evropska konvencija o krajini - Ministrstvo za infrastrukturo in prostor

272Delavnica 3 / Workshop 3da so se leta 2004 pojavila tri nova območjaNATURA, ki se dotikajo načrtovane ceste.Nekateri nasprotniki so v teh spremembah videlipriložnost za tožbo z namenom zakasnitveprojekta. Leta 2005 je sodišče odločilo, da jeodobreni načrt potrebno izboljšati z oceno vplivana nova območja NATURA.Naslednje opombe služijo kot ilustracijatrenutno načrtovanega projekta in metodološkegapristopa za ocenjevanje in zmanjšanjevpliva na območja NATURA. Gre za napredenprimer tehnik načrtovanja krajine v povezavi sspecifikacijami evropskega sistema varovanjahabitatov.2. Opis izgradnje avtoceste in območjaraziskavIzgradnja, delovanje in vzdrževanje avtoceste:Nov odsek avtoceste se razprostira 33 kilometrovdaleč v območje raziskav. Štirje pasovi(vključno z odstavnimi pasovi) imajo standardniprečni presek 26 metrov. Po celotni dolžiniavtoceste so načrtovani štirje razcepi. Gostotaprometa je ocenjena na do 43.000 avtomobilov/nadan.Cesta vodi čez 13 mostov, ki prečkajo rečnedoline. Njihova širina v razponu znaša od 15 mdo 580 m in njihova višina med 3 m do 24 m.Zraven ceste je potrebno zgraditi še več novihcest in prehodov nad avtocesto. Druge gradnjev povezavi s cesto so zbiralniki za odtočno vodo,čiščenje in pronicanje vode. Odsek avtocesteprav tako vključuje pobočje na obeh straneh.Na tem območju se postavijo protihrupnazaščita in zelenje (drevesa in grmičje za boljšospojitev ceste z naravnim okoljem).Krajina in naravni viri na območju raziskav:Na območju raziskav je krajina gričevnata, nezelo gosto poseljena. Glavni elementi krajine somale gozdne enote in kmetijsko zemljišče, vglavnem polja in pašniki na neugodnih lokacijah.Majhne strukture habitatov znotraj polj se redkopojavijo.Obstajata dva večja rečna sistema, ki staoblikovala doline, ki jih načrtovana cesta prečka.Povezani vodni sistem glavne doline pokrivaokrog 650 hektarov.Biotope, ki so z ekološkega stališča redki indragoceni, večinoma najdemo v povezavi zThe planning approval order for the first sectionwas made in 2001. In the meantime the State ofBavaria completed its net of NATURA sites, sothat from the year of 2004 on three newNATURA sites, which touch the planned route,emerged. Some opponents were motivated bythese changes to go to law in order to delay thisproject. The court decided in 2005 that the planningapproval needed to be improved by assessingthe impact of the new NATURA sites.The following remarks should illustrate one currentplanning project and the methodologicalapproach for assessing and reducing the impacton NATURA sites. It is an advanced example forLandscape Planning techniques in combinationwith the specifications of the European habitatprotection system.2. Description of the motorway constructionand the area of investigationsConstruction, operation and maintenance ofthe motorway:The new part of the motorway stretches out over33 kilometres in the investigation area. The fourlanes (including the emergency lanes) have astandard cross section of 26 meters. Over thelength of the motorway four junctions areplanned. The traffic impact is estimated at up to43.000 cars/ per day.The route leads over 13 bridges crossing rivervalleys. Their span width varies from 15m to580m and their height from between 3m to24m.Additional to the road construction several newroads and crossings over the motorway havealso to be built. Other construction in connectionwith the road are reservoirs for drainage,cleaning and water infiltration. The section ofthe motorway also includes the slope on bothsides. This is the area where noise protectionfacilities and greenery (trees and shrubs for anbetter implementation of the road in the naturalscenery) are set.Landscape and natural resources and in thearea of investigation:The landscape in the investigation area is hillyformed and not very densely populated. Themain elements of the landscape are small forestunits and agricultural land, in general fields andgrassland on unfavourable locations. Smaller habitatstructures within the fields appear seldom.