evropska konvencija o krajini - Ministrstvo za infrastrukturo in prostor

136Delavnica 2 / Workshop 2Transport policies have very strong but ambivalentimpacts on cultural landscapes. While theupgrade of the high-ranking transport infrastructure(TEN) tends to increase the gap betweenfavoured and less favoured regions and fragmentationof the landscape, the upgrade of thelocal roads contributes to the maintenance ofremote settlements and to the area-wide cultivationof land. Transport infrastructure improvementsmay also lead to more commuter trafficand induce a scattered settlement developmentwith negative effects on landscape. However,long-term effects of transport infrastructure arestrongly connected to the level of travel costsand organisational regulations of transport –thus transport policy beyond infrastructures alsoplays an important role for the future developmentof cultural landscapes.4. Landscape in the view of local peopleLandscape change and objectives: bottom-upview22. Tretji trend v alpskih krajinah: nove divjine, območjaodseljevanja, opuščanja kmetijstva in zaraščanja.Izboljšave infrastrukture vodijo tudi k povečanimmigracijam in vzpodbujajo razpršen vzorecposelitve, ki ima negativne vplive na krajino.Dolgoročni vplivi prometne infrastrukture somočno povezani z višino potovalnih stroškov innačinom regulacije prometa, zato so zaprihodnost kulturne krajine poleg sameizgradnje infrastrukture zelo pomembni tudidrugi ukrepi prometne politike.Krajina v očeh prebivalcevSpremembe krajine in cilji: pogled od spodajnavzgorPrebivalcem v testnih območjih smo predstaviliscenarije sprememb krajine in rezultate analizepolitik. Vključena so bila območja v vsehsodelujočih deželah: Le Trieves, Francija, dolinaVisp/Saas, Švica, Isarwinkel, Nemčija, DolinaWipp in Lower Enns v Spodnjih Turah, Avstrija,Zgornje-savska dolina, Slovenija in Carnia, Italija.Udeleženci so večinoma potrdili tveganja inizzive, ki so jih prikazali scenariji, ter opozorili napotrebo po ustreznih ukrepih in projektih, ki bizmanjšali nadaljnjo polarizacijo in ustvarili boljšepogoje za razvoj odmaknjenih območij.The scenarios of landscape change and the resultsof policy analysis were presented and discussedby the stakeholders in the pilot regions:Le Trieves, France, Visp/Saas Valley, Switzerland,Isarwinkel, Germany, Wipp Valley and LowerEnns Valley/ Lower Tauern, Austria, Upper SavaValley, Slovenia and Carnia, Italy. Participantsgenerally confirmed the identified threats andchallenges and underlined the need for policymeasures and projects to reduce the further polarisationand to create better conditions for lessfavoured areas in the Alps.Generally, local population worried much aboutthe loss of the diversity of cultural landscapesand the expected forest overgrowth. Theywished to maintain the agricultural cultivation inthe Alps, and estimated that agricultural subsidiesare vital for the regions. However, more differentiationof subsidies was asked for in somecases. In several pilot regions local people alsoworried about weak development of regionaleconomies and even depopulation. They wishedto develop regional economic activities andmake better economic use of their regionalpotentials, including landscapes and forests.Other major issues of the pilot regions workshopswere the urban sprawl, the loss of vitalityof town centres and the lacking consciousnessabout the architectural heritage. These subjects