Histopathology of Seed-Borne Infections - Applied Research Center ...

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ContentsChapter 1 Introduction ..........................................................................................11.1 The Seed...........................................................................................................11.2 Microorganisms in Seed ..................................................................................21.3 Histopathology .................................................................................................3References..................................................................................................................3Chapter 2 Reproductive Structures and Seed Formation .....................................72.1 Flower...............................................................................................................72.1.1 Vascularization of Flower ....................................................................92.2 Sterile Appendages.........................................................................................102.3 Fertile Appendages.........................................................................................112.3.1 Stamen................................................................................................112.3.1.1 Development of Microsporangium andMicrosporogenesis ..............................................................112.3.1.2 Development and Structure of Male Gametophyte ...........132.3.2 Carpel .................................................................................................132.3.2.1 Ovary...................................................................................142.3.2.2 Style ....................................................................................152.3.2.3 Stigma .................................................................................162.4 Nectaries.........................................................................................................172.5 Ovule ..............................................................................................................172.5.1 Structure and Types of Ovules ..........................................................172.5.2 Vascular Supply of Ovule..................................................................202.5.3 Cuticles in Ovule ...............................................................................202.5.4 Special Structures in Ovules..............................................................212.6 Development and Structure of Female Gametophyte ...................................212.7 Fertilization ....................................................................................................232.8 Seed Development .........................................................................................232.8.1 Endosperm..........................................................................................252.8.2 Embryo ...............................................................................................272.8.3 Changes in Nucellus ..........................................................................282.8.4 Changes in Chalaza............................................................................312.8.5 Changes in Integuments.....................................................................312.9 Seed Coat Development in Selected Genera.................................................322.9.1 Brassica..............................................................................................322.9.2 Crotalaria...........................................................................................322.9.3 Hibiscus and Gossypium....................................................................342.9.4 Cucurbita and Sechium......................................................................34
2.9.5 Lycopersicon.......................................................................................372.9.6 Lactuca ...............................................................................................372.9.7 Triticum ..............................................................................................392.10 Concluding Remarks......................................................................................40References................................................................................................................41Chapter 3 Structure of Seeds ..............................................................................473.1 Constitution of Seeds.....................................................................................473.2 Exomorphic Features .....................................................................................483.2.1 Color...................................................................................................483.2.2 Shape ..................................................................................................483.2.3 Size .....................................................................................................483.2.4 Surface................................................................................................493.2.5 Micropyle ...........................................................................................503.2.6 Hilum..................................................................................................513.2.7 Raphe..................................................................................................513.2.8 Seed Appendages ...............................................................................513.3 Internal Morphology ......................................................................................533.3.1 Gross Internal Morphology................................................................533.3.2 Seed Coat and Pericarp......................................................................553.4 Seed Structure in Selected Families ..............................................................553.4.1 Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) .................................................................553.4.2 Malvaceae...........................................................................................573.4.3 Linaceae .............................................................................................573.4.4 Fabaceae (Leguminosae) Subfamily Faboideae(Papilionatae)......................................................................................603.4.5 Cucurbitaceae .....................................................................................613.4.6 Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) ...................................................................633.4.7 Pedaliaceae ........................................................................................653.4.8 Solanaceae .........................................................................................663.4.9 Asteraceae (Compositae) ..................................................................683.4.10 Amaranthaceae ..................................................................................683.4.11 Chenopodiaceae ................................................................................703.4.12 Poaceae (Graminae) ..........................................................................703.5 Concluding Remarks......................................................................................74References................................................................................................................74Chapter 4 Penetration and Establishment of Fungi in Seed ..............................814.1 Environment of Ovule and Seed....................................................................814.2 Nature of the Pathogen ..................................................................................824.3 Infection in Developing Seeds.......................................................................824.3.1 Routes for Internal Ovary Infection ..................................................834.3.1.1 Direct Infection from Mother Plant ...................................834.3.1.2 Indirect Infection from Outside..........................................85
Page 2 and 3: Histopathology ofSeed-Borne Infecti
Page 4: PrefaceThe book deals with only one
Page 8 and 9: The AuthorsDalbir Singh, Ph.D., for
Page 12 and 13: 4.3.2 Routes for Infection from Ova
Page 14: 8.4 Survival in Seed ..............
Page 17 and 18: 2 Histopathology of Seed-Borne Infe
Page 19 and 20: 4 Histopathology of Seed-Borne Infe
Page 22 and 23: 2Reproductive Structuresand Seed Fo
Page 24 and 25: Reproductive Structures and Seed Fo
Page 26: Reproductive Structures and Seed Fo
Page 29 and 30: 14 Histopathology of Seed-Borne Inf
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Reproductive Structures and Seed Fo
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3Structure of SeedsThe seed habit i
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Structure of Seeds 49(1971) of usin
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Structure of Seeds 51is found in as
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Structure of Seeds 53dry seed of Ly
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Structure of Seeds 553.3.2 SEED COA
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Structure of Seeds 57Endosperm: One
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Structure of Seeds 59scendembepsmuA
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Structure of Seeds 61Endosperm: Sca
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Structure of Seeds 63Chalaza simple
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Structure of Seeds 65stystypmerA Bc
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Structure of Seeds 67epsent endCADB
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Structure of Seeds 69perhscendembpe
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Structure of Seeds 71eposgepi′epo
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Structure of Seeds 73(Zea and Sorgh
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Structure of Seeds 75Baker, D.M. an
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Structure of Seeds 77Maheshwari Dev
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Structure of Seeds 79Vries, M.A. de
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82 Histopathology of Seed-Borne Inf
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TABLE 5.6Location of Mycelium of St
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7Seed Infection by VirusesViruses a
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Seed Infection by Viruses 201TABLE
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Seed Infection by Viruses 205Unlike
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Seed Infection by Viruses 2073. The
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Seed Infection by Viruses 209Wilcox
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Seed Infection by Viruses 213floret
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Seed Infection by Viruses 215ptowvv
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Seed Infection by Viruses 2177.4.2
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Seed Infection by Viruses 219seed(s
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Seed Infection by Viruses 221AMV fo
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Seed Infection by Viruses 223REFERE
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Seed Infection by Viruses 225Hunter
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Seed Infection by Viruses 227Wolf,
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