378 Indexfounders 72, 260Freyja 97, 98, 119, 177,237, 336Freyr 97, 97–98, 225, 336Frigg 45, 96, 98, 99, 103Fu Shen 98, 323Fujin 98Fukurokuju 98–99, 149,283Fulla 99funerary 22, 217–218, 280Futo-Tama 99Futsu-Nushi-No-Kami 99GGabija 100, 147Gabjauja 100Gad 100Gaganaganja 100Gaia 100–101Eros 93Kronos 163Meter 197Nereus 218Ouranos 237Pan 241Phorkys 247Pontos 249Rhea 266Tethys 310Themis 312Titans 316Gajavahana 101Gal Bapsi 101Galla 101Gallic gods 20, 61–62,91–92, 133. See also specificgods, e.g. : BorvoGanapati 101, 101Ganapatihrdaya 101Ganaskidi 101Gandha 101Gandhari 101Gandha Tara 101Ganesa 101–102Aparajita 24Bharati 51Buddhi 56Durga 83Ganapati 101Gauri 103Heruka 123Kubuddhi 166Maha-Ganapati 181Parna-Savari 243Parvati 244Pustí 256Riddhi 266Siddhi 284Vighnantaka 341Vighnesvaranugramurti341Ganga 102, 125, 195, 244Gangir 102Garmangabis 102Garuda 102Amoghasiddhi 16Khyung-Gai mGo-Can160Krsna 164Lei Kung 173Narayana 214Vaikuntha 333Vaisnavi 334Višnu 343Visvarupa 344Gatumdug 102Gaunab 102–103, 323Gauri 59, 60, 103, 103Gautama Buddha. See BuddhaGayatri 54, 103, 276Geb 103Ennead 91Isis 141Khnum 160Nehebu-Kau 216Nephthys 217Nut 227, 228Osiris 235Seth 281Šu 293Tar 303Tefnut 308Gefjon 103Gemini 102, 104genia loci 55Genius 104Germanic gods ix. See alsoNordic gods; VikingsAlcis 12Donar 81Freyja 97Freyr 97–98Frigg 98Irmin 140Mani 188Ostara 236Othin 236–237Tiwaz 317Ull 328Wodan 348–349Gerra 104, 104Geštin-Ana 104Geštu 104Geus Tasan 104Geus Urvan 104Ghantakarna 104Ghantapani 104Ghasmari 104Ghentu 104Gibil 104Gibini 104Giltine 105Gish 105, 138, 274Giszida 105, 221Gita 105, 172Glaucus 105Glaukos 94, 105Gleti 105Gnostic ChristianityAdamas 3Archon(s) 27Astaphaios 33–34Eloai 89Oraios 234Pistis 248Pronoia 253Sabaoth 269Samael 272Sophia 291–292Yaldabaoth 353Zoe 360goats 311Gobniu 5, 105, 324Gonaqade’t 106Gon-Po Nag-Po 106good fortune. See fortuneGoraknath 106Govannon 105, 106Graces. See GratiaeGrahamatrka 106, 334grain deities 162, 166, 217,222–223, 245. See also cornGramadevata 106Grannus 106, 286Gratiae 64, 106, 118Grdhrasya 106Greco-Roman period. Seealso Greek gods anddeities; Roman gods anddeities; specific gods, e.g.:ErebosAnubis 22Baal 42Bes 50Hephaistos 120–121Himerus 125Hymenaios 132Isis 141, 142Iunones 144Leukothea 174Mandulis 187–188Minos 200Mithra 200Naiades 210–211Napaeae 213Nemesis 217Nereides 218Nike 219–220Okeanides 231–232Ops 234Oreades 234Pan 241Parcae 243Priapos 252–253Satyr 278Semele 279–280Themis 312Greek gods and deities viii,ix, xi. See also Greco-Roman period; specific gods,e.g.: EireneAphrodite 24Apollo 25–26Ares 28Artemis 30Asklepios 32–33Athena 36–37Attis 38Daphne 72Demeter 73Dike 78Dionysos 78–79Eileithyia 86–87Gaia 100–101Glaukos 105Harpina 113Hebe 118Hekate 119Helen 119–120Helios 120Hera 121Herakles 121–122Hermes 122–123Hestia 124Horkos 128Horus 128Hyakinthos 131–132Hygieia 132Iapetos 133Iris 140Kabeiroi 151Kinyras 161Klotho 162Kore 162Kouretes 162Kratos 163Lachesis 170Leto 174Logos 176Meter 197Metis 197Mnemosyne 201Okeanos 232Onuris 233–234Ouranos 237Paiawon 240Peitho 245Perse 246Persephone 246Phanes 247
Index 379Phosphoros 247Polydeukes 249Pontos 249Poseidon 249–250Posis Das 250Prometheus 253Rhea 266Selene 279Sophia 291–292Sothis 292Tethys 310Thetis 313Titans 316Zeus 359–360Zoe 360Grismadevi 106guardian deities. See also dikpala;specific gods, e.g.:Kunado-No-KamiAlad Udug Lama 12Ankalamman 21Anna Perenna 21Anti 21Apacita 23Bes 49–50Chalchiuhtlicue 63Ganesa 102Heimdall 118–119Hung Sheng 131Ina’hitelan 137Kuan Yin 165Kuku-Ki-Waka-Muro-Tsuna-Ne-No-Kami166Kushi-Iwa-Mado-No-Mikoto 168Kutkhu 168–169Lokapala 176Mahapratisara 183Maharaksa 183Mahasitavati 183Mi-Kura-Tana-No-Kami 198Mulindwa 206Na Cha 209Nahi 210Na’nqa-ka’le 213Osande 235Peju’lpe 245Qaitakalnin 258Securita 279Šed 279Si’mskalin 285Sopedu 291Toko’yoto 319Varuna 337Wanka 347Wawki 347Ya’halan 352Ya’halna’ut 352Yama 353Yamantaka 353Yine’ane’ut 355–356Guari 81, 104, 256Gugulanna 92, 106Gujo 106Gukumatz 85, 107Gula 13, 107, 110, 220Gul-Šeš 107Gulsilia Mata 107Gunabibi 107Gundari-Myoo 107Gunnodoyak 107Gunura 107Gur-Gyi Mgon-Po 106,107guru 55Gusilim 107Gwydion 13, 108, 176Gwynn Ap Nudd 26, 108,123HHa 109Hachacyum 2, 58, 109, 110Hachiman 109Hadad 35, 41, 109–110,359Hades 27, 73, 79, 110, 119,122, 123, 196, 234, 246,248, 250, 312Hahana Ku 110Hahanu 110Haida Indians. See NativeAmericansHaili’laj 110Hakea 110Hala 110Halahala 110–111, 288Haldi 44, 111Halki 111Hamadryades 111Hamavehae 111Hammon 111Hammu Mata 111Hammurabi viiiHani(s) 111Hani-Yasu-Hiko 111, 111Hani-Yasu-Hime 111, 111Hannahannas 111, 118,308Hansa 111Hanui-o-rangi 111–112Hanuman 112Han Xiang-zi 41, 111Hao 112Hapy 112, 160, 217Hara 112Hara Ke 112Harakhti 112, 128Hara-Yama-Tsu-Mi 112Hardaul 112–113Harendotes 113, 113Hari 4, 113, 214Hariti 113Harmachis 113, 128Harmonia 28, 113, 191Haroeris 113, 119, 128,304Harpina 113Harpokrates 46, 113, 113,114, 128, 142Harsa 114, 129Harsiese 114, 128Harsomtus 114, 128harvests 152, 234, 237, 274Hasameli 114Hasta 114Hastehogan 114Hastsbaka 114Hastsebaad 114Hastseltsi 114Hastseoltoi 115Hastseyalti 115Hastsezini 115Hatdastsisi 115Hathor 115–116Anat 19Anti 21Anukis 22Bastet 47Harsomtus 114Horus 128Ihy 134Inmutef 139Isis 141Khons(u) 160Nekmet Awai 217Quadeš 258Sakhmet 270Sobek 290Tasenetnofret 304Hatmehyt 46, 116Hatthi 116Haubas 116Hauhet 116, 118, 231Haukim 116Haumea 116, 124Haumiatiketike 116–117Haurun 117Hawaiian gods 116,124–125, 156, 158, 164,170–171, 177, 245. See alsospecific gods, e.g.: PapatuanukuHayagriva 117, 190, 193,243Haya-Ji 117Hayasum 117Hayasya 117Hazzi 117healing. See also health; midwives;physician deities;specific gods, e.g.: OcelusAesculapius 6Ah Uincir Dz’acab 9Apollo 25–26Asklepios 32–33Basamum 47Belenus 48Borvo 53Endouellicus 89Ešmun 94Geb 103Ghantakarna 104Gula 107Hala 110Kamrusepa 156Lenus 173Meditrina 194Nuadu 226–227Sadrapa 270Sirona 286Sukuna-Hikona 295Teteoinnan 310Tozi 322Zapotlantenan 358health 33, 132, 178hearth 40, 64, 124, 144,172, 176, 188, 245–246,312, 340. See also specificgods, e.g.: Hestiaheaven 149Hebat 29, 117–118, 276,310Hebe 87, 118, 121, 149,150Hegemone 118Heh 116, 118, 231Heimdall 118–119, 177Hekate 119, 179, 279Heket 119Hel 45, 119, 123, 127, 213Helen 24, 119–120, 217,360. See also Trojan War;TroyHelios 91, 120, 132, 275,279, 312Hemantadevi 120Hendursaga 120Hephaistos 24, 28, 64,120–121, 151, 255, 345Hera 21, 28, 30, 86, 87,110, 118, 120, 121, 121,140, 174, 325, 359Herakles 10, 28, 37, 118,121, 121–122, 124, 195,218, 253, 359Hercules 2, 122, 231. Seealso Heraklesherdsmen. Seeshepherds/herdsmen
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For Beatrice Elizabeth JordanDictio
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PREFACE TO THESECOND EDITION6It is
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viii Introduction to the First Edit
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x Introduction to the First Edition
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Chronology of the Principal Religio
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2 AbnobaAbnobaForest and river godd
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4 AdidharmaAdidharma (the primeval
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6 AeolosAengus eventually found her
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8 Ah Cancunthe iguana god ITZAM NA.
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10 AhuraniAlthough never popular am
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12 Alad Udug Lamathe crescent moon.
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14 Ama-Tsu-MaraSusano-Wo ascends wi
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16 AmmAmitabha is also taken as a t
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18 Amurruby Amun. A similar scene e
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20 AnbayAnbayLocal tutelary god. Pr
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22 Anu (2)the older Sumerian god AN
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24 Apedemakarrow, shield, snake and
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26 Apsaraspython and the Olympic Cy
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28 ArensnuphisArensnuphis [Greek]Lo
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30 ArsuArsuAstraltutelary god. Pre-
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32 AšertuART REFERENCES none survi
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34 Astarprime parent, ruling the se
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36 ATENthe left half being fishy an
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38 AttarAttarGod of the morning sta
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40 Avetaand is said to live in the
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42 Baal Malagesaid to have gained h
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44 BagbaBagbaAnimistic spirit. West
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46 BanbaBanbaFertility goddess. Cel
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48 BehanzinBehanzinFish god. Fon [B
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50 BethelA dwarfish and hideous, bu
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54 BRAHMABRAHMA (the creator)ORIGIN
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56 BUDDHABUDDHA (enlightened)ORIGIN
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6 CCacochCreator god. Mayan (classi
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60 CandikaCandika (fierce)Goddess o
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Chang Hs’ien 63CENTER(S) OF CULT
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Chu Jung 65ChiccanRain gods. Mayan
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COATLICUE 67tonac. Between them the
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Cybele 69importance. She is best ob
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Damkina 71ART REFERENCES possibly v
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Dena 73over the critical months of
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Dharmadhatuvagisvara 75Color: green
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DIANCECHT 77(night of frustration),
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DISANI 79Dionysos is a deity associ
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Duillae 81Djila’qonsSea goddess.
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DYAUS PITAR 83(spoked disc) of KRSN
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6 EE Alom (conceiver of children)Pr
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EL 87LITERARY SOURCES Theogony and
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ENKI 89EllilCreator god. Mesopotami
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EPONA 91EnneadThe Heliopolis panthe
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Eshu 93depicted drawing, and arrows
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6 FFabulinusMinor god of infants. R
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FREYR 97of fruit and flowers. Her m
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Futsu-Nushi-No-Kami 99He carries a
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GANESA 101witness first, then Gaia
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Gefjon 103of the creator god TSUNIG
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GOBNIU 105GiltineGoddess of death.
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Gusilim 107GukumatzSky god. Mayan (
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H6HaGuardian god. Egyptian. Early d
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Hanui-o-rangi 111with the SAKTI on
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Harpokrates 113India, as a protecto
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HATHOR 115HastseoltoiGoddess of hun
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HEBAT 117bracken which has been tra
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Helen 119came also to be associated
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HERAKLES 121king of Athens. In the
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HERYŠAF 123from a barrel and to br
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Hina 125LAKA, the god of the hula a
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Horagalles 127HODERORIGIN Nordic (I
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Huang Ti 129HoursUnderworld goddess
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Hyakinthos 131Hun HunapuCreator god
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6 IIalonusGod of meadows. Romano-Ce
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I’lena 135TAWHIRIMATEA, the god o
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INANA 137to Imra, at a small town c
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Intercidona 139One of the most impo
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ISIS 141IšaraGoddess of marriage a
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ITZAM NA 143cuneiform texts includi
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Ixtlilton 145IuturnaGoddess of spri
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6 JJabruSky god. Elamite [Iran]. Lo
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Junrojin 149Jaya-Vijaya (victorious
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6 KKa TyeleoCreator god. Senufo [Iv
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Kalika 153(rotating wheel) and one
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Kamini 155with a line of honey bees
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Katajalina 157Kapalini (carrying a
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Khasa 159KebechetChthonic snake god
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Klehanoai 161Ki (the great one)Arch
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KRSNA 163KourotrophosObscure wet-nu
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Kubaba 165The most powerful figure
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Kun-Rig 167Kulika (of good family)S
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Kyumbe 169depicted as a salacious c
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Lan Cai-he 171islanders in a hedoni
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Lesa 173LEBIEN-POGIL (owner of the
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Liu Pei 175regarded as being genera
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Lu Pan 177KNOWN PERIOD OF WORSHIP V
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Lupercus 179LunaMoon goddess. Roman
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Maha-Ganapati 181from girl to hag a
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Mahasthama(prapta) 183MahaprabhuTut
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Malamanganga’e 185MaiaChthonic or
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Mandulis 187MamlamboRiver goddess.
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MARDUK 189red or yellow. Attributes
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Mata 191centered at Gaza at the Mar
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Mayajalakrama-Kurukulla 193MatsyaIn
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Mena 195contrast to this imagery, h
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Mictlantecuhtli 197MessorMinor god
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MINERVA 199An AESIR god who lives i
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Moccus 201MitiMaternal spirit. Kory
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MORRIGAN 203numerous smaller sanctu
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Mujaji 205sister ANAT, who slays Mo
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Mutinus 207the council of gods. His
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N6NA CHA (here is a loud cry)ORIGIN
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NAMMU 211fresh waters by the great
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Nara 213honor. He was considered to
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Nebethetpet 215took pity on him and
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Nephthys 217and, on reaching the de
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Nike 219NJORD. Tacitus alludes to h
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NINHURSAG˜ A 221the sun god. She w
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Nintu 223god Nana, she also conceiv
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Nona 2252. God. Buddhist. A dikpala
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NUT 227One of the TUATHA DE DANANN
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Nze 229NzapaCreator god. Ngbandi [D
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Okeanides 231great heroic Yoruba go
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Onuris 233OmacatlMinor god of feast
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OSIRIS 235times as a supreme god an
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Oxlahun Ti Ku 237lives in the Hall
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6 PPa-bil-sagTutelary god of Isin.
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Pancanana 241PalaemonMinor sea god.
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Parna-Savari 243known chiefly from
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Penates 245Pavana (purifier)God of
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Pidray 247PeruwaHorse god. Hittite.
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POSEIDON 249PolerammaPlague goddess
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Prajnavardhani 251in Oxchuc, and th
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Proserpina 253guardian of mariners.
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Pu’gu 255abducted as an infant fr
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Pwyll 257PusyaMinor goddess of fort
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Quiahuitl 259typically ancient Near
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6 RRADHA (prosperity)ORIGIN Hindu (
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RATNASAMBHAVA 263RanStorm goddess.
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Revanta 265“Eye of Re” is a ver
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Rudra 267ance of the rainbow. He is
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6 SSaChthonic creator god. Kono [ea
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Salus 271“eye of Re.” She is so
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Saning Sari 273Samvara (keeping out
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SARASVATI 275SaptamataraGeneric tit
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Satis 277Sarvapayanjaha (remover of
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Semele 279ADITYAS, all of whom take
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SETH 281SešatGoddess of libraries
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Shina-Tsu-Hime 283ShaniAstral god a
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Sina 285SiduriMinor goddess of brew
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Sitatara 287and passing comments in
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Sobek 289consort of the god NJORD.
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SOPHIA 291and the emperor Aurelian
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Subhadra 293Sri(devi) (prosperity)1
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Šulman(u) 295sources of irrigation
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SURYA (1) 297various arts and skill
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Syamatara 299SvaraghosarajaPhysicia
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Tam Kung 301shamanism and with the
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Tara 303TAKERE, he was plucked from
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Tatosi 305Tate Hautse Kupuri (mothe
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Tecciztecatl 307Ta’xetGod of deat
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Terra Mater 309(the Finnish legend
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TEZCATLIPOCA 311Teuhcatl (he of Teu
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THOTH 313ThetisGoddess of rivers an
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TIN HAU 315TienoltsodiGod of oceans
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Tlalehitonatiuh 317power. One of th
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Tomwo’get 319Tloque Nahauque (rul
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Toyo-Uke-Bime 321Tornarssuk (big to
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Tu (2) 323parts of the world—heav
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Tzultacah 325fields and is capable
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- Page 349 and 350: VAIROCANA 333VahguruCreator god. Si
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- Page 361 and 362: Vyasa 345VrtraDemonic god of chaos.
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- Page 369 and 370: Yamm 353YaksasTree spirits. Hindu.
- Page 371 and 372: Yine’ane’ut 355ble, with BAIAME
- Page 373 and 374: Yu-ti 357He is often accompanied by
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- Page 377 and 378: BIBLIOGRAPHY6AfricaChidester, D. Af
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- Page 383 and 384: INDEX6Note: Boldface numbersindicat
- Page 385 and 386: Index 369Amma (2) (African) 16Ammav
- Page 387 and 388: Index 371Ixquimilli-Itzlacoliuhqui1
- Page 389 and 390: Index 373‘bull roarer’ instrume
- Page 391 and 392: Index 375Kasyapa 157Khasa 159Ksama
- Page 393: Index 377Ningal 220Ningikuga 221Nin
- Page 397 and 398: Index 381Ihy 134Isis 142Min 199Neit
- Page 399 and 400: Index 383justice 78, 145, 213, 217,
- Page 401 and 402: Index 385Freyja 97Hathor 115-116Kam
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- Page 417 and 418: Index 401Višnu Trivikrama 343Visva
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