Life Science Grade 11

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Grade 11 Life Sciences Lesson PlansGRADE 11 SUBJECT Life Sciences WEEK 8 TOPIC Animal diversity: Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes Lesson 2LESSON SUMMARY FOR: DATE STARTED:DATE COMPLETED:Content: (CAPS p 41)With respect to the following phyla: Porifera, Cnidaria and Platyhelminthes discuss the following features of their body plan:• Symmetry and cephalisation;• The number of tissue layers developed from the embryo;• The number of openings in the gut;• Coloem and blood systems.LESSON OBJECTIVESThe learner must be able to:• Describe the type of habitat that sponges, Cnidarians and flat worms are found in• Explain the type of symmetry exhibited by the phyla Porifera, Cnidaria and Platyhelminthes.• Discuss the types of tissue layers that sponges, Cnidarians and flat worms possess.• Describe the type of digestive system found in the sponges, Cnidarians and flat worms.• Discuss the presence or absence of a coelom in the sponges, Cnidarians and flat worms.• Describe the type of blood system found in the sponges, Cnidarians and flat worms.• Name and example of a sponges, Cnidaria and flatworm.TEACHER ACTIVITIES LEARNER ACTIVITIES TIMING RESOURCES NEEDED1.1 Introduction• Refer to the previous two lesson and remind learners that abody plan for an animal includes symmetry, and tissue layers (theendoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm in triploblastic animals andendoderm and ectoderm in diploblastic animals), the presence orabsence of a body cavity and the presence or absence of athrough gut.2.2 Main Body (Lesson presentation)Jigsaw group work. Divide the class into small groups of threelearners per group. Each group is to become an expert on one ofthe animal phyla: Porifera, Cnidaria or Platyhelminthes. Eachgroup is to use their text book to find information on their particulargroup of the following:• Symmetry and cephalisation;• The number of tissue layers developed from the embryo;• The number of openings in the gut;• Coloem and blood systems.•After 25 min the groups are to split up and reform into new groupsLearners listen to discussion, providing definitionsto the concepts: asymmetrical, bilaterallysymmetrical, radially symmetrical, diploblastic,triploblastic, coelom, blind gut and through gut.Learners work in expert groups gatheringinformation on the body plan of their particularphylum. Once they have the information theyform new groups where they share theirinformation and get information from experts onthe other two phyla.10 min25 minChalkboard/OHTSolutions for all p97-101Study and master p122-125Understanding Life Sciences p 90-95• Internet reference for body cavities:• http://www.biodiversityexplorer.org/mm/sponges/• http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/porifera/porifera.html• Video from the Internet:• http://www.youtube.com/• Sea sponges under the sea• Images:• http://www.tutorvista.com/content/Term 1 Page 70© Gauteng Department of Education (CAPS version)
Grade 11 Life Sciences Lesson Planswhere each group includes one expert from each ‘phylum’ group.Learners are to share their knowledge with the new groupscompleting a table under the following headings:PhylumPoriferaCnidariaPlatyhelminthesSymmetryandcephalisationNumberof tissuelayers.Coelomand bloodsystem.Diagramof ananimalfrom thephylum• The following must be highlighted by use ofblackboard/transparencies and class discussion:Porifera• The phylum Porifera is made up of natural sponges, which areliving animals• They may be a few millimetres to a few metres in size and areusually brightly coloured• Sponges are marine (live in salt water) and freshwater animalsthat are sessile (attached to submerged objects such as rocks)animals• They are asymmetrical in structure without any particularshape and grow continuously• The body is made up of two layers of cells, an outer epidermisand an inner layer of cells, separated by a jelly-like layercalled the mesophyl• These are not true tissues since they are not separated bymembranes• Sponges do not have any digestive openings and the poreson its epidermis lead to a central cavity known as aspongocoel• Sponges are filter feeders• Sponges lack a body cavity• If time permits, the video clip which is about three minuteslong, shows the structure and filtering mechanism that takesplace within sponges• The images on the websites listed are very helpful in allowingthe learners to understand the variety that is found within thephylum (the second site has a good variety ofphotomicrographs)Cnidaria• The phylum Cnidaria is made up of jellyfish, blue bottles, sea20 minbiology/biology-iii/animalkingdom/phylum-porifera.php• http://www.biology.iastate.edu/Courses/211L/Porif/%20Porifindx.htm• http://www.darwinsgalapagos.com/animals/cnidaria_jellyfish_coral_sea_anemone.htm• http://www.pbs.org/kcet/shapeoflife/resources/index.html(click on Body)• http://www.biology.iastate.edu/Courses/211L/Platyhelm/%20Platyhelminindx.htmTerm 1 Page 71© Gauteng Department of Education (CAPS version)
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Life Science Grade 11

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