Application for the Reassessment of a Hazardous Substance under ...

5.1.7.1 J. Hicking stated that dichlorvos EC tends to be used once, shortly beforeharvest and only if an insect problem is identified, its volatility makes itideal under these conditions. At other times, other pesticides are used,for example, synthetic pyrethroids including α-cypermethrin anddeltamethrin and organophosphates including diazinon and chlorpyrifos.5.1.7.2 Horticulture New Zealand suggested Chess (pymetrozine) and Calypso(thiacloprid) are used by tamarillo growers, Confidor (imidacloprid),Chess (pymetrozine), Ovation (buprofezin), Lannate (methomyl), Mavrik(tau-fluvalinate) and Avid (abamectin) by glasshouse growers.Horticulture New Zealand add that the last three of these products are notcompatible with IPM. If IPM is not used, weekly sprays alternatingLannate and Confidor are used. They suggest that if dichlorvos was notavailable glasshouse growers would use less IPM.5.1.7.3 NCGA indicated that synethetic pyrethroids can be used to control twospottedmite (Tetranychus urticae), but their use is problematic to somegrowers because it is difficult to establish the predatory mitePhytoseiulus persimilis for some time after treatment. However, P.persimilis is used only for a limited time window and use of IPM is givenlow priority by the industry as a whole.5.1.7.4 Horticulture New Zealand indicates that Movento (spirotetramat) is anew product that will be of value to glasshouse growers (crop and pestnot specified) and Oberon (spiromesifen) would also be of value. Thereare beneficial insects available overseas, but not available in NZ.5.1.7.5 Horticulture New Zealand capsicum growers say no alternatives againstthrips except Match (lufenuron) & Success (spinosad) used together anddichlorvos – none of the old organophosphate chemistry is effective.5.1.7.6 Biosecurity NZ stated in application HSR04011: In the past malathionhas been used in traps as an insecticide. However this required injectingliquid malathion into dental wicks. This was messy and potentiallydirectly exposes contractors to higher concentrations of anorganophosphorus insecticide, more chance of contamination of trapcomponents and a higher risk of variability between traps.5.1.7.7 Sections of the report from Plant & Food (Appendix N) that discussalternatives can be summarized:5.1.7.7.1 Persimmon:Dichlorvos is valued as pre-harvest treatment to controlpassenger pests such as oribatid mites. Physical controlsand synthetic pyrethroids and pyrethrum have been trialedbut were ineffective in controlling these passenger pests.There are no alternatives that are effective in controllingthe range of pests in persimmons with rapid decline inresidues;5.1.7.7.2 Passionfruit:Dichlorvos is used to treat thrips, which get under the skincausing ‗pimpling‘. Diazinon and dichlorvos are the onlyinsecticides registered for use on passionfruit. Spinosadmight be effective, but is not registered, and given the sizeof the industry, growers are unable to fund the trialsneeded;Dichlorvos reassessment – application Page 67 of 436