Evaluation document, KoF11 Part A: Strategic aspects on research ...

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Uppsala University 5<strong>KoF11</strong>International institutions* Peace Studies Research at the School of Social and International Studies, University ofBradford, U.K. Peace Studies Research at the University of Bradford is one of the largest andoldest centers of peace and conflict research in the world. However, the Bradford Center doesmore of applied peace research and principally contributes to policy and practice areas.* Institute for Conflict Analysis and Resolution, George Mason University, USA. Research atGeorge Mason University is fairly similar to the Department in covering a broad range oftopics within the realm of peace and conflict studies, and peacemaking in particular.* Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, University of Notre Dame, USA. KrocInstitute conducts mostly inter-disciplinary peace research, also involving theology, sociologyand psychology in addition to the social and political sciences. Kroc has currently recruitednew faculty and is also building up its research education program.* The Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO), Norway is an independent research institute witha competitive edge particularly in terms of research on conflict causes and dynamics (theme1). However, PRIO differs from the Department in being a research institute, lacking ateaching program and teaching obligations.A3. Describe the most promising research directions for the department in aperspective of 5-10 years. Give an account for how the accomplishment of successfulpursuit of these research directions would be attained, and what indicators would berelevant, e.g. in terms of proportion between different categories of researchers andother personnel.i)Describe the most promising research directions for the department in a perspective of5-10 yearsThe Department will continue to focus its research on the three thematic areas mentioned underA1 and A2 as they constitute the core of peace research where the Department’s comparativeadvantage lies. Behind the continued production of cutting-edge research is also the productionof novel data, and the further development of theory and research methods.Broadly speaking, we identify three trends pointing towards promising future researchdirections. One is the conceptual and empirical disaggregation of conflict and peace processesdown to the micro-level, a trend that is apparent in both qualitative and quantitative researchand has led to an interesting convergence of research interests and data gathering, spurringmethodological and conceptual development as well as new collaborations. A second, related,trend is the opening up of ‘black boxes’ of hitherto unexplored phenomena during armedconflict, negotiation processes, and peace building efforts. A third trend is the expansion ofresearch beyond traditional intra- and interstate armed conflict to the study of other forms ofpolitical violence, such as, one-sided-, intra-ethnic-, communal- and electoral violence, staterepression, and coups d’état.Under the causes and dynamics of conflict theme, promising research will continue toinvestigate foreign aid and conflict; government repression, human rights abuse and politicalviolence; climate change, environmental stress and communal conflict; diaspora politics,2011-02-28 Dept of Peace and Conflict Research v 1.0
Uppsala University 6<strong>KoF11</strong>remittances and conflict; and corruption and conflict. New data will allow us to revisit someclassic themes like economic inequality, lootable resources, and natural resource dependence.A new research program, Strategy in contemporary conflict, will provide a framework forvarious research projects aiming to open the black box of war, and work on the microfoundationsof civil war. Future research in this program will look at the dynamics of armedconflict, such as the logic of escalation and de-escalation; the use, creation, and utility ofmilitary force; conflict contagion and diffusion; and the strategic use of violence againstcivilians in conflicts.Second, with regard to peace processes a number of paths need to be followed. Oneconcerns the micro-foundations of peace and the need for continued conceptual and empiricaldisaggregation of peace- and negotiation processes and types of conflict endings. In thisregard, further knowledge needs to be developed about the role of procedural and distributivejustice in negotiation processes. Important work on different types of mediators, mediationprocesses and spoiler dynamics also needs to continue. A third path concerns causes andconsequences of different types of peace agreements, including the relevance of timing,inclusiveness, agreement provisions etc. We also expect work on how to make more complex,multilateral, negotiation processes more effective to continue. A fourth path concerns violenceagainst third parties in peace processes, notably against peace-keepers. Future research underthe peace process theme will thus be conducted under various programs and projects.Third, research on sustainable peace, will continue investigations of peace anddemocratization processes, demobilization and reintegration of former combatants, traumaand reconciliation, development aid and peace building. A major new research program islaunched under this theme with expected cross cutting linkages, East Asian Peace. It seeks toexplain how and why East Asia in the period after 1980 became relatively peaceful. Theprogram has the potential to build up a whole field of research and will explore factors andprocesses from different theoretical perspectives, focussing on violent as well as non-violentconflicts, peace processes, conflict avoidance, state repression, and governance.Another cross-cutting research program, Governance, Conflict and Peace Building,focusses on the interplay between governance and resource factors in the etiology of conflictand peace. New research within this framework will be looking at electoral violence,transitions to democracy, the effects of economic shocks on political stability in patrimonialstates, and the conditions for stable peace in Africa.Feeding into all three themes is the output of the Uppsala Conflict Data Program(UCDP), which will remain a core component of future research. The UCDP has taken aglobal lead in generating fine-grained high quality data with international researchers liningup to access and coordinate data, which opens up possibilities for expanded internationalcollaboration. Information-gathering methodology is another area where the Departmentexpects to continue to innovate, and the UCDP is developing cutting edge data managementtools and international coding standards for geo-referenced data that are being widely adoptedeven outside the peace research community (e.g. by the World Bank and AidData.org).ii) How the accomplishment of successful pursuit of these research directions would beattained, and what indicators would be relevantThe two most important conditions for success are research funding and researchers of highinternational quality. This needs to be combined with a well-functioning researchenvironment and international collaboration. Relevant indicators are: (a) the ability to secure2011-02-28 Dept of Peace and Conflict Research v 1.0
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