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evropska konvencija o krajini - Ministrstvo za infrastrukturo in prostor

evropska konvencija o krajini - Ministrstvo za infrastrukturo in prostor

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– izvajanje sanacij, kjer je potrebno, <strong>za</strong> odpravovidnejših poškodb.3.) funkcionalne; nanašajo se na <strong>in</strong>strumente,ki <strong>za</strong>devajo nač<strong>in</strong> rabe <strong>prostor</strong>a. Do izra<strong>za</strong>pridejo v območjih z urejenim načrtomupravljanja, npr.:– pospeševati gojitev <strong>za</strong>tečenih ali ponovnouvajanje tradicionalnih posevkov kot so lan,proso, ajda, bob <strong>in</strong> drugi,– obnova tradicionalnih nač<strong>in</strong>ov gojitve, kjer jeto smiselno (npr. saditev v<strong>in</strong>ske trte v vrste,ki ne tečejo v plastnicah, temveč navpičnopo padnici),– usmerjanje na biološko pridelovanje <strong>za</strong>radimanjšega ogrožanja tal <strong>in</strong> vode,– morebitna uvedba namakanja brez vidnihstacionarnih tehniških pripomočkov.V zgodov<strong>in</strong>skih (spom<strong>in</strong>skih) kulturnih kraj<strong>in</strong>ahvarstvo temelji na drugih izhodiščih. Kraj<strong>in</strong>apredstavlja <strong>prostor</strong> spom<strong>in</strong>a <strong>in</strong> opom<strong>in</strong>a, vkaterih že kraj<strong>in</strong>a sama lahko pona<strong>za</strong>rja npr.absurdnost vojne. Na teh območjih se varujepredvsem:– avtentična lokacija prizorišč (npr. prizorišče 1.svetovne vojne - Soška fronta),– preoblikovanost reliefa <strong>za</strong>radi zgodov<strong>in</strong>skihdogajanj, morebitne grajene strukture, vsagradiva <strong>in</strong> konstrukcije (jarki, bombni kraterji),– zemeljske plasti z morebitnimi ostal<strong>in</strong>ami(orožje, rušev<strong>in</strong>e),– memorialna plastika, likovna oprema <strong>in</strong> vsipomniki (spomeniki, kapelice, pokopališča).VI. Mehanizmi <strong>za</strong> uresničevanje smernicSmernice <strong>za</strong> ohranjanje dedišč<strong>in</strong>skih kulturnihkraj<strong>in</strong> se uresničujejo preko treh osnovnihmehanizmov:1. Varstvo dedišč<strong>in</strong>ske kulturne kraj<strong>in</strong>e v<strong>prostor</strong>uPosebne določbe Zakona o varstvu kulturnededišč<strong>in</strong>e se nanašajo na varstvonepremične dedišč<strong>in</strong>e v <strong>prostor</strong>u, torej tud<strong>in</strong>a varstvo dedišč<strong>in</strong>ske kulturne kraj<strong>in</strong>e.Varstvo dedišč<strong>in</strong>ske kulturne kraj<strong>in</strong>e sevključuje v <strong>prostor</strong>sko načrtovanje <strong>in</strong> sicer vpripravo <strong>prostor</strong>skih aktov na več ravneh:a) s pripravo strokovnih <strong>za</strong>snov, ki vključujejozlasti:– pregled območij, ki štejejo <strong>za</strong> nepremičnodedišč<strong>in</strong>o,as cultural heritage, the guidel<strong>in</strong>es are usedto help redirect the <strong>in</strong>tervention elsewhere.2.) structural; these relate to the valuesbecause of which the cultural landscape hasbeen recognised as cultural heritage. Theirpurpose is to see to the ma<strong>in</strong>tenance of thedesired landscape structure, e. g.:– characteristics and special features of thelandscape structure (properties of landscapeelements: water, vegetation, relief and therules of their disposition <strong>in</strong> space),– characteristics of division <strong>in</strong>to parcels andspatial relations (compact settlements andcontacts of settlements with arable surfaces,spatial emphases and fragmentation of agriculturalland),– preservation as far as possible of an unalteredrelationship between cultures (grassland,fields, orchards, forest),– prevention of overgrow<strong>in</strong>g of agriculturalland and alteration of forest edges,– ma<strong>in</strong>tenance of anthropogenic structuralelements (terraces, stone walls, hedges,fences, hay racks, pens, hay barns),– ma<strong>in</strong>tenance of the properties of the exist<strong>in</strong>gnetwork of paths and other <strong>in</strong>frastructure,– conservation of characteristic traditionalbuild<strong>in</strong>gs or commercial build<strong>in</strong>gs (e. g. hayracks, shepherd’s huts, barns, haylofts, v<strong>in</strong>eyardcottages) <strong>in</strong> their orig<strong>in</strong>al position, sizeand function,– manner of l<strong>in</strong>k to architectural heritage andsettlement heritage (preservation of edges ofsettlement, round<strong>in</strong>g off exist<strong>in</strong>g structure ofsettlements, prevention of dispersed construction).– implementation of improvements wherenecessary, to remove more visible damage.3.) functional; these relate to the <strong>in</strong>strumentsconcern<strong>in</strong>g the use of the space. These apply<strong>in</strong> areas with a regulated managementplan, e. g.:– promotion of cultivation of exist<strong>in</strong>g crops orre<strong>in</strong>troduction of traditional crops (such asflax, millet, buckwheat, broad beans),– renovation of traditional methods of cultivation,where appropriate (e. g. plant<strong>in</strong>g ofv<strong>in</strong>es <strong>in</strong> vertical rows down the slope <strong>in</strong>steadof along contours),– orientation towards organic farm<strong>in</strong>g to reducethreat to soil and water,– possible <strong>in</strong>troduction of irrigation withoutvisible stationary irrigation technology.In memorial cultural landscapes conservation is229Delavnica 3 / Workshop 3

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