The fiddle traditions The violin comes to Norway It is believed that ...

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The Hardanger fiddle area widens outThe Hardanger fiddle would have been developed in Hardanger, as the nameindicates. But it soon spread over the mountains to the valleys to the east. Thisincreased use didn’t happen universally. Today, it is the Hardanger fiddle, notthe ‘normal’ fiddle, we associate most with Setesdal. But, before the 1800s, itwas the ‘normal’ fiddle which, for a 100-year period, had been dominant. If wego even further back in time, to the 1700s, old findings show that the Hardangerfiddle was, at that time, in use in Setesdal.Also, in Nordfjord, the Hardanger fiddle started to be used as late as 1905. TheNordfjord area surrounding (including Hornindal) is a district rich in tunes, andhere the ‘normal’ fiddle and the Hardanger fiddle are used side by side. It is infact the ‘normal’ fiddle that has dominated here throughout the years, but manyfiddlers did continue with the Hardanger fiddle. The well-known actor, AlfredMaurstad, was one of them.Throughout the country, there are ‘normal’ fiddle players who also acquired aHardanger fiddle.Hauk Buen, Jondalen, Buskerud
Kappleik (National Folk Arts Competition)A truly Norwegian phenomenon is the kappleik. Local kappleiks are held incountry areas, and the National Kappleik (Landskappleik) is held in a differentplace each summer. There are competitions for ‘normal’ fiddle and Hardangerfiddle, for older folk music instruments, vocal folk music and for bygdedansdance. Participants are split into two classes, A and B, depending upon howmany points they have gained earlier. If someone has once competed in the A-class, that is where he remains. There are also classes for the youngest (C) andthe eldest (D).Bø in Telemark has, for a long time, been a meeting place for folk music andfiddlers, and it was here that the first kappleik took place, in 1888. At that time,there was a battle between those who were loyal to the fiddler, Halvor Flatland’sMyllarguten-tradition, and those who were followers of Lars Fykerud and hisway of playing. On the farm, Grive, a competition was arranged, so it a judgecould settle who was best. An “adjudication committee consisting of three localand non-local members” was established, and five prizes were to be awarded. Somany came to listen that the occasion had to be moved out to the courtyard. Theresult was that Fykerud’n won and Flatland was second.The first kappleik for ‘normal’ fiddle took place in Ålesund in 1902 with 14participants. Again, so many folk streamed here that the premises were far toosmall. In 1923, the first National Kappleik was held in Bergen, and at the sametime fiddle players began to organise themselves into societies.
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