Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicines

xxviDGAT Diacylglycerol acyltransferasedil. diluteDIZ Diameter of Inhibitory ZoneDMBA 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene (carcinogen); 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene(carcinogen)DMDP (2R,3R,4R,5R)-2,5-DihydroxyMethyl-3,4-Dihydroxy-PyrrolidineDMSO DiMethyl SulphOxideDNA deoxyribonucleic acidDNJ 1-Deoxynojirimucin (one kind of polyhydroxy alkaloid, glucosidaseinhibitor)DOX doxorubicinDPI DiphenyleneiodoniumDPPH 1,1-DiPhenyl-2-PicrylHydrazyl free radicalDS8000 Dextran sulphate, prepared from average Mr 8000DSCG DiSodium ChromoGlycate (anti-allergic agent)dw dried weightE.A. Enzyme ActivityEBV-EA Epstein-Barr Virus Early AntigenEC Effective ConcentrationEC 50EDmedium Effective ConcentrationEffective DoseED 25 Effective Dose for 25%ED 50medium Effective Dose (in some cases for the mediumEffective Concentration)EGCG (EGCg) (-)-Epigallocatechin gallateEGF Epidermal Growth Factor (it protects MPP + -induced cell death)EGFR Epidermal Growth Factor ReceptorELAM-1 Endothelial-Leukocyte Adhesion Molecule-1ELISA Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assayeotaxin eosinophilous cytotaxinERK Extracellular signal-Regulated KinaseET experimental timesFAG Fagomine (one kind of polyhydroxy alkaloid, glucosidase inhibitor)FCA Freund's complete adjuvantFI Feeding Index (= ((C-T)/(C+T)×100)Flu-A influenza virus type AfMLP N-formyl-L-Methionyl-L-Leucyl-L-Phenylalaninefp freezing pointFR 50 Feeding ratio when the consumed area of control disc (CCD) is 50%[FR = CTD(consumed area of treated disc)/CCD]fw fresh weightG6PD Glucose-6-Phosphate DehydrogenaseGABA γ-aminobutyric acidGaIN galactosamineGI growth inhibitionGI 50 the concentration of sample necessary to inhibit the growth to 50% ofthe controlGlu glutamateGOT Glutamate-Oxaloacetate TransaminaseGp Gastro protective effectgpg guinea pigGPT GlutamicPyruvic TransaminaseGRO Growth-Related OncogeneGSH Glutathione; N-(N-L-γ-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl)glycineGTP Guanosine TriPhosphateGVHR Graft-Versus-HostReactionh hourHAD hmn immunodeficiency virus associated dementiaHBeAg hmn type B Hepatitis, e AntigenHBsAg hmn type B Hepatitis, Surface AntigenHBV Hepatitis B VirusHC 50medium Hemolytic ConcentrationHCoV-229E hmn coronavirus strain 229EHD Huntington’s diseaseHER rat Hypertensive Essential RatHIV hmn immunodeficiency virusHIV-1 hmn immunodeficiency virus type 1HIV-1 IN hmn immunodeficiency virus type 1 integraseHIV-1 RT hmn immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptaseHIV-RT hmn immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptasehmn humanHSV-1 herpes simplex virus 1HSV-2 herpes simplex virus 2HVA homovanillic acidhydroxyl radical OH •ia intra-arterial injectionIAA indole-3-acetic acidICIC 50IC 100ICAM-1Inhibiting Concentrationmedian Inhibiting ConcentrationAbsolute Inhibiting ConcentrationIntercellular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1ICR Imprinting Control Region mouseid intradermal injectionID Inhibiting DoseID 50 Median Inhibiting DoseIFN interferonIFN-γ Interferon-γIgE Immunoglobulin EIgG Immunoglobulin GIL interleukinIL-1 Interleukin-1IL-1α interleukin-1αIL-1β interleukin-1βIL-2 Interleukin-2IL-4 Interleukin-4IL-6 Interleukin-6IL-8 Interleukin-8IL-10 Interleukin-10IL-12 Interleukin-12im intramuscular injectionin vitro in vitroin vivo in vivoIndo indomethaciniNOS inducible Nitric Oxide SynthaseInRt inhibitive rateip intraperitoneal injection