Annex White book.pdf

· Putting smoke cartridges into the holes· Hole and tunnel destruction through machineryThe field surface can also be damaged by rabbits, hares and mice.A1.3.8 HarvestA1.3.8.1Preliminary ploughingIn Castile-La Mancha, a month before flowering, the field is preparedfor planting. In traditional planting a surface digging between the furrowsis usually applied in order to break the crust, to soften and aerate the soiland to remove the weed (Perez, 1995). In case of chemical eradication,crust breaking must take place by a hand rake in case of small-scalesurfaces or by tractors with forks in case of larger fields.In Western Macedonia, at the beginning of October, cultivators dig thefield in different places in order to control the bulbs and see if they havegrown thorns. When thorns become visible on the surface of the furrows,flowering begins within 6-7 days.In Sardinia, surface grubbing is takes place once or twice right afterthe beginning of the rain season at the end of the summer.A1.3.8.2 Flowering potentialPlanning of flower harvest is one of the most important tasks dueto the ephemeral life span of the flower and also due to the fact thatquality suffers if the flowers are exposed to bad weather.In Castile-La Mancha, generally, the flowering period lasts 10days, but the first five days give 70 % of the whole harvest. Fig.1shows flowering through dry stigmas efficiency during the whole floweringperiod for each year.In Sardinia, flowering begins during the first 10 days of Novemberand lasts approximately 20 days depending on the climatic conditions.During flowering, two or three production culminations appear,which bear the local name groffu.A1.3.8.3 Flowering estimationThe beginning of the flowering period can be predicted accordingto sunlight intervals and temperature, with very narrow error margin.The best temperature is about 18oC. But if we consider that floweringbegins at temperature culminations then the first flowers appear at atemperature of 23 and 25oC during the day and 10oC in the nighttime.The quote of the sunlight intervals can easily be used as an indicator.The resulting value should be close to 1,1. Periods with cold and wetclimatic conditions could result in early flowering.In Western Macedonia, at the beginning of October, cultivators dig109