The Scottish Celtic review

;;;;;7. Indo-European pSkr. p)itd (father ; stem ^^-iicM')Zend pita (father;Lat. pater, Umbr. jMter;O.H.G. fatar. Germ, vater.Gr. e-TTTaLat. septem (seven);O. Ir. suan (sleep) = * so^Ji!-18 Illustfations of the Application of Orhum's Law.O. Ir. mad (red), Mod. Gael, rwiteach (ruddy);Gr. root epvO, epevdw (to make red), epeuOpo? (red), epevOo^(reduess)Lat. ruber (red, ruddy), ruheo (to be red or ruddy), rubor(redness), rufus (red, reddish) ; Umbr. rufru ;Goth, rauds (red), ga-riud-jd (shame-facedness); A.S. reod, rude,read, red, Eng. redO.H.G. rot (red), rost (rust). Germ, roth (red) ;Ice. rj6dha (to redden), rjddhr (ruddy);Slav, riidru (red), rilzda (redness)Lith. raitdd (red colour), rudas (reddish brown), rudls (rust).;is represented in Sanscrit by }} or ph, inZend by ji or/, in Old Iri.sh it disa[)pears (always when initial) oris replaced by c (ch when vowel-flanked), in Greek by tt, in Latinby p, in Gothic by/, in Old High German by / or b, and inSlavonic and Lithuanian by p.Examples (1) Indo-Europ. root *'patar (father), from root *j)f2(to guard, noui'ish, defend);stem^rato?');0. Ir. athir (father), gen. atluxr;Or. iraTt'ip (father ; stem iruTep) ;Goth, fadar, A.S. faeder; Eng. father ;(2). Indo-Europ. root *saptan (seven), *saptaina (seventli)Skr. saptan (seven), saptama (seventh)Zend haptan (seven), saptamas (the seventh);0. Ir. secht (seven), aechtmad (seventh);(seven), el3So/xoi (seventh);sepiturnus and Septimus (seventh);Goth, sibun (seven), A.S. seofon and seofan (seven), Eng.seven, A.S. seofodha (seventh), Eng. seventhSlav, sednvt (seven), sedmyj (seventh)Lith. septyiii (seven), septlntas, se'hnas (the seventh).(3). Indo-Europ. root *svap (to sleep), * svapna (sleep)Skr. root svap (to sleep), svapnas (sleep)Zend qap (sleep), qafna (sleep)Gr. virvm (sleep) ;;;;;;