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The Scottish Celtic review

The Scottish Celtic review The Scottish Celtic review

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—;100 The Lau-s of Auslaut in Irish.(mcreitmech in the sentence creitmech sin as messa ancreitmech(fidelis liaec quae est deterior quam infidelis) Z. 917, for aninstrumental; also, ind adaig thi!issech (in the first night) FledBrier. 83; in tan (when; tan fern., time), alongside of the dativein iar tain. In the course of time, this old instrumental wasentirely supplanted by the dative-form : alongside of lia tureen(Fled Brier. 28), appears mo turim (greater than can be told) Hy.5, 18.On the other hand, we have the real ablative of or in the conjunctionoj^e, uare (because) Z. 708. In the declension-paradigm, thisform must be given in the first place, as a genitive ; but similarlyin Sanskrit the genitive and ablative sing, of the feminines in dcoincide. Also the accusative (or dative) I'lair is used as a conjunctionin the sense of " because."XII. i stood originally in the last syllable. It penetrated intothe preceding syllable, and was dropped in the auslaut. To thisclass belong the following cases :1. The nom. and ace. sing, of the neut. stems in /. E.g.,muir, for prehistoric mori, = Lat. mare ;guin (wound), for pi-ehistoricgon-i; buald (victory), for prehistoric b(kl-i. Cf. Ebelin Beitr. zur Vergl. Spr., vi. 223.After the analogy of the neut. stems in a, an n has crept inafter these forms, as if to mark the neuter : muir n-icht (mareIctium) Z. 235; see B. iv. 2.2. The 2nd sing, of the absolute-flexion of the present, whichmay be best observed in the 1st conjugation (= Lat. 3rd). Thesingle s of the termination must have fallen away, according tothe Irish laws of sound. E.g., beri (thou bearest), for prehistoricberes-i, = Gr. ^e'peiy.Similarly, tlie same person in the s-future : t^si (thou wilt orshalt go), for prehistoric tesses-i = Gr. a-rei^et? (Beitr. zur Vergl.Spr. vii. 46).3. The 3rd sing, of the absolute-flexion of the present. The tof the termination -ti is repi-esented by th, generally d. E.g.,berid (he bears), for prehistoi'ic berct-i, = Gr. tpepei, Skr. bharat-iibid, for prehistoric {[j)ibct-i, — Skr. 'jpihati. Likewise, whenever-id appears in any 3rd pers. sing., e.g., in the ?^-future jp'^'^'^chibid.Under this head comes likewise is, for prehistoric est-i, = Gr.eo-Ti, Ski-, asti ; aXso fail, feil, fd (there is, "es gibt"), for prehistoricvel-ti, Lat. volt. Whilst in is (iss) the t of the personal-termination-ti has been assimilated to the preceding s, injil the t, having

—:The Laws of Audaut in Irish. 101come into the auslaut, was dropped.If/t'(7,/i?, occurred onlyconjunctlj'(nifil.ajil, conjil), it might be referred to vel-it ; but thenfil appears in the ancient language also absolutely. For the absolutefi.1,however, wc must, according to the analogy of berid,assume a ground-form with a primary personal-termination, andare thus led back to a prehistoric vclti, a form which is also demandedby the thei-eto belonging conjunctive fcl, for prehistoricvel-at. See B. IX. 2.4. The 3rd pers. plur. of the absolute-flexion of the present.Original anti represented, according to tlie Irish phoneticlaws, by -it. E.g. berit (they bear), for prehistoric heravt-i, =Doi-. ^epoi'Ti ; tiagait (they go), for prehistoric tegant-i, — Gr.(TTeixovato.The dat. sing, of the consonantal stems. By this assumption wetake, as Ebel does (Beitr. zur Vergl. Spr. i. 169), this case to be, accordingto its form, an original locative,like the dat. of the Greek 3rddeclension. But since also ai, the termination of the Indo-Germ.dative, must have led to the Old Ir. forms before us, it is possiblethat here, cases, which differ both in function and in form, mayhave been blended into one case. E.g., Old Ir. Joncl athir (patri),for prehistoric (p)ater-i, = Gr. warepi ;do fill (poetae), for prehistoricre^ei-ii ; do menmain, for prehistoric mennian-i, — Skr.manman-i.The neuter stems in man (ainm, name ;cuirm, beer, Z. 208)have, however, preserved in the dative an old instrumental-form,as was already seen by Siegfried (Beitr. zur Vergl. Spr. i. 452)anmaimm for prehistoric anmamm-i, originating out of anmanmi,with sufRx mi like Lith. aJcmen-i-mi.6. Some prepositions, viz. :Imb, imm, for prehistoric amb-i, = Gr. u^^/, Z. 654.The original final vowel is occasionally preserved in composition,e.g., in imme-churetar (negotiantur) Z. 876. Imm, im, becauseoriginally ending in a vowel, aspirates the following word : michurpat (circa carpentum) Z. 654.Aiili, for prehistoric fli-i, corresponding etymologically to Skr.ati, Gr. eVi, but used like Lat. re-, iterv.m (Z. 869). This particleis found only in composition. For aith- we find also aid-,id, and, before a sj'llable with a broad vowel, occasionally evenad-.E.g., aidr-chrochad (crucifixio iterata); aith-rech (paenitens), cf.Goth, id-reiga (repentance), id-veit (disgrace)."Whether aithir(,e,

—;100 <strong>The</strong> Lau-s of Auslaut in Irish.(mcreitmech in the sentence creitmech sin as messa ancreitmech(fidelis liaec quae est deterior quam infidelis) Z. 917, for aninstrumental; also, ind adaig thi!issech (in the first night) FledBrier. 83; in tan (when; tan fern., time), alongside of the dativein iar tain. In the course of time, this old instrumental wasentirely supplanted by the dative-form : alongside of lia tureen(Fled Brier. 28), appears mo turim (greater than can be told) Hy.5, 18.On the other hand, we have the real ablative of or in the conjunctionoj^e, uare (because) Z. 708. In the declension-paradigm, thisform must be given in the first place, as a genitive ; but similarlyin Sanskrit the genitive and ablative sing, of the feminines in dcoincide. Also the accusative (or dative) I'lair is used as a conjunctionin the sense of " because."XII. i stood originally in the last syllable. It penetrated intothe preceding syllable, and was dropped in the auslaut. To thisclass belong the following cases :1. <strong>The</strong> nom. and ace. sing, of the neut. stems in /. E.g.,muir, for prehistoric mori, = Lat. mare ;guin (wound), for pi-ehistoricgon-i; buald (victory), for prehistoric b(kl-i. Cf. Ebelin Beitr. zur Vergl. Spr., vi. 223.After the analogy of the neut. stems in a, an n has crept inafter these forms, as if to mark the neuter : muir n-icht (mareIctium) Z. 235; see B. iv. 2.2. <strong>The</strong> 2nd sing, of the absolute-flexion of the present, whichmay be best observed in the 1st conjugation (= Lat. 3rd). <strong>The</strong>single s of the termination must have fallen away, according tothe Irish laws of sound. E.g., beri (thou bearest), for prehistoricberes-i, = Gr. ^e'peiy.Similarly, tlie same person in the s-future : t^si (thou wilt orshalt go), for prehistoric tesses-i = Gr. a-rei^et? (Beitr. zur Vergl.Spr. vii. 46).3. <strong>The</strong> 3rd sing, of the absolute-flexion of the present. <strong>The</strong> tof the termination -ti is repi-esented by th, generally d. E.g.,berid (he bears), for prehistoi'ic berct-i, = Gr. tpepei, Skr. bharat-iibid, for prehistoric {[j)ibct-i, — Skr. 'jpihati. Likewise, whenever-id appears in any 3rd pers. sing., e.g., in the ?^-future jp'^'^'^chibid.Under this head comes likewise is, for prehistoric est-i, = Gr.eo-Ti, Ski-, asti ; aXso fail, feil, fd (there is, "es gibt"), for prehistoricvel-ti, Lat. volt. Whilst in is (iss) the t of the personal-termination-ti has been assimilated to the preceding s, injil the t, having

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