Islam in World Cultures: Comparative Perspectives - Islamic Books ...

3 6 8Islam i n World Cult u r e sGlobalization (continued)response to, 179Gorbachev, Mikhail, 144, 147, 150Governor’s Office, 223, 225Graham, Billy, 284Graham, Franklin, on Islam, 284Grañ, 219Grand Mosque, 226 (photo)Grand Shaykh, 286Grassroots movements, 147Gray Street Mosque, 258 (photo)Great Migration, 291Great Russians, 140Great Western Transmutation, 106Greater East Asia Co-ProsperitySphere, 196Greeks, 2, 16–17, 44Greening, 211Guangdong, cultural pluralism in, 179Guardian Council, 90, 91, 94, 95Gujarat, Ayodhya and, 105Guji, 249Gulf War (1991), 34, 288Gullah, 289, 343Gurage, 237Habermas, Jürgen, 179–180Habibie, B. J., 211Hablun min Allah, 7Hablun min al-nas, 7Hadi, Sayyid Shaykh Abdul, 203Hadith, 13–14, 19, 20, 25, 78, 106–107,108, 109, 114, 135, 183, 190, 219,303described, 10–11, 343reading, 204Hafiz, 248, 343Hagar, 9Haile Selassie, 246Harar under, 224–227nationalist identity and, 244rule of, 225, 227, 230Hajj, 8 (photo), 10, 25, 141, 148, 150,169, 171, 192–193, 199, 205, 294,297, 301boycott of, 34Central Asians and, 144described, 343rites of, 7, 9See also MeccaHakimiyya, 114Hama, 60Hamas, 34, 58Hamdulillah musïlmanmïn, al-, 151Hamka (Haji Abdul Malik KarimAmrullah), 203–204Han, 164, 165, 169, 174, 175, 178Hanafi, 19, 108, 109, 164, 343Hanbali, 14, 19, 25, 28, 109, 343Hanolato. See KulubHaq, Maulana Samiul, 111Harar, 217, 221, 222, 224, 229, 233,235, 238celebrations in, 243Eritreans and, 250n7ethnic revival in, 240–241governing structures of, 223invasion of, 247Muslims in, 225, 226, 227regional constitution of, 236research in, 231, 232Harari, 32, 224, 225–226, 229–231,236, 246, 249agreement with, 227Amharic language and, 239classification of, 237dispersal of, 230, 231, 242education for, 228Ethiopian rule and, 223, 244freedom/self-autonomy for, 238Islam and, 242, 243Oromo and, 221, 222, 250n6rebellion of, 247Harari (language), 227, 237, 241dialects of, 239prayer songs in, 243Harari History, Culture, and LanguageSymposium, 241Harari National Council, 237, 241Harari People’s National Regional