evropska konvencija o krajini - Ministrstvo za infrastrukturo in prostor
evropska konvencija o krajini - Ministrstvo za infrastrukturo in prostor
evropska konvencija o krajini - Ministrstvo za infrastrukturo in prostor
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
Zgodov<strong>in</strong>a delovanja meščanov <strong>in</strong> mednarodnegavarstva dol<strong>in</strong>e Wachau»Arbeitskreis Wachau« (najboljši prevod <strong>za</strong>nj je»Delovna skup<strong>in</strong>a <strong>za</strong> dol<strong>in</strong>o Wachau«) je leta1972 ustanovila peščica <strong>za</strong>skrbljenih meščanov<strong>in</strong> lokalnih politikov, ki sta jih vodila bivši županSpit<strong>za</strong>, Franz Hirtzberger, <strong>in</strong> znani v<strong>in</strong>ogradnik <strong>in</strong>posestnik Josef Jamek iz Joch<strong>in</strong>ga. Nasprotovaliso načrtom avstrijske zvezne vlade, da bi zgradilirečno elektrarno v bliž<strong>in</strong>i vasi Rührsdorf. Taelektrarna bi dajala neznatne količ<strong>in</strong>e energije <strong>in</strong>bi predvsem služila ladijskemu tovornemuprometu, ker je bila njihova želja – ki se pr<strong>in</strong>ekaterih do danes ni spremenila – da biuporabili večje ladje. Najresnejši uč<strong>in</strong>ek tega bibil, da bi se s tem popolnoma uničila kraj<strong>in</strong>aWachaua, ki je danes označena kot »posebnopomembna <strong>za</strong> človeštvo«.Na srečo je bil desetletje dolg boj uspešen.Danes sta ohranjena dva dela avstrijske Donave,kjer je reki prepuščen svobodni tok: dol<strong>in</strong>aWachau <strong>in</strong> predel med Dunajem <strong>in</strong> Bratislavo.Oba danes varujejo mednarodni programivarstva narave <strong>in</strong> kraj<strong>in</strong>e – Wachau je prejelevropsko naravovarstveno diplomo SvetaEvrope <strong>in</strong> bil uvrščen na seznam svetovnededišč<strong>in</strong>e UNESCA, predel vzhodno od Dunajapa je postal nacionalni park, ki ga je priznalIUCN. Oba povezuje dejstvo, da svoj obstojdolgujeta gibanjem <strong>za</strong>skrbljenih meščanov <strong>in</strong> nepolitiki avstrijskih zveznih ustanov.Zaradi tega je Arbeitskreis Wachau še naprej<strong>za</strong>hteval mednarodno priznanje ed<strong>in</strong>stvenekraj<strong>in</strong>e Wachaua tudi po končni izjavi avstrijskevlade, da ne bo zgradila rečne elektrarne v dol<strong>in</strong>iWachau. Člani Arbeitskreis Wachau so želelipridobiti evropsko naravovarstveno diplomo <strong>za</strong>varstvo Wachaua že od leta 1974. Kot aktivnoorodje, ki bi jamčilo, da se rečna elektrarna ne bizgradila, je <strong>evropska</strong> diploma bila neuspešna, sajse nekemu območju lahko podeli le, če se s temstr<strong>in</strong>ja zvezna vlada, ki je na oblasti. Avstrijskavlada pa je <strong>za</strong>ustavljala imenovanje Wachaua dokonca osemdesetih, saj se je želela prepričati, daimenovanje ne bi negativno vplivalo na kakšenzvezni <strong>in</strong>teres.Potem ko je Wachau postal območje z evropskodiplomo, se je pojavila ideja, da bi ga prav takolahko uvrstili na UNESCOV seznam svetovnihdedišč<strong>in</strong>. Postati kulturna dedišč<strong>in</strong>a ni bila realnamožnost <strong>za</strong> tiste, ki so se v sedemdesetih boriliHistory of citizen empowerment and <strong>in</strong>ternationalprotection of the Wachau valley»Arbeitskreis Wachau« (which translates best as»Work<strong>in</strong>g Group for the Wachau valley«) wasfounded <strong>in</strong> 1972 by a number of concerned citizensand local politicians, led by the formermayor of Spitz, Franz Hirtzberger, and the famousw<strong>in</strong>egrower and landlord Josef Jamekfrom Joch<strong>in</strong>g. They were oppos<strong>in</strong>g the plans ofthe Austrian federal government to build a riverpower plant close to the village of Rührsdorf.This power plant would have been <strong>in</strong>significant<strong>in</strong> terms of energy output and would most of allhave served the ship freight transport <strong>in</strong>dustry,s<strong>in</strong>ce their wish was – and of some of them stillis – to use larger ships. Its most severe impact,though, would have been that it would havecompletely destroyed the Wachau landscapewhich nowadays is dist<strong>in</strong>guished as »of universalimportance to mank<strong>in</strong>d«.Luckily, this decade-long fight was successful.Today, there are two parts of the Austrian Danubeleft where the river is allowed to flow freely:The Wachau valley and the part between Viennaand Bratislava. Both are nowadays protected by<strong>in</strong>ternational nature and landscape protectionprogrammes – the Wachau has been awardedthe European Diploma for Protected Areas bythe Council of Europe and has become part ofUNESCO’s World Heritage list, the part east ofVienna has become a national park recognizedby IUCN. Both have <strong>in</strong> common that they owetheir survival most of all to concerned citizenmovements, not to the policies of the Austrianfederal <strong>in</strong>stitutions.That is why Arbeitskreis Wachau cont<strong>in</strong>ued toask for <strong>in</strong>ternational recognition for the uniquenessof the Wachau landscape also after the f<strong>in</strong>aldeclaration of the Austrian government notto build the river power plant <strong>in</strong> the Wachau valley.Members of Arbeitskreis Wachau had alreadybeen seek<strong>in</strong>g protection by the EuropeanDiploma for Protected Areas for the Wachaus<strong>in</strong>ce 1974. As an active tool for safeguard<strong>in</strong>gthe prevention of the river power plant, the EuropeanDiplom failed, though, s<strong>in</strong>ce it can onlybe awarded to a site under the consent of thefederal government <strong>in</strong> charge. And the Austriangovernment blocked the nom<strong>in</strong>ation of theWachau until the end of the eighties <strong>in</strong> order tomake sure that no important federal <strong>in</strong>terestsmay be, <strong>in</strong> their eyes, negatively affected.119Delavnica 2 / Workshop 2