TGPC: Greater Wellington letter to Chair, PCTG BOI - Attachment 2

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Literature review of Porirua Harbour and catchmentAppendix 2: Annotated BibliographyHicks, G. (1986a). Estuaries, extraordinary ecosystems. Forest undBird 17(3)Reports on study of copepodsHicks, G. R. F. (1986b). Distribution and behaviour of melofaunal copepods inside and outsideseagrass beds. Marine Ecology - Progress Series 31. 159-170.Compares abundance and species composition of mejobenthic copepods betweenvegetated and unvegetated areas. Study undertaken at Pauatahanuilnlet. Seagrass bedshad an increase in copepod density. List of species foundHicks, G. R. F. (1988). Sediment rafting: a novel mechanism for the small-scale dispersal ofinterndal estuarine meiofauna. Marine Ecology Progress Series 48. 69-80Description of meiofauna (especially copepods) being passively conveyed by 'sedimentrafts'. Rafts form as algal mats dry out and cement sediment together (forming a skin onthe surface) at low tide. At high tide the skin is peeled off and rafted away. Discussesimportance of rafting to the distribution and movement of copepods. This phenomenadescribed at PauatahanuilnletHicks, G. R. F. (1989). Does GPibenthic structure negatively affect meiofauna? Journal ofExperiiiienmlMurine Biology und Ecology 133(I): 39-55.Study of GPibenthic copepods at Pauaiahanuilnlet and how copepod densities change inresponse to changes in the sediment surface and overhead cover (eelgrass).Hicks, G. R. F. (1992). Tidal and diel fluctuations in abundance of melobenthic copepods on aninterndal estuarine sandbank. Marine Ecology- Progress Series 87. 15-15Study on the changes in copepod densities at Pauatahanuilnlet in response to changes insunlight intensity (day/night) and tidal fluxes.Hine, P. (no date). A 11istopuihologicnl survey o11he parosiies rind diseases o10 line, '/eedinghivulve, AUStrovenus slutchburyi (Veneridue), and a deposiijeeding bivalve, Macomona Iiliana(Tell^^idue) orcleui? und conmininaied SIIes. NIWA, unpublished MsComparison of parasites and lesions in two common interndal bivalve species from 2'uricontaminated' and 2 'contaminated' sites. The Onepoto Arm is considered'contaminated' whilst Pauatahanui Inlet is considered 'uricontaminated'. All bivalvestaken from all sites show moderate infections, none of which affected host health. Themost severe pathology of massive systemic congestion of mantle, gills and gut occurringin 20% of cockles from Pauatahanui Inlet. The cause of this is unknown; however, thefact that the surfaces that are inflamed are those exposed to the environmentsuggesis anenvironmental cause. Hence this site cannot be considered 'clean'. The pollutant cannotbe DDT as this pollutant would be higher in the inner part of the estuary closer to itssource. It is possible that PAH's sourced from roading are the cause (especially as SHIpasses over this site) but there is not a conclusive link of PAHs with inflammation ofcockles. Renal deposits are the most important deloxification for marine bivalve, andalthough Onepoto has elevated concentrations of metals, no cockles had renal deposits.Renal brown cells can also precipitate brown cells, but were found in Pauatahanui Inlet,notthe Onepoto Arm. Hence Pauatahanuilnletis not a 'clean' siteIwasaki, N. (1993). Distribution of melobenthic copepods from various habitats in PauatahanuiInlet, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Marine und FreshwaierReseurc/I 27(4): 399-405Examines variations in density and diversity of melobenthic copepod species caused bychanges in location, and hence environmental conditions (tidal exposure, vegetation andsubstrate). Sampled at Maria Bank, Ration Point and Ration Creek. Highest diversity atReportfor Porirua City Council & Wellington City CouncilBlaschke and Rutherford Environmental ConsultantsFebruary 201026
';Literature review of Porirua Harbour and catchmentAppendix 2: Annotated BibliographyMaria bank which supports a variety of species assemblages. Higher densities found insubtidal compared with interndallocations. Gives table of species and their abundance.lones, I. B. and J. D. Hadfield (1985). Fishes from POTirua and Pauatahanuilnlets, occurrence ingill nets. New Zealand Jountnl ofMuriite und Freshwa!er Reseurc/I 19(4): 477-484.Gill nets used to survey species of fish in Pauatahanuilnlet and the Onepoto Arm. 24species were identified, bringing the total known number of species to 43, a relativelyhigh number compared with other estuaries. Lists species found in each inlet. As gillnets were used, it was not possible to assess relative abundance. Information provided onseasonal occurrence of fish in the estuary and on growth of4 speciesKudenov, I. D. and G. B. Read (1977). Axionie!IQ sei. ruin n. sp. , a inaldanid polychaete fromPOTirua Harbour, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal o1Muriiie and Freshwater Researc/I 11(4)697-702.Description of a new species of polychaete (worm) found at POTirua HarbourMoore, P. I. (1984). Foraging and social behaviour of the white-faced heron at PauaiahanuilnletNoiornis 31. . 285-299.Description of the foraging and social behaviour of the white faced heron (Ardeanovaehollundioe) including methods of hunting and of intimidation. Maps the heronryin Pauatahanuilnlet. In the summer of 1982 at low tide between 13 and 42 herons wereon the mudnais. Increased numbers occurred in calm conditions on the lower tides.Nelson, W. A. (1999). A revised checklist of marine algae naturalised in New Zealand. NewZenlund lorryHUIojBomity 37. 355-360Twenty new introduced marine algal species are listed, their habitat, distribution andorigin described. The alga Chondria I'd ryeyana has been introduced to Portrua Harbourfrom Australia. This species has no other known location in New ZealandPonder, W. F. (1972). Review of the Genus Xyi?telle ITedale of New Zealand (Mollusca:Muricidae). Journal of the Royalsocieiy of New Zealand 2. . 471-499.Description of mollusc species of the family Xyiiiene found in New Zealand. Twospecies, Xyi, Tene PIehiws PIehius and XyiiTei?e Iruversifound in PortruaRead, G. B. (1984a). Persistence of in faunal polychaete zonalion patterns on a sheltered, interndalsand nat. New Zealand Journal of Marine und FreshwoierReseorcli18(4): 399-4/6Describes zonalion of polychaete species assemblages on Panatahanuilnlet mudnais andrelates zonalion to environmental conditions (including cross sectional surveys and grainsize)Read, G. B. (1984b). Recruitment and population dynamics of Axioihellu serrata (PolycheataMalanidae) on an interndalsand nat. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 11. 399-4/1.Population dynamics of this deposit feeder, studied at POTiruaRohde, K. (1987). Different populations of SCOiiiber uusir"msicus in New Zealand and southeasternAustralia, demonstrated by a simple method using monogenean sclerites. Journal of Fish^o108y 30(6): 651-657Demonstrates that the use of the sex sclerites of parasites (worms) in mackerel can beused to distinguish between fish populations from New Zealand and south easternAustralia. Mackerelsampled from POTirua and two other New Zealand sitesReportfor Porirua City Council & Wellington City CouncilBlaschke and Rutherford Environmental ConsultantsFebruary 201027
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TGPC: Greater Wellington letter to Chair, PCTG BOI - Attachment 2

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