13.07.2015 Views

evropska konvencija o krajini - Ministrstvo za infrastrukturo in prostor

evropska konvencija o krajini - Ministrstvo za infrastrukturo in prostor

evropska konvencija o krajini - Ministrstvo za infrastrukturo in prostor

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

Create successful ePaper yourself

Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.

odkrivanje vseh mogočih vplivov. Zelopomemben je uč<strong>in</strong>ek soli, ki se na cestahuporablja pozimi, na ekosistem. Preko prenosapo zraku, vodi <strong>in</strong> prsti se klorid širi na večrazličnih nač<strong>in</strong>ov <strong>in</strong> njegovo nabiranje vhabitatih lahko ogrozi številne vrste. Zaradi tegasmo preučili najnovejše znanstvene raziskave natem področju. Z uporabo tega raziskovalnegagradiva smo določili količ<strong>in</strong>ske mejne vrednosti<strong>za</strong> določene vrste, kot so ribe ali navadni škržek.S pomočjo zbiralnih bazenov <strong>in</strong> čistilnih jam <strong>za</strong>onesnaženo vodo lahko vpliv soli (kloridov)ocenimo <strong>in</strong> obvladujemo.Gradnja mostov po vzoru najboljših praks <strong>za</strong>boljše funkcionalne pove<strong>za</strong>ve med habitatiŠe eno pomembno ocenjevalno področje brezdobro opredeljenih rešitev je izolacija vrst, ki jopovzroči cestna ovira. L<strong>in</strong>ije pove<strong>za</strong>v običajnosledijo strukturi kraj<strong>in</strong>e. Poškodbe teh pove<strong>za</strong>v bilahko kar najbolj zmanjšali z enostavnimiizboljšavami tehničnih konstrukcij, na primer zizgradnjo širših <strong>in</strong> višjih mostov. Po eni strani jebilo treba raziskati dejansko izmenjavo vrst medhabitati ali populacijami, po drugi strani je bilotreba najti najboljše prakse <strong>za</strong> tehnične rešitve.Manjša študija vegetacije pod mostovi <strong>in</strong>cestnimi koridorji je bila <strong>za</strong>ključena <strong>in</strong>dokumentirana. Poka<strong>za</strong>la je na primer, da mostviš<strong>in</strong>e okrog 15 m dopušča rast poplavnihdreves pod mostom.5. Ocene vpliva ustreznih habitatov <strong>in</strong> vrstNATURA 2000Ustrezni habitati <strong>in</strong> vrste kot enote <strong>za</strong>raziskovanjeNa standardnem podatkovnem obrazcu dvehpreiskovanih območij NATURA so kot razlog <strong>za</strong>varstvo območja navedene štiri vrste <strong>in</strong> osemhabitatov z več značilnimi vrstami. Rezultatikartiranja <strong>in</strong> terenskih študij so bili uporabljeni <strong>za</strong>izbris tistih habitatov, ki se na preiskovanemobmočju očitno ne pojavljajo. Takšni so bili štirjehabitati. V drugem koraku smo ocenili možnivpliv na ustrezne habitate. Dve vrsti sta biliizločeni, ker pričakovani vpliv ceste nanju ne bibil pomemben. Tako je bilo potrebno upoštevatipreostale štiri habitate <strong>in</strong> dve vrsti.Obstajajo določeni cilji ohranitve, ki veljajo <strong>za</strong>vse habitate <strong>in</strong> vrste. So merilo uspešnosti <strong>za</strong>naslednjo oceno vplivov.nary. In fact there was less real floodpla<strong>in</strong> woodfound than had been anticipated.One further result of the new mapp<strong>in</strong>g and assessmentwas to identify those woods whichcould be developed as restoration habitats <strong>in</strong>case of a requirement to complete the coherentnetwork.Assess<strong>in</strong>g the impact of salt used for road deic<strong>in</strong>gand modell<strong>in</strong>g the diffusionS<strong>in</strong>ce water related habitats and species are themost precious elements <strong>in</strong> the <strong>in</strong>vestigatedNATURA sites, great effort was placed on f<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>gout all possible impacts. Very important isthe effect of salt, which is used on the road <strong>in</strong>w<strong>in</strong>tertime, on the ecosystem. Via air, water andsoil transportation the chloride is spread<strong>in</strong>g out<strong>in</strong> several different ways, and the accumulation<strong>in</strong> the habitats may damage several species.Therefore the most recent scientific researches<strong>in</strong> this area were exam<strong>in</strong>ed. Us<strong>in</strong>g this researchmaterial quantitative threshold values were determ<strong>in</strong>edfor the relevant species such as fishesor fresh water mussels.By means of retention pools and clear<strong>in</strong>g pits forthe polluted water the impact of salt (chlorides)become assessable and manageable.Best practice bridge constructions for betterfunctional correlations between habitatsA further important assessment area withoutwell-def<strong>in</strong>ed solutions is the isolat<strong>in</strong>g of speciescaused by the road barrier. The connection l<strong>in</strong>esusually follow the landscape structure. The damageon these connections could be m<strong>in</strong>imisedby simple improvements to technical constructions,for example by build<strong>in</strong>g wider and higherbridges. As build<strong>in</strong>g costs can rise rapidlythrough such measures, an accurate considerationof costs and benefits is necessary. On theone hand the actual <strong>in</strong>terchang<strong>in</strong>g of speciesbetween habitats or populations had to be <strong>in</strong>vestigated,on the other hand best practices fortechnical solutions had to be found. A smallstudy of vegetation below bridges and <strong>in</strong> roadpassages was completed and documented. Itshows for example that a bridge height of about15m may allow the establishment of floodpla<strong>in</strong>trees beneath a bridge.275Delavnica 3 / Workshop 3

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!