MARSHAL LOUIS N. DAVOUT AND THE ART OF COMMAND A ...

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were the essential ingredient in the army's success. Finally, it will show how Davout influenced the outcome of the battles. Defining such a large topic as the art of command using one leader in one specific situation can be considered rather myopic. Some may argue that the characteristics will only be applicable in a similar narrowly defined situation. However, this detailed view is essentially what is needed to provide some sort of definition to the art of command. Certainly another leader or another set of battles could be chosen. But this leader and the selected battles leave little doubt about the art of command. The battles represented allow the art of command to be examined in all three levels of warfare: strategic, operational, and tactical. The strategic level refers to that level of warfare which involves the national interests. The art of command at this level involves the art and science of employing military power to achieve or secure goals of national interest. Davout does this during 1808 when he is the senior man in the German theater of operations. The second level of warfare is the operational level of war. Many argue that this level of warfare is more of a modern creation. However, its presence is noted in Napoleonic times but is more commonly referred to as
the grand tactic. Operational warfare or grand tactics are major campaigns within a theater used to accomplish strategic objectives. It is more or less a link between the tactical and strategic level of warfare. This is the period of time when Davout is the commander of all forces of the Army of Germany before the arrival of Napoleon. Finally the tactical level is the art of fighting battles and engagements. The period of 19 through 23 April 1809 provides numerous opportunities to examine Davout's art of command at this level. Davoutls leadership here not only allows one to witness the art of command, it saved the French army from defeat at the hands of the Austrians along the Danube River in Bavaria. Davout certainly did not defeat the Austrians by himself, there were other factors such as the superior quality of his subordinates and the high caliber of his soldiers that contributed to the French victories. However, it will become obvious that without Davout victory may not have been attained as easily as it was. Left to Napoleon it quite possibly could have met defeat, possible intervention by Prussia, and quite probably the end of the French Empire six years early. Fortunately for the French, Davout displayed an art of command at Abensberg-Eckmuehl that ensured success during the early phases of Napoleon's 1809 campaign.
Page 3 and 4: ABSTRACT MARSHAL LOUIS N. DAVOUT AN
Page 5 and 6: TABLE OF CONTENTS ?&%slsAPPROVALPAG
Page 7 and 8: CHAPTER 1 BUT WHAT ARE WE TO UNDERS
Page 9 and 10: the study of simple strategy and ta
Page 11: This fact becomes even more obvious
Page 15 and 16: Burgundian countryside. He was born
Page 17 and 18: In1803 Davout was given command of
Page 19 and 20: then launch a major offensive into
Page 21 and 22: This attack'then ensured victory fo
Page 23 and 24: would actually go to war. However,
Page 25 and 26: Bluecher made four unsuccessful att
Page 27 and 28: fight entirely on his own. The batt
Page 29 and 30: title until two years after the bat
Page 31 and 32: Without hesitation Davout pushed fo
Page 33 and 34: most of his marshals, generals, the
Page 35 and 36: CHAPTER 3 THE AUSTRIANS ARE OUR WOR
Page 37 and 38: Finally, with Davout's information
Page 39 and 40: Austrian influence in Germany and I
Page 41 and 42: organization, always slow to act. M
Page 43 and 44: course of action. They now had a be
Page 45 and 46: elieved Prince Eugene and Marshal A
Page 47 and 48: 22 March Davout had sent a message
Page 49 and 50: were designated VII Corps and consi
Page 51 and 52: and intelligence at the strategic l
Page 53 and 54: across the Danube. The Austrians al
Page 55 and 56: transmitted from Napoleon to Berthi
Page 57 and 58: Normally, the message dispatched by
Page 59 and 60: me that the best maneuver would be
Page 61 and 62: Berthier chose to overlook this cor
Page 63 and 64:
Landshut were only one corps and no
Page 65 and 66:
destroy him. On the eighteenth Char
Page 67 and 68:
critical for the French. Napoleon r
Page 69 and 70:
Throughout these ten days before th
Page 71 and 72:
CHAPTER 5 YOU ONLY HAVE A CURTAIN O
Page 73 and 74:
Gudin to support the movement of hi
Page 75 and 76:
well. They bought Davout the necess
Page 77 and 78:
The remainder of the Austrians then
Page 79 and 80:
His tactical leadership was at its
Page 81 and 82:
Napoleon's vision of the battlefiel
Page 83 and 84:
against the French. His troops succ
Page 85 and 86:
to surrender at 5:00 P.M. Now Charl
Page 87 and 88:
pursuit on two parallel roads leadi
Page 89 and 90:
important part in Davout's decision
Page 91 and 92:
orders and directions. While Davout
Page 93 and 94:
Corps. He received no reply from th
Page 95 and 96:
convinced he was being attacked by
Page 97 and 98:
CHAPTER 6 THE DUKE OF AUERSTAEDT IS
Page 99 and 100:
eginning to feel the fatigue of con
Page 101 and 102:
Just as the Austrians began to move
Page 103 and 104:
effect, Davoutfs forces became the
Page 105 and 106:
The French carabiniers fired a volZ
Page 107 and 108:
Charles would lose his desire to st
Page 109 and 110:
The ~re'nch prevailed over the Aust
Page 111 and 112:
CHAPTER 7 IN BATTLE MEN ARE NOTHING
Page 113 and 114:
counter orders did nothing but conf
Page 115 and 116:
doctrine, and most importantly the
Page 117 and 118:
The art of war on land is an art of
Page 119 and 120:
Maintaining this vision or coup d'o
Page 121 and 122:
internal fears rather than obstinac
Page 123 and 124:
who never made a mistake. The key i
Page 125 and 126:
too seemed only to be small diversi
Page 127 and 128:
helped to provide definition to the
Page 129 and 130:
Figure 1.Theater of Operations.
Page 131 and 132:
INITIALACTIONSABOUT 1500Counteratta
Page 133 and 134:
Figure 5.Davout's Running Fight on
Page 135 and 136:
N1- 'LABER RIVER' SCHlERLlNGLANNESI
Page 137 and 138:
Reserve Division: Demont' (3,215) 2
Page 139 and 140:
APPENDIX C ORDER OF BATTLE CHANGES
Page 141 and 142:
ll~avidG. Chandler, The Cam~aians o
Page 143 and 144:
3~hisis noted in Napoleon's corresp
Page 145 and 146:
20~his is from correspondence numbe
Page 147 and 148:
WORKS CITED Primarv Sources Bonapar
Page 149 and 150:
Arnold, James R. Crisis on The Danu
Page 151 and 152:
ackground material and specifics on
Page 153 and 154:
secondary source but all informatio
Page 155 and 156:
INITIAL DISTRIBUTION LIST 1. , Comb
Page 157:
STATEMENT A: Approved for public re
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