evropska konvencija o krajini - Ministrstvo za infrastrukturo in prostor

Vloga celovite presoje vplivov na okoljepri ohranjanju značilnosti krajinThe role of strategic environmental assessmentin retaining the characteristics of landscapesmag. Vesna Kolar Planinšič, M. Sc.150Delavnica 2 / Workshop 2Prispevek prikazuje celovito presojo vplivov naokolje kot instrument družbe za zagotavljanjeokoljskih ciljev in instrument okoljevarstvenepolitike. Z ratifikacijo konvencije o krajini se jeRepublika Slovenija zavezala k vključevanjukrajine v okoljevarstveno politiko. To vključevanjena podlagi 5. člena, ki določa splošneukrepe, se izvaja tudi preko nacionalnihstrateških dokumentov Nacionalnega programavarstva okolja, Strategije biotske raznovrstnostiin Strategije prostorskega razvoja, pa tudi prekodrugih ukrepov.The document highlights the strategic environmentalimpact assessment as a tool for reachingenvironmental goals and as an instrument ofenvironmental policy. By ratifying the LandscapeConvention, the Republic of Slovenia bound itselfto include landscapes in environmentalpolicy. This inclusion, based on Article 5 whichdefines general measures, is also implementedthrough environment national documents; theNational Environmental Program, the Strategy ofBiological Diversity and the Strategy of SpatialDevelopment, alongside other measures.Kot enega izmed ukrepov predstavljamopostopke Celovite presoje vplivov na okolje, kiizhaja iz Zakona o varstvu okolja. To je procesoptimizacije na način doseganja okoljskih ciljevin preprečevanja obremenjevanja okolja zaradiplanov in programov, ki se postopoma uveljavljapo svetu. Razvil se je na podlagi dejstva, dapresoje vplivov na okolje za poseg natančnoniso zadostovale za presojanje variant na boljstrateških ravneh. Vse več projektov, se jerazvijalo na podlagi planov in programov zakatere se je izkazala potreba po temeljitem pretehtanjuciljev, vseh okoljskih vidikov in variant.Poseben pomen v Evropi, je celovita presojavplivov na okolje dosegla s sprejetjem Direktive2001/42/ES Evropskega Parlamenta in Sveta opresoji nekaterih načrtov in programov naokolje. Ugotavljamo, da so pristopi v državahEvropske Unije različni, saj je vsaka državaprilagodila implementacijo svojemu sistemu,zaznati pa je tudi temeljne razlike medanglosaškim, germanskim, skandinavskim inmediteranskim pristopom.Prispevek pojasnjuje nekatere izkušnje, temeljnaizhodišča, principe in cilje ter implementacijo vAs one of the measures, we are presenting theprocedures within the strategic environmentalassessment, which is based on the EnvironmentProtection Act. The measure presents a processof optimization by achieving environmentalgoals and preventing the burdening of the environmentdue to plans and programs, which isbecoming increasingly used throughout theworld. Its development is based on the fact thatenvironmental impact studies were not preciseenough for evaluating possible options on strategiclevels. An increasing number of projectswere developed on the basis of plans and programs,the goals of which have later had to bethoroughly evaluated, including all environmentalaspects and options.Integral environmental assessment was given aspecial status in Europe with the adoption of theDirective 2001/42/EC of the European Parliamentand the Council on the assessment of theeffects of certain plans and programmes on theenvironment. We have ascertained that approachesvary throughout European Unionmember states, as each country has adjustedthe implementation to its own system. In addition,fundamental differences can be seen be-