Application for the Reassessment of a Hazardous Substance under ...

4.4.4.3 Bystanders and children:The risks to bystanders (including children) from Use Scenarios 1to 8 are considered to be low.Application into enclosed spaces should only be carried out whenthe structure is clear of bystanders and appropriately sealed toprevent leakage. The risks to bystanders (including children) fromUse Scenarios 9 to 25 are, therefore, considered to be low. Ventingof treated structures (intentional or inadvertent) would result in apoint-source emissions that ERMA New Zealand considers will beadequately dispersed by air movement so that bystanders are notexposued to hazardous concentrations of dichlorvos.Exposure of children through contact with treated surfaces arisingfrom domestic use of dichlorvos-containing insecticide treatments(Use Scenarios 26 to 29) are estimated to reflect the bystanders atgreatest risk, and are considered by ERMA New Zealand to be veryhigh, given that the RQ values are > 880. Additionally, ERMANew Zealand has not been able to determine an REI for child entryinto treated areas.The exposures that children from contact with treated public areas(Use Scenario 30) are considered by ERMA New Zealand to bevery high, with an RQ of 86.ERMA New Zealand semi-quantitatively assessed the risk ofexposure to operators arising from the use of dichlorvosimpregnatedinsecticide strips (Use Scenario 31). Bystanders couldbe exposed to dichlorvos if they are close to an open trap, whichcould result from deliberate action or vandalism. ERMA NewZealand notes that these traps are placed on private property at least1.3m above ground, are labelled and the property owner is fullyinformed, providing some level of security against interference,vandalism or access by small children. The magnitude of an effectis considered to be minimal to major, depending on the degree ofexposure. The likelihood of a major adverse health effect to amember of the public is considered to be highly improbable. Thelikelihood of a minimal adverse health effect to a member of thepublic is considered to be unlikely at most. ERMA New Zealandconsiders the level of risk to bystanders and children is thereforenegligible to low.4.5 Summary of exposure risks to the environment and humanhealth.4.5.1 A summary of the level of risk to human health and the environment posed bydichlorvos-containing substances is detailed in Table 12.Dichlorvos reassessment – application Page 54 of 436