbf a9L b'wfn' ufO{ jf e}+;LkfNg] kz' kmfd{n] cfˆgf] k|of]hgsf] lgldQ s[lifljsf; dGqfnosf] l;kmfl/;df k}7f/L ug]{ Psj6f 9'jfgLsf] ;fwgdf nfUg] eG;f/ dx;'ndfkrf; k|ltzt 5'6 x'g]5 . o:tf 9'jfgLsf;fwg k}7f/L u/]sf ldltn] ;ft jif{;Dd ljqmLljt/0f jf gfd;f/L ug{ kfOg]5}g .335


!^=-t_ lrof pBf]un] lrof 9'jfgL ug]{ k|of]hgsf]lgldQ zLif{s *&=)$ cGtu{tsf lksck jfldlg 6«s s[lif ljsf; dGqfnosf] l;kmfl/;dfk}7f/L u/]df ;ft jif{;Dd ljqmL ljt/0f jfgfd;f/L ug{ gkfpg] u/L Ps k6ssf nflub]xfo adf]lhdsf] ;+Vofdf eG;f/ dx;'ndfkrf; k|ltzt 5'6 x'g]5 M–-!_-@_bz ljufxf b]lv tL; ljufxf;DdIf]qkmndf lrof v]tL u/L lrofpTkfbg ug]{ pBf]ux¿nfO{ Ps j6f,tL; ljufxfeGbf a9L If]qkmndf lrofv]tL u/L lrof pTkfbg ug]{pBf]ux¿nfO{ b'O{ j6f .-y_ cf}ifwL pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]ux?n] cf}ifwL pTkfbgPj+ u'0f:t/ sfod ug{ cfjZos kg]{ Po/x\of08lnË o'lg6 k}7f/L ubf{ kfFr k|ltzt dfqeG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]5 .b]xfosf dfnj:t'x¿ ef/t / hgjfbL u0ftGq rLgsf] :jzfl;tIf]q ltAjtaf6 k}7f/L x'Fbf eG;f/ dx;'n k"0f{¿kn] 5'6 x'g]5 /b]xfo adf]lhdsf] b/df s[lif ;'wf/ z'Ns nfUg]5M–-!_kfFr k|ltztsf b/n] s[lif ;'wf/ z'Ns nfUg] dfnj:t'x¿M-s_efu ! sf] hLljt hGt' ;a},-v_ efu # sf] zLif{s )#=)! b]lv )#)$=((;Ddsf dfnj:t'x¿,-u_-3_-ª_efu $ sf] zLif{s )$=)! sf pTkfbgx¿,zLif{s )$=)& sf pTkfbgx¿ / zLif{s)$=)( sf] ck|zf]lwt k|fs[lts dx,zLif{s )%=)^ sf pTkfbgx¿,efu ^ sf ;a} pTkfbgx¿,-r_ efu & sf b]xfosf zLif{s÷pkzLif{sdf kg]{dfnj:t' jfx]ssf cGo ;a} pTkfbgx¿,336


pkzLif{s )&!@=()=!! tyf)&!@=()=!@ sf] -;'sfPsf] n;'g_, )&!#=!),)&!#=@), )&!#=#!, )&!#=#@, )&!#=##,)&!#=#$, )&!#=#%, )&!#=^) / zLif{s)&=!$,-5_ efu * sf] pkzLif{sx¿, )*)!=!@, )*)!=!(,)*)#=!), )*)#=(), )*)$=@) sf] tfhfc+lh/, pkzLif{sx¿ )*)$=#), )*)$=$),)*)$=%), zLif{s )*=)% sf] ;a} pTkfbg,pkzLif{s )*)^=!) / zLif{s )*=)& b]lvpkzLif{s )*!)=() ;Ddsf pTkfbgx¿,-h_ efu ( sf] pkzLif{s )(!)=!!=!) /)(!)=#)=!) sf pTkfbgx¿,-´_-`_o; bkmfsf] pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -v_ dfplNnlvt afx]ssf efu !) sf vfBfGgx¿;a},o; bkmfsf] pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -u_ dfplNnlvt afx]ssf efu !! sf] zLif{s !!=)@b]lv pkzLif{s !!)$=#) ;Ddsf pTkfbgx¿,-6_ efu !@ sf] zLif{s !@=)! b]lv pkzLif{s!@)@=$@ ;Ddsf pTkfbg, zLif{s !@=)^,pkzLif{s !@)&=@!, !@)&=@(, pkzLif{s!@)&=$) / pkzLif{s !@)&=(( sfpTkfbg . zLif{sx¿ !@=)*, !@=)(, !@=!) /!@=!!, pkzLif{sx¿ !@!@=(!, !@!@=(@,!@!@,(#, !@!@=($ / !@!@=(( sfpTkfbgx¿, zLif{s !@=!# / zLif{s !@=!$sf pTkfbgx¿,-7_ efu !$ sf pkzLif{s !$)$=()=!!,!$)$=()=!@, !$)$=()=!#, !$)$=()=!%,!$)$=()=!^, !$)$=()=!& / !$)$=()=!*,jfx]ssf ;a} pTkfbgx¿,-8_efu !% sf] pkzLif{s !%@!=() sf pTkfbg,337


!&=-@_-9_ efu !& sf pkzLif{sx¿ !&)!=!#=!) /!&)!=!$=!) sf u'+8 ;Vv/,-0f_efu @# sf zLif{sx¿ @#=)$, @#=)% / @#=)^sf ;a} pTkfbgx¿,cf7 k|ltztsf b/n] s[lif ;'wf/ z'Ns nfUg] dfnj:t'x¿M-s_-v_pkzLif{s )&!#=$) / )&!#=() sf] bfn,pkzLif{s !))^=@), !))^=#) / !))^=$) sfrfdn,-u_ zLif{s !!=)! sf] d}bf tyf pkzLif{s !!)#=!!/ !!)#=!( sf] kL7f] .eG;f/ dx;'n tyf s[lif ;'wf/ z'Ns k"0f{ 5'6 x'g] M b]xfosfdfnj:t'x¿ k}7f/L ubf{ eG;f/ dx;'n tyf s[lif ;'wf/ z'Ns k"0f{¿kdf 5'6 x'g]5 M–-s_zLif{s )!=)% tyf zLif{s )!)^=## -cli6«r_ cGtu{tkg]{ dfp hftL -efn] kf]yL_ sf] rNnf .-v_ k'ik kmfd{x¿n] k}7f/L ug]{ k"mnsf lj¿jf -db/ KnfG6\;_sndL lj¿jfx¿, k"mnsf] ufgf tyf h/fx¿ / k"mnsf]aLp aLhg .-u_ s'v'/fsf] bfgf pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]u jf Xofr/L kmd{x¿n]k}7f/L ug]{ s'v'/fsf] bfgfdf k|of]u x'g] zLif{s )%=)^ dfkg]{ xf8sf] w"nf] / cjz]ifx¿ .-3_ g]kfndf h}ljs dn pTkfbg ug]{ u/L btf{ ePsfpBf]un] h}ljs dnsf] pTkfbgsf nflu k}7f/L ug]{lgdvnL / c08LvnL .-ª_-r_-5_h}ljs OGwg pTkfbgsf] nflu k}7f/L ul/g] ;lhjg(Jatropha) sf] bfgf tyf jLp -l;8\;\_ .kz' ;]jf ljefusf] l;kmfl/;df gZn ;'wf/sf] nfluk}7f/L ul/g] efu ! df kg]{ hLljt rf}kfof kz'x? .s[lif ljsf; dGqfnosf] l;kmfl/;df k}7f/L ul/g] pGgthftsf kmnk"mnsf lj?jfx? .338


!*= dfnj:t'sf] :ki6 3f]if0ff ug'{kg]{ M– g]kfnleq k|tLtkqåf/f k}7f/Lx'g] dfnj:t'sf] xsdf k|lttkq vf]Nbfs} cj:yfdf / cGo j}lsËk|0ffnL dfk{mt e'QmfgL x'g] u/L k}7f/L ePsf] dfnj:t'x¿sf]xsdf k|f]kmdf{ OGEjfO; tyf ltgsf ljhsdf dfnj:t'sf]ls6fgL -:k]l;lkms_ ljj/0f, j:t' juL{s/0f zLif{s, k|To]sj:t'sf] k|lt OsfO{ d"No / kl/df0f, pTklQsf] d'n's Pj+oyf;Dej dfnj:t'sf] k|s[lt cg';f/ df]8]n gDa/ / sDkgL;d]t v'nfpg' kg]{5 . ;fy} dfnj:t' wgL jf eG;f/ Ph]G6n]k}7f/L ug]{ dfnj:t'sf] 3f]if0ff ubf{ ljhsdf plNnlvtdfnj:t'nfO{ k|1fkgkqdf cnu cnu 3f]if0ff -l;Ën OG6«L_ ug'{kg]{5 . dfly pNn]v ul/Padf]lhd cnu cnu 3f]if0ff -l;ËnO06«L_ u/]sf] gkfOPdf jf k|tLtkq, k|f]kmdf{ OGEjfO; tyfltgsf ljhsdf dfnj:t'sf] ls6fgL -:k]l;lkms_ ljj/0f, j:t'juL{s/0f zLif{s, k|To]s j:t'sf] k|lt OsfO{ d"No, kl/df0f,pTklQsf] d'n's, dfnj:t'sf] k|s[lt cg';f/sf] df]8]n g+= /sDkgL h:tf ljj/0f pNn]v u/]sf] gkfOPdf eG;f/ clws[tn];f] adf]lhd 3f]if0ff ug{ nufO{ To:tf dfnj:t'df eG;f/n]lgwf{/0f u/]sf] d"Nosf] b'O{ k|ltzt / dx;'n gnfUg] dfnj:t'ePdf d"Nosf] Ps k|ltzt yk /sd c;'n u/L hfFrkf; ug{;Sg]5 .!(= ljljw Mo; bkmfsf dfly plNnlvt Joj:yfx¿ sfof{Gjog ug]{;DaGwdf jfwf c8\sfp k/L ;/nLs/0f ug'{kg]{ b]lvPdf eG;f/ljefun] sfo{ljlw agfO{ nfu" ug{ ;Sg]5 .-!_b]xfodf pNn]v eP jfx]s k'/fgf tyf k|of]u ePsfdfnj:t'x? k}7f/L ug{ kfOg] 5}g .-s_s'g} pBf]un] cfˆgf] pBf]usf] ;~rfngsf]nflu k}7f/L ug]{ efu *$ df kg]{ pTkfbgldltn] bz jif{ ggf3]sf ldn d]lzg/L Pj+oGq pks/0fx? .-v_ pBf]un] cfˆgf] k|of]hgsf] nflu k}7f/L ug]{:s|fk -kq'_ .-u_xjfO{ ;]jf sDkgLx¿n] xjfO{ ;]jf ;~rfngsf]nflu g]kfn gful/s p•og k|flws/0fsf]339


-@_-#_-3_-ª_-r_l;kmfl/;df k'/fgf jf k|of]u ePsf xjfOhxfh,x]lnsf]K6/ / ltgsf Ol~hgx¿ Pj+ km]8/nPlePzg P8\ldG;6«]zg -Pkm=P=P=_, o"/f]lkogPlePzg ;]ˆ6L Ph]G;L -O{=P=P;=P=_ jf;DalGwt b]zsf gful/s p•og k|flws/0f-;L=P=P=_ af6 :jLs[tk|fKt d]G6Lg]G; l/lko/cf]e/xn -Pd=cf/=cf]=_ sDkgLx¿n] d]G6Lg]G;dd{t ;Def/ jf cf]e/xn u/L Po/cf]lb{g];:6f088{ k|df0fLs/0f u/]sf jf g]kfn gful/sp•og k|flws/0faf6 :jLs[tk|fKt sDkgLx¿n]dd{t ;Def/ jf cf]e/xn u/]sf xjfOhxfh /x]lnsf]K6/sf cGo kf6{k'hf{x¿ .lghL u'06f lem6L ef/L ;DaGwL ;"rgf cGtu{tk}7f/L ug{ kfOg] lghL k|of]usf dfnj:t' .g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jLs[lt lnO{ /fxt tyf p4f/sfo{sf nflu cGt/f{li6«o ;+3 ;+:yfaf6;xof]u :j¿k k}7f/L x'g] dfnj:t' .o; pkbkmfdf pNn]v ul/Pb]lv jfx]ssfk'/fgf jf k|of]u ePsf dfnj:t' / pTkfbgldltn] bz jif{ gf3]sf jf pTkfbg ldltgv'n]sf ldn d]lzg/L Pj+ oGq pks/0fx?k}7f/L u/]sf] kfOPdf hkmt ul/g]5 .ef/taf6 a}lsË k|0ffnL cg';f/ k}7f/L u/]sf dfnj:t'dfdfq o; cg';"rLsf] bkmf # df plNnlvt 5'6 k|bfgul/g]5 .rLgsf] :jzfl;t If]q ltAjtaf6 dfnj:t'x¿ k}7f/L ubf{b]xfodf plNnlvt dfnj:t' j:t' ljlgdo jf a}lͪk|0ffnL cg';f/ / cGo ;a} dfnj:t' a}lÍË k|0ffnLcg';f/ ug'{ kg]{5 M–-s_ sRrf pmg-v_ hLljt e]8f Rof+u|f-u_ g"g-3_ rf}+/L ufO{ / rf}+/L ufO{sf] k'R5/340


-ª_ un}+rf-r_ h8La'6Lt/ lgsf;L ubf{ / ;f]x| xhf/ ¿k}+of;Ddsf]dfnj:t' k}7f/L ubf{ a}lͪ k|0ffnL clgjfo{ x'g] 5}g .-$_ a|'c/L sDkgLn] qmfpgss{ k}7f/L ubf{ cfGtl/s /fh:jsfof{nosf] l;kmfl/;dfdfq k}7f/L ug'{ kg]{5 .-%_-^_t];|f] d'n's tyf rLgsf] :jzfl;t If]q ltJjtdflgsf;L x'g] dfnj:t' s'g} lgsf;Lstf{n] sf7df8f}+d}lqe'jg ljdfg:yn eG;f/ sfof{nodf hfFrkf; u/fO{aGb sG6]g/df eG;f/sf] l;n5fk nufO{ blIf0f;Ldfl:yt eG;f/ sfof{nox¿ tyf pQ/L ;Ldfdfcjl:yt tftf]kfgL tyf /;'jf eG;f/ sfof{noaf6lgsf;L ug{ rfx]df eG;f/ ljefun] k|lqmof tf]sL pQm;'ljwf k|bfg ug]{]5 .s'g} ;/sf/L lgsfo, pBf]u, JolQm, ;+:yf jf ljb]zLgful/sn] s'g} vf; sfo{ k|of]hgsf] nflu -Jofkfl/sk|of]hg afx]s_ kl5 lkmtf{ n}hfg] zt{df k}7f/L ug]{dfnj:t' ;DalGwt dGqfno jf b"tfjf;sf] l;kmfl/;dfa9Ldf tLg dlxgf;Ddsf] nflu nutdf /fvL k}7f/L ug{lbg ;lsg]5 . o;/L l;kmfl/; gePsf] cj:yfdf eG;f/sfof{non] cf}lrTo x]/L kl5 lkmtf{ ug]{ zt{df a9LdfPsjif{sf] cjlw tf]sL nfUg] s/, dx;'n tyf z'Nsx¿w/f}6L lnO{ hfFrkf; ug{ :jLs[lt lbg ;Sg]5 . tf]lsPsf];dodf dfnj:t' lkmtf{ gu/]df w/f}6L lkmtf{ x'g] 5}g .t/,-!_-@_lgdf{0f sfo{df k|of]u x'g] PS;fe]6/, 8f]h/,nf]8/, /f]n/ n]en/ tyf q]mg h:tf x]leOSjLkd]06x? kl5 lkmtf{ n}hfg] u/L c:yfoLk}7f/L ubf{ k|lt lbg Ps xhf/ ?k}ofFsf b/n]eG;f/ dx;'n lnO{ a9Ldf Ps jif{ ;Ddsf]nflu c:yfoL k}7f/L ug{ lbOg]5 .s[lif sfo{df k|of]u x'g] j]n/ jf :6« sn]S6/;lxtsf] sDjfOG8 xfe]{i6/ kl5 lkmtf{ n}hfg]341


-#_u/L c:yfoL k}7f/L ubf{ k|ltlbg Ps xhf/ kfFr;o ?k}ofFsf b/n] eG;f/ dx;'n lnO{ a9LdftLg dlxgf;Ddsf] nflu c:yfoL k}7f/L ug{lbOg]5 .lakb\sf] cj:yfdf p4f/ tyf /fxt sfo{dfk|of]u x'g] tyf p4f/ tyf /fxtsf nflu cfpg]ljb]zL JolQmx?sf nflu cfjZos kg]{ b]xfoadf]lhdsf dfnj:t'x? kl5 lkmtf{ n}hfg] u/Lnutdf /fvL c:yfoL k}7f/L ug{ lbg ;lsg]5M-s_-v_;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ ;DaGwL pks/0fx?,kfgL z'4Ls/0f tyf kfgL e08f/0f;DaGwL pks/0f tyf j:t'x?,-u_ 8fS6/, OlGhlgo/, ;~rf/sdL{,nlhli6l;og, ;fd'bflos sfdbf/cflbsf] sfdsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ ;a}lsl;dsf pks/0f, d]lzg, oGq tyfljB'tLo pks/0fx?,-3_-ª_-r_/fxtsf] nflu k|ToIf ?kdf k|of]u gx'g]t/ lakb\af6 ePsf] c;/nfO{ x6fpg/ ;f]sf] ;fdgf ug{ k|of]u x'g]pks/0fx? h:t}M ;a} k|sf/sf k|b"if0fx6fpg], ljlu|Psf, elTsPsf 3/,ejgx? tyf ;+/rgfx? ;kmf ug{] jfx6fpg], cf}Bf]lus ;+/rgfx? lg/LIf0fug]{ cflb sfo{df k|of]u x'g] d]lzg/Ltyf pks/0fx?,sfof{no pks/0f h:tf k|zf;lgs;xof]uL dfnj:t'x?, h:t}M sDKo"6/,kmf]6f]slk tyf lk|G6/, vr{ eP/ hfg]k|s[ltsf dfnj:t'x?, sd{rf/L ;'/Iff;DaGwL pks/0fx?, k|zf;lgsDofg'cn tyf sfuhftx?,lakb\sf] ;dodf p4f/ sfo{df vl6g]sd{rf/Lsf nflu :yfgfGt/0f ug{342


-&_-*_-5_;lsg] af;:yfg tyf o;sf ;xfos;fdu|Lx?, h:t}M vfgf ksfpg] tyfvfg] pks/0f tyf ;fdu|Lx?,:gfgfuf/ ;DaGwL ;fdu|Lx?, ;'/Iff;DaGwL ;fdu|Lx? .;jf/L ;fwgx?, ltgsf :k]o/ kf6{;tyf dd{tsf nflu cfjZospks/0fx?,-h_ p4f/ sfo{sf nflu cfjZoshgfj/x?, h:t}M tflnd k|fKt s's'/x?,-em_-`_lakb\ ;dodf p4f/df ;+nUg JolQmx?a:g tyf ltgLx?sf] sfo{;Dkfbgsf]nflu cfjZos kg]{ dfnj:t'x?,g]kfn ;/sf/n] /fxt k|of]hgsf] nflutf]s] adf]lhdsf cGo dfnj:t'x? .rLgsf] :jzfl;t If]q ltAjtaf6 q]ml86 ;'ljwf cGtu{tdfnj:t' k}7f/L ubf{ /fv]sf] w/f}6L /sd lkmtf{ kfpgsf]nflu pQm dfnj:t' k}7f/L u/]sf] ldltn] tLg dlxgfleqa}lͪ k|0ffnLaf6 e'QmfgL k7fPsf] k|df0f k]z u/L w/f}6Llkmtf{ lnO;Sg' kg]{5 . dfnj:t' k}7f/L ePsf] ldltn]tLg dlxgfleq pk/f]Qmadf]lhd lkmtf{ gePsf] w/f}6L/sd ;b/:ofxf ul/g]5 / To;df k}7f/Lstf{sf] bfaLnfUg] 5}g .g]kfnsf] cGo /fi6«x¿;+Fu ePsf låkIfLo tyf ax'kIfLo;D´f}tf jf ;lGwsf] k|lts"n gx'g] u/L Ps d'n'saf6cfofltt dfnj:t'x¿ k'gM csf]{ d'n'sdf 5 dlxgfleqlgof{t ug]{ u/L k}7f/L u/]df pQm dfnj:t'df b/aGbLcg';f/ nfUg] eG;f/ dx;'n w/f}6Ldf /fvL k}7f/L ug{lbg ;lsg]5 . o:tf j:t'x¿ lgsf;L ubf{ k}7f/L ubf{sf]cj:yfdf e'QmfgL u/]sf] ljb]zL d'b|fdf g36\g] u/Lcfh{g u/]sf] k|df0f / lgsf;L ePsf] k|df0f k]z u/]sf]Ps dlxgfleq w/f}6L /x]sf] /sdaf6 nfUg] eG;f/dx;'nsf] bz k|ltzt /sd c;'n u/L afFsL eG;f/dx;'n lkmtf{ ul/g]5 .343


t/ s'g} k}7f/Lstf{n] g]kfnsf] cGo /fi6«x¿;+FuePsf låkIfLo tyf ax'kIfLo ;D´}ftf jf ;lGwsf]k|lts"n gx'g] u/L Ps d'n'saf6 cfofltt dfnj:t'x¿k'gM csf]{ d'n'sdf j}lsË k|lqmof dfk{mt e'QmfgL x'g] u/Llgof{t ug{ rfx]df k}7f/L ubf{sf] cj:yfdf e'QmfgLu/]sf] ljb]zL d'b|fdf g36\g] u/L ljb]zL d'b|f k|fKt x'g]k|df0f k]z u/]df lgsf;L ug{ lbOg]5 .-(_ b'O{ kIfLo ;lGwdf c;/ gkg]{ u/L k|of]u eO;s]sf]cf}Bf]lus d]lzg/L oGq Pj+ pks/0fx¿ ljb]zdf laqmLug{ rfx]df laqmL afktsf] ljb]zL d'b|f cu|Ld ¿kdfk|fKt eO{ ;s]sf] jf ;f] afkt vf]lnPsf] k|tLtkqsf]cfwf/df pBf]u ljefusf] l;kmfl/;df lgsf;L ug{lbOg]5 .-!)_ b'O{ kIfLo ;lGwdf c;/ gkg]{ u/L g]kfndf k|of]ueO;s]sf lgdf{0f ;DaGwL k'/fgf oGq pks/0fx¿ljb]zdf laqmL ug{ rfx]df laqmL afktsf] ljb]zL d'b|fcu|Ld ¿kdf k|fKt ePsf] jf ;f] afkt vf]lnPsf]k|tLtkqsf] cfwf/df lgsf;L ug{ lbOg]5 .-!!_-!@_dx;'n, d"NofÍg, tYofÍ jf o:t} cGo k|of]hgsf] nfludxflgb]{zsn] j:t' juL{s/0fsf] pkzLif{sdf cfjZoscÍx? yk u/L sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg ;Sg]5 .ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿n] k|of]u ug{ ldNg] u/LagfOPsf :s'6/, dlxnf, afnaflnsf tyf ;dfhsNof0f dGqfno jf ;DalGwt lhNnfsf] k|d'v lhNnfclwsf/Lsf] l;kmfl/;df ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf]gfddf k}7f/L ubf{ eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]5}g . k}7f/Lsf]cj:yfdf ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿n] k|of]u ug{ ldNg]gePsf / k}7f/L ul/;s]kl5 ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿n]k|of]u ug{ ldNg] agfO{ btf{ ug]{ ePdf pQm dGqfno jf;DalGwt lhNnfsf] k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Lsf] l;kmfl/;dfk}7f/L ubf{ nfUg] eG;f/ dx;'n w/f}6L lnOg]5 .ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] gfddf pko'{Qm adf]lhdbtf{ ePsf] k|df0f eG;f/ sfof{nodf k]z u/]kl5 w/f}6L/x]sf] eG;f/ dx;'n lkmtf{ lbOg]5 . o;/L k}7f/L u/]sf]:s'6/ g]kfn ckfË ;+3sf] l;kmfl/;df ckfËtf ePsf344


-!#_-!$_JolQmx¿nfO{ g} laqmL jf gfd;f/L ubf{ eG;f/ dx;'nnfUg] 5}g .a08]8 j]o/xfp; / gub w/f}6L -kf;j's_ sf] ;'ljwfglnPsf pBf]ux¿n] cfk"mn] lgsf;L ug]{ dfnj:t'pTkfbgsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ sRrf kbfy{, ;xfossRrf kbfy{ -g]kfndf pTkfbg gx'g] KoflsË d]6]l/on;d]t_ k}7f/L u/L ;f]af6 pTkflbt tof/L dfnj:t'tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq tf]lsPsf] k|lqmof cg';f/ lgsf;Lu/]df To:tf sRrf kbfy{, ;xfos sRrf kbfy{-g]kfndf pTkfbg gx'g] KoflsË d]6]l/on ;d]t_ k}7f/Lubf{ eG;f/ laGb'df nfu]sf] s/, dx;'n g]kfn /fhkqdf;"rgf k|sfzg u/L ;f]xL ;"rgfdf tf]lsPadf]lhdsfdfnj:t'df tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] ldltb]lv tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] ;db/df eG;f/ laGb'af6} lkmtf{ lbOg]5 .g]kfn /fhkqdf k|sflzt lghL u'06f lem6L ef/L;DaGwL ;"rgfdf tf]lsP adf]lhd g]kfnL ofq'x¿n]Nofpg] Pn=;L=8L=, KnfHdf jf Pn= O{=8L= 6]lnlehgdfeG;f/ dx;'n, cGtMz'Ns, d"No clej[l4 s/ gnufO{b]xfo adf]lhdsf] Psd'i6 /sd eG;f/ dx;'n afktc;'n ul/g]5 M—Pn= ;L=8L=, KnfHdf jf Pn=O{=8L= 6]lnlehgsf] ;fOh -O~rdf_^ dlxgf;Ddljb]zdf a;Lkms]{sfsf] nflu-k|lt O~r¿k}+ofdf_^ dlxgfeGbf a9Lcjlw ljb]zdf a;Lkms]{sfsf] nflu -k|ltO~r ¿k}+ofdf_-s_ @@" ;Dd 200.– 150.–-v_ @#" b]lv @(" ;Dd 300.– 250.–-u_ #)" b]lv #@" ;Dd 450.– 400.–-3_ ##" b]lv #(" ;Dd 550.– 500.–-ª_ $)" b]lv $(" ;Dd 600.– 550.–-r_ %)" / ;f] eGbf dfly 1250.– 1200.–t/ j}b]lzs /f]huf/df uO{ sDtLdf nuftf/afx| dlxgf sfd u/L cfpg] g]kfnL gful/sx¿nfO{ Psk6ssf] nflu clen]vj4 u/L lghx¿n] ;fydf NofPsf]Pp6f h'g;'s} k|sf/sf] aQL; OGr ;Ddsf] l6ledf345


-!%_-!^_nfUg] ;Dk"0f{ s/ dx;'n 5'6 lbOg]5 . ;f] eGbf a9LOGrsf] 6]lnlehg NofPdf pQm 5'6 ;'ljwf lbOg]5}g .k}7f/Lstf{n] g]kfndf ljqmL ul/g] clwstd v'b|f ljqmLd"No k}7f/Ls} cj:yfdf ;DalGwt eG;f/ sfof{nodfclgjfo{ 3f]if0ff ug'{ kg]{ u/L g]kfn ;/sf/n]dfnj:t'x¿ tf]Sg ;Sg]5 .eG;f/ sfof{nojf6 hfFrkf; ePsf dfnj:t'x¿glhssf] ahf/ jfx]s cGoq uGtJo :yfg;Dd l;njGbLsG6]g/af6 9'jfgL ug{ b]xfosf] Joj:yf nfu" x'g]5 M–-s_k'/fgf 6«sx¿nfO{ ljb]z nuL sG6]g/ 6«s jfsG6]g/ /fVg] 6]«n/ 6«s agfO{ lkmtf{ NofPdf;f]df nfu]sf] vr{ /sddf nfUg] eG;f/ dx;'nk"0f{ ¿kdf 5'6 lbOg]5 .-v_ sG6]g/, sG6]g/ 6«s, sG6]g/ af]Sg] 6«]n/ 6«ssf]k}7f/Ldf lgDg adf]lhdsf] Joj:yf nfu" x'g]5 M–-u_-c_sG6]g/, sG6]g/ 6«s / sG6]g/ af]Sg]6]«n/ 6«s k}7f/L ubf{ nfUg] eG;f/dx;'ndf krf; k|ltzt 5'6 lbOg]5 .-cf_ sG6]g/ 6«s jf sG6]g/ af]Sg] 6]«n/ 6«sagfpg k}7f/L x'g] r]l;;x¿sf]k}7f/Ldf lgodfg';f/ nfUg] k'/} eG;f/dx;'n w/f}6Ldf /fvL kl5 sG6]g/ 6«sjf sG6]g/ af]Sg] 6]«n/ 6«s agfO{oftfoft Joj:yf sfof{nodf btf{u/]sf] k|df0f eG;f/ sfof{nodf k]zu/]kl5 plNnlvt 5'6 jfktsf] w/f}6L/sd lkmtf{ ul/g]5 .aGb sG6]g/df nufpg] ;Ln eG;f/ ljefun]tf]s]sf] d"No e'QmfgL u/L ;DalGwt eG;f/sfof{noaf6 k|fKt ug{ ;lsg]5 .-3_ l;njGbL sG6]g/af6 9'jfgL ug{] sfo{ ;Djt\@)&@ sflt{s d;fGt;Dddf nfu" ul/g]5 .346


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@)=;fˆ6f ;Dem}ftf cGtu{t g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;Dj]bgzLn ;"rLdfk/]sf b]xfosf pkzLif{ssf dfnj:t'df cg';"rLsf] bkmf ^ dfplNnlvt 5'6 k|bfg ul/g] 5}g .t/ o; cg';"rLsf cGo bkmfx¿af6 nfUg] eG;f/dx;'n k"0f{ jf cf+lzs 5'6 lbOPsf]df ;f]xL adf]lhd x'g]5 .-!_efu–$;fs{ d'n'sx¿dWo] u}/ sd ljsl;t d'n'sx¿(Non-Least Developed Countries) sf] nflu nfu" x'g];+j]bgzLn dfnj:t'sf] pkzLif{sx¿sf] ;"rLM0402.10 0402.21 0402.29 0402.91 0402.990405.10 0405.20 0405.90efu–&0712.90 0713.10 0713.20 0713.31 0713.32efu–*0801.32 0802.70 0802.80 0802.90 0805.10efu–(0901.11 0901.12 0901.21 0901.22 0901.900902.10 0902.20 0902.30 0902.40 0908.310908.32 0910.91 0910.99efu–!!1107.10 1107.20efu–!%1507.90 1511.90 1512.19 1514.11 1514.191514.91 1514.99 1515.29 1516.20 1517.10efu–!&1701.13 1701.14 1701.91 1701.99 1703.10348


1703.90 1704.10 1704.90efu–!*1806.10 1806.20 1806.31 1806.32 1806.90efu–!(1902.11 1902.19 1902.20 1902.30 1905.101905.20 1905.31 1905.32 1905.40 1905.90efu–@)2007.99 2008.19 2008.93 2008.99 2009.112009.12 2009.19 2009.21 2009.29 2009.312009.39 2009.41 2009.49 2009.50 2009.612009.69 2009.71 2009.79 2009.81 2009.892009.90efu–@!2103.10 2103.20 2103.90 2104.10 2104.202106.10 2106.90efu–@@2201.10 2201.90 2202.10 2202.90 2203.002204.10 2204.21 2204.29 2204.30 2205.102205.90 2206.00 2207.10 2207.20 2208.202208.30 2208.40 2208.50 2208.60 2208.702208.90efu–@$2401.10 2401.20 2401.30 2402.10 2402.202402.90 2403.11 2403.19 2403.91 2403.99efu–@%2515.12 2515.20 2516.12 2516.20 2516.90349


2517.41 2517.49 2523.10 2523.21 2523.292523.30 2523.90efu–@&2710.12 2710.19 2710.20efu–#@3206.11 3206.19 3206.20 3206.41 3206.423206.49 3206.50 3208.10 3208.20 3208.903209.10 3209.90 3210.00efu–##3304.10 3304.20 3304.30 3304.91 3304.993305.10 3305.20 3305.30 3305.90 3307.103307.20 3307.30 3307.49 3307.90efu–#$3401.11 3401.19 3401.20 3401.30 3402.113402.12 3402.13 3402.19 3402.20 3402.903405.10 3405.20 3405.30 3405.40 3405.90efu–#^3605.00efu–#*3814.00 3819.00efu–#(3916.10 3916.20 3916.90 3917.10 3917.213917.22 3917.23 3917.29 3917.31 3917.323917.33 3917.39 3917.40 3918.10 3918.903919.10 3919.90 3920.10 3920.20 3920.303920.43 3920.49 3920.51 3920.59 3920.61350


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4821.10 4821.90efu–$(4909.00 4910.00 4911.10 4911.91 4911.99efu–%@5210.11 5210.19 5210.21 5210.29 5210.315210.32 5210.39 5210.41 5210.49 5210.515210.59 5211.11 5211.12 5211.19 5211.205211.31 5211.32 5211.39 5211.41 5211.425211.43 5211.49 5211.51 5211.52 5211.59efu–%#5310.10 5310.90efu–%$5407.10 5407.20 5407.30 5407.41 5407.425407.43 5407.44 5407.51 5407.52 5407.535407.54 5407.61 5407.69 5407.71 5407.725407.73 5407.74 5407.81 5407.82 5407.835407.84 5407.91 5407.92 5407.93 5407.945408.10 5408.21 5408.22 5408.23 5408.245408.31 5408.32 5408.33 5408.34efu–%%5512.11 5512.19 5512.21 5512.29 5512.915512.99 5513.11 5513.12 5513.13 5513.195513.21 5513.23 5513.29 5513.31 5513.395513.41 5513.49 5514.11 5514.12 5514.195514.21 5514.22 5514.23 5514.29 5514.30352


5514.41 5514.42 5514.43 5514.49 5515.115515.12 5515.13 5515.19 5515.21 5515.225515.29 5515.91 5515.99 5516.11 5516.125516.13 5516.14 5516.21 5516.22 5516.235516.24 5516.31 5516.32 5516.33 5516.345516.41 5516.42 5516.43 5516.44 5516.915516.92 5516.93 5516.94efu–%^5601.21 5601.22 5601.29 5601.30efu–%&5701.10 5701.90 5702.10 5702.20 5702.315702.32 5702.39 5702.41 5702.42 5702.495702.50 5702.91 5702.92 5702.99 5703.105703.20 5703.30 5703.90 5704.10 5704.905705.00efu–%(5903.10 5903.20 5903.90 5904.10 5904.905906.10 5906.91 5906.99efu–^)6001.10 6001.21 6001.22 6001.29 6001.916001.92 6001.99 6002.40 6002.90 6003.106003.20 6003.30 6003.40 6003.90 6004.106004.90 6005.21 6005.22 6005.23 6005.246005.31 6005.32 6005.33 6005.34 6005.416005.42 6005.43 6005.44 6005.90 6006.10353


6006.21 6006.22 6006.23 6006.24 6006.316006.32 6006.33 6006.34 6006.41 6006.426006.43 6006.44 6006.90efu–^!6101.20 6101.30 6101.90 6102.10 6102.206102.30 6102.90 6103.10 6103.22 6103.236103.29 6103.31 6103.32 6103.33 6103.396103.41 6103.42 6103.43 6103.49 6104.136104.19 6104.22 6104.23 6104.29 6104.316104.32 6104.33 6104.39 6104.41 6104.426104.43 6104.44 6104.49 6104.51 6104.526104.53 6104.59 6104.61 6104.62 6104.636104.69 6105.10 6105.20 6105.90 6106.106106.20 6106.90 6107.11 6107.12 6107.196107.21 6107.22 6107.29 6107.91 6107.996108.11 6108.19 6108.21 6108.22 6108.296108.31 6108.32 6108.39 6108.91 6108.926108.99 6109.10 6109.90 6110.11 6110.126110.19 6110.20 6110.30 6110.90 6111.206111.30 6111.90 6112.11 6112.12 6112.196112.20 6112.31 6112.39 6112.41 6112.496113.00 6114.20 6114.30 6114.90 6115.106115.21 6115.22 6115.29 6115.30 6115.946115.95 6115.96 6115.99 6116.10 6116.916116.92 6116.93 6116.99 6117.10 6117.80354


efu–^@6201.11 6201.12 6201.13 6201.19 6201.916201.92 6201.93 6201.99 6202.11 6202.126202.13 6202.19 6202.91 6202.92 6202.936202.99 6203.11 6203.12 6203.19 6203.226203.23 6203.29 6203.31 6203.32 6203.336203.39 6203.41 6203.42 6203.43 6203.496204.11 6204.12 6204.13 6204.19 6204.216204.22 6204.23 6204.29 6204.31 6204.326204.33 6204.39 6204.41 6204.42 6204.436204.44 6204.49 6204.51 6204.52 6204.536204.59 6204.61 6204.62 6204.63 6204.696205.20 6205.30 6205.90 6206.10 6206.206206.30 6206.40 6206.90 6207.11 6207.196207.21 6207.22 6207.29 6207.91 6207.996208.11 6208.19 6208.21 6208.22 6208.296208.91 6208.92 6208.99 6209.20 6209.306209.90 6210.10 6210.20 6210.30 6210.406210.50 6211.11 6211.12 6211.20 6211.326211.33 6211.39 6211.42 6211.43 6211.496212.10 6212.20 6212.30 6212.90 6213.206213.90 6214.10 6214.20 6214.30 6214.406214.90 6215.10 6215.20 6215.90 6216.00efu–^#6301.10 6301.20 6301.30 6301.40 6301.90355


6302.10 6302.21 6302.22 6302.29 6302.316302.32 6302.39 6302.40 6302.51 6302.536302.59 6302.60 6302.91 6302.93 6302.996303.12 6303.19 6303.91 6303.92 6303.996305.10 6305.20 6305.32 6305.33 6305.396305.90 6306.12 6306.19 6306.22 6306.296306.30 6306.40 6306.90efu–^$6401.10 6401.92 6401.99 6402.12 6402.196402.20 6402.91 6402.99 6403.12 6403.196403.20 6403.40 6403.51 6403.59 6403.916403.99 6404.11 6404.19 6404.20 6405.106405.20 6405.90efu–^%6506.10efu–^*6802.10 6802.21 6802.23 6802.29 6802.916802.92 6802.93 6802.99efu–^(6904.10 6904.90 6908.10 6908.90 6910.106910.90 6911.10 6911.90efu–&)7003.12 7003.19 7003.20 7003.30 7004.207004.90 7005.10 7005.21 7005.29 7005.307006.00 7007.11 7007.19 7007.21 7007.29356


7008.00 7009.10 7009.91 7009.92 7013.107013.22 7013.28 7013.33 7013.37 7013.417013.42 7013.49 7013.91 7013.99 7020.00efu–&@7210.20 7210.30 7210.41 7210.49 7210.507210.61 7210.69 7210.70 7210.90 7212.<strong>2072</strong>12.30 7212.40 7212.50 7212.60 7213.107213.20 7213.91 7213.99 7214.10 7214.<strong>2072</strong>14.30 7214.91 7214.99 7215.10 7215.507215.90efu–&#7304.11 7304.19 7304.22 7304.23 7304.247304.29 7304.31 7304.39 7304.41 7304.497304.51 7304.59 7304.90 7305.11 7305.127305.19 7305.20 7305.31 7305.39 7305.907306.11 7306.19 7306.21 7306.29 7306.307306.40 7306.50 7306.61 7306.69 7306.907308.10 7308.20 7308.30 7308.40 7308.907313.00efu–*)8007.00efu–*#8302.10 8302.20 8302.30 8302.41 8302.428302.49 8302.50 8302.60 8309.10efu–*$8415.10 8415.20 8415.81 8415.82 8415.83357


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-@_efu–(^9603.21 9608.10 9619.00efu–(&9702.00 9703.00 9705.00efu–&@;fs{ d'n'sx¿dWo] sd ljsl;t d'n'sx¿ (LeastDeveloped Countries) sf] lgldQ nfu" x'g] ;+j]bgzLndfnj:t'sf] pkzLif{sx¿sf] ;"rL M–b]xfosf pkzLif{sx¿ afx]ssf pkbkmf -!_ dfplNnlvt cGo pkzLif{sx¿ M–721310 721320 721391 721399efu–&#730411 730419 730422 730423 730424730429 730431 730439 730441 730449730451 730459 730490 730511 730512730519 730520 730531 730539 730590730810 730820 730830 730840 730890efu–*#830210 830220 830230 830241 830242830249 830250 830260efu–*$845190@!= b]xfosf pkzLif{sx¿df plNnlvt dfnj:t'x¿ bkmf & adf]lhdk}7f/L u/]df ;f]xL bkmfdf plNnlvt b/ cg';f/ eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]5M–efu –!0104.20 0105.94 0105.99359


efu –@0204.10 0204.21 0204.22 0204.23 0204.300204.41 0204.42 0204.43 0204.50 0207.110207.12 0207.13 0207.14 0207.24 0207.250207.26 0207.27 0207.41 0207.42 0207.430207.44 0207.45 0207.51 0207.52 0207.530207.54 0207.55 0207.60efu –#0301.11 0301.19 0301.91 0301.92 0301.930301.94 0301.95 0301.99 0302.11 0302.410302.42 0302.43 0302.44 0302.45 0302.460302.47 0302.51 0302.52 0302.53 0302.540302.55 0302.56 0302.59 0302.71 0302.720302.73 0302.74 0302.79 0302.82 0302.830302.84 0302.85 0302.89 0302.90 0303.140303.26 0303.31 0303.33 0303.34 0303.390303.90 0304.31 0304.32 0304.33 0304.390304.41 0304.42 0304.43 0304.44 0304.450304.46 0304.49 0304.51 0304.52 0304.530304.54 0304.55 0304.59 0304.61 0304.620304.63 0304.69 0304.71 0304.72 0304.730304.74 0304.75 0304.79 0304.81 0304.820304.83 0304.84 0304.85 0304.86 0304.870304.89 0304.91 0304.92 0304.93 0304.940304.95 0304.99 0305.10 0305.20 0305.310305.32 0305.39 0305.42 0305.43 0305.44360


0305.49 0305.51 0305.59 0305.61 0305.620305.63 0305.64 0305.69 0305.71 0305.720305.79efu –$0401.10 0401.20 0401.40 0401.50 0403.100403.90 0404.10 0404.90 0406.10 0406.200406.30 0406.40 0406.90 0407.11 0407.190407.21 0407.29 0407.90 0409.00efu –^0603.11 0603.12 0603.13 0603.14 0603.150603.19 0603.90efu –&0701.10 0701.90 0702.00 0703.10 0703.200703.90 0704.10 0704.20 0704.90 0706.100706.90 0707.00 0708.10 0708.20 0708.900709.20 0709.30 0709.40 0709.51 0709.590709.60 0709.70 0709.91 0709.92 0709.930709.99 0710.10 0710.21 0710.22 0710.290710.30 0710.80 0710.90 0711.40 0711.510711.59 0711.90 0712.20 0712.31 0712.320712.39 0713.33 0713.34 0713.35 0713.390713.40 0713.50 0713.60 0713.90efu –*0801.31 0802.11 0802.12 0802.31 0802.320802.41 0802.42 0802.61 0802.62 0803.100803.90 0804.30 0804.40 0804.50 0805.20361


0805.40 0805.50 0805.90 0807.11 0807.190807.20 0808.10 0808.30 0808.40 0809.300809.40 0810.10 0810.30 0810.70 0810.900811.10 0811.90 0813.10 0813.20 0813.300813.40 0813.50efu –(0910.11 0910.12 0910.30efu –!)1001.91 1001.99 1005.10 1005.90 1006.101006.20 1006.30 1006.40efu –!!1101.00 1102.20 1102.90 1103.11 1103.131103.19 1103.20 1104.12 1104.19 1104.221104.23 1104.29 1104.30 1105.10 1105.201106.10 1106.20 1106.30efu –!@1201.10 1201.90 1202.30 1202.41 1202.421204.00 1205.10 1205.90 1206.00 1207.101207.30 1207.40 1207.50 1207.60 1207.701207.99 1212.91 1212.92 1212.93 1212.941212.99efu –!%1507.10 1512.11 1512.21 1512.29 1515.211515.50 1515.90efu –@)2001.10 2001.90 2002.10 2002.90 2003.10362


2003.90 2004.10 2004.90 2005.10 2005.202005.40 2005.51 2005.59 2005.80 2005.912005.99 2006.00 2007.10 2007.91 2008.112008.20 2008.30 2008.40 2008.70 2008.912008.97efu –@!2103.30efu –@&2711.11 2711.12 2711.13 2711.14 2711.192711.21 2711.29efu –#)3003.10 3003.20 3003.40 3003.90 3004.103004.20 3004.32 3004.40 3004.50 3004.90efu –#(3923.40efu –^#6310.10 6310.90363


cg';"rL–@-bkmf @ sf] pkbkmf -@_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_!= g]kfnaf6 ljb]zdf lgsf;L x'g] dfnj:t'df b]xfo adf]lhdlgsf;L eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]5 . o; bkmfdf pNn]v ePsf afx]scGo dfnj:t'df lgsf;L eG;f/ dx;'n nfUg]5}g .zLif{s pkzLif{s dfnj:t'sf] ljj/0f364lgsf;L eG;f/dx;'n b/cGoyf pNn]vePsf]df afx]sdf]n k|ltztdf07.13 sf];f 5f]8fPsf] ;'Vvf sf];] t/sf/L,af]qmf 5f]8fPsf] jf g5f]8fPsf] jfbn]sf] jf gbn]sf] .0713.40.00 –d';'/f] bfn k|=s]=lh=?=!.–10.01 ux'+ / d];lng .–b'?d ux'+M1001.11.00 ––aLpm k|=s]=lh=?=!.–1001.19.00 ––cGo k|=s]=lh=?=!.––cGo M1001.91.00 ––aLpm k|=s]=lh=?=!.–1001.99.00 ––cGo k|=s]=lh=?=!.–10.05 ds}+ .1005.10.00 –aLpm -u]8f_ k|=s]=lh=?=!.–1005.90.00 –cGo k|=s]=lh=?=!.–10.06 wfg .1006.10.00 –wfg k|=s]=lh=?=!.–


1006.20.00 –s'6]sf] -t/ /fd|f] gkmn]sf]_ k|=s]=lh=?=!.–1006.30.00 –kfln; jf rDsg] u/]sf] jf gu/]sf] k|=s]=lh=s'6]/ tof/ u/]sf] rfdn?=!.–1006.40.00 slgsf k|=s]=lh=?=!.–10.08 kmfk/, sf]bf], r/fsf] cfxf/fÙ c?vfBfGg .1008.10.00 –kmfk/ k|=s]=lh=?=!.––sf]bf]M1008.21.00 ––aLpm k|=s]=lh=?=!.–1008.29.00 ––cGo k|=s]=lh=?=!.–12.11 d'VotM ;'ulGwt j:t' agfpg], cf}ifwLagfpg] jf sL6gfifs cf}ifwL agfpg]jf o:t} k|of]hgsf nflu k|of]u x'g]vfnsf], tfhf, ;'s]sf], sfl6Psf] jfgsfl6Psf], lk+w]sf] jf glk+w]sf] jfw"nf] kfl/Psf] jf gkfl/Psf] lj?jf /lj?jfsf cËx¿ -aLof+ / kmn;d]t_ .–cGoM1211.90.10 ––ofrf{u'Djf k|=s]=lh=?=%))).–1211.90.90 ––cGo k|=s]=lh=?=!.–14.04 cGoq gk/]sf] jg:klt pTkfbg .1404.90.11 ––cw{ tof/L vo/sTyf -sTyf /;_ k|=s]=lh=?=&.–1404.90.12 ––vo/ sTyf k|=s]=lh?=%.–1404.90.15 ––?b|fIfsf bfgfx? k|=s]=lh?=!.–1404.90.16 ––cu]{lnsf] jf]qmf k|=s]=lh?=!.–365


1404.90.17 ––l/Ýf -;f]kg6_ k|=s]=lh?=!.–1404.90.90 ––cGo k|=s]=lh?=%.–21.06 cGoq gk/]sf] vfB kbfy{ .–cGo M2106.90.20 –– kfg d;nf -;'tL{ /lxt_ k|=s]=lh?=$).–2106.90.70 –– ;'tL{ /lxt ;'ulGwt ;'kf/L k|=s]=lh?=@%.–23.02 vfBfGg jf bnxgsf] jf]6af6 lgkmg]/jf lk+w]/ jf c? k|lqmofåf/f pknAwx'g] k]n]6sf] ?kdf /x]sf] jf g/x]sf]9'6f] cfpg] rf]s/ / cGo cjz]if .2302.10.00 –ds}sf] k|=s]=lh?=–.%)2302.30.00 –ux'Fsf] k|=s]=lh?=–.%)2302.40.00 –cGo vfBfGgsf] k|=s]=lh?=–.%)2302.50.00 –sf];] ;fukftx¿sf] k|=s]=lh?=–.%)23.04 2304.00.00 e6df;sf] t]n lgsfNbf k|fKt x'g]lkgf / cGo 7f]; cjz]if, lk+w]sf] jfglk+w]sf] jf k]n]6sf] ?kdf ePsf] jfgePsf] .23.05 2305.00.00 abfdsf] t]n k]Nbf lg:s]sf], lk+w]sf] jfglk+w]sf], k]n]6sf] ?kdf ePsf] jfgePsf] lkgf / cGo 7f]; cjz]if .366k|=s]=lh?=–.%)k|=s]=lh?=–.%)23.06 jg:kltsf] jf];f] jf t]n lgsfNbfk|fKt x'g] zLif{s @#=)$ jf @#=)% dfk/]sf] afx]s lk+w]sf] jf glk+w]sf],k]n]6sf] ?kdf ePsf] jf gePsf] lkgf/ cGo 7f]; cjz]if .2306.20.00 –cfn;sf] aLofFsf] k|=s]=lh?=!.––tf]/L jf /fof] -/]k cf}/ sf]Nhf_ bfgf M


2306.41.00 ––Go"g O?l;s cDn tf]/L jf /fof] -/]kc/ sf]Nhf_ bfgfx¿ -l;8\;_367k|=s]=lh?=.%)2306.90.00 –cGo k|=s]=lh?=!.–24.03 cGo pTkfbgdf k|of]u ePsf] ;"lt{ /k|lt:yfks ;"lt{Ù ;d?kL-xf]df]lhgfOH8_ jf k'glg{ld{t-l/slG:6r"P6]8_ ;"lt{Ù ;"lt{sf] /; /;f/ .––cGoM2403.99.10 –––hbf{, v}gL, g; -:gkm_, u'6\vf / k|=s]=lho:t} ;"tL{ ldl>t tof/L j:t'x? ?=%).–2403.99.90 –––cGo k|=s]=lh?=%).–25.05 efu @^ sf] d]6nljol/Ë -wft'o'Qm_afn'jf afx]s /ËLg jf /ËxLg ;j}k|sf/sf] k|fs[lts afn'jf .2505.10.00 l;lnsf afn'jf / Sjfh{ k|=3=ld=?=!,@)).–2505.90.00 cGo afn'jf k|=3=ld=?=!,@)).–25.14 2514.00.00 cln cln 6'qmfPsf] jf g6'qmfPsf] jfs/f}+]ltåf/f sf6]sf] jf gsf6]sf] jf c?lsl;dn] sf6]sf] rf/kf6] -juf{sf/;d]t_ l9Ssf jf kftf, :n]6 .25.16 s/f}+]ltåf/f jf cGo lsl;dn] cln clntfl5Psf], sfl6Psf] jf 6'qmfOPsf]rf/kf6] -juf{sf/ ;d]t_ l9Ssf jfkftfsf] ?kdf /x]sf] u|]gfO6 -s8fkTy/_, kkmf{O/L, /]zf gePsf] cfUg]or§fg, j];fN6, jnf}6] 9'+uf / :df/sPj+ ejg agfpg] cGo 9'+uf .–anf}6 9'+ufM2516.20.10 ––6'q\mofOPsf jf g6'q\mofOPsf lu§L /af6'lnPsf 9'Ëfx¿ -k]jN;_, @=%O~r;Ddsf2516.20.20 ––6'q\mofOPsf jf g6'q\mofOPsf @=%O~reGbf a9Lsf 9'Ëfx¿k|=3=ld=?=!,@)).–k|=3=ld=?=^)).–k|=3=ld=?=!,@)).–


2516.20.30 ––6'q\mofOPsf jf g6'q\mofOPsf9'Ëfx¿ / afn'jfsf] ld>0f, 5/f{25.17 ;fwf/0ftof s+lqm6 hf]8\bf, ;8sdf9'+ufsf 6'qmf cf]5\ofpFbf jf /]Nj] /cGo o:t} 7fp+df b[9 agfpg af]´sf]?kdf nufpg k|of]u ul/g] tflkt jfctflkt lu§L / 6'qmfOPsf jflk+lwPsf 9'+ufx¿Ù af6'lnPsf kTy/-l;+un_, clUgk|:t/ / of] zLif{ssf]klxnf] efudf pNn]v ePsf j:t'x¿ePsf] jf gePsf] :Nofu -wft'cjz]if_, 8«; / o:t} cf}Bf]luscjz]ifÙ cnsqfo'Qm d]sf8d -/f]8f_Ùtflkt jf ctflkt zLif{s @%=!% jf@%=!^ sf kTy/sf bfgf, 6'qmf6'qmL /w"nf] .–;fwf/0ftof s+lqm6 hf]8\bf, ;8sdf9'+uf cf]5\ofpFbf jf /]Nj] / o:t} 7fp+dfb[9 agfpg af]´ nufpg] sfddfk|of]u ul/g] tflkt jf ctflkt lu§L /6'qmfOPsf jf lk+lwPsf 9'+ufx¿,af6'lnPsf k|:t/, clUgk|:t/ -lˆn06_M2517.10.10 ––6'q\mofOPsf jf g6'q\mofOPsf lu§L /af6'lnPsf 9'Ëfx¿ -k]jN;_,@=%O~r;Ddsf2517.10.20 ––6'q\mofOPsf jf g6'q\mofOPsf @=%O~reGbf a9Lsf 9'Ëfx¿2517.10.30 ––6'q\mofOPsf jf g6'q\mofOPsf9'Ëfx¿ / afn'jfsf] ld>0f, 5/f{–pk zLif{s @%!&=!) df plNnlvtj:t' ;dfj]z eP jf gePsf 8«; /:Nofu -wft'sf cjz]if_ sf jf o:t}cf}Bf]lus cjz]ifsf d]sf8d -/f]8f_M2517.20.10 ––6'q\mofOPsf jf g6'q\mofOPsf lu§L /af6'lnPsf 9'Ëfx¿ -k]jN;_, @=%O~r;Ddsf2517.20.20 ––6'q\mofOPsf jf g6'q\mofOPsf @=%O~reGbf a9Lsf 9'Ëfx¿k|=3=ld=?=!,@)).–k|=3=ld=?=^)).–k|=3=ld=?=!,@)).–k|=3=ld=?=!,@)).–k|=3=ld=?=^)).–k|=3=ld=?=!,@)).–368


–zLif{s @%=!% jf @%=!^ sf] tflktjf ctflkt bfgf -u]|g'cn_, 6'qmf6fqmL-lrlkË_ / w'nf] -kfp8/_ M2517.49.10 ––9'Ëfsf] w"nf] -qm;/ pBf]uaf6pTkflbt_k|=3=ld=?=^)).–2517.49.90 ––cGo -qm;/ pBf]uaf6 pTkflbt_ k|=3=ld=?=^)).–25.19 k|fs[lts DofUg]l;od sfjf]{g]6-DofUg];fO6_Ù uflnPsf DofUg]l;ofÙk"0f{?kn] ablnPsf] -8]8jg{ jf l;G68{_DofUg]l;of, afNg'eGbf klxn] yf]/}dfqfdf cGo cS;fO8x¿ ldnfOPsf]jf gldnfOPsf]Ù cGo DofUg]l;odcS;fO8, z'4 jf cz'4 .2519.10.00 –k|fs[lts DofUg]l;od sfjf]{g]6-DofUg];fO6_k|=3=ld=?=^)).–2519.90.00 –cGo k|=3=ld=?=^)).–25.26 s/f}+ltåf/f jf cGo k|sf/n] cln cln6'qmfOPsf] jf g6'qmfOPsf], tfl5Psf]jf gtfl5Psf] rf/kf6] -auf{sf/;d]t_ l9Ssf jf kftf ;d]t /k|fs[lts l:6o6fO6 -;fj'g 9'+uf_Ù6fNs -v/L_ .2526.10.00 –glkw]sf] w"nf] gagfPsf] k|=s]=lh?=!.%)44.01 afNg] bfp/f, d'9f, lr/]sf] df]6f]6'qmf -lan]6_, xf+uf la+uf jf bfp/fsf]afw]sf] la6f], jf o:t} ?kdfÙ sf7sfrf]O6frf]O6L jf dl;gf 6'qmf6fqmL-kfl6{sn_Ù sf7 lr/]sf] w"nf], sf7sf]cjz]if, /2L j:t', d'9f], la|s]6-lyr]/ agfOPsf] rSsf_, k]n]6d6\ofË|f_ jf o:t} ?kdf Pslqtul/Psf] jf gul/Psf] .4401.10.00 –afNg] bfp/f, d'9f, lr/]sf] df]6f] 6'qmf-lan]6_, xf+uf lauf+, bfp/fsf] la6f] jfo:t} ?kdf@))Ü369


–sf7sf] rf]O6f rf]O6L jf dl;gf6'qmf6fqmL kfl6{sn_M4401.21.00 ––b]jbf/ hfltsf -sf]lgk]m/;_ @))Ü4401.22.00 ––b]jbf/ hflt afx]ssf-gg\sf]lgk]m]/;_@))Ü4401.30.00 –cf/fn] sf6\bf lg:s]sf] sf7sf] w"nf],sf7sf] cjz]if / /2L j:t', d'9f,rSsf -la|s]6_, d6\ofË|f -lkn]6\;_ jfo:t} ?kdf Pslqt ul/Psf] jfgul/Psf]@))Ü44.03 af]qmf jf sf7sf] aflx/L g/d efutf5]sf] jf gtf5]sf] jf df]6f df]6L9+un] rf/kf6] kf/]sf] ckl/dflh{tsf7 .4403.10.00 –/Ën]k -k]G6_ j0f{s /Ë -:6]g_,lqmcf];f]6 jf cGo ;+/lIft -lk|he]{l6e_x¿åf/f pkrf/ ul/Psf]@))Ü4403.20.00 –cGo b]jbf/ hfltsf] @))Ü–cGo, o; efusf] pkzLif{s b|i6Jo !df pNn]v ePsf pi0fk|b]zLo-6«lksn_ sf7sf]M4403.41.00 ––uf9f /ftf] d]/fGtL, xn'sf /ftf]d]/fGtL / d]/fGtL asfp@))Ü4403.49.00 ––cGo @))Ü–cGo M4403.91.00 ––cf]ssf] @))Ü4403.92.00 ––aLrsf] @))Ü4403.99.00 ––cGo @))Ü370


44.04 x'ksf] sf7Ù sf7sf] lr/]sf] vf+jf-kf]n_Ù ltvf/]sf] t/ nDafOdfglr/]sf] sf7sf] 3f]rf-kfOn_, lsnf]-lks]6_ / Psfkl§ ltvfl/Psf] 3f]rf]-:6]s_Ù ;fwf/0f?kn] sf+65f+6 u/]sf]t/ gbf]Ao«fPsf], ga+UofPsf], c?yf]sgagfPsf] 6]Sg] n7[L, 5ftfsf] 808L,cf}hf/sf] 808L jf To:t} ;fdfgagfpg pko'Qm x'g] vfnsf] sf7sf]58L, rf]O6frf]O6L sf7 -lrkp8_ /o:t} .4404.10.00 –b]jbf/ hfltsf] -sf]lgk]m/;_ @))Ü4404.20.00 –b]jbf/ hfltsf] afx]s -gg\sf]lgk]m/;_ @))Ü44.05 4405.00.00 sf7sf] pmgÙ sf7sf] lk7f] . @))Ü44.06 /]n jf 6«fdsf] sf7sf k6/Lx¿-l:nk/_ -qm;–6fOh_ .4406.10.00 –;+l;Qm gul/Psf -g6 OlDk|Ug]6]8\_ @))Ü4406.90.00 –cGo @))Ü44.07 nDafOdf lr/]sf] jf sf6]sf] -lrK8_,tf5]sf] -:nfO:8_ jf af]qmf x6fPsf]-lkN8_ /08f nufPsf] jf gnufPsf],ck3if{s nufO{ lrNofPsf] jfglrNofPsf] jf 5]pdf hf]8 -OG8HjfOG6]8_ ul/Psf] jf gul/Psf] ^Pd=Pd= eGbf a9L df]6fOsf] sf7 .4407.10.00 –b]jbf/ hfltsf] @))Ü–o; efusf] pkzLif{s b|i6Jo ! dfplNnlvt pi0f k|b]zLo -6«lksn_sf7sf]M4407.21.00 ––dxf]ugL :jL6]lgof -P;kLkL_ @))Ü4407.22.00 ––le/f]nf, ODa'Oof / jfN;f @))Ü4407.25.00 ––uf9f /ftf] d]/fGtL, xn'sf /ftf]d]/fGtL / d]/fGtL asfp@))Ü4407.26.00 ––;]tf] nf}cfg, ;]tf] d]/fGtL, ;]tf];]/fof, kx]+nf] d]/fGtL / Pnfg @))Ü4407.29.00 ––cGo @))Ü371


–cGoM4407.91.00 ––cf]ssf] @))Ü4407.92.00 ––aLrsf] @))Ü4407.99.00 ––cGo @))Ü44.08 k[i7fj/0f jf aflx/L kq r9fpg]-e]lgol/Ë_ lgldQsf rfb/ -lz6\;_x¿ -k6lnt sfi7 -Nofldg]6]8\ p8_tf5]/ -:nfOl;ª\_ k|fKt x'g] j:t'@=;d]t_, KnfOp8 -:t/ sfi7_ jfo:t} k6lnt sfi7 lgldQsf rfb/x¿-lz6\;_ tyf /08f -Kn]g_ nufPsf] jfgnufPsf] ck3if{s nufPsf] jfgnufPsf], b'O{ 6'Kkf hf]l8Psf-:nfO:8_ jf ghf]l8Psf] jf 5]psf]hf]8 -P08 HjfO06]8\_ ul/Psf] jfgul/Psf], ^ ld= ld df ga9\g] df]6fO{-lysg];_ ePsf cGo sf7 .4408.10.00 –b]jbf/ hfltsf] k|lt lsnf]?=^.––o; efusf] pkzLif{s b|i6Jo ! dfpNn]v ePsf pi0f k|b]zLo sf7sf]M4408.31.00 ––uf9f /ftf] d]/fGtL, xn'sf /ftf]d]/fGtL / d]/fGtL asfpk|lt lsnf]?=^.–4408.39.00 ––cGo k|lt lsnf]?=^.–4408.90.00 –cGo k|lt lsnf]?=^.–lgsf;L x'g] dfnj:t'sf] juL{s/0fsf nflu eG;f/ sfof{nox¿n]cg';"rL–! sf] kl/R5]b ! b]lv @! ;Dd kg]{ efu ! b]lv (&;Dddf plNnlvt pkzLif{ssf] k|of]u ug'{ kg]{5 .#= lhNnf jg sfof{nosf] Ohfht lnO{ pBf]un] w"k jf xjgdf k|of]ux'g] u/L ;Nnfaf6 agfPsf] ;–;fgf 6'qmfx¿ (Chips) -pkzLif{s$$)!=#)=))_ lgsf;L ubf{ bz k|ltztdfq eG;f/ dx;'nnfUg]5 .372


cg';"rL –#;8s lgdf{0f tyf ;Def/ b:t'/ / ;jf/L ;fwg s/-s_;8s lgdf{0f tyf ;Def/ b:t'/!= b]xfosf ;jf/L ;fwg btf{sf avt b]xfo adf]lhsf] ;8s lgdf{0ftyf ;Def/ b:t'/ nfUg]5 M–;jf/L ;fwgsf] lsl;d-s_ sf/, hLk, Eofg, dfOqmf]a;, a;,6«s, l6«k/, 6«sldS;r/, ldgLa;,ldgL6«s, ldgLl6k/,-v_ df]6/;fOsn k|lt yfg M-c_ !@% l;=l;= ;Ddsf]b:t'/d"Nosf] kfFr k|ltzt?= &,))).–-cf_ !@^ b]lv @%) l;=l;= ;Ddsf] ?= *,))).–-O_ @%! b]lv $)) l;=l;= ;Ddsf] ?= !),))).–-O{_ $)! l;=l;= / ;f]b]lv dfly ?= !%,))).–h'g;'s} k|lqmofaf6 z'? btf{ x'g cfpg] ;jf/L ;fwgnfO{ pko'{Qmcg';f/ g} b:t'/ nfUg]5 .t/,-!_ s'6gLlts lgof]u tyf s'6gLlts ;'ljwf k|fKt JolQm, bdsn,PDa'n]G; / zj afxgnfO{ o:tf] b:t'/ nfUg] 5}g .-@_ rfnL; jf ;f]eGbf a9L ;L6 Ifdtfsf sDtLdf kfFr j6fa;x? ;fj{hlgs oftfoftdf ;~rfng ug]{ u/L btf{ePsf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx? tyf sDkgLx?n] plNnlvtk|of]hgsf] nflu k}7f/L ug]{ pQm Ifdtfsf tof/L a; Pj+ltgsf r]l;;x?df o:tf] b:t'/ nfUg] 5}g .:ki6Ls/0f M-!_ o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æd"NoÆ eGgfn] cfGtl/s v/Lbsf]xsdf d"No clej[l4 s/ ;lxtsf] lahs d"No / k}7f/Lsf] xsdfeG;f/ dx;'n, cGtMz'Ns, d"No clej[l4 s/ tyf eG;f/ laGb'dfnfUg] ;a} k|sf/sf b:t'/ / z'Ns ;dfj]z ePsf] d"No ;Demg' k5{ .-@_ æh'g;'s} k|lqmofaf6Æ eGgfn] lnnfd, hkmt, x:tfGt/0f / v/Lbjf laqmLaf6 btf{ x'g cfpg] ;jf/L ;fwgnfO{ hgfpF5 .373


-v_ ;jf/L ;fwg s/!= lghL ;jf/L ;fwgdf b]xfo adf]lhd ;jf/L ;fwg s/ nfUg]5 M–;jf/Lsf] lsl;d-s_ sf/, lhk, Eofg, dfOqmf] a; jflif{s s/ b/-c_ !))) ;L=;L ;Dd ?= !*,))).–-cf_ !))! b]lv !%)) ;L=;L ;Dd-O_ !%)! ;L=;L= b]lv @))) ;L=;L=;Dd-O{_ @))! ;L=;L= b]lv @%)) ;L=;L=;Dd-p_ @%)! ;L=;L= b]lv @()) ;L=;L=;Dd?= @),))).–?= @@,))).–?= #),))).–?= #%,))).–-pm_ @()! ;L=;L= b]lv dfly ;a} ?= %),))).–-v_ 8f]h/, PS;fe]6/, nf]8/, /f]n/, l6«k/, qm]g h:tf d]lzg/Lpks/0f / ldgLl6k/-c_ 8f]h/, PS;fe]6/, nf]8/, /f]n/, ?= #),))).–l6«k/, qm]g h:tf d]lzg/L pks/0f-cf_ ldgLl6k/-u_ c6f] l/S;f, y|L x\jLn/, 6]Dkf], 6«]S6/ / kfj/ l6n/?= @),))).–-c_ c6f] l/S;f, y|L x\jLn/ / 6]Dkf] ?=%,))).–-cf_ 6«]S6/ ?=#,))).–-O{_ kfj/ l6n/?=@,%)).–-3_ ldlg6«s÷ldlga; ?=!*,))).–-ª_ 6«s÷a;-r_ df]6/ ;fOsn-c_ !@% ;L=;L= ;Ddsf]?=@&,))).–?=@,%)).–-cf_ !@^ b]lv @%) ;L=;L= ;Dd ?=$,))).–-O_ @%! b]lv $)) ;L=;L= ;Dd?=^,))).–374


-O{_ $)! ;L=;L= / ;f] b]lv dfly ?=!),))).–@= ef8fdf btf{ ePsf ;jf/L ;fwgdf b]xfo adf]lhd ;jf/L ;fwgs/ nfUg]5 M–;jf/Lsf] lsl;d-s_ sf/, lhk, Eofg, dfOqmf] a; jflif{s s/ b/-c_ !#)) ;L=;L=;Dd?=^,))).–-cf_ !#)! ;L=;L= b]lv @))) ;L=;L=;Dd-O_ @))! ;L=;L=b]lv @());L=;L=;Dd-O{_ @()! ;L= ;L= b]lv $))) ;L=;L=;Dd?=&,))).–?=*,%)).–?=!!,))).–-p_ $))! ;L=;L= / ;f]eGbf dfly ;a} ?=!#,))).–-v_ 8f]h/, PS;fe]6/, nf]8/, /f]n/, l6«k/,qm]g h:tf d]lzg/L pks/0f?=!$,))).–-u_ c6f]l/S;f, y|L x\jLn/, 6]Dkf], OGwgsf] k|sf/ cg';f/ jflif{s s/ b/-c_ c6f] l/S;f, y|L x\jLn/ / 6]Dkf] ?=#,%)).–-cf_ 6«]S6/ ?=@,))).–-O{_ kfj/ l6n/ ?=!,%)).–-3_ ldgL6«s, ldgLa; ?=!),))).–-ª_ 6«s, a;?=!@,))).–#= tk;Lndf pNn]v ePsf ;jf/L ;fwgx?nfO{ ef8fdf btf{ePsf ;jf/L ;fwgdf nfUg] ;/x s/ nfUg] 5 M–-s_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gfpFdf btf{ ePsf,-v_ d'gfkmf ug]{ p2]Zo gePsf] g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[ltk|fKt ;fdflhs, wfld{s jf lzIf0f ;+:yfsf gfpFdf btf{375


ePsf,-u_ ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt, gu/kflnsf / lhNnf ljsf;;ldltsf] gfpFdf btf{ ePsf .$= ljB'tLo dfWodåf/f ;~rflnt ;jf/L ;fwgdf ;jf/L ;fwgs/ nfUg] 5}g . k]6«f]lnod kbfy{ afx]s cGo OGwgåf/f;~rfng x'g] ;jf/L ;fwgdf dfly bkmf ! / @ adf]lhd nfUg];jf/L ;fwg s/df aL; k|ltzt 5'6 x'g]5 .%= z'? k}7f/L ldltn] Ps jif{eGbf sd cjlw ePdf bfdf;fxLn];jf/L ;fwg s/ s§f ul/g]5 . t/ Jofkf/ df}Hbftdf /x]sf;jf/L ;fwgdf o:tf] s/ nfUg] 5}g .^= ;jf/L ;fwg lau|]sf] jf cGo s'g} sf/0faf6 ;f] ;jf/L ;fwgrnfpg gkfPsf] egL g]kfn ;/sf/n] 7x¥ofPsf] s'g} JolQm jf;+:yfsf] gfddf btf{ ePsf] ;jf/L ;fwgnfO{ ;jf/L ;fwg s/nfUg] 5}g .&= sf7df8f}+ pkTosfdf ;~rfng ePsf pTkfbgsf ldltn] kGw|jif{eGbf k'/fgf ;jf/L ;fwgx¿nfO{ nfUg] ;jf/L ;fwg s/dfkGw| jif{eGbf a9Lsf] k|To]s jif{sf nflu kfFr k|ltztsf b/n]yk u/L ;jf/L ;fwg s/ nfUg]5 . t/ o:tf] yk ul/Psf]/sd ;jf/L ;fwgsf] nflu tf]lsPsf] s/ /sdeGbf a9L x'g]5}g .*= ef8fsf a;, ldgLa; tyf dfOqmf]a;sf ;jf/L ;fwgn]ljBfyL{nfO{ ;x'lnotsf] ?kdf ef8fdf 5'6 lbPafkt To:tf;jf/L ;fwgsf wgLn] ltg'{ kg]{ ;jf/L ;fwg s/df ;f7Lk|ltzt 5'6 kfpg]5g\ .(= h'g;'s} ;jf/L ;fwgsf wgLn] rfx]df nfUg] ;jf/L ;fwg s/k|rlnt b/sf cfwf/df Psd'i7 ?kdf kfFr jif{;Ddsf nfluPs}k6s e'QmfgL u/L gljs/0f u/fpg ;Sg]5g\ . o;/L clu|d?kdf kfFr aif{sf] ;jf/L ;fwg s/ Psd'i6 a'emfO{ gljs/0fu/fPdf nfUg] ;jf/L ;fwg s/df b; k|ltzt 5'6 x'g]5 .!)= ;fj{hlgs ;+u|xfnodf k|bz{gLsf nflu /flvPsf aL; jif{eGbfk'/fgf ;jf/L ;fwgnfO{ jflif{s ltg'{kg]{ ;jf/L ;fwg s/ nfUg]5}g .!!= bkmf ! / @ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg bdsn,PDa'n]G; tyf ;j jxfgnfO{ ;jf/L ;fwg s/ nfUg] 5}g .376


!@= ljB't, ;f]nf/ jf Jofl6«af6 rNg] ;jf/L ;fwgdf ;8s lgdf{0ftyf ;+ef/ b:t'/ krf; k|ltzt 5'6 x'g]5 .!#= aL; nfv ?k}ofFeGbf a9Lsf] ;jf/L ;fwg v/Lb ubf{ ;DalGwt;jf/L ;fwg qm]tfn] PsfpG6 k]oL r]s -Account PayeeCheque_ af6 dfq laqm]tfnfO{ /sd e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{5 .!$= o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ckfËtfePsf JolQmn] k|of]u ug{ ldNg] u/L agfO{sf !%) ;L=;L=;Ddsf :s"6/df ;jf/L ;fwg s/ / ;8s lgdf{0f tyf ;+ef/b:t'/ nfUg] 5}g .!%= g]kfndf xfn ;~rfngdf /x]sf k'/fgf 6«snfO{ g]kfndf g} aGbsG6]g/sf] ?kdf ?kfGt/0f ug{ lgj]bg lbg] ;jf/L ;fwgsfwgLnfO{ lghn] a'Efmfpg' kg]{ ;jf/L ;fwg s/ jfkt krf;xhf/ ?k}ofF jf rf/ jif{sf] ;jf/L ;fwg s/ jfkt x'g cfpg]/sddWo] h'g 36L x'G5 ;f] a/fa/sf] /sd 5'6 lbOg]5 .t/ o:tf] 5'6 ;'ljwf bz jif{ eGbf k'/fgf 6«sx?nfO{ lbOg]5}g .377


cg';"rL–$/lhi6«]zg b:t'/, ;]jf z'Ns / 3/hUuf /f]Ssf b:t'/s= 3/ hUuf /lhi6«]zg b:t'/ Ml;=g+=lnvtsf] k|sf//lhi6«]zg b:t'/sf] b/ cGoyf pNn]v ePsf]df afx]sy}nL cÍdfufpF ljsf;j]Onfsfgu/kflnsfb'j} If]qsf];ldltyk b:t'/If]qsf] b:t'/b:t'/If]qsf] b:t'/y}nL cÍdf/flhgfdf, ;§fk§f /;uf]ngfdfsf] lnvtdf-s_ ?= !,)),))).– ;Ddsf]y}nL cÍdf @Ü !Ü –-v_ ?=!,)),))).– eGbfa9L hlt;'s} y}nLcÍdf:ki6Ls/0f M t/ o;}!=cg';"rLsf] ljljw v08sf]qmd;+Vof !% df plNnlvtufpF ljsf; ;ldltsf]xsdf # Ü b:t'/ nfUg]5 .-u_ ;fd"lxs cfjf; of]hgfcGtu{t lgld{t ejgsf]cfjf; OsfO{ -Flat_ sf]lnvtsf] y}nL cÍdf-3_ ;fd"lxs cfjf; of]hgfcGtu{t lgld{t ejg;lxtsf] 3/ hUufsf]lnvtsf] y}nL cÍdf@= btf{kmf/L, ;+o'Qm btf{jfnfaLrsf] 5f]8kqsf] y}nLcÍdf#= xfn}b]lvsf] js;kqsf]lnvtdf –y}nL cÍdf_-s_ afh], aHo}, cfdf, afa',klt, kTgL, bfh', efO,lbbL, alxgL, 5f]/f,5f]/L, 5f]/fa'xf/L,efOa'xf/L, 5f]/LHjfO,;f;'–;;'/f, h]7fh',b]j/, efph", elthf,elthL, gflt, gfltgL,$Ü @Ü –378– – $%– – $%@Ü ! Ü –j]Onfsfkfl/tgx'g] .j]Onfsfkfl/tgx'g] .j]Onfsfkfl/tgx'g] .j]Onfsfkfl/tgx'g]j]Onfsfkfl/tgx'g]


$=b]p/fgL, h]7fgL sfsf,sfsL, dfdf, dfOHo",ef~hf, ef~hL 7'nf]a'jf, 7'nL cfdf,cfdfh', gGb, ;f}tf–;f}tf / Ps} bfh'efOsf] 5f]/f, 5f]/LaLr-c_ ?= !,)),))).–;Ddsf] y}nLcÍdf-cf_ ?= !,)),))).–eGbf a9Lhlt;'s} cÍsf]y}nLdf:ki6Ls/0f M t/ v08 -cf_sf] xsdf o;} cg';"rLsf]ljljw v08sf] qmd ;+Vof!% df plNnlvt ufpFljsf; ;ldltsf] xsdf xfn}b]lvsf] as;kq kfl/t x'g]lnvtdf !=% k|ltzt b:t'/nfUg]5 .-v_ cGo js;kq /bfgkqsf] y}nL cÍdf:ki6Ls/0f M t/ lqe"jgljZjljBfno, dx]Gb| ;+:s[tljZjljBfno, ;fd'bflosljBfno, ;fd'bflosc:ktfn g]kfn ;/sf/sfsfof{no, :yfgLo lgsfotyf g]kfn ;/sf/sf]gfddf k|fKt x'g] bfgkqsf]lnvtdf s'g} b:t'/ nfUg]5}g .c+zj08f tyf c+z ekf{O{sf]lnvtdf-s_ ?= #),)),))).–;Ddsf] y}nL cÍdf!Ü )=%Ü –@Ü !Ü –j]Onfsfkfl/tgx'g]j]Onfsfkfl/tgx'g]!%% !)% – j]Onfsfkfl/tgx'g]––)=@%3/ hUufePsf] s'g}Onfsf jflhNnfdfj]Onfsfkfl/t x'g]-v_ ?= #),)),))).– eGbfa9L ?= @,)),)),))).–;Ddsf] y}nL cÍdf379––)=#%3/ hUufePsf] s'g}Onfsf jflhNnfdfj]Onfsf


-u_ ?= @,)),)),))).–eGbf a9L hlt ;'s}cÍsf] y}nLdf%= dfgf] 5'l§Psf] / dfgf]hf]l8Psf] k|lt lnvt^= a/fa/ hUuf ;§fk§f u/LrSnfaGbL ul/g] k|ltlnvtdf -38]/L afx]s s[lifk|of]hgsf] nflu dfq_&= z]ifkl5sf]js;kq÷ci6nf]x -k|ltlnvt_-s_ tLg k':tfleqsf]– – )=%%?=!),)))– ?=%,))).– –/fhLgfdf;/x/fhLgfdf;/x –?=%,))).– ?=@,))).– –kfl/tx'g] .3/ hUufePsf] s'g}Onfsf jflhNnfdfj]Onfsfkfl/tx'g] .j]Onfsfkfl/tgx'g]a]Onfsfkfl/tgx'g]a]Onfsfkfl/tgx'g]-v_ tLg k':tfaflx/sf] ?=!),)))– ?=$,))).–*= b[li6jGwsL, ef]ujGwsL /nvjGwsLsf] lnvtsf] y}nLcÍdf – – !Ü(= wd{k'q, wd{k'qL -k|ltlnvtdf_-s_ tLg k':tfleqsf]gftfdf–––?= !))).–a]Onfsfkfl/tgx'g]a]Onfsfkfl/tgx'g]a]Onfsfkfl/t gx'g]-v_ tLg k':tf aflx/sf]df – –?=%))).– a]Onfsfkfl/t gx'g]!)= clwsf/gfdf, d+h'/Lgfdf /clVtof/gfdfsf] k|ltlnvtdf – – ?=@,)))– –!!= skfnL td;'s / s/f/gfdf-bflvn vfl/h gx'g]_ – – )=%Ü –380


l;=g+=v= ;]jf z'Ns Mlnvtsf] k|sf/381;]jf z'Nssf] b/ cGoyf pNn]v ePsf]df afx]sy}nL cÍdfufpF ljsf;gu/kflnsfb'j} If]qsf];ldltIf]qsf] b:t'/b:t'/If]qsf] b:t'/!= lnvt /lhi6«]zgsf] nflu 8f]/ dfu ug]{lgj]bgdf 8f]/ z'Ns M-s_ sf7df8f}+ pkTosf If]qdf ?=!%,))).– ?=!),))).–@=-v_ t/fO{ If]qdf ?=&,))).– ?=#,))).–-u_ kxf8L If]qdf ?=%,))).– ?=@,))).–ljljw v08sf]l;= g+= !% dfpNn]lvtuf=lj=;=x?sf] xsdfgu/kflnsf;/xsf] b:t'/nfUg]5 .g]kfn /fi6« a}Íaf6 ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{:jLs[lt k|fKt a}Í ljQLo tyf ;xsf/L;+:yfaf6 lbg] shf{sf] lwtf]aGws jfb[li6aGws lnvtdf-s_ ?=!,)),))).– ;Ddsf] lnvtsf]y}nL cÍdf – – ?=!,))).–-v_ ?= !,)),))).– eGbf a9L ?=%,)),))).– ;Ddsf] y}nL cÍdf – – ?=!,%)).–-u_ ?= %,)),))).– eGbf a9L?=!),)),))).– ;Ddsf] y}nL cÍdf – – ?=@,%)).–-3_ ?= !),)),))).– eGbf a9L ?=@),)),))).– ;Ddsf] y}nLcÍdf – – ?=#,))).–-ª_ ?= @),)),))).– eGbf a9L ?=%),)),))).– ;Ddsf] y}nLcÍdf – – ?=%,))).–-r_ ?= %),)),))).– eGbf a9L ?=!,)),)),))).– ;Ddsf] y}nLcÍdf – – ?=@),))).–-5_ ?= !,)),)),))).– eGbf a9L ?=@,)),)),))).– ;Ddsf] y}nLcÍdf – – ?=#),))).–-h_ ?= @,)),)),))).– eGbf a9Lhlt;'s} cÍsf] y}nLdf – – ?=%%,))).–# lnh M;/sf/L hUuf lnhdf pknJw u/fpg];/sf/L hUufbtf{ tyflnhdfpknAwu/fpg];DjGwLsfo{gLlt


$= hUufwgL btf{ ;|]:tfsf] k|ltlnlksf]nflu -lstfa / l6s6 afx]s_ k|lt k'hf{-s_ sf7df8f}+ pkTosfleq-v_ t/fO{ If]q-u_ cGo If]qgf]6 M h'g;'s} k|of]hgsf] nfluk|ltlnlk lnFbf ;d]t nfu' x'g]5 .382?=!,))).–?=%)).–?=@)).–?=%)).–?=@)).–?=!)).–@)&!sf]cg';"rL !lnhdfpknAwu/fpg];DjGwLsfo{gLlt@)&!sf]cg';"rL !cg';f/ b:t'/nfUg]5 .%= bflvn vf/]h z'Ns-s_ s/f/ cg';f/ lnvt kfl/t ug{7x¥ofPsf] km};nf jf ldnfkqcg';f/sf] bflvn vf/]h ubf{ $Ü @Ü –-v_ cGo ldnfkq -c+z / ck'tfnLafx]s_ sf] bflvn vf/]h ubf{ @Ü !Ü –-u_ a}Í, ljQLo ;+3 jf ;xsf/L;+:yfn] shf{ k|jfx ubf{ lnPsf]lwtf] lnnfd ubf{ JolQmn] ;sf/u/L a}Í tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf]kqfg';f/ JolQmsf] gfpFdf bflvnvfl/h ubf{sf] y}nL cÍdf $Ü @Ü –-3_ a}Í, ljQLo ;+3 jf ;xsf/L;+:yfn] shf{ k|jfx ubf{ lnPsf]lwtf] lnnfd ubf{ JolQmn] ;sf/gu/L C0fLsf] gfdaf6 a}Í, ljQLo;+3 jf ;xsf/L ;+:yfn] cfˆgf]gfpFdf bflvn vfl/h ubf{ k|ltldl;n ?=%,))).– ?=@,))).– –-ª_ a}Í, ljQLo ;+3 jf ;xsf/L;+:yfn] shf{ k|jfx ubf{ lnPsf]lwtf] lnnfddf a}Í, ;+3 jf ;+:yfcfkm}n] ;sf/ u/]kl5 ;DalGwtC0fLnfO{ g} lkmtf{ ubf{ kfl/t ug]{lnvtsf] y}nL c+sdf @Ü !Ü –


^-r_ z]ifkl5sf] as;kqsf] bflvnvfl/h-s_ tLg k':tfleqsf] eP-v_ tLg k':tfaflx/sf] ePgfd;f/L-s_ tLg k':tfleqsf] gfd;f/L ubf{-v_ tLg k':tfeGbf aflx/sf] gfd;f/Lubf{–@Ü!,))).–#,))).––!Ü%)).–!,%)).–& >]:tfk"hf{df 3/ hgfpg] k|lt lgj]bgdf @,))).– %)).–gu/kflnsf* /f]Ssf b:t'/If]qsf] b:t'/-s_ lnvt /lhi6«]zg ePsf]df -y}nL c+s hlt;'s} ePklg_c+z j08f ;/xufpF ljsf;;ldlt If]qsf]b:t'/?=%)).– ?=@)).–-v_ lnvt /lhi6«]zg gx'g]df-c_ ?=%),))).– ;Ddsf] C0f c+sdf ?=@)).– ?=!)).–-cf_ ?=%),))).– eGbf a9L ?=!,)),))).– ;Dd ?=#)).– ?=@)).–-O_ ?=!,)),))).– eGbf a9L ?=%,)),))).– ;Dd ?=%)).– ?=#)).–-O{_ ?=%,)),))).– eGbf a9L hlt;'s} c+sdf ?=*)).– ?=%)).–-p_ C0f c+s gv'n]sf]df ?=!,))).– ?=^)).–u= ljljw M!= sf7df8f}+ pkTosfleqsf dxfgu/kflnsf, pk–dxfgu/kflnsf,gu/kflnsf / ;f] If]ql;t hf]l8Psf ufpF ljsf; ;ldltleqsf] kfl/tx'g] lnvtdf 3/hUuf /lhi6«]zg b:t'/sf] l;=g+= !, @ / # df pNn]vul/Psf] /lhi6«]zg lnvtsf] y}nL c+sdf z"Go bzdnj kfFr k|ltztyk u/L jfudtL ;Eotf sf]ifsf] nflu c;'n ul/g]5 .@= wd{k'q, clwsf/gfdf / z]ifkl5sf] js;kq lnvt afx]s cGo ;a}k|sf/sf] lnvtdf clgjfo{ y}nL c+s v'nfpg' kg]{5 .#= hnljB't pBf]u, lrofv]tL, slkm v]tL, skf;v]tL, k'ik Joj;fo, t/sf/Lv]tL, kz'k+IfLkfng, cn}rLv]tL, hl8a'6L v]tL Pj+ kmnkm"n pBf]usf] gfpFdfvl/b ug]{ hUufsf] lnvt kfl/t ubf{ nfUg] /lhi6]«zg b:t'/df krxQ/k|ltzt 5'6 x'g]5 .$= ;fd'lxs v]tL of]hgf cGtu{t s[lif pTkfbg a9fpg] p2]Zon] rSnfldnfO{ v]tL ug{ JolQm JolQm ldnL pBf]u vf]nL ;DalGwt JolQmsf]gfpFsf] hUuf pBf]usf] gfpFdf kfl/t ug]{ lnvtdf nfUg] /lhi6«]zgb:t'/df krxQ/ k|ltzt 5'6 x'g]5 .%= ;"lt{ / dlb/fhGo pBf]u afx]ssf pTkfbgd"ns pBf]un] pBf]u :yfkgf tyf;~rfng ug{ cfkm\gf] gfpFdf vl/b ug]{ hUufsf] lnvt kfl/t ubf{ nfUg]/lhi6]«zg b:t'/df krf; k|ltzt 5'6 x'g]5 .383


^= -s_ s[lif C0f, aLdf ;+:yfg, aLdf ;ldltaf6 :jLs[t k|fKt aLdfsDkgL, ljZjljBfno, a}Í tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx¿n] cfˆgfafxfnjfnf sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ ;]jf zt{ adf]lhd lbg] C0f ;'ljwfsf]lwtf] aGws lnvt kfl/t ubf{ /lhi6«]zg b:t'/ 5'6 x'g]5 t/;]jf z'Ns Ps xhf/ ?k}ofF nfUg]5 .-v_ sd{rf/L ;~ro sf]if tyf gful/s nufgL sf]ifn] lgoldt arthDdf ug]{ cfˆgf ;~rostf{x?nfO{ C0f ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpFbflng] lwtf]sf] lwtf] aGws lnvt kfl/t ubf{ /lhi6«]zg b:t'/ 5'6x'g]5 t/ ;]jf z'Ns kfFr ;o nfUg]5 .&= -s_ ;xsf/L P]g, @)$* adf]lhd btf{ e} ;+rfngdf /x]sf ;xsf/L;+:yfx?n] cfkm\gf z]o/ ;b:ox? aLr C0f nufgL÷k|jfx ubf{tL; nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] y}nL c+sdf /f]Ssf b:t'/ afx]s ;]jf z'Ns5'6 x'g]5 . ;f] eGbf dflysf] y}nL c+sdf v08 -v_ ;]jf z'Nsdxnsf] bkmf @ adf]lhdsf] ;]jf z'Ns nfUg] 5 .-v_ a}+lsË tyf ljlQo Joj;fo / aLdf Joj;fo ug]{ Ps} k|s[ltsflgsfox? Ps cfk;df ufleg rfx]df ufleg] o; k|sf/sf;+:yfx?n] ;f] k|of]hgsf nflu 3/hUufsf] /lhi6«]zg kfl/t ubf{lnvtdf nfUg] /lhi6«]zg b:t'/ 5'6 x'g]5 .*= hgcfGbf]ng klxnf], bf];|f] / dw]z cfGbf]ngdf ;xfbt k|fKt u/]sfzxLbsf cfl>t klt, kTgL, 5f]/f / 5f]/L tyf dftf lktfsf] gfpFdf:jfldTj k|fKt x'g] u/L kfl/t x'g] lnvtdf o; P]g adf]lhd nfUg] ;a}k|sf/sf] b:t'/ / z'Ns k"0f{?kdf 5'6 x'g]5 .(= ckfËtf ePsf JolQm, blnt Pj+ lk5l8Psf hflt egL :yfgLolgsfoaf6 k|dfl0ft ePsf] l;kmfl/; jf cflwsfl/s k|df0fsf] cfwf/dfltgLx¿sf] gfddf :jfldTj k|fKt x'Fbf o; P]g adf]lhd c;'n ul/g] 3/hUuf /lhi6«]zg b:t'/df kRrL; k|ltzt 5'6 x'g]5 .!)= -s_ h'g;'s} k|sf/af6 dlxnf / ;Q/L jif{eGbf j9L pd]/sf j[4sf]gfddf :jfldTj k|fKt x'g] ul/ kfl/t x'g] lnvtdf o; P]gadf]lhd nufOPsf] /lhi6«]zg b:t'/df kRrL; k|ltzt 5'6 x'g]5 .t/ Psn dlxnfsf] xsdf eg] k}+tL; k|ltzt 5'6 x'g]5 .b]xfodf plNnlvt lxdfnL If]qsf lhNnf ;b/d'sfd afx]ssfufpF ljsf; ;ldltsf] xsdf krf; k|ltzt /lhi6«]zg b:t'/ 5'6x'g]5 M–-c_ tfKn]h'Ë, ;f]n'v'Dj', dgfË, d':tfË, /;'jf, x'Dnf, h'Dnf, d'u',sflnsf]6, 8f]Nkf, aemfË / bfr'{nf .-cf_ ;+v'jf;ef lhNnfsf r]k'jf, lsdfyfª\sf, dsfn', xl6of,384


kfjfvf]nf / kflye/f ufpF ljsf; ;ldltx? .-O_ bf]nvf lhNnfsf nfdfju/, uf}l/z+s/, cfnDk', dfj'{, :ofdf,lju', vf/] / lrn+vf ufpF ljsf; ;ldltx? .-O{_ wflbª lhNnfsf ;]t'{ª, l6KnLË, l/, nKkf, cf]nf{ª, ;Tob]jL,bfvf{, a;]/L, a'9fy'd, d'nkfgL, km'nvs{, ;Nofgsf]6 / j'ª\bLufpF ljsf; ;ldltx? .-p_ l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnfsf tftf]kfgL, u'Djf, uf]Nr] / km'NkLªs6[LufpF ljsf; ;ldltx? .-pm_ uf]/vf lhNnfsf ;fdfufpF, Nxf], k|f]s, ljxL, 5]sDkf/, r'Gr]t,lzlb{jf;, sf;Lufp+, s]/f}+hf, dfGj', pOof, u'Dbf, nfk|fs /nfu' ufpF ljsf; ;ldltx? .gf]6 M o; v08 adf]lhd 5'6 ;'ljwfdf k|fKt x'g cfPsf] hUuf tLgjif{leq laqmL u/]df klxnf k|bfg ul/Psf] 5'6 ;'ljwf afktsf]/sd c;'n pk/ ul/g]5 .-v_ xfn klt jf kTgLsf] gfddf sfod /x]sf] 3/ hUufsf] :jfldTjkl/jt{g u/L klt–kTgL b'j}sf] ;+o'Qm :jfldTjsf] ?kdf lnvt ug{rfx]df ;f] ;uf]ngfdfsf] lnvtdf Ps ;o ?k}ofF dfq /lhi6«]zgb:t'/ nfUg]5 .-u_ #)) hgf JolQmnfO{ k|ToIf /f]huf/L lbg] pTkfbgzLn pBf]u:yfkgf ug{ jf lj:tf/ ug{sf nflu hUUff v/Lb ubf{ nfUg]/lhi6«]zg b:t'/sf] lnvtdf krf; k|ltzt 5'6 lbOg]5 . 3f]liftp2]Zosf] pkof]u gu/]df k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd b:t'/ c;'npk/ u/L sf/afxL ul/g]5 .!!= e"ldxLg d'Qm sd}of / d'Qm xlnof kl/jf/n] a}Íaf6 C0f k|fKt u/Lvl/b u/]sf] hUufsf] lnvt kfl/t ubf{ nfUg] /lhi6«]zg b:t'/, ;]jfz'Ns / /f]Ssf b:t'/ k"0f{?kdf 5'6 x'g]5 .!@= a}Í, ljQLo Pj+ ;xsf/L ;+3 jf ;+:yf / cbfntaf6 eO{ cfPsf]ldnfkq cg';f/ bflvn vf/]h ug'{kbf{ ;]jf b:t'/ c;'n ug]{k|of]hgsf] nflu dfnkf]t sfof{non] /lhi6«]zg k|of]hgsf] nflu tf]s]sf]Go"gtd d"No / ldnfkq jf a}Í, ljlQo Pj+ ;xsf/L ;+3 ;+:yfsf] kqdfpNn]v ePsf] d"NodWo] h'g a9L x'G5 ;f]xLnfO{ sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .!#= /lhi6«]zg afkt dfnkf]t sfof{non] ;DalGwt lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt /gu/kflnsfdf k7fpg] s"n /sdsf] ;ft k|ltzt /sd ;DalGwtdfnkf]t, e"ld;'wf/ / gfkL sfof{nox?sf] ;+:yfut ;'b[9Ls/0f, ejg,lgdf{0f, dd{t, >]:tf Joj:yfkg tyf b}lgs sfo{ ;~rfngdf vr{ ug]{u/L lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt / gu/kflnsfn] ;DalGwt dfnkf]t385


sfof{nox?df pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 . o;/L pknJw u/fPsf] /sd ?=^ nfv eGbf a9L ePdf ;f] eGbf a9L ePsf] /sd e"ld;'wf/ tyfJoj:yfkg ljefusf] e"ld Joj:yfkg ;'b[9Ls/0f vftfdf bflvnf ug'{kg]{5 . pQm /sd cfjZostf Pj+ cf}lrTo x]/L ;f]xL lhNnf jf Go'g/sd x'g] cGo lhNnfsf sfof{nox?df e"ld Joj:yfkg ;'b[9Ls/0fsfo{qmd -;+rfng_ sfo{ljlw, @)^& sf] kl/lwleq /xL s]Gb|Lo sfo{qmd;ldltn] jfF8kmFf8 u/L lgsf;f lbg ;Sg] / vr{sf] cg'udg u/L ;f]sf]cfjlws hfgsf/L e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf dGqfno / cy{ dGqfnosf]ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd dxfzfvfdf k7fpg' kg]{5 .!$= g]kfn ;/sf/n] rfx]df wfld{s tyf ;fdflhs lxtsf lgldQ :yflktg]kfndf btf{ ePsf ;+3, ;+:yf jf lgsfon] cfˆgf] gfpFdf lgMz'Ns?kdf k|fKt ug]{ hUufsf] lnvt kfl/t ubf{ nfUg] krf; k|ltzt/lhi6«]zg b:t'/ 5'6 lbg ;Sg]5 .!%= /lhi6«]zg b:t'/sf ;DaGwdf l;=g+= ! sf] v08 -u_ df h'g;'s} s'/fn]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfosf lhNnfsf b]xfo adf]lhdsf ufFp ljsf;;ldltx?sf] kfl/t x'g] lnvtdf tLg k|ltzt /lhi6«]zg b:t'/nfUg]5 M–!= nlntk'/ M em?jf/f;L, 7]rf] / rfkfufpF uFfp ljsf; ;ldlt .@= Onfd M kz'kltgu/, a/jf]6], afFemf] / s/kmf]s ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt .#= emfkf M wfOhg j8f g+= !, %, ^ / (, nvgk'/ j8f g+= !, uf}/fbxj8f g+= #, $, * / (, afx'g8fFuL j8f g+= !, @ / $, b'jfu9L j8fg+= #, $, % / ^, kf/fvf]kL j8f g+=!, @, $, ^, &, *, (, u/fdgL,j8f g+= % a'waf/], j8f g+= !,$, %, ^, & / ( algofgL j8f g+= #,$ / * .$= df]/ª lhNnf M s6x/L, 6lÍl;g'jf/L, emfkf a}hgfyk'/, xflyd'9f /emf]/fx6 ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt .%= ;'g;/L lhNnf M ;f]gf;'/, e/f]n, cfOtjf/], dw]zf -* / ( j8fafx]s_ / jSnf}/L ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt .^= pbok'/ M 7f]lS;nf ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt .&= ;Kt/L M e?jfvfn ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt .*= l;/fxf M /fdgu/ ldr}{of, Ogjf{, wgu9L, ;f/:j/, a8x/fdfn,ejfgk'/, cof]Wofk'/ ;'vLk'/ / sNof0fk'/ ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt .(= wg'iff M ob's'jf, uf]bf/ dx]gb|gu/, o1e"ld / ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt .!)= ;nf{xL M a/xyjf, xl/k'/, sf]8]gf, slknf;Lsf] uf}/ahf/, xg'dfggu/, 5ks}ofsf] uf]8]}tf ahf/ ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt .!!= af/f M l;d/f, /fdk'/6f]sgL, lnkgLdfn, ax'c/L, sf]r{jf, / j]NxL386


Ol6ofO{ ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt .!@= k;f{ M /fdu9'jf, v=6f]=, le;jf, jjf{uf]9, cnf} / rf]g{L{ ufpF ljsf;;ldlt .!# =lrtjg M >Lk'/, xfhLk'/, e08f/f / h'6kfgL ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt .!$= dsjfgk'/ M /ftdf6] j8f g+= #, % / (, Hofld/] -lkKn]_ j8f g+= *v, Hofld/] j8f g+= $ / % l;v/sf]6 -xfn bfdg_ j8f g+= # / $/ ah|jf/fxL j8f g+= ! / @ .!%= l;Gw'kfNrf]s M afx«lj;] j8f g+= !, * / ( .!^= sfe|]knf~rf]s M ;fFuf gfl;sf:Yffg / pu|r08Lgfnf ufpF ljsf;;ldltsf] j8f g+= ! / @ .!&= wflbª M gf}lj;], uh'/L, ;Nofg6f/, yfqm] j8f g+= !3, !ª, #u, #3,$v, $u, &s, *s, *v, *u, (s, a}/]gL j8f g+= *h, *`, (ª,lk8f j8f g+= !s, !u, @ª, @5 / @em, a]lg3f6 j8f g+= @a, #s,^s, *s, *3, *ª, / e"ld:yfg j8f g+= ^s, *s, *v / (u .!*= tgx'F M cfFa', efg', hfd'g], ledfb / 3fF;Ls'jf ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt .!(= ndh'ª M /D3f j8f g+= ^, &, * / (, ;"o{kfn j8f g+= (,Ozfg]Zj/ j8f g+= &, * / (, ef]n]{6f/ j8f g+= $, %, ^, &, * /( .@)= :ofªhf M >Ls[i0fu08sL j8f g+= * / (, huqb]jL j8f g+= * /(, bfl;{ª, bxy'd j8f g+= # / (, km]bLvf]nf j8f g+= @ .@!= sf:sL M ljhocjf{ j8f g+= !, @, # / $, Uof/hftL j8f g+= @,&,n's'Daf/f j8f g+= !, ;fljs k8]nL @, ef]6]kf]v/L j8f g+= $,&,*,(,enfd !, l;;'jf j8f g+= $ .@@= gjnk/f;L M tLnsk'/ / /fdgu/ ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt .@#= ?kGb]xL M k8;/L ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt .@$= kj{t M b]lj:yfg, x'jf; j8f g+= #, $, & / *, afh'ª j8f g+= ! /@, b]pk'/ j8f g+= (, ltnfxf/ j8f g+ ^, dNnfh dfemkmfF6 j8f g+=@ / #, zflnu|fd j8f g+= (, wfOl/ª j8f g+= %, lqj]0fL j8f g+= (,sfsL{g]6f j8f g+= $, % / &, n'v' j8f g+= ( .@%= slknj:t' M 7"nf] lkk/f ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt .@^= bfª M gf/fo0fk'/, ljhf}/L, k'/Gwf/f, nIdLk'/, lzzxlgof, nfndl6of/ u9jf ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt .@&= afFs] M r6f/, ugfk'/, ;+z]/u~h, lx/ldlgof, / ags6'jf ufpFljsf; ;ldlt .@*= alb{of M d}gfkf]v/, g]pnfk'/, 7fs'/åf/f ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt .@(= s~rgk'/ M ;'8f ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt .387


!^= of] P]g nfu" x'Fbfsf avt g]kfn ;/sf/af6 3f]if0ff ePsf jf o;kl53f]if0ff x'g] gu/kflnsfsf] xsdf To:tf gu/kflnsfsf] gfd / If]qlgwf{/0f u/L g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/]sf]ldltb]lv o; cg';"rL adf]lhdsf] 3/ hUuf /lhi6«]zg b:t'/ / ;]jfz'Ns nfUg]5 .!&= ;xsf/L P]gsf] bkmf % cGtu{t btf{ ePsf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿n] ;+:yfsf]k|of]hgsf] nflu sf7df08f} pkTosfdf Ps /f]kgL, kxf8L If]qdf b'O{/f]kgL / t/fO tyf leqL dw]zdf tLg sf;Dd hUuf / ejg vl/bubf{ nfUg] /lhi6«]zg b:t'/ ;xsf/L ljefusf] l;kmfl/zdf nfUg]/lhi6«]zg b:t'/ k"0f{ ?kdf 5'6 x'g]5 . t/ To:tf ;xsf/L ;+:yfn]/lhi6«]zg b:t'/ 5'6 ;'ljwfdf vl/b u/]sf] hUuf tyf ejg ;+:yfuflePsf] jf lj36g ePsf] cj:yfdf afx]s lalqm u/]df klxn] 5'6lbOPsf] /lhi6«]zg b:t'/ / ;]jf z'Ns c;n pk/ ul/g]5 .!*= ljljw v08sf] qmd ;+Vof *, (, !) / !! adf]lhd 5'6 lbFbf Ps}JolQmnfO{ PseGbf a9L cfwf/df 5'6 kfpg] ePdf ;a}eGbf a9L s'g}Ps dfq 5'6 lbOg]5 .!(= Pp6} sf/f]af/af6 krf; nfv ?k}ofF jf ;f]eGbf dflysf] 3/ jf hUufvl/b laqmL ubf{ qm]tfn] a}Íaf6 e'QmfgLsf] nflu of]Uo -u'8 km/ k]d]06_]egL 5fk nfu]sf] r]ssf] kmf]6f]skL k]z u/]kl5 jf laq]mtfsf gfddfa}Ídf /x]sf] vftfdf /sd hDdf u/]sf] a}Í ef}r/sf] kmf]6f]skL k]zu/]kl5 dfq dfnkf]t sfof{non] kfl/t lnvt adf]lhd bflvn vf/]hu/L >]:tfk'hf{ tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .@)= klt–kTgLsf] ;+o'Qm gfddf kfl/t x'g] lnvtdf dlxnf ;/x /lhi6«]zgb:t'/df 5'6 lbO{g] 5 .@!= tLgk':tf leq 5f]/L jf gfltgLx?df ;+o'Qm gfd;f/L eO{ btf{kmf/L ubf{qmd ;+Vof @ df plNnlvt 5f]8kqsf] b//]6sf] cfwf z'Ns nfUg] 5 .@@= g]kfn ;/sf/ cGtu{t s'g} Ps lgsfosf] gfddf /x]sf] hUuf g]kfn;/sf/sf] csf]{ s'g} lgsfosf] gfddf /lhi6«]zg jf bflvn vf/]hug'{kbf{ /lhi6«]zg b:t'/ tyf ;]jf z'Ns nfUg] 5}g .@#= s'g} JolQmsf] cfkm\gf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf] hUuf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] s'g}lgsfonfO{ lgMz'Ns ?kdf k|fKt ePdf jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf s'g} klglgsfon] v/Lb u/L lnPdf ;f] df /lhi6«]zg b:t'/ tyf ;]jf z'NsnfUg] 5}g .388


cg';"rL–%rnlrq ljsf; z'Ns!= cfly{s jif{ @)&@÷)&# df g]kfndf rnlrqx¿sf] k|bz{gdfrnlrq3/x¿n] k|bz{g ug]{ ljb]zL rnlrqsf] ;a} >]0fLsf] k|j]zz'Nsdf kGw| k|ltzt rnlrq ljsf; z'Ns c;'n pk/ ul/g]5 .@=rnlrq3/x¿n] Soflag ;~rfng ug{ kfpg] 5g\ . ljb]zLrnlrq k|bz{g u/] afkt To:tf] Soflagsf] ;a} >]0fLsf] l6s6laqmLaf6 c;'n ug]{ rnlrq ljsf; z'Nssf] b/ k|j]z z'Nssf]aL; k|ltzt x'g]5 .#= rnlrq3/x¿n] cfk"mn] k|bz{g u/]sf] rnlrqsf] b}lgs l6s6laqmLsf] ljj/0f clen]v laqmL vftfdf b}lgs ?kdf cBfjlwsug'{ kg]{5 . rnlrq3/x¿n] rnlrq k|bz{g ;DaGwL ljj/0f;fKtflxs?kdf sf7df8f}+ pkTosfsf] xsdf rnlrq ljsf; af]8{/ ;DalGwt cfGtl/s /fh:j sfof{nodf tyf cGo If]qsf] xsdfcfGtl/s /fh:j sfof{no ePsf] lhNnfdf ;f] sfof{nodf /cfGtl/s /fh:j sfof{no gePsf] lhNnfdf sf]if tyf n]vflgoGqs sfof{nodf a'emfpg' kg]{5 .$= k|s/0f ! / @ adf]lhdsf] z'Ns rnlrq3/x¿n] c;'n pk/ u/Lk|To]s dlxgfsf] z'Ns csf]{ dlxgfsf] kRrL; ut]leq k|s/0f %sf] cwLgdf /xL ljj/0f ;lxt ;DalGwt cfGtl/s /fh:jsfof{nodf jf ;f] sfof{no gePsf] lhNnfdf sf]if tyf n]vflgoGqs sfof{nodf bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 . tf]s]sf] ;dodf z'Nsga'emfpg]nfO{ k|To]s dlxgfsf] a'emfpg' kg]{ z'Nssf] kRrL;k|ltzt hl/afgf nfUg]5 . rnlrq ljsf; z'Nssf] dfl;sljj/0f plNnlvt cjlwleq rnlrq ljsf; af]8{df ;d]ta'emfpg' kg]{5 .%= rnlrq3/x¿n] rnlrq k|bz{g u/L rnlrq k|bz{g gu/]sf]egL jf ljb]zL rnlrq k|bz{g u/L g]kfnL rnlrq k|bz{g u/]sf]xf] egL jf jf:tljs l6s6 laqmLeGbf sd l6s6 laqmL b}lgslaqmL vftfdf hgfO{ e'mÝf ljj/0f lbPdf lgDg adf]lhdsf]hl/afgf nufO{ To;/L 5lnPsf] rnlrq ljsf; z'Ns ;lxtc;'n pk/ ul/g]5 M–389


-s_-v_klxnf] k6s eP 5lnPsf] rnlrq ljsf; z'Nssf] ztk|ltzt .bf];|f] k6s jf ;f]eGbf a9L hlt;'s} k6s eP klg5lnPsf] rnlrq ljsf; z'Nssf] b'O{ ;o k|ltzt .^= k|s/0f $ / % adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] Dofb Joltt ePsf] b'O{dlxgfleq hl/afgf ;lxt z'Ns ga'emfpg] rnlrq3/ aGb u/Lnfu]sf] z'Ns tyf hl/afgf ;d]t ;DalGwt clws[tn] c;'nug]{5 . ;dodf ljj/0f k]z gu/]df k|lt dlxgf Ps xhf/ ?k}ofFhl/afgf nfUg]5 .&=b}jL k|sf]k, pks/0fLo dd{t ;Def/ jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] ;ftlbg jf ;f]eGbf a9L lbg rnlrq3/ aGb ePsf] Joxf]/f k|s/0f!! df plNnlvt sfof{non] k|dfl0ft u/]sf] cj:yfdf aGb ePsf]lbgsf] rnlrq ljsf; z'Ns nfUg] 5}g .*= ljBfyL{ju{sf] ;x'lnotsf] nflu zlgaf/ laxfg * ah]sf] /;fj{hlgs labf k/]sf lbgsf] laxfg * ah]sf] zf]sf] rnlrqk|bz{gLdf rnlrq ljsf; z'Nsdf krf; k|ltzt 5'6 lbOg]5 .(= o; cg';"rL adf]lhd u/]sf] lg0f{o pk/ k}tL; lbgleq /fh:jGofoflws/0fdf k'g/fj]bg nfUg]5 .!)= rnlrq ljsf; z'Ns ;DaGwL k|zf;g cfGtl/s /fh:j sfof{noePsf] lhNnfdf ;f] sfof{non] / cfGtl/s /fh:j sfof{nogePsf] lhNnfdf sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{non] ug]{5 .!!= rnlrq ljsf; z'Nssf] cg'udg rnlrq ljsf; af]8{n] ;d]tug]{5 . rnlrq ljsf; z'Nssf] :ynut lg/LIf0fsf nfluaf]8{af6 vl6O{ cfPsf sd{rf/LnfO{ rnlrq ;DaGwL clen]v,laqmL vftf tyf bz{s ;+Vof ;DaGwL clen]v rnlrq3/n]pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 . ;DalGwt cfGtl/s /fh:j sfof{notyf sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{non] cfjZostf cg';f/cg'udg tyf lg/LIf0f ug]{5g\ .!@= rnlrq3/sf ;~rfnsx¿n] rnlrq k|bz{g ug'{eGbf Ps lbgcufj} cfk"mn] k|of]u ug]{ l6s6sf] l;nl;n]jf/ gDa/, rnlrqsf]gfd / k|bz{g ul/g] ldlt rnlrq ljsf; af]8{ / cfGtl/s/fh:j sfof{no jf sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{nodf390


hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 / ;f]sf] clen]v rnlrq3/x¿n] /fVg'kg]{5 .!#= o; cg';"rL adf]lhd c;'n ePsf] rnlrq ljsf; z'Nssf] gAa]k|ltzt /sd rnlrq ljsf; af]8{nfO{ / afFsL bz k|ltzt/sd cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefun] tf]s]sf] k|lqmof adf]lhd rnlrqljsf; z'Nssf] k|zf;g ug]{ sfof{nosf] k|zf;lgs tyf ef}lts;'wf/ sfo{df vr{ ug{ ;lsg]5 . rnlrq ljsf; af]8{n] cfk"mn]k|fKt u/]sf] rnlrq ljsf; z'Ns /sdsf] kRrL; k|ltzteGbfa9L /sd k|zf;lgs sfo{df vr{ ug{ kfpg] 5}g .!$= rnlrq ljsf; af]8{sf] l;kmfl/;df g]kfn ;/sf/n] b]xfodfplNnlvt ljifoj:t'df lgld{t :jb]zL rnlrqsf] k|bz{gLdf nfUg]rnlrq ljsf; z'Ns k"0f{ jf cf+lZfs ?kdf 5'6 lbg ;Sg]5 M–-s_cflbjf;L hghfltsf k"0f{tM df}lns ;+:s[lt emNsfpg]oyfy{k/s rnlrq,-v_ b]zk|]d, /fli6«o :jfledfg / zxLbsf Tofu alnbfgdfcfwfl/t ljrf/k|wfg, r]tgfd"ns / k|ultzLnrnlrq .!%= rnlrq ljsf; z'Ns ;DaGwL cGo k|lqmofut s'/f rnlrqljsf; af]8{sf] l;kmfl/;df cfGtl/s /fh:j ljefun] tf]s]adf]lhd x'g]5 .!^= rnlrq ljsf; z'Nssf] n]vfk/LIf0f dxfn]vfk/LIfsaf6 x'g]5 .391

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