evropska konvencija o krajini - Ministrstvo za infrastrukturo in prostor

34Delavnica 1 / Workshop 1Kar bi rad tu poudaril, je pomembnost procesasprejemanja odločitev, ki je, tako mislim, vprizadevanjih za ustrezen razvoj krajin celopomembnejši kot fizična podoba krajin samih.Poglavitni cilji prizadevanj, ki jih Svet Evropevlaga v uresničevanje Evropske konvencije okrajini, naj ne bi bilo obravnavanje krajin samihpo sebi, njihovo spoznavanje in inventarizacija,niti njihova fizična zgradba, njihova vidnapodoba, temveč proces njihovega spreminjanja,namernega ali spontanega. Naj to povemdrugače. Vse preveč smo zaposleni z materialnoplatjo krajin, njihovo podobo, medtem konevidno stran, to je celotno strukturo odločitev,ki vplivajo na podobo krajine, zelo lahkospregledamo.Kratko predavanje o zgodovini krajinskegaplaniranja v SlovenijiNaj pojasnim nekatere od gornjih tez s kratkimpregledom skrbi, ki smo jo v Sloveniji posvečalikrajini v zadnjih desetletjih.Krajinsko planiranje se je v Sloveniji začelokoncem 60-tih let. Leta 1970 je dama SylviaCrowe, članica Komisije za krajinsko planiranjepri Mednarodni uniji za varstvo narave – IUCN,obiskala Ljubljano. Predstavila je referat namednarodni konferenci Ceste in krajina.Dve leti kasneje smo v Ljubljani gostili drugomednarodno konferenco z naslovom Krajinskoplaniranje. Za ta dogodek je prof. Dušan Ogrinuspel pridobiti nekaj najbolj eminentnihkrajinskih planerjev tistega časa. Če pogledamonazaj, je bila konferenca zares pomembendogodek v evropskem merilu. O planerskihmetodah so razpravljali taki planerji kot prof. CarlSteinitz, prof. Konrad Buchwald in prof. MetoVroom. V 70-tih so slovenski krajinski planerjirazvili ali privzeli mnogo orodij za varstvo in zarazvoj krajin in prostora sploh. V 80-tih je razvojkrajinskega planiranja postal tako prepričljiv, daje bilo krajinsko planiranje vključeno vzakonodajo. 1984 leta je Zakon o urejanjuprostora uzakonil krajinsko zasnovo kotdokument, s katerim naj bi urejali tistapodeželska območja, ki bi bila spoznana kotpomembna zaradi njihovih kakovosti ali zaradiogroženosti. Tudi presojanje vplivov na okolje jetedaj postalo pomemben del krajinskegaplaniranja. Krajinsko planiranje je biloprepoznano kot učinkovito orodje celovitegaplaniranja prostora v podeželskem prostoru. NaWhat I would like to stress here is the importanceof the decision making process, which is,according to my opinion, even more importantthan the physical appearance of the landscapesthemselves, when an adequate evolution oflandscape is in question. The main goal of theefforts Council of Europe is giving into the implementationof European Landscape Conventionshould not be landscapes themselves, neithertheir inventory and recognition or evaluation, northeir physical structure or their visual appearancealone, but the processes within which thelandscapes are changed, intentionally or spontaneously.Let me put this in another way. Weare all too much concerned by the material sideof the landscapes, their appearance, while theimportance of the invisible side, i. e. the wholestructure of decisions that may influence thelandscapes, can be very easily overlooked.A brief lecture on Slovenian landscape planninghistoryLet me illustrate the points given above with ashort overview of the Slovenian care for landscapesin the last decades.Landscape planning was introduced into thiscountry in the late 60-ties of the last century. In1970, dame Sylvia Crowe, member of the Landscapeplanning Committee at the InternationalUnion of Conservation of Nature (IUCN) visitedLjubljana. She gave a lecture at the InternationalConference Roads and Landscape. Two yearslater Ljubljana hosted another International Conferenceunder the title Landscape Planning. Forthat event, Prof. Dušan Ogrin succeeded inbringing to Ljubljana some of the most prominentlandscape planners of the time. Lookingback, the Conference was indeed an importantevent. The landscape planning methodologieswere discussed by such authors as Prof. CarlSteinitz and Prof. Meto Vroom. In 70-tiesSlovenian landscape planners adopted or developedmany tools for conservation as well as forthe development of landscapes and physicalspace. In the 80-ties the development of landscapeplanning methodologies was so convincingthat landscape planning became part of theSlovenian legislation. In 1984, The Law on SpatialPlanning established landscape plan as adocument aimed to control the development ofcountryside areas that are recognized as importantfrom the conservation point of view or areasthat are threatened by a substantial change. At