ASEAN MUTUAL RECOGNITION ARRANGEMENT ON TOURISM ...

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1 BACKGROUND TO MRATopics:1.1 Introduction1.2 Rationale for MRA for Tourism Professionals1.3 The ASEAN MRA – TP Handbook1.4 What is a Mutual Recognition Arrangement?1.5 Benefits of MRAs1.6 Purpose of MRA on Tourism Professionals1.7 How was the MRA – TP Developed?1.8 Key Elements of MRA – TP1.9 Principles for Recognition & Eligibility of Foreign Tourism Professionals1.10 The ASEAN-Australia Development Cooperation Program1.11 Impacts and ChallengesIMPORTANT ASEAN AGREEMENTS RELATED TO MRAKey terms found in this Chapter: ASEAN-Australia Development Cooperation Program (AADCP) ASEAN Mutual Recognition Arrangement on Tourism Professionals (MRA-TP) Common ASEAN Tourism Curriculum (CATC) ASEAN Task Force on Tourism Manpower Development (ATFTMD) ASEAN Tourism Professional Monitoring Committee (ATPMC) Tourism Professional Certification Board (TPCB) ASEAN Coordinating Committee on Services (CCS)1.1 IntroductionThe tourism industry contributes significantly to the overall ASEAN economy. Based onthe ASEAN Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report 2012, it is estimated that thissector accounts for 4.6 percent of ASEAN GDP. The contribution can be as large as 10.9percent when all indirect contributions from the sector are taken into account. Inaddition, it directly employs 9.3 million people, or 3.2 percent of total employment, andindirectly supports some 25 million jobs. The growth of international tourism in ASEANhas been remarkable. In 1991, there were only 20 million international visitor arrivals toASEAN. After 20 years, the number has grown 4 times, to more than 81 million arrivals in2011.1.2 Rationale for MRA for Tourism ProfessionalsTo ensure growth sustainability and greater contribution to the ASEAN economy, theASEAN tourism attractiveness needs to be accompanied by excellent quality of servicesprovided by the tourism industry within the region. Having high-skilled tourism workers todeliver high-quality services should become normal practice in order to guaranteeP a g e | 4
satisfaction of tourists visiting the region. One of the ways to achieve this goal is throughmutual recognition of qualifications of tourism professionals across Member States.The purpose of this mutual recognition mechanism is to facilitate mobility of tourismprofessionals within ASEAN based on competence-based tourismqualifications/certificates, and at the same time, improve the quality of servicesdelivered by tourism professionals. There are 32 job titles covered under this MRA,ranging from housekeeping, front office, food and beverages services, and foodproduction for hotel division, to travel agencies and tour operator for travel division.1.3 The ASEAN MRA – TP HandbookThis Handbook will explain the MRA – TP system and processes so that ASEAN NTOs arefully aware of this important Arrangement and can take action to implement MRA – TP by2015 as agreed by the ASEAN Member States. In addition, an MRA Guidebook for TourismProfessionals & Employers will be prepared to give a short and practical guide forindustry members.1.4 What is a Mutual Recognition Arrangement?A mutual recognition arrangement (MRA) is an international agreement designed topromote economic integration and increased trade between nations. This is achieved byreducing regulatory impediments to the movement of goods and services.MRAs facilitate trade because they smooth the path in negotiation between nations. Eachnation has its own standards, procedures and regulations. If trade is to flow freelybetween nations then agreement has to be reached on the equivalence – or conformity -between these regulations, standards and procedures. MRAs are the instruments that areused to reach such agreement.MRAs became important in the field of assessing equivalent standards between partnersin the early 1980s. They were formalised by the World Trade Organization under theAgreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT). This agreement has become the guidingbasis for all MRAs whether in the public sector (where the majority are found) or in theprivate sector.1.4.1 Types of MRAsWhilst there are a number of types of MRAs, the most common is designed to facilitateagreement on standards. This type of MRA is an agreement between two or more partiesto mutually recognise or accept so one or all aspects of one another’s conformityassessments. The term is also now applied to agreements on the recognition ofprofessional qualifications.P a g e | 5
Page 6: Table of FiguresFigure 1-1 ASEAN To
Page 11 and 12: Executive summaryIn 2015, the ASEAN
Page 13: downloaded from the ASEAN website.
Page 17 and 18: a) Facilitate mobility of Tourism P
Page 19 and 20: f) The ASEAN Common Competency Stan
Page 21 and 22: 1.10 The ASEAN-Australia Developmen
Page 23 and 24: “Member States shall cooperate in
Page 25 and 26: to operate. The proposed developmen
Page 27 and 28: 2.5 The Importance of a Competency
Page 29 and 30: In the ACCSTP Framework, the Compet
Page 31 and 32: 3. Common ASEAN Tourism CurriculumT
Page 33 and 34: qualifications in each of the labou
Page 35 and 36: 1. A student enters the Tour Operat
Page 37 and 38: 3.8.1 Recognition of AttainmentIt w
Page 39 and 40: 3.11.4 Credit Transfer ProcessNTOs
Page 41 and 42: Figure 4-1: A Competent WorkerCompe
Page 43 and 44: Figure 4-2: Competency Standards ve
Page 45 and 46: 4.3.5 Alternative Assessment ToolsT
Page 47 and 48: collect appropriate evidence and ma
Page 49 and 50: If the participant is unable to ans
Page 51 and 52: Assessment GuideThe following skill
Page 53 and 54: d) The ASEAN Tourism Professionals
Page 55 and 56: 5.4.1 ATPMC ResponsibilitiesThe com
Page 57 and 58: Equipped to maintain a profile of a
Page 59 and 60: 6.3 Conformity AssessmentAccording
Page 61 and 62: check their details and after this
Page 63: 6.8 How ATQEM will workThe ATQEM is
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A Skills Passbook may be designed a
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7. Conclusions and Implementation R
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5 Feasibility Study for development
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7.5 ConclusionsThe MRA on Tourism P
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and to create favourable conditions
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competency certificate in a specifi
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8.1 The provisions of this Arrangem
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ANNEX II: The Tourism Professional
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The Certificate IV in FoodProductio
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Operation (Reservations andTicketin
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The Certificate III in TravelAgenci
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ASEAN MUTUAL RECOGNITION ARRANGEMENT ON TOURISM ...

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