SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS DOCUMENT (SRD) - Air Force Freedom ...

Global Broadcast Service (GBS)Volume VI – Model Contract – Attachment 33.1.5 Operational and Support ConceptRefer to GBS Operational Concept Document (in draft)3.1.6 System ThreatsGBS threats are diverse and multi-national and include regional instability; proliferation of weapons of massdestruction; and trans-national dangers such as global terrorist groups and drug traffickers. From a tacticalperspective, theater commanders are challenged by regional factions seeking to expand their influence bycoercion or force. These potential opponents range from nations with modern conventional military forces,organized terrorists, and insurgent organizations to small bands of individuals armed with any weapon available.3.1.6.1 Threats to Be CounteredGBS is vulnerable to the same threats as most commercial satellite systems. Threats to the GBS system originatefrom a variety of sources and encompass capture of a GBS Receive Suite or attacks upon all physical nodes andelectronic links associated with the system. Various elements of Information Operations (IO), “traditional” threatsassociated with physical destruction of system components, and threats from conventional and nuclear weaponseffects are a possibility, as well as environmental aberrations. Because various intelligence studies indicate themost significant threats to MILSATCOM originate from the electronic warfare elements of IO, this ORDprimarily addresses requirements to mitigate or avoid those threats.3.1.6.2 Information OperationsIO encompasses actions taken to achieve information superiority by affecting adversary information andinformation systems while leveraging and protecting friendly information and information systems. With regardto GBS, the relevant portions of the IO threat stem from adversary Electronic Attack, Electronic Support,Computer Network Attack (CNA), Computer Network Exploitation (CNE), physical destruction, and radiofrequency weapons.3.1.6.3 Electronic WarfareThreats include jamming, interception, and exploitation, which result in degradation of commercial and militarycommunications links or the signal environment. The GBS uplink is vulnerable to nuisance electromagneticinterference (EMI) and jamming. Using a variety of techniques (e.g. steerable beam antennas, coding schemes,frequency hopping, etc.), these threats may be mitigated. Classified threat assessments related to satellitecommunications are contained in Interim Space Capstone Threat Capabilities Assessment, NAIC-1574-0727-03,July 2003, and the Military Satellite Communications (MILSATCOM) System Threat Assessment Report(STAR), NAIC-1574-0367-03-Chg 1, (July 2003), July 2003, (S/NF).3.1.6.3.1 Electronic AttackThe objective of electronic attack or electronic degradation is to deny or disrupt an opponent's use of theelectromagnetic spectrum. Defined as the deliberate or incidental radiation, re-radiation, or reflection ofelectromagnetic energy to degrade or neutralize military combat capability, electromagnetic jamming attacks areintended to disrupt, degrade, or deny use of the electronic spectrum. Jamming can be intentional or unintentional,fixed or transportable, and can vary in power. Interference and jamming of the GBS could disrupt usercommunications.3.1.6.3.2 Electronic SupportElectronic Support is that division of electronic warfare involving actions to search for, intercept, identify, andlocate sources of intentional and unintentional radiated electromagnetic energy for the purpose of immediatethreat recognition. Electronic support efforts against GBS beam locations could lead to detection of signals thatwould assist an enemy in locating friendly forces and could allow the interception of SATCOM signals forintelligence purposes.30 March 2009 • Contract Number: FA8726-09-C-0006Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the title page of this proposalVolume VI-5.0-118