The Emergence of Jim Crow - America in Class

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Social SubjugationTo maintain this economic system, white Southerners had to sociallysubjugate black Southerners. They created a system that degraded allblack people and branded them with daily reminders of the inferiority.They wanted to prevent the development of a black middle class,which would have been proof that blacks were not inferior.How segregation spread:‣ Education‣ Facilities‣ Transportationamericainclass.org 20
Colorphobia in the Memphis Schools,Cleveland Gazette, March 8, 1884The schools of Memphis are all torn up on a delicate question. A child managed toslip into one of the public schools which, because of the kinkiness of the hair, wassuspected of having colored blood in its veins. Its mother claims that it is of purewhite extraction, and there is nothing in its appearance, other than the tendency ofits hair to “kink,” to raise a doubt of the mother’s veracity. There has been a highold time over it, all the same. The child has been examined by experts, solemn councilshave been held, and the whole city thrown into convulsions of discussion. Should it beultimately made plain that a child so nearly white as to make a decision doubtful, hasbeen admitted to the public school, but has an invisible mixture of African blood in itsveins, the schools will have to be suspended till fumigation of the buildings andpurgation of the white children have wiped out the terrible taint.The above is from the Gate City Press, and gives one an idea as to the height in theestimation of the chivalrous white brutes of the South the colored man has reached. Wedetest the abominable separate schools system because it savors of Bourbonism andbreeds just such prejudices as was manifested in Memphis.Discussion Questions‣ How difficult was it to enforce segregation?‣ What kind of laws did white Southerners need to invent in order to make it work?americainclass.org 21
Page 1 and 2: The Emergence of Jim CrowAn Online
Page 3 and 4: The Emergence of Jim CrowLIBRARY OF
Page 5 and 6: From the Forum‣ When did Jim Crow
Page 7 and 8: Essential UnderstandingTo understan
Page 9 and 10: OverviewWhere were African American
Page 11 and 12: OverviewJim Crow is a political, ec
Page 13 and 14: North Carolina Black Code,An Act to
Page 15 and 16: Mississippi Black CodeVagrancy LawS
Page 17 and 18: Memphis Free SpeechFounded in 1888
Page 19: Address at Tremont Temple in the Bo
Page 23 and 24: 1883: Supreme Court Overturns 1875
Page 25 and 26: Memphis Appeal-Avalanche, December
Page 27 and 28: The “Jim Crow” Car,Richmond Pla
Page 29 and 30: Plessy v. Ferguson, 1897Plessy v. F
Page 31 and 32: Jim Crow Spreads‣ Labor/Economic
Page 33 and 34: North Carolina’s white supremacy
Page 35 and 36: African American ResistanceDid Afri
Page 37 and 38: Expansion of Jim Crowamericainclass
Page 39 and 40: “Chicago Whites Urge Race Segrega
Page 41: Final slideThank You.This seminar i

The Emergence of Jim Crow - America in Class

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