Documento PDF - UniCA Eprints - Università degli studi di Cagliari.
Documento PDF - UniCA Eprints - Università degli studi di Cagliari.
Documento PDF - UniCA Eprints - Università degli studi di Cagliari.
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L I S T O F F I G U R E SFigure 1.1Figure 1.2Figure 1.3Figure 1.4Figure 1.5Figure 2.1Figure 2.2Figure 2.3Figure 2.4Figure 2.5Working principle of an organic bilayersolar cell. 3Characteristic voltage-current of a solarcell. 4Organic photovoltaic efficiencies from1986 to 2013 (figure from [1]). 5Efficiency of hybrid solar cells composedby P3HT and TiO 2 or ZnO. 6Normalized UV-Vis absorption spectrafor thin films (6 nm) of P3HT onglass (squares), ZnO (circles), and C 16 SHmo<strong>di</strong>fied ZnO (triangles) (figure fromref.[2]). 10P3HT molecule composed by 16 thiophenes.18Interaction energy of a thiophene <strong>di</strong>meras a function of the thiophenes <strong>di</strong>stancecalculated accor<strong>di</strong>ng to MPMD(symbols) CCSD(T) (continuous line)and MP2 (dotted line) methods (figurefrom [3]). 19Assembling of P3HT molecules. In theh-mechanism the assembling of singleP3HT chains is driven by the π −π interactions, resulting in the formationof h-foil (left). In the s-mechanismthe assembling brings to the formationof s-foils (right). 20Static interaction between two P3HTchains at <strong>di</strong>fferent π − π <strong>di</strong>stances. 20Static interaction between two P3HTchains at <strong>di</strong>fferent inter<strong>di</strong>gitation <strong>di</strong>stances.21xi