Application for the Reassessment of a Hazardous Substance under ...

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3.7.13 Dichlorvos is currently not used by New Zealand mushroom growers, on cereals orturf, although these are registered uses (Appendix N).3.7.14 In general, glasshouse growers use fogging equipment, only the smaller growersspray the crop. The reason is the availability of the equipment (Roelf Schreuder pers.comm.).Uses of dichlorvos other than as a plant protection product3.7.15 Dichlorvos formulations are put to uses other than for plant protection. Labeldescriptions of these uses are:Table 6.Label rates and uses for dichlorvos-containing products for non-plantprotection uses.Product Formulation type UsesDivap 1140 g/l EC Farm buildings:Farm buildings, empty stables, piggeriesand poultry housesRates (maximum):Fogging: 13 ml / litre / 100 m 3Spraying: 26 ml / 2 litre / 100 m 2 .Public health outdoors:Parks, beaches, sports areasRates:Fogging: 4 ml / litre.Fly breeding areasRates:Spraying: 13 ml/5 litre/10 m 2 .Public health Indoors:Hospitals, restaurants, canteens, cinemas,public halls, industrial plants, warehouses,food plantsRates:Fogging: 4, 9 or 13 ml / litre / 100 m 3depending on pestSpraying: 8, 18, or 26 ml / 2 litre / 100 m 2 .Nuvos 1000 g/l EC Farm buildings:Farm buildings, empty stables, piggeriesand poultry housesRates (maximum):Fogging: 15 ml / litre / 100 m 3Spraying: 30 ml / 2 litre / 100 m 2 .Public health outdoors:Parks, beaches, sports areasRates:Fogging: 5 ml / litre.Fly breeding areasRates:Spraying: 15 ml/5 litre/10 m 2 .Public health Indoors:Hospitals, restaurants, canteens, cinemas,Dichlorvos reassessment – application Page 32 of 436
BV2 SurfaceInsecticideBV2 SurfaceInsecticide Bulk3.1 g/l aerosol (dualactive with propoxur at8.7 g/l)4.4 g/l dichlorvosready-to-use liquid,(dual active with 9.6g/l propoxur).public halls, industrial plants, warehouses,food plantsRates:Fogging: 5, 10 or 15 ml / litre / 100 m 3depending on pestSpraying: 10, 20, or 30 ml / 2 litre / 100 m 2 .Surface treatmentskirting boards, library shelves, architravesetc.Rate:Spray affected areas until damp.Surface treatmentskirting boards, library shelves, architravesetc.Rate:Spray affected areas until damp.Insectigas 50 g/kg aerosol Spray treatmentRate:Spraying:100 g / 100 m 3 (18 s spray into air);300 g / 100 m 3 (54 s spray into cracks &crevices);200 g / 300 m 3 (70 s spray into air orcrevice).DDVP InsecticideStripJ72.03 ismanufactured forexport180 g/kg vapourreleasing strip5-24% dichlorvos, gascylindersUsed in fruit fly traps for fruit flymonitoring by MAF-BNZ.Export only3.7.16 The following additional information has been acquired through discussions withusers and manufacturers during the preparation of this application.3.7.17 Nuvos and Divap have treatment of grain moths, flour beetles, grain weevils andflour mites pests on the label, but listed against industrial plants, warehouses andfood plants. It is therefore unclear whether the NZ label supports treatment of grainor just the buildings used to store grain. Grain is treated overseas but it is not knownif this is done in NZ (Appendix K).3.7.18 About 25,000 cans of BV2 Surface Insecticide each containing 600 ml product areused per year. A maximum of two applications are made 2 weeks apart and 6 weeksof protection should result. (L. Bryant pers. comm.).3.7.19 Four or five glass jars of BV2 surface insecticide bulk each containing 4 litre productare used per year (L. Bryant pers. comm.).3.7.20 The application for dichlorvos strips to use in the fruit fly surveillance programme,said that up to 50,000 strips would be imported per year. In the current programmefewer strips are actually used. They are used all over NZ but in different densities.Single strips are contained within traps that also contain fruit fly lures. The strips arereplaced at 6-8 week intervals.Dichlorvos reassessment – application Page 33 of 436
Page 1 and 2: Application for the Reassessment of
Page 3 and 4: 6.1 Evaluation of options to streng
Page 5 and 6: EXECUTIVE SUMMARYIn briefERMA New Z
Page 7 and 8: Aerosol containing 50 g/kgdichlorvo
Page 9 and 10: ERMA New Zealand‘s recommendation
Page 11 and 12: 26 - 29Outdoor public space usage30
Page 13 and 14: Substance details1-8,11-16,20-25,30
Page 15 and 16: 1.2.3 In 2008, the Environmental Ri
Page 17 and 18: Table 1. Dichlorvos-containing subs
Page 19 and 20: public environments and use for bio
Page 21 and 22: available to it. In preparing this
Page 23 and 24: 3.3 International regulatory positi
Page 25 and 26: 3.6 Classification3.6.1 The HSNO cl
Page 27 and 28: Hazard Class /SubclassClassificatio
Page 29 and 30: Hazard Class /SubclassClassificatio
Page 31: Rates:Fogging: 13 ml / litre (water
Page 35 and 36: Table 7.Dichlorvos outdoor and indo
Page 37 and 38: Scenario Crop/Use Method Rate Appli
Page 39 and 40: humidity conditions. The higher res
Page 41 and 42: 4.3 EnvironmentIdentification of ad
Page 43 and 44: 4.3.9.3 Aquatic environment - Groun
Page 45 and 46: is considered to be highly improbab
Page 47 and 48: RiskGroupRQ range Level of risk Use
Page 49 and 50: RiskGroupRQ range Level of risk Use
Page 51 and 52: assessment, as the Use Scenario inc
Page 53 and 54: Nonnegligible1 < RQ < 10Nonnegligib
Page 55 and 56: Table 12.LifecycleStageImport,manuf
Page 57 and 58: LifecycleStageUse -bystanderUseScen
Page 59 and 60: Table 13.Identification of benefici
Page 61 and 62: value that can be attributed to dic
Page 63 and 64: outbreak, MAF‘s ability to demons
Page 65 and 66: the duty of the Crown is not merely
Page 67 and 68: 5.1.7.1 J. Hicking stated that dich
Page 70 and 71: Table 14. Comparative of hazard cla
Page 72 and 73: Crop Pest Active ingredient Preharv
Page 74 and 75: Crop Pest Active ingredient Preharv
Page 76 and 77: SECTION 6- PROPOSALS TO MANAGE RISK
Page 78 and 79: Assessment was carried out with spe
Page 80 and 81: 6.1.11 Controls to protect bystande
Page 82 and 83:
Table 16Effect of additional contro
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Use Scenario Receptor Level of Risk
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have, and notes the following as ar
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Table 18Summary of benefits associa
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UseScenariosAssessment ofEffectOutc
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Substance detailsHSR000126DDVPInsec
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Table 22.there are no practicable r
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7.4 Preliminary Recommendations7.4.
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method and LOQ)Water (principle ofm
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Appendix B: Environmental Fate of d
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Bioconcentration factor Gnathopogon
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Table C.2:Scenarios used in exposur
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Scenario 3: Vegetables - 1 applicat
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FIELD AND STANDARD POND HALFLIFE VA
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insectivorous bird7 Passionfruit Sm
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4 Leafyvegetables(BBCH ≥50)4 Leaf
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summer)7 passionfruit(BBCH 10-19)7
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Ground (lowboom)0.03 0.03 1.07 1.07
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Appendix D: Ecotoxicity of dichlorv
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ioaccumulationClearance timeLevel o
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Table D.5:Toxicity to terrestrial i
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Appendix E: Risk Assessment: Enviro
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Aquatic organsimsTable E.3:Environm
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12345Crop type Table I.1 (Annex 1)
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7 passionfruit(BBCH 20-39)7 passion
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Fruit (tree) 2052 70759 >50Passionf
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Appendix F: Human Toxicity of dichl
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CONTENTS:Title Page 11 Purpose 2Con
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2 SUBSTANCE IDENTIFICATIONIUPAC nam
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However, dichlorvos has genotoxic p
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4 ABSORPTION, DISTRIBUTION, METABOL
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aerosol cans (230-330 g dichlorvos)
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4.3 Metabolism:found in tissues of
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dose of 1.0 mg/kg bw, a single gava
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eports. LD 50 = 46.4 mg/kg b.w. is
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6 ACUTE DERMAL 6.1HSNO Classificati
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7 ACUTE INHALATION 6.1HSNO Classifi
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measured and it was not possible to
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8 SKIN IRRITATION 6.3 & CORROSION 8
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9 EYE IRRITATION 6.4 & CORROSION 8.
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10 RESPIRATORY SENSITISATION 6.5AHS
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Justification for Classification: U
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12 MUTAGENICITY 6.6HSNO Classificat
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ERMA New Zealand CONFIDENTIAL Repor
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The ATSDR (1997) reported:“Dichlo
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•ATSDR (1997): http://www.atsdr.c
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13 CARCINOGENICITY 6.7HSNO Classifi
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fibroadenomas were observed in 6 (1
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• Sex/Numbers:• Test material:
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The NTP Peer Review concluded that:
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concurrent studies for comparison w
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The APVMA (2008a) reported a chroni
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was exposed. The estimated daily in
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14 REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY 6.8HSNO Cl
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ppm during premating days, signific
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Toxicology, Chemistry and Life Scie
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addition, there was an increase in
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• Maternal toxicity NOAEL =• Ma
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Research Triangle Park, North Carol
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16 REPRODUCTIVE OR DEVELOPMENTAL TO
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17 SPECIFIC TARGET ORGAN TOXICITY 6
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There was a significant dose-relate
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KEY STUDY:• Type of study:• Spe
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BACKGROUND:The APVMA (2008a) also r
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cholinesterases can only be estimat
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Ltd, Sittingbourne Research Center,
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23 OTHER POTENTIAL TOXIC ENDPOINTS2
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―Results“Mortalities and clinic
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1984). QA study. Study conducted ac
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“No information was located on im
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“Comment: These incidents clearly
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25 ACCEPTABLE OPERATOR EXPOSURE LEV
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to pretreatment activity). When the
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cholinesterase inhibition in health
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protect agricultural workers who ha
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Wash: refers to skin washes; Dressi
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Hazard Class/SubclassHazardclassifi
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Hazard Class/SubclassHazardclassifi
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REFERENCES:APVMA, 2008a. ―DICHLOR
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Appendix 1:APVMA - Summary of bench
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“Inhalational NOEL for Occupation
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activity). In fact, treatment was s
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LAST PAGEDichlorvos reassessment -
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Dichlorvos:Occupational, Bystander,
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CONTENTS:Title Page 11 Purpose 2Con
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3ACTIVITY SCENARIOS3.1 Table (I) su
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access of bystanders to treated are
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can reduce dermal exposures to mixe
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contaminated with, respectively 0.0
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The modelling is based upon dischar
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Table II: Occupational Exposure Est
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Table III: Occupational Exposure Es
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Operation / RPE / PPETable IV: Occu
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1.25L product/ha; work rate, 1.25 h
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Application: Air-hose RPE + chem. r
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Application: Half-face RPE + overal
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P for RPE (% penetration): none, 1
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Table X: Occupational Exposure Esti
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provided: work day exposure is limi
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5POST-APPLICATION OR RE-ENTRY WORKE
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D = DFR x TC x DA x WR x AR x P / B
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Re-entry into out-door crops (Scena
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Re-entry into treated glasshouses d
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acceptable 240 minutes after applic
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Re-entry into treated glasshouses u
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Table XVII: Re-entry into glasshous
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lowest use rate (52 mg/m 3 ; 1300g
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DA = percentage dermal absorption [
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Re-entry into treated enclosed indu
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nature of the building itself, not
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Conclusions on re-entry worker expo
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6BYSTANDER & RESIDENT EXPOSURE & RI
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Children’s incidental ingestion o
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Table XX: Spray driftExposure throu
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Exposure through contactwithcontami
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Conclusions on bystander and reside
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Table XXIII: Dichlorvos Use Scenari
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mixing/loading. Mixing/loading fogg
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7.23 Re-entry for ventilation of in
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REFERENCES:APVMA, 2008a. ―DICHLOR
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Appendix 1:Occupational Exposure Es
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FactorExposure (μg/kg a.i. handled
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Inhalation exposure from cylinder c
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[0.01875 x {(0.018 x 0.05) + (2.68
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With half-face respirator (protecti
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With full-body chemical resistant c
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Appendix 4:Occupational Exposure Es
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With overalls and gloves (protectio
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The Dermal Exposure (D) is 2.06 μg
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TTR = turf transferable residues -
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F = fraction of residue retained on
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TTR = transferable residues - the E
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Public Space ApplicationsScenario (
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ERMA New Zealand‟s comment on the
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Enclosed SpaceAgricultural UseOutdo
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Appendix H: Qualitative Descriptors
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1.3. The likelihood applies to the
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Appendix I: Data from which classif
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Endpoint Units * Dichlorvos Propoxu
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Toxicity mixture calculationsSubcla
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Subclass 9.3 -Ecotoxicity to terres
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Table J.1:Existing controls for dic
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TrackingcontrolsIdentification cont
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Table J.2:Summary of default contro
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Hazardous Substances (Classes 1 to
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Hazardous Substances (Classes 6, 8,
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Hazardous Substances (Classes 6, 8,
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(a) means piping that—(i) is conn
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Code I29 Regs 51, 52 Signage requir
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Non-HSNO Act controlsAgricultural C
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Appendix K: Overseas regulatory act
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Product Use Further details ofuseSu
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Risk assessment identified concerns
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Current usesFormulations:Methods of
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CanadaStatusPMRA are undertaking a
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Appendix L: Parties consulted durin
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Animal Products Act 19995. The purp
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14. Regulatory control of these pro
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Zealand‘s trade in primary produc
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processed and stored. It employs ve
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may be taken to risk management in
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Appendix A• Agricultural Compound
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Appendix O: ReferencesACVM (2010) h
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