evropska konvencija o krajini - Ministrstvo za infrastrukturo in prostor

the processes of enculturation. Thus landscapefeatures act as message carriers. A number ofsuch conceptions influence our relationship withthis environment, our behaviour and the conceptionswe convey to others. The process is repetitive,meaning that landscape are evaluated andtransformed according to a certain generallyaccepted, idealized image, which does not necessarilymatching the spatial reality.46Delavnica 1 / Workshop 13. Razglednica »Rodna gruda« (Maksim Gaspari) iz časa pred drugosvetovno vojno.Rodna gruda (»Native soil«) by Maksim Gaspari, pre-World War IIpostcard.prostoru/krajini, da pa lahko ob njih mirno inbrez konfliktov sprejemajo tudi družbenosplošno sprejete predstave. To je zelo jasnopokazala raziskava, opravljena leta 1995 naprimeru Slovenije, potrdilo pa jo je tudi pilotskopreizkušanje pred nekaj leti (2002). Rezultati izjavnega mnenja so potrdili ugotovitve izsemiološke analize likovnih predstavitevslovenskega prostora v turistični in političnipropagandi. Pokazali so, da se identiteta niopredeljevala samo s simbolnimi kraji, temvečtudi s posebnimi krajinskimi tipi, ki epitomizirajonacionalni prostor 5 .Pridobivanje spoznanj o družbeni zaznavinacionalnega prostora oziroma krajinskeidentitete ozemlja, na katerem živimo, pa se nizadovoljilo le z iskanjem fenomenoloških vidikovnacionalne topografije, temveč je prodrlo tudi vvzročno-posledične soodvisnosti in razkrilovzroke in procese, ki pri nas usmerjajo prostorskirazvoj in s katerimi se ustvarja predstava oistovetnosti slovenskih krajin. Ta namreč izhajaiz naše (narodove) samoopredelitve, iz našegaskupnega dojemanja prostora, v katerem živimoin sledi vrednostnim opredelitvam, določenim združbenim sistemom simbolov, nastalih v skupnikulturni zgodovini. Slovenija je zato odličenprimer zaradi dveh razlogov. Prvič, ker se jekoncem 20. stoletja ponovno pojavila potrebapo utrjevanju nacionalne identitete, ki je za svojcilj uporabljala tudi krajinske podobe inprispodobe in je bilo vlogi krajine v nacionalnimitologiji lahko slediti in situ in drugič, ker setakoj izpostavi vprašanje, ali je ob izpričani(stvarni) geografski in kulturni raznolikostislovenskega ozemlja sploh možen (in ustrezen)obstoj ene in enotne, časovno stabilne in sWhy the use of plural in the term conception?None of these conceptions is an absolute category;they can replace each other in the currentlypredominant position. Now one and thenanother significance layer of the conceptioncome to the fore. This means there are certainlymore conceptions of space, which differ withinsocial groups and gain their importance accordingto specific current needs. Needs are not onlypragmatic; they are also ideological, such as theneed for establishing or preserving national identity;they are topical at certain moments: they areneither inherent nor ordinary. The research onthe modern social conception of Slovene spaceclearly revealed that individuals, while havingtheir own conceptions of the environment, caneasily and without any conflicts adopt generallyaccepted social conceptions 5 . The results of thepublic opinion survey confirmed the findings ofa semiotic analysis of pictorial presentations oflandscapes in tourist and political propaganda.They showed that in course of history, nationalidentity is defined not only by symbolic placesbut also by special landscape types that epitomizethe national space.While attempting to understand the social perceptionof national space – of the landscapeidentity of the territory of a certain nation – thesearch for the phenomenological issues of nationaltopography was not in itself satisfactory.It was necessary to penetrate the causalinterdependencies and reveal motifs, causesand processes that direct spatial developmentand are basic constituents of the concept of thespatial identity of Slovenian landscapes. Thisconcept emerges from the national self-definition,from mutual and collective spatial perceptionsand follows the social system of values thatwas developed in common cultural history.Slovenia made an excellent case for such astudy for two reasons. First, at the end of thetwentieths century the needs for a reinforcementof a national identity came for various reasons(again) to the fore and while landscape