The Scottish Celtic review

The Celtic and Teutonic fAinguages. 209a heap), Corn, eruc (a hillock, a mound), Arm. creek (a.scent),Cfugel (a heap).55. Cruaidh and raiv, rime.Cruaidh (hard), in 0. Gael, criuiid = *craudi, is cognate withLat. criul-v.s (crude), Gr. Kpuo? (frost), Skr. kniras (sore, bleeding,hard), Zend, khriira (frightful). Ice. hrd-r (raw), Dan. raa (raw,crude) for hraa, A.S. hredw (raw), Eng. raw for hratu; Ice. hri-'rn(rime), A.S. hri-m, Eng. ri-me for hri-Tiie. The Teut. stem ishrdra, to which also belong A.S. hreov (cruel, fierce), hreo (rough),0. Eng. hreoh (fierce). The Indo-Europ. root is kru (to be hard,stiff, or sore).56. Cruim and Ice. hrang.Cridm (thunder) = *crongvi, has been connected b}- Stokes (cfBeitr. viii, 327) with Ice. hrang or hrong (noise, din, tumult) asan example of m (rub) = ngv.57. Cruimh and worm (?).Cruim,h (worm), in O. Gael, crwirn, is cognate with Skr. krmis(worm), Lith. kirmis (worm), Ch.-Slav. crUvt (worm), Lat. vermis(worm) for cvermis. With these words Schleicher (Comp. Gramm.,p. 315) connects Goth, vaiirms (serpent) for * hvurms. Eng.worm is, of course, connected with vaurms. The connection ofthe Teutonic words, although possible, is considered doubtful byCurtius and Fick. The primitive base was karmi-s (worm),from which a base qvarmi-s, which would explain the aboveforms, may have been developed. Cf Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 542.The Brit, forms are W. pryf. (worm) Corn, prt/f, Arm. pre'v (worm).58. Cruinn and ring.Cru,inn (round) = 0. Gael, criiind = *curindo-s (Stokes), fromroot cur identical with Gr. root Kvp, kv\, from which are derivedKvp-To-i (bent), Kip-Ko? (a kind of hawk or falcon, which flies inwheels or circles ; a circle), ki/X-Xo? (bent), kv-k\-09 (circle), kv\-1-co(I roll), KvX-iuS-oo (I roll). With these words are connected Lat.cur-vii-s (crooked), cir-cu-s (circle), Skr. Ica-kr-a-s (wheel, circle),O.H.G. hring. Ice. hring-r, A.S. hring, Eng. ring (with initial hdropped). The Gael, word cuairt (circuit) belongs to this root.The Brit, forms are W. c«y?i?i (round). Corn, cren rrouiid). Arm.crenn (ronnd).o