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evropska konvencija o krajini - Ministrstvo za infrastrukturo in prostor

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264Delavnica 3 / Workshop 3obalnih kraj<strong>in</strong>. Seveda tudi izkoriščanje naravnihvirov v odprtem <strong>prostor</strong>u (izkoriščanje m<strong>in</strong>eralov,kmetijstvo, rekreacija <strong>in</strong> podobno) povzročane<strong>za</strong>nemarljive spremembe kraj<strong>in</strong>e.Obveznosti sredozemskih državBarcelonska <strong>konvencija</strong> 4 <strong>za</strong>hteva, da se »Strankepodpisnice morajo obve<strong>za</strong>ti, da bodo celovitoupravljale obalna območja <strong>in</strong> pri tem skrbele <strong>za</strong>varovanje območij pomembnih <strong>za</strong>radi ekoloških<strong>in</strong> kraj<strong>in</strong>skih vrednosti, <strong>in</strong> da bodo racionalnoizrabljale naravne vire«. Prav tako tudiimplementacijski dokumenti poudarjajo ciljeurejanja kraj<strong>in</strong>e, kot na primer MAP Fa<strong>za</strong> IIAkcijski plan <strong>in</strong> Prioritetna področja <strong>za</strong> ukrepanjeiz 1995, kjer so se države <strong>za</strong>ve<strong>za</strong>le »spoštovat<strong>in</strong>aravo <strong>in</strong> varovati ter izboljševati lokacije <strong>in</strong>kraj<strong>in</strong>e ekoloških <strong>in</strong> kulturnih vrednosti«.Poleg MAP-a so tudi številne druge mednarodneorgani<strong>za</strong>cije, ob <strong>in</strong>iciativah posameznih držav,sprejele pravne <strong>in</strong>strumente, ki se <strong>za</strong>vzemajo <strong>za</strong>varovanje kraj<strong>in</strong>e, posredno ali neposredno, kotna primer UNESCO, Svet Evrope <strong>in</strong> EU. EvropskaKraj<strong>in</strong>ska <strong>konvencija</strong>, ki je bila sprejeta podokriljem Sveta Evrope leta 2000 <strong>in</strong> postalaobvezujoča pred kratkim, je <strong>za</strong>dnji tak <strong>in</strong>strument,popolnoma posvečen <strong>kraj<strong>in</strong>i</strong>.Kljub vsem tem obljubam obalne kraj<strong>in</strong>e vSredozemlju nikoli niso bile predmet celovitihartificial landscape patterns are created (l<strong>in</strong>earand <strong>in</strong>organic forms).Most of the above issues are <strong>in</strong>terrelated, provid<strong>in</strong>gfor a rather complex grid of relationships.However, one may identify coastal urbanisationas a rather critical process, responsible to agreat extent for the deterioration of the coastallandscapes, both of the terrestrial and of themar<strong>in</strong>e parts of the coastal areas. However, theuse of natural resources <strong>in</strong> open areas (m<strong>in</strong>eralextraction, agriculture, recreation, etc.) can createsignificant changes of landscapes, too.Commitments of the Mediterranean countriesThe Barcelona Convention 4 states that »Contract<strong>in</strong>gParties shall commit themselves to promotethe <strong>in</strong>tegrated management of coastalzones, tak<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>to account the protection of areasof ecological and landscape <strong>in</strong>terest and therational use of natural resources«. Also, other implementationdocuments put landscape managementas an objective, such as MAP Phase IIAction Plan and Priority Fields of Activities(1995), where countries commit themselves »topromote nature, and protect and enhance sitesand landscapes of ecological or cultural values«.A plethora of other <strong>in</strong>ternational organisations,<strong>in</strong> addition to national <strong>in</strong>itiatives, have issued le-50. Države podpisniceBarcelonske konvencijeContract<strong>in</strong>g Parties to theBarcelona Convention

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