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viiiPREFACE(5) The conclusion that the Rod was apparently neveremployed by the Ancient Assyrians or the Israelites, despite theirlong connection with Egypt, where as early as c. 2000 B.C. it isdepicted in actual use ;(6) The point which, if not original, is rarely made orinsufficiently pressed, that the Line of both the ancients andmoderns down till the seventeenth century was a tight^ asopposed to a running Line.May I, as a last "bravery," state that apart from articlesin Magazines and Encyclopaedias, I do not know, with theexception of Bates's Ancient Egyptian Fishing, of any work inEnglish on Fishing, not Fish, in ancient Egypt, Assyria, Palestine,orChina, nor, with the exception of Mainzer's magazine articleon Jewish Fishing, have I come across one in French or German }If any object that I have cast my net too wide and enclosed afew things that are neither Fish nor Fishing, I must insist thatas these waters are not, as yet, adequately charted, it is well-nighimpossible to avoid some infringement of the three miles' territoriallimit. To drop metaphor, in the present state of archaeologicalresearch, it is notorious that no one subject can be fullyinvestigated without trenching here and there on allied topics.This indeed is not merely necessary, but desirable, unlessimportant side-lights are simply to be ignored.Moreover, every good Waltonian prefers the discursive to thecursive style, and would rather take part in a leisurely explorationof his preserves than skim the surface in a manner hasty and\x\-C07npleat.Whatever the demerits of my volume, written at intervalsbetween war-work and illness, I do trust that of the three countsof the indictment brought against Nicander's Theriaca, '* longa,incondita, et nullius farrago fidei," the verdict of my readers will,at any rate as regards the last, be " Not Guilty," for on this headIhave stoutly striven to avoid conviction.Reference to aid from any book or person is usually set forthin my pages ; but here and at once I acknowledge with glad
PREFACEixgratitude the debt I owe for counsel and help to certain ofmy friends, whose names I yet hesitate to state, " pour ne pointleur donner une part de responsabilite dans les fautes queje suis seul coupable d'avoir laisse subsister."They are:Mr. A. B. Cook, Reader in Classical Archaeology atCambridge ; Dr. Bernard Grenfell, Professor of Papyrology atOxford ;Dr. A. R. S. Kennedy, Professor of Hebrew and SemiticLanguages at Edinburgh ;the late, alas ! Dr. Leonard W. King,of the Assyrian Department of the British Museum ; Dr. S.Langdon, Professor of Assyriology at Oxford ; Dr.J.W.Mackail ; Dr. A. Shewan ; and last, but very far from least,Mr. H. T. Sheringham.
Page 7: FISHING FROM THE EARLIEST TIMES
Page 11 and 12: U. S. National MuseumWishing from t
Page 13: TOMY FISHING HOSTS AND FISHING FRIE
Page 19 and 20: CONTENTSPAGRPreface^^*Introduction
Page 21: CONTENTSxiiiJEWISH FISHINGCHAPTERXX
Page 24 and 25: xvi LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONSCutting up
Page 27: INTRODUCTION
Page 30 and 31: 4 INTRODUCTIONit is but seemly, it
Page 32 and 33: 6 INTRODUCTIONfor their lines, a pi
Page 34 and 35: 8 INTRODUCTIONProgress from the Egy
Page 36: 10 INTRODUCTIONdate (1660) dealing
Page 39 and 40: —TIGHT-LINE UNIVERSAL TILL 17TH C
Page 41 and 42: PALAEOLITHIC CAVES. ALTAMIRA 15Of s
Page 43 and 44: ART AND TACKLE, OLD STONE MEN 17dem
Page 45 and 46: ESKIMOS, TASMANIANS, BUSHMEN 19ston
Page 47 and 48: MEXICO 21To any claim for precedenc
Page 49 and 50: AZTEC AND PERUVIAN FISHING 23From t
Page 51 and 52: FISH Z)£-B7?/5—HUNTERS BEFORE FI
Page 53 and 54: "FISH ENGRAVINGS—MAGICAL CHARMS 2
Page 55 and 56: *THE BASIS OF MAGIC IN FISHING 29ou
Page 57 and 58: NO PALAEOLITHIC HOOK 31distinct fro
Page 59 and 60: GORGES VERSUS HOOKS 33time the hook
Page 61: HOOK READY MADE FROM THE SPUR OFEii
Page 64 and 65: 36 INTRODUCTIONand use of these poi
Page 66 and 67:
38 INTRODUCTIONsuddenly appear like
Page 68 and 69:
40 INTRODUCTIONhand fishing, and th
Page 70 and 71:
42 INTRODUCTIONEven this very up-to
Page 73 and 74:
SPIDER FISH NET—OCTOPUS LANDS COA
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ANGLING DEFINED BY PLATOINTRODUCTIO
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BY DICTIONARIES, AND JUDGES 47laid
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:INDIAN FISHING 49ichthyic wisdom
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—PERSIAN FISHING 51grappling hook
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—GEOPONIKA 53to have been written
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—FIRST " ENGLISH TREATISE ON FISH
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THE BOKE OF ST. ALBANS—TUE CELTS
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—FISH AND ANTICHRIST—SUPERSTITI
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GREEK AND ROMAN FISHING" Noster in
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GREEK AND ROMAN FISHING/CHAPTER IHO
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—GREEK AND PHCENICTAN SAILORS 65"
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AND TRADERS 67The third reason was
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2FISH EATEN ONLY BY THE POOR 69they
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2—THE SHIELD OF ACHILLES 71no exa
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FISHING FOR POT, NOT SPORT 73ladies
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FISH AND FISHING SCENE 75shown in m
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THE ROD IN HOMER 77glittering hook
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-See S. Reinach, Cultes, Mythes, et
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THE OX-HORN—HOW USED?8iBut all th
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AS PRONG, HOOK, OR BAIT? 83gap, thu
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—SEALS, EELS, PROTEUS 85greater b
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—FISHING RIDDLE CAUSES HOMER'S DE
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ORACLES-HESIOD'S DEATH89Greeted fro
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— 2THE SHIELD OF HERACLES—DOUP}
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—THEIR TRADE-UNIONISM 93kill, but
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DOLPHIN AND SCHOOLBOY 95gleanings o
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—LAKE DWELLERS—ICHTHYOPHAGl 97s
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MAN'S DESCENT FROM FISH—THE TUNNY
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:There"THE MANNA OF THE MEDITERRANE
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NUMBERS—MIGRATIONS—.ESCHYLUS 10
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MATHEMATICIANS—SIZE 105devices me
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—PLATO—BYRON—ARISTOTLE 107Whe
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a rough self-made microscope of the
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HIS NATURAL 777SrOi?y—ALEXANDERii
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DO FISH HEAR ?—EXPERIMENTS T13whe
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HIS DISSECTION OF FISH 115heart bei
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SAPPHO—ALCÛS-FISHING COMEDIES 11
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;THEOCRITUS AND ENGLISH POETS 119th
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VIRGIL—ANTHOLOGIA PALATINA—VAVY
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FISHERS' HOSPITALITY, PIETY 123or s
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whose request forAND WIT—POSEIDON
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APHRODITE—ATARGATIS 127To her, se
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FISH, " SILVER-WHITE " AND PEACOCK
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FISHERMEN ALWAYS OLD AND POOR 131Wh
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CHAPTER VIITHEOCRITUS —THE GREEK
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"THE FISHERMAN'S DREAM" 135" So wit
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FISHING EPIGRAMS—LEONIDAS 137flin
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SALMO CYA^/CC/S—DAPHNIS AND CHLOE
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CHAPTER VIIITHE TWO PLINYS—MARTIA
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FISHING—LAKE COMO 143a fishing sy
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MARTIAL AND JUVENAL—OYSTERS 145Fo
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CRESCENS HARUNDO—WHAT ? 147piscat
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THE FOWLER'S ROD JOINTED 149of a tr
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WAS THE ANGLER'S ?—TIBULLUS 151To
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FLY, OR MOSS, AS LURE? 153literary
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^^RUMINATION OF THE SCARUS 155Koi (
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hnitanturFLY PROBABLY ARTIFICIAL—
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CHAPTER XTHE SCARUS—THE EARLIEST
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:—"FIRST ACCLIMATISATION OF FISHi
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2NONNIUS—GOURMETS—DOCTORS 163be
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!^FOOD, VOICE, SLEEP, LOYALTY OF SC
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FISH-PRESERVES—ROMAN NEWSPAPER 16
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—CHAPTER XIPLUTARCH : THE CHARGE
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PLUTARCH AN ANGLER—BURTON'S LIBEL
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:JOHNSON, GUILTLESS " WORM-FOOL " L
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— ^CLEOPATRA'S ANGLING—OPPIAN'S
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AND FlRDAUSrS—//.4L/£:t7r/C^ 177
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—OCTOPUS AND TOBACCO—LEISTERING
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CAMPANIAN FISH-PLATE WITH PATTERN O
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:i82PLUTARCH—CLEOPATRA—OPPIAN
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i84PLUTARCH—CLEOPATRA—OPPIAN—
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FIRST MENTION OF ARTIFICIAL FLY 187
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::AND MATERIALS FOR DRESSING IT 189
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BUT PROBABLY USED FAR EARLIER 191Fu
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GRAYLING—MOSQUITO FLY 193read, th
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smomus—AD mosellam 195rate, no op
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PIKE UNKNOWN TO GREEKS 197" Lucius
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OXYRHYNCUS—CARV—FAST DAYS 199Th
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3—CHAPTER XIVINFATUATION FOR FISH
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SEA-FISH PREFERRED—TURBOT—PRICE
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Ciy£"F5—JUVENAL—DIOGENES' POLY
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BANQUETS—VITELLIUS—VENUS—Sf/B
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C LEOPATRA—PTOLEMY—APICIUS 209t
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——ODES TO OYSTERS! 211Anaxandri
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FISH-SAUCES—MACKEREL'S BEARD 213T
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^———CHAPTER XVFISH IN SACRIFI
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FISH, VICE HUMAN SACRIFICES—VARRO
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—FISH—SACRED, DIVINATORY, SPICE
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FISH ON COINS—ARETHUSA 221reachin
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—Some2OYSTERS—CESAR'S ENGLISH P
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——VIVARIA ROMAN, SICILIAN—ARC
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HORTENSIUS—BEJEWELLED FISH 227Mac
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2:ANTONIA'S RECORD—FISH-BREEDING
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;CHAPTER XVILEGAL REGULATIONS OF RO
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PROPERTY IN FISH—CURIOUS LAWSUIT
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A GREEK ANGLER,From the Agathemeros
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:236 TACKLE—CURIOUS METHODS—S/L
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238 TACKLE—CURIOUS METHODS—S/Lf
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240 TACKLE-CURIOUS METHODS—S/Lf/i
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SARGUS FISHING IN SHE-GOAT'S SKIN 2
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;FISHING BY MUSIC—THOR'S OX-HEAD
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RECORD BASS AND TVÂ—SILURUS WHAT
Page 289 and 290:
EEL FISHING WITH SHEEP-GUTS 247Flat
Page 291 and 292:
EELS AS GODS, AND DAINTIES 249The p
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FALSE THEORIES OF EEL PROPAGATION 2
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TILL SCHMIDT'S IN 1904 253sexually
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E ~
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.256 THE NINE FISH MOST HIGHLY PRIZ
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258 THE NINE FISH MOST HIGHLY PRIZE
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——26oTHE NINE FISH MOST HIGHLY
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——262 THE NINE FISH MOST HIGHLY
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:264 THE NINE FISH MOST HIGHLY PRIZ
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266 THE NINE FISH MOST HIGHLY PRIZE
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—;268 THE NINE FISH MOST HIGHLY P
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—,CHAPTER XIXFISH IN MYTHS, SYMBO
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272 FISH IN MYTHS, SYMBOLS. DIET, M
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—3;274 FISH IN MYTHS, SYMBOLS. DI
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2276 FISH IN MYTHS, SYMBOLS, DIET,
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—2278 FISH IN MYTHS, SYMBOLS, DIE
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^28o FISH IN MYTHS, SYMBOLS, DIET,
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—:282 FISH IN MYTHS, SYMBOLS, DIE
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284 FISH IN MYTHS, SYMBOLS, DIET, M
Page 330 and 331:
286 DIOCLETIAN'S EDICT—PRICES THE
Page 332 and 333:
288 DIOCLETIAN'S EDICT—PRICES THE
Page 334 and 335:
290 ro:man and modern piscicultureT
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292 ROMAN AND MODERN PISCICULTUREmo
Page 339:
—CHAPTER XXIITHE RING OF HELENIn
Page 343 and 344:
EGYPTIAN FISHING
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:EGYPTIAN FISHING^CHAPTER XXIII"THE
Page 347 and 348:
TOMB REPRESENTATIONS—ANGLERS' DEB
Page 349 and 350:
STONE PALETTES—IMITATIVE MAGIC 30
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2CHAPTER XXIVTACKLE" / tell you tha
Page 354 and 355:
AN EGYPTIAN REEL.From F. LI. Griffi
Page 356 and 357:
310 TACKLE
Page 358 and 359:
2^312 TACKLEappears to have found e
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^314 TACKLERoman times, are well de
Page 363 and 364:
HAND-LINING—BAITS3i5province whic
Page 365 and 366:
special interest.NETS—GENERAL MET
Page 369 and 370:
CHAPTER XXVABSTENTION FROM FISHThe
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—BY KINGS AND PRIESTS—PIANKHI 3
Page 373 and 374:
FISH HIEROGLYPHS SUPPRESSED IN TOMB
Page 375 and 376:
FISH AND GODS—FISH MUMMIES 325Fig
Page 377 and 378:
CHAPTER XXVISACREDFISHApart from th
Page 379 and 380:
WHY SOME SACRED P—TOTEMISM 329But
Page 381 and 382:
CROCODILE WORSHIP. AND CATCHING 331
Page 383 and 384:
CHAPTER XXVIIFISHERIES—ATTEMPTED
Page 385 and 386:
FISH AS QUEENS' PIN-MONEY, AND TAXE
Page 387 and 388:
DEPRECIATION OF MONEY 337the big ma
Page 389 and 390:
HERODOTUS, ARISTOTLE ON SPAWNING 33
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GROWTH OF HAIR—GUNNAR'S BOWSTRING
Page 393 and 394:
POEM OF DESCENT TO HADES 343the mod
Page 395:
RING SYMBOL OF UNION OF KING AND SE
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ASSYRIAN FISHING^CHAPTER XXXNO ROD,
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2SUMERIANS—BABYLONIANS—ASSYRIAN
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BABYLONIAN THE LINGUA FRANCA 353the
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CHAPTER XXXIFISHING METHODSThe rele
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SAME WORD EQUALS HOOK AND THORN 357
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âksM
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— ——CHAPTER XXXIITHE EARLIEST
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362 THE EARLIEST CONTRACT OF FISHIN
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—364 FISH-GODS—DAGONof the Baby
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3—366 FISH-GODS—DAGONor horse-g
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368 FISH-GODS—DAGONstream of wate
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370 LEGENDS OF ADAPA AND OF THE FLO
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^372 LEGENDS OF ADAPA AND OF THE FL
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374 FISH—VIVARIA—FIRST POACHING
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—376 FISH—VIVARIA—FIRST POACH
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2378 FISH—VIVARIA—FIRST POACHIN
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38oFISH- VIVARIA—FIRST POACHINGTh
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CHAPTER XXXVlFISH IN OFFERINGS, AUG
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384 FISH IN OFFERINGS, AUGURIES, ET
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32386 FISH IN OFFERINGS. AUGURIES,
Page 444 and 445:
:388 FISH IN OFFERINGS, AUGURIES, E
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390 FISH IN OFFERINGS, AUGURIES, ET
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—•392 THE FIGHT BETWEEN MARDUK
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BEOWULF—MARDUK THE FIRST GASSER 3
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TOKiAs, IN Lit Aladoiiiia del I'csc
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398 ROD NOT EMPLOYED—REASONSKing,
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400 ROD NOT EMPLOYED—REASONSof Ho
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402 ROD NOT EMPLOYED—REASONSTo ac
Page 464 and 465:
2404 ROD NOT EMPLOYED—REASONSchin
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:4o6ROD NOT EMPLOYED—REASONSof, o
Page 468 and 469:
4o8ROD NOT EMPLOYED—REASONSTo mos
Page 470 and 471:
410 ROD NOT EMPLOYED—REASONSSea-f
Page 472 and 473:
412 ROD NOT EMPLOYED—REASONSeven
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—.:•CHAPTER XXXIXFISHWITH AND W
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4i6FORBIDDEN FISH—NETTING—F/Fî
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—4i8FORBIDDEN FISH—NETTING—F7
Page 480 and 481:
420 FORBIDDEN FISH—NETTING—F/F^
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422 FORBIDDEN FISH—NETTING—F/F^
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2CHAPTER XLICHTHYOLATRY IMPROBABLE
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426 FISH NOT IN SACRIFICE OR AUGURY
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;428 FISH NOT IN SACRIFICE OR AUGUR
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430 FISH NOT IN SACRIFICE OR AUGURY
Page 492 and 493:
432 THE FISH OF TOBIAS—DEMONIC PO
Page 494 and 495:
434 THE FISH OF TOBIAS—DEMONIC PO
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;436 THE FISH OF TOBIAS—DEMONIC P
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CHAPTER XLIITHE FISH OF MOSES—JON
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!440 FISH OF MOSES—JONAH—SOLOMO
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;442 FISH OF MOSES—JONAH—SOLOMO
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:444 FISH OF MOSES—JONAH—SOLOMO
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CHINESE FISHING
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CHINESE FISHINGCHAPTER XLIII"PLUS U
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4DATES—EARLIEST USE OF GUT 451Pap
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BARBLESS HOOKS—CONFUCIUS 453time
Page 517 and 518:
—NET BEFORE ROD—ANGLING 455to o
Page 519 and 520:
A BAIT OF "FIFTY WHOLE OXEN!" 457co
Page 521:
CHINESE NETTING.From Tii Shu Chi Ch
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46oCHINESE FISHINGpatiently for air
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462 CHINESE FISHINGas to shelter an
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464 CHINESE FISHING"the first pre-P
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466 CHINESE FISHINGThis time we hav
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468 CHINESE FISHINGglided down stre
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——INDEXAbbott, F. F., 285Abram,
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——472 INDEXColumella, 205, 212,
Page 538 and 539:
1474INDEXHearing of fish, Aristotle
Page 540 and 541:
—476 INDEXNarke fish, see Torpedo
Page 542:
478 INDEXSulpicius Severus, 199Sume
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