(XPS)-2 - Washington State University

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PlasmonsThis feature is specific to clean surfaces.The photoelectron excites collectiveoscillations in the conduction band (freeelectrongas), so called Plasmons. (discreteenergy loss).353025x 10 3XPS Sp Si 2sSi 2sThe plasmon (bulk) energy isn: e density, e: charge of e,m: mass of e electron.h ω =p4πneh(m2)1/ 2CPS2015105plasmonplasmonSurface plasmon: bulk plasmon / 1.414.195 190 185 180 175 170 165 160 155 150 145Binding Energy (eV)Washington State University--Pullman, WAFor Al, Mg, Na etc… the energies are 15.3 eV, 10.6 eV and 5.7 eV, respectively.
Auger featuresAuger electron emission occurs also when x-rays impinge a sample. Augerelectron is initiated by the creation of an ion with an inner shell vacancy.surveyAuger electrons are emittedx 10in the relaxation of the excited480Cu 2p Peaks70ion. An electron from a higherlying energy level fills the inner60shell vacancy with the simultaneous 50emission of an Auger electron.40It is a three-electron process.3 Distinct Auger Peaks areseen in the data for CopperCPS302010Cu2sWashington State University--Pullman, WACu Auger Peaks1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0Binding Energy (eV)O1sCu3sCu3p
Page 5 and 6: Six features seen in a typical XPS
Page 7 and 8: F 1s peakSharp Peak (core level)O 1
Page 9 and 10: Vacancy created by photoionization
Page 11: Shake-up satellites: distinct peaks
Page 15 and 16: x 10 3Oxidized surfaces12Cr 2p ---d
Page 17 and 18: Chemical BondingThe curve fitting o
Page 19 and 20: Intensity ratio is given by (2j - +
Page 21: Static Charging (cont.)Auger: Sampl
Page 24 and 25: Peak Widths and IntensitiesPeak wid
Page 26 and 27: Quantitative Analysis (cont.)Sx=( A

(XPS)-2 - Washington State University

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