Naming and Directory Services (DNS, NIS, and LDAP)

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Suggested Background ReadingTo learn more about any of the aforementioned concepts or to study LDAP and thedeployment of directory services in general, refer to the following sources:■■■Understanding and Deploying LDAP Directory Services by Timothy A. Howes, Ph.D.and Mark C. SmithIn addition to providing a thorough treatment of LDAP directory services, thisbook includes useful case studies on deploying LDAP. Examples of deploymentsinclude a large university, a large multinational enterprise, and an enterprise withan extranet.Sun Java System Directory Server Deployment Guide, which is included with theSun Java Enterprise System documentationThis guide provides a foundation for planning your directory, including directorydesign, schema design, the directory tree, topology, replication, and security. Thelast chapter provides sample deployment scenarios to help you plan both simple,smaller-scale deployments and complex worldwide deployments.Sun Java System Directory Server Administration Guide, which is included with theSun Java Enterprise System documentationAdditional PrerequisiteIf you need to install Sun Java System Directory Server, refer to the Installation Guidefor the version of Sun Java System Directory Server that you are using.LDAP Naming Services Compared toOther Naming ServicesThe following table shows a comparison between the DNS, NIS, NIS+, and LDAPnaming services.DNS NIS NIS+ LDAPNamespace Hierarchical Flat Hierarchical HierarchicalData StorageFiles/resourcerecords2 column maps Multi-columned Directoriestables (varied)Indexed database126 System Administration Guide: Naming and Directory Services (DNS, NIS, and LDAP) • January 2005
DNS NIS NIS+ LDAPServers Master/slave Master/slave Root master/non-rootmaster;primary/secondary;cache/stubMaster/replicaMulti masterreplicaSecurity None None (root ornothing)Secure RPC(AUTH_DH)AuthenticationSSL, variedTransport TCP/IP RPC RPC TCP/IPScale Global LAN LAN GlobalAdvantages of LDAP Naming Services■■■■■LDAP enables you to consolidate information by replacing application-specificdatabases, which reduces the number of distinct databases to be managed.LDAP allows data to be shared by different naming services.LDAP provides a central repository for data.LDAP allows for more frequent data synchronization between masters andreplicas.LDAP is multi-platform and multi-vendor compatible.Restrictions of LDAP Naming ServicesFollowing are some restrictions associated with LDAP naming services:■■■■Clients prior to Solaris 8 are not supported.An LDAP server cannot be its own client.Setting up and managing an LDAP naming services is more complex and requirescareful planning.A NIS client and a Native LDAP client cannot co-exist on the same client machine.Note – A directory server (an LDAP server) cannot be its own client. That is, you cannotconfigure the machine that is running the directory server software to become anLDAP naming services client.Chapter 8 • Introduction to LDAP Naming Services (Overview/Reference) 127
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System Administration Guide:Naming
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ContentsPreface 15Part I About Nami
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Server-List Mode 77Broadcast Mode 7
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Using Fully Qualified Domain Names
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Checking Server Data From a Non-Cli
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Replication Timestamps 268The Direc
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ExamplesEXAMPLE 2-1 NIS+ Switch Fil
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PrefaceSolaris Administration Guide
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Related Books■ Sun Java System Di
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PARTIAbout Naming and Directory Ser
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CHAPTER 1Naming and Directory Servi
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A network information service store
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docS2S1sales.docS3manf.docC1 C2 C3
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Subsequent changes in your organiza
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NIS+ uses a client-server model to
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CHAPTER 2The Name Service Switch (O
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TABLE 2-1 Switch File Information S
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networks: nis [NOTFOUND=return] fil
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Note - In order to use LDAP naming
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EXAMPLE 2-3 Files Switch File Templ
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Selecting a Different Configuration
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Caution - Potential delay issues:
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PARTIIDNS Setup and AdministrationT
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CHAPTER 3DNS Setup and Administrati
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DNS and the Service ManagementFacil
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EXAMPLE 3-2 Sample named.conf File
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etc/rndc.confComparison of BIND 8 a
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Options {Changes[ directory path_na
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Options {Changes[ sortlist { addres
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options {blackhole { ; ... };coresi
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};print-time ;print-severity ;print
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};maintain-ixfr-base ; // obsoletem
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PARTIIINIS Setup and Administration
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CHAPTER 4Network Information Servic
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NIS Machine TypesThere are three ty
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Note - rpc.yppasswdd considers all
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TABLE 4-3 NIS Map DescriptionsMap N
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Page 91 and 92: Setting Up NIS ClientsThe two metho
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Page 111 and 112: Using NIS in Conjunction With DNSTy
Page 113 and 114: CHAPTER 7NIS TroubleshootingThis ch
Page 115 and 116: Client7# ls /var/yp...-rwxr-xr-x 1
Page 117 and 118: Note - For security reasons, the us
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Page 123 and 124: PARTIVLDAP Naming Services Setup an
Page 125: CHAPTER 8Introduction to LDAP Namin
Page 129 and 130: CHAPTER 9LDAP Basic Components andC
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Page 139 and 140: TABLE 9-2 Client Profile Attributes
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Page 143 and 144: Caution - Allowing anonymous write
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Page 149 and 150: TABLE 9-5 pam_unix versus pam_ldapP
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Page 153 and 154: CHAPTER 10Planning Requirements for
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Page 157 and 158: For information about how to set up
Page 159 and 160: Because the entries are stored in t
Page 161 and 162: CHAPTER 11Setting Up Sun Java Syste
Page 163 and 164: Note - If you are using hostnames i
Page 165 and 166: Using Service Search Descriptors to
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Page 169 and 170: EXAMPLE 11-1 Running idsconfig for
Page 171 and 172: EXAMPLE 11-1 Running idsconfig for
Page 173 and 174: Populating the Directory Server Wit
Page 175 and 176: Migrating Your Sun Java SystemDirec
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CHAPTER 12Setting Up LDAP Clients (
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■dependencyrequire_all/none svc:/
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System successfully configuredThe -
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Setting Up TLS SecurityNote - The s
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Retrieving LDAP Naming ServicesInfo
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Enabling DNS With LDAPIf you want t
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CHAPTER 13LDAP Troubleshooting (Ref
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Checking the Current Profile Inform
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5. No password is defined for the u
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CHAPTER 14LDAP General Reference (R
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CompatibilityClients configured on
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General LDAP ToolsLDAP command line
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other password required pam_dhkeys.
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IETF Schemas for LDAPSchemas are de
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SYNTAX ’INTEGER’ SINGLE-VALUE )
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( nisSchema.2.5 NAME ’oncRpc’ S
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Directory User Agent Profile(DUAPro
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Solaris SchemasThe schemas required
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( 1.3.6.1.4.1.42.2.27.5.2.4 NAME
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EQUALITY caseIgnoreMatch ORDERING c
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"edge-stitch-bottom", "staple-dual-
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Legal values include; "unknown", "b
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client generates protocol extension
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ootparams(&(objectclass=bootableDev
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TABLE 14-5 getent Attribute Filters
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CHAPTER 15Transitioning From NIS to
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■■Chapter 4, for an overview of
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TABLE 15-1 Terminology Related to t
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Transitioning From NIS to LDAP (Tas
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■ The name of the configuration f
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d. Start the NIS daemons to ensure
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Tip - The original NIS dbm files ar
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ou=servdates, ?one? \objectClass=se
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For example, to increase the minimu
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Object class violationError Number:
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Problem: Object class violations oc
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▼How to Revert to Maps Based on O
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CHAPTER 16Transitioning From NIS+ t
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“client_info and timezone Tables
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2. Stop the NIS+ service.# svcadm d
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■nisplusLDAPconfigProxyPasswordSe
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■■■■■■■■■■nispl
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Carefully consider how critical it
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Assuming the defaultSearchBase valu
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▼How to Convert All NIS+ Data to
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7. Create merged versions of the ta
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eplica. For example, assume that th
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traffic. For example, if the rpc.ni
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■■■passwordnisplusLDAPproxyPa
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NIS+ Entry Owner, Group, Access, an
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homeDirectory=home, \loginShell=she
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Set the owner of the link object to
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NAME ’nisplusClientInfoData’ \D
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nisplusLDAPdatabaseIdMappingIf this
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nisplusLDAPobjectDNThe cname column
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nisplusLDAPcolumnFromAttribute \net
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NIS+/LDAP configuration attributes
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NAME ’nisplusLDAPbaseDomain’ \D
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APPENDIXASolaris 10 Software Update
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It is not possible to provide a cle
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Glossaryapplication-levelnaming ser
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DNS zonesDNS zone filesdomainAdmini
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N2L servername resolutionname serve
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server listslave serverSee preferre
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IndexNumbers and Symbols+/- Syntaxc
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IP address, 300ipsec(7), 144IPv6, n
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NIS (Continued)stopping, 112stoppin
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private key, 301Profiles, LDAP clie
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yppush command, NIS problems, 120yp
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