Riyadh - School of Architecture

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DESIGN GUIDELINEOBJECTIVE \ ELEMENT1.HEAT AVIODANCEMinimize Heat Gain in FirstHandGROUND COURTYARD PROGRAM DISTRIBUTE URBAN SCALEVEGETATIONIf possible, provide vegetationto buffer the building with thelandscape. Vegetation help reduceheat gain through shadingoff buildng and providing lessreflective, conductive surface.Xerophytes will be more climaticallysutiable choice.DEPTH-WIDTH RATIOGenerally D>W, shading off is paramount.MODIFIED MIRCOCLIMATEUse vegetation and moving waterin courtyard to modify element toa less extreme level for intake tointeriorLIGHTINGReduced plan depth will allowbetter natural lightingMINIMISE INTERNAL GAINDesign should minimize any internalheat gain through buildingactivities (e.g. cooking). Theseareas should be separated frommain buildingBUFFERING THE WESTNon habitable room (e.g. storage,toilet) should be located onthe western side of building toact as thermal buffer to habitedspace.GROUPED BUILDIINGHouses should have their East-West wall grouped together toprovide mutual shading to thesetwo most exposed orientation.RESTRAINED OPEN SPACEStreet should be narrow to minimizeheat exposure and take advantageof shading from building.Avoid large open space, outdoorspace should be shaded, compactand inward-looking, facingback harsh weather2.PASSIVETHERMAL TRANSFERBalancing & Taking Advantageof Dirunal TemperatureExtremeGROUND COUPLINGThe ground itself provides idealthermal mass to help balancethermal load in a building. Buildingshould maximize contactwith ground. By means includingusing heat absorbing material(e.g. stone, earth) for foundation;Floor with conductivematerial; or partly submergingbuilding into the ground.TRANSFORMABLEOpening of courtyard can becovered with large moveablecurtain or canvas which canchange opening size as timechange. Closing off in day to preserveground cool air and blockradiation, and open up at nightto maximize surface for night timeradiation coolingACTIVITY DISTRBUTIONNighttime activity area (i.e. Bedroom)should be located on upperlevel (benifit from nighttimecooling) or eastern side (shadedto cool down after noon)Daytime activity area (i.e. Livingspace) should be locatedon lower level (enjoy heat bufferfrom overhead structure in day)ornorthern/southern side of building(receive least radiation penetrationif shaded enough)Design may consider incorporatingsleeping in outdoor on rooftopin hotter dayCOMPACT SETTLEMENTSettlement should be grouped togetherin a compact form to minimizeheat gain or excessive heatloss in relation to exposed surfaceareaCOLSEBY SERIVCESServices and infrastructure shouldbe make within walking distancefrom people’s home to minimizetheir exposure to extreme heat inoutdoor, and also minimize needto provide wide, exposed road forvehicular traffic arise from that.3.CONTROLLEDVENTILATIONSelective Screening andModificationWATER BODYIf resource allows, use of waterbody at air intakes (e.g. windtower, in front of opening, insidecourtyard) will help cool air andraise humidity through evaporativecooling.EARTH TUNNEL COOLINGAir intake pipe can pass throughfew meters (1m~6m) undergroundwhere temperature ismore constant to mitigate temp.CROSS VENTILATIONShould take advantage of internalcourt to provide largeopening to intake modified mildair and work with exterior smallopening to cross ventilate.SEPERATED VENTILATIONInternal heat generating space andactivity should be separately ventilated.AIR FLOWStreet lane should be designedto facilitate air flow. Align to prevailingwind and narrow street tochannel wind when ventilationneed to be strengthen. Zigzagginglanes and narrowing widthwhen wind is too strong and needto be mitigated
REFERENCEIntroduction1.http://www.saudinf.com/get_news.phpHistroy and Social Background1.Saudi Aradia: A Country Studyhttp://books.google.com.hk/books?id=mrHn1lW_kSAC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false2.Islamic Architecturehttp://homer.ceat.okstate.edu/3_Islamic_revised.pdf3.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia4.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Saudi_Arabia5.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_Saudi_Arabia6.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RiyadhArchitectural Background1. “Symposium on Mosque Architecture, Volume 4”, Riyadh: College of ArchitecturePlanning, King Saud University, 19992. Cynthia C Davison, “Architecture beyond architecture : creativity and socialtransformations in Islamic cultures, the 1995 Aga Khan Award for architecture”,Wiley-Academy,19963. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riyadhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_architecturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niche_(architecture)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_calligraphyDesign Guidelines1.Passive Architecture Design Systems, Annexure 3, Eco-housing Assessment Criteria,IIEC, 20092.Climate Responsive Building- Appropriate Building Construction in Tropical andSubtropical Regions, SKAT, 1993, Section 3.2 Design for hot-arid zoneshttp://collections.infocollections.org/ukedu/en/d/Jsk02ce/3.3.html3.Green Buildings, Government of India Ministry of New and Renewable Energyhttp://ncict.net/Explore/HotDry.aspx#34.Tropical architecture in the dry and humid zones, Maxwell Fry and Jane Drew,19645. Climatically responsive energy efficient architecture: a design handbook v.1,Centre for Advanced Studies in Architecture, School of Planning & Architecture,1995
Page 1 and 2: ARCH 3424 2012-13, 2nd Term BUILDIN
Page 3 and 4: CLIMATESAUDI ARABIA,RIYADH - CLIMAT
Page 5 and 6: HISTORY OF SAUDI ARABIAIn the 7th c
Page 7 and 8: ARCHITECTURAL BACKGROUNDMATERIALARC
Page 9: DESIGN GUIDELINEOBJECTIVE \ ELEMENT
Page 13 and 14: ARCH 3424 BUILD TECH IIIKing Abdull
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Page 17 and 18: HOMEWORK IIIDesign - Primary school
Page 19 and 20: PLAN 1:200SYMMETRY OF THE DESIGNAs
Page 21: Chan Doi Yan 1155016786OUTDOOR VIEW
Page 24 and 25: CENTRE FOF EARTH ARCHITECTURE CHENG
Page 26 and 27: A Primary School in Riyadh, Saudi A
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Page 40 and 41: Assignment 2 - Case StudyThe Palace
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WONG YEE MAN, OPHENIA 1155003126I d
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ARCH 3424 l BUILDING TECHNOLOGY III
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Assignment 2 - Case Study:Salam Cen
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4. Vegetation6. Earth Tunnel Coolin
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Assignment 3: Design - Rural school
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Spatial ArrangementYU Ka Hang 11550
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Climatic StrategyOrientationConside
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