evropska konvencija o krajini - Ministrstvo za infrastrukturo in prostor

36Delavnica 1 / Workshop 1prostorskega planiranja in varstva okolja.Razpoka med potrebnim nadzorom nadprostorskim razvojem in šibkostjo malih občin jepostala pomemben problem. Državna administracijaje začela prevzemati več odgovornostiin neposrednega vpletanja v proces odločanja.Ker je bil omenjeni projekt tako pomembendosežek, bi pričakovali, da so bili njegovi rezultatiustrezno izkoriščeni. Toda to se ni zgodilo.Rezultati projekta, ki so javno dostopni, seuporabljajo pretežno kor leksikon slovenskihkrajin. To seveda ni nepomembno. Toda najboljpričakovani učinki projekta, to je vpliv naupravljanje krajin, ni bil dosežen. Tudi predlaganisistem neposrednega varstva izjemnih krajin nibil še uveljavljen.Slabosti celostnega premišljanja in močsektorjevKaj je vzrok, da rezultati teh naporov niso bilipolno izrabljeni? Kulturna krajina je pojem, ki gaje ustvarilo celostno premišljanje o vidnemokolju. To je sintezni koncept. Dejavnost urejanjakrajine ne pripada nobenemu od sektorjev, ki sodejavni v zunaj mestnem nepozidanemprostoru, kot so kmetijstvo, gozdarstvo,vodarstvo in nenazadnje, tudi varstvo narave. Podrugi strani pa se urejanje krajine lahko opirasamo na dejavnosti, ki jih določen sektor izvajav krajini. Pričakovali smo, da bo sistemsubvencioniranja, ki se je v Sloveniji uveljavil vzadnjih 15 letih, mogoče izkoristiti za to, da bidosegli cilje upravljanja kulturne krajine in da bos tem mogoče uresničiti smernice za upravljanjekrajine. Zlasti še, ker so tvorci nove kmetijskepolitike neprestano poudarjali, da je ena odvelikih nalog kmetijstva varstvo kulturne krajine.Na žalost pa kmetijski sektor tega ni bilpripravljen udejanjiti. Isto velja tudi za drugesektorje, ko se soočajo s tem vprašanjem. Vsaksektor želi planirati prostor sam. Vsak sektor sedrži svojih ciljev in želi ohraniti odgovornosti zarazvoj in upravljati ‘lastni vrtiček’. Je to posledicabolj centraliziranega sistema upravljanja? Je tozgolj izraz močne državne administracije? Ali staoba razloga samo dve plati iste medalje? Težkoje določiti pravi vzrok za take premike v sistemuodločanja. Obstaja pa resna grožnja, da boprostorsko planiranje zaradi takega sektorskegazapiranja opustilo zamisel o nujnosti celovitegaplaniranja in spremenilo prostorske plane vzlepljenko sektorsko sprejetih odločitev. Takopravzaprav tudi ni nenavadno, da ostajament and conservation (Marušič J., JančičM., 1998, p. 31).Whole project was well in accordance with thegoals European Landscape Convention has established.It focused on two of three landscapepolicies: landscape conservation and landscapemanagement. The project was concluded in1998 when the final report was published. Bythe end of 90-ties all three landscape policiesdefined by European Landscape Conventionwere already applied in Slovenia. It was shortlybefore Slovenia signed and ratified the EuropeanLandscape Convention (signed in 2000, ratifiedin 2003).The shift from landscape planning towards landscapeconservation and management was a significantfeature. It is important to state that thisshift coincided with the redefinition of the administrativesystem in Slovenia. The newSlovenian constitution established a much morecentralized political system. The old municipalitieswere split down to smaller administrativeunits unable to establish their own expert support,especially in the field of physical planningand environmental conservation. The gap betweenneeded control over the spatial developmentand weakness of the small municipalitiesbecame an important issue. The state governmentstarted to assume much more responsibilitiesand direct involvement into decision makingprocess.As the project was such an important achievementone would expect that the results of theproject were adequately exploited. But this wasnot the case. The outcomes of the project whichare accessible to everybody are mostly used asthe encyclopedia of Slovenian landscapes. It isnot unimportant, at all. But the most expectedeffects of the project, i. e. the impact on landscapemanagement practices has not beenachieved. Even the proposed system of directprotection of outstanding Slovenian landscapeshas not been directly implemented.Weakness of comprehensive thinking andstrength of sectorsWhat is the reason that the results of all theseefforts were not fully exploited? Cultural landscapeis a notion that grew out of a comprehensivethinking about the visible environment. It isa synthetic concept. The activity of making land-