Make Way for Play 2012 - Chicago Park District

CLICK AROUND!This document is interactiveCONTRIBUTING STAFFConsortium to Lower Obesity in ChicagoChildren (CLOCC)Michael Alvino, Transportation Coordinator, CLOCCChicago Department of Transportation (CDOT)Luann Hamilton, Deputy CommissionerSuzanne Carlson, Project ManagerKiersten Grove, Pedestrian Program Coordinator (former)Chris Wuellner, Projects AdministratorDavid Pulsipher, Transportation Safety ManagerChicago Parks District (CPD)Mike Lange, Project ManagerCONSULTANT TEAMAlta Planning + DesignSteve Durrant, PrincipalDru van Hengel, Project ManagerCraig Williams, Project AdvisorDrew Meisel, Planner, Graphics/LayoutGin Kilgore, PlannerFarr AssociatesChristina Bader, Urban Designer/PlannerThe Make Way for Play Guide is supported by Healthy Places, an initiative of Healthy Chicago.Healthy Places is a collaborative effort between the Chicago Department of Public Healthand the Consortium to Lower Obesity in Chicago Children at Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’sHospital of Chicago funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s CommunitiesPutting Prevention to Work initiative, Cooperative Agreement Number 1U58DP002376-01. Itscontents are solely the responsibility of the authors/organizers and do not necessarily representthe official views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

CONTENTS CONTENTSCHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 01PARK ACCESS, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND HEALTHFACTORS AFFECTING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND PARK ACCESSMAKING WAY FOR PLAYCHAPTER 2 PARK ACCESS POLICIES 07MAKE WAY FOR PLAY POLICYRELATED POLICY DOCUMENTSCHAPTER 3 PROGRAMS 11EDUCATION AND OUTREACHPUBLIC SPACES FOR ACTIVE LIVINGCHAPTER 4 ENFORCEMENT PRACTICES 13TRAFFIC SAFETYPERSONAL SAFETYCHAPTER 5 USING INFRASTRUCTURE TO INCREASE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY 17DESIGN TREATMENT TOOLKITGARFIELD PARK CASE STUDYCHAPTER 6 COLLABORATION, IMPLEMENTATION, AND EVALUATION 71COLLABORATIONIMPLEMENTATIONEVALUATIONANNUAL REPORTAPPENDICES 77APPENDIX A: PUBLIC INVOLVEMENTAPPENDIX B: ADDITIONAL POLICIESAPPENDIX C: PROGRAMMING EFFORTSAPPENDIX D: ENFORCEMENT STRATEGIESAPPENDIX E: FINDING THE WAY TO PARKSAPPENDIX F: HISTORIC PARKSnovember 2012

CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTIONThe Make Way for Play Guide was developedto help give all Chicagoans safe and convenientopportunities for active transportation andrecreation. It is intended to be a resource forpublic agencies, aldermen, advocacy groupsand concerned residents interested in increasingpublic health by improving pedestrian, bicycleand transit access to Chicago’s parks, andmaximizing the use of the public way to promoteactive living.In Chicago, approximately 3,000 crashesoccur annually between motor vehicles andpedestrians, which has led to an average of 50fatalities per year. The Chicago Departmentof Transportation (CDOT) has a stated “Zeroin Ten” goal that is committed to eliminatingpedestrian deaths from the City’s roadways inthe next ten years. The Make Way for Play Guidecomplements this Zero in Ten goal by providingstrategies for improving safety. These strategiesfall into into the broad categories of “noninfrastructure”and “infrastructure.”The Guide’s non-infrastructure strategiesinclude policies, programs and enforcement,discussed in Chapters 2 - 4. Policies can helpelevate the visibility and prioritize the Guide’srecommendations. Programs range fromoutreach efforts to special events that encouragepeople to be active. Enforcement strategiesrecognize that personal safety concerns—whether related to traffic or crime — candiscourage park usage and enjoyment of thepublic way.CHICAGO’S PARKSYSTEMParks bring vitality to communitiesby providing access to nature.Chicago’s visionary park system isone of the largest in the country,with over 570 locations. This robustnetwork of parks, and the tree-linedboulevards that connect them, isone of the City’s most cherishedassets, attracting millions of visitorsper year.Planning for this historic system ofparks and green spaces began asearly as 1869 to combat drainage,sanitation, and other public healthproblems, such as communicablediseases. Parks and open spaceswere viewed as a way to bring freshair and sunlight to crowded areas.Today, chronic diseases—spurredon by inactive and unhealthylifestyles—pose a greater health risk.Though the public health problemmay have changed, using parks toimprove the health of the populacehas not.Infrastructure refers to street design that cansupport active travel to, within and throughparks. The Design Toolkit in Chapter 5 servesas a reference for the development of roadprojects that affect parks, offering a selectionof potential treatments tailored to address theneeds of different park, roadway and intersectionMAKE WAY FOR PLAYCHAPTER 1: Introduction

contexts. Many of the design ideas can alsobe used to reconfigure neighborhood streetsto better support play and physical activity,regardless of park proximity.The Chicago Complete Streets Policies andProcedures Guide recommends street sectionsthat are appropriate for park contexts. TheMake Way for Play Guide complements theserecommendations by offering a selection ofpotential design treatments that have beentailored to address the needs of differentpark, roadway and intersection contexts. Therecommendations contained herein were craftedthrough international research, stakeholder andpublic outreach, and coordination with other Cityplanning projects.PARK ACCESS, PHYSICALACTIVITY AND HEALTHThe Consortium to Lower Obesity in ChicagoChildren, the Chicago Park District and theChicago Department of Transportationcollaborated to develop the Make Way for PlayGuide to offset the health risks associated withsedentary lifestyles through the encouragementof physical activity and play in parks and thepublic way.THE MAKE WAY FORPLAY GUIDE:»»Offers ideas for creativelyusing the public right-of-wayto promote active living.»»Provides tools to improvepedestrian, bicycle and transitaccess to Chicago’s parks.»»Complements Chicago’sbicycle, pedestrian andcomplete streets planning.»»Provides policyrecommendations to improvecollaboration betweenmultiple stakeholders“When people have access to parks, they are more likelyto exercise, which can reduce obesity and its associatedproblems and costs” -The Trust for Public Land, The HealthBenefits of Parks, 2006)In the last four decades there has been adramatic increase in childhood obesity. In 2008,20 percent of all 6 to 11 year olds were obese. Thesituation is even more dire in Chicago. Physicalinactivity increases risk factors for chronicillnesses such as heart disease and diabetes, andis, by itself, a leading cause of death, claimingmore than 200,000 lives annually. The federalCenter for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)estimates “that creating and improving places tobe active can result in a 25 percent increase inthe percentage of people who exercise at least 3times per week.” Those with access to built andnatural facilities were 43% more likely to exercisethan those with poor access. Because those whoCHAPTER 1: Introduction02

walk and bike to parks engage in more physicalactivity once they have arrived, safe, convenientwalking, cycling and transit options to parks canhelp combat inactivity and obesity.FACTORS AFFECTING PHYSICALACTIVITY AND PARK ACCESSAlthough Chicago has an extensive and growingpark system, many residents do not or cannottake advantage of this invaluable resource. Thishas many possible quality of life implications,including reduced opportunities for physicalactivity. Project research and public involvementsuggest that park access can be affected bynon-infrastructure and infrastructure relatedchallenges, such as:»»Personal safety concerns, especially inneighborhoods with high gang activity»»Underused and poorly maintainedparks that invite unwanted behavior»»Insufficient park options (the park districtis working towards the goal of having apark within a 1/2 mile of every resident).»»High traffic volumes and/or speeds onroads leading to or bordering parks»»Intersection conflicts caused by lack of yielding,long crossing distances, and/or crossingtimes that are too short for slower travelers»»Poorly maintained and non ADA compliantsidewalks and curbcuts»»Lack of bicycle accommodationsleading to and within a parkThe ease with which people can safely andcomfortably reach a specific park can have asignificant impact on that park’s overall use. Thisholds especially for vulnerable roadway users—those who choose to walk, bicycle and ridetransit.NON-INFRASTRUCTURE BARRIERSUnderused facilities, lack of social cohesion,and crime are social obstacles that challengethe city to respond with solutions that lookbeyond built solutions and extend to communityoriented solutions. Policy, programming, andenforcement recommendations are discussedin Chapter 2: Park Access Policies on page 7,Chapter 3: Programs on page 11, and Chapter 4:Enforcement Practices on page 13.INFRASTRUCTURE BARRIERSInfrastructure barriers include concerns that canbe traced to the built form of parks and streets.Hazardous / Fast Moving Traffic: Heavilytraveled roadways adjacent to parks can serveas a significant obstacle to park users. Thereis a commonly held perception that walking orbicycling on, or across, these streets is unsafe.Universal Design: Routes to parks oftenpresent obstacles for persons with disabilities,such as gaps in the sidewalk network, or a lackof curb cuts at intersections. By removingaccessibility obstacles, the Chicago Park Districtis making it possible for parks to be enjoyed by agreater number of people.Lack of Park Space: Currently, 90 percent ofthe Chicago’s residents live within 1/2 a mile ofa park. Most Chicagoan’s are well-served byneighborhood parks and open space, but there isstill work to be done to achieve the Chicago ParkDistrict’s goal of a park within a 1/2 mile of everyresident.Park Design: The focus of park design shouldgo beyond matters of internal traffic circulationand access to adjacent roadways. It shouldbe done with consideration for the user andneighborhood context.WHO IS THE MAKEWAY FOR PLAYGUIDE FOR?Public Agencies: Design,programming and enforcementissues related to park access crossdepartmental lines. This guide willhelp shape policies and practiceswithin each agency and facilitatecollaboration amongst them.Elected Officials: This Guidewill inform elected officials aboutoptions for serving constituent’spark access and play needs.Community Groups:Information about efforts plannedand underway in Chicago, existingbest practices and examples fromother communities are providedin the guide. This helps to inspireand equip local groups to advocatefor and organize projects that willincrease active recreation in theircommunities.MAKE WAY FOR PLAYCHAPTER 1: Introduction

Nearly 25 percent of Chicago’s land area is public way,including roads, alleys, and sidewalks. These are areasthat can be reimagined as play and active living spaces,especially for those who do not live within easy walkingdistance of a park.CHAPTER: chapter title10

Transit: The location of stops should always besafe, comfortable and intuitive.Recommendations on how to overcome physicalbarriers are described in Chapter 5: UsingInfrastructure to Increase Physical Activity onpage 17.MAKING WAY FOR PLAYPublic health research has been examining thethe success of infrastructure development andoutreach and education programs for theirability to stimulate pedestrian and bicycleactivity. Currenty, what is clear is that a rangeof strategies, both physical and educational, isthe most promising way to encourage physicalactivity and get people walking and biking.Acknowledging this, many types of strategies arerecommended in this guide. Specific strategiesare categorized into four sections: Policy,Programs, Enforcement and Infrastructure.A well-used park is one where everyone can be active while feeling welcome and safeMAKE WAY FOR PLAYCHAPTER 1: Introduction

GUIDEDEVELOPMENTPROCESSLocal experts, key stakeholdersand the general public werecritical in shaping the Make Wayfor Play Guide. These groupsidentified key challenges regardingaccess to play and physicalactivity, shared information aboutexisting plans and projects andprovided suggestions for potentialstrategies. Input was solicitedthrough stakeholder meetings andfocus groups, a survey and onlinemapping tool at makewayforplay.net and a public meeting. Throughthis process, these themesemerged:»»Support for using thepublic way for events thatpromote physical activity»»Roads and sidewalks shouldbe designed to make iteasier to walk, bike andtake transit to parks»»Concerns about personal safetyon the way to and within parks»»Park access should be thoughtof in the broadest terms,encompassing people of allages, abilities and communities»»Chicago has strengthsin the area of activetransportation and existingopportunities to build uponA group of neighbors re-purposes a local street for a block party to celebratesummer and communityCHAPTER 1: introduction06

CHAPTER 2PARK ACCESSPOLICIESDifficult choices about funding projects are madeeasier when there is strong policy support. TheChicago Department of Transportation (CDOT),the Chicago Park District (CPD) and the ChicagoDepartment of Public Health (CPDH) alreadyhave in place, or under development, manypolicies that support the Make Way for PlayGuide.The Make Way for Play policy below is proposedas a way to shape the City of Chicago’smulti-disciplinary efforts to increase activetransportation and physical activity. It is intendedto help CDOT, CPD and CPDH develop agencyspecificgoals, policies, and priorities, related tothese issues and also to facilitate coordinationamongst interested organizations.RELATED POLICY DOCUMENTSThis section briefly describes City plans andpolicies that relate to Make Way for Play.COMPLETE STREETSA “complete street” is a street designed andoperated for all users, such that pedestrians,transit riders, bicyclists, and motorists are ableto safely move along and across the street. TheCity of Chicago has an adopted complete streetspolicy:“Pedestrians, bicyclists, transit users, freight, andmotor vehicle drivers shall be accommodatedand balanced in all types of transportation anddevelopment projects and through all phasesof a project so that even the most vulnerable –children, elderly, and persons with disabilities –can travel safely within the public right of way.”MAKE WAY FORPLAY POLICYRECOMMENDATIONThe City of Chicago, in recognition ofthe importance of active living to thehealth of its residents and visitors, 1)accommodates and promotes safe andpleasant pedestrian, bicycle and transitaccess to, within and through parks forpeople in all neighborhoods and of all agesand abilities, and 2) maximizes the use ofthe public way to facilitate play, walking,bicycling and other forms of physicalactivity. To these ends, the City:»»Provides outreach on the benefits ofactive transportation and physicalactivity, as well as the risks associatedwith sedentary activities.»»Encourages the use of parks and thepublic way for active transportation andplay.»»Enforces traffic and personal safety lawsto, within and through parks.»»Increases walking, bicycling and transituse to, within and through parks throughthe planning, design, construction andmaintenance of parks and completestreets that are safe and attractive forpeople of all ages and abilities.» » Encourages collaboration among CityDepartments, County, State and Federalagencies, as well as private developersand civic partners, to improve thehealth of Chicago residents through theimplementation and evaluation of thisand other related policy documents.ChicagoForwardDepartment of TransportationAction AgendaChicago Forward action agendaCITY OF CHICAGO2015 Bike plan and 2020 network updateRICHARD M. DALEY, MAYORMayor's Bicycle Advisory CouncilJanuary 2006MAKE WAY FOR PLAYCHAPTER 2: Park Access Policies

PEDESTRIAN PLANThe City of Chicago released its PedestrianPlan in 2012 to strengthen Chicago’s alreadyrobust pedestrian environment. The City’svision is:»»The people of Chicago cultivate, encourage,and enjoy mutual respect on our streets.»»People choose to be pedestrians because theexperience is the safest, most connected, accessible,and above all, the most enjoyable.»»Because we are committed to a strong pedestrianenvironment as an essential part ofour complete transportation system, we are ahealthier, more livable city.ACADEMIC RESEARCHMore evidence based research is neededto understand the effect of strategiesto address barriers to walking andcycling.There is also a growing understandingthat coordinated implementation ofmulti-faceted and mutually reinforcingpolicies and programs is needed in orderto create successful pedestrian and cyclingenvironments.- Krizek, Forsyth, and Baum (2009) Walkingand Cycling International Literature Review,Final Report. State of Victoria.STREETS FOR CYCLING 2020AND BIKE 2015 PLANThe Streets for Cycling Plan2020 includes the developmentof protected bike lanes andneighborhood greenways tomake bicycling a safe and easyoption for all Chicagoans. Publicinput for the Streets for Cycling Plan includedthe identification of key destinations, suchas parks, schools, transit, jobs and shopping.The Bike 2015 Plan includes a goal forestablishing a bikeway network that servespriority destinations. It outlines a multi-facetedapproach to increasing bicycle use and safety.MAKE WAY FOR PEOPLEChicago’s Make Way for People initiativecreates public spaces that cultivate communityand culture in Chicago’s neighborhoodsthrough place-making. Make Way for Peoplesupports innovation in the public way byopening Chicago’s streets, parking spots,plazas and alleys to new programming andmarketing opportunities via public and privatepartnerships. In addition to improving streetsafety and promoting walkable communities,this initiative supports economic developmentfor Chicago’s local businesses and Chicago’sneighborhoods. See: http://www.cityofchicago.org/city/en/depts/cdot/supp_info/make_way_for_people.htmlCHICAGO PARK DISTRICT MISSIONThe Make Way For Play Guide is consistent withthe District’s mission to:»»Enhance the quality of life in Chicago bybecoming the leading provider of recreationand leisure opportunities.»»Provide safe, inviting and beautifully maintainedpark and facilities.»»Create a customer-focused and responsivepark system.CHICAGO PARK DISTRICTFRAMEWORK PLANSA framework plan creates a long term planfor a specific park that responds to diverseneighborhood needs as well as the park’shistoric context. Each plan provides a visionfor improvements to the park over time andserves as a planning tool for the communityand the Park District. The Park District hascompleted several Park Framework Plans,including Lakefront Harbor Park, Lincoln Park,and Washington Park. These plans are fineexamples of ways to address the challengespresented at parks citywide as they makerecommendations to:»»Link to available transportation resources,other agencies, and the general community.»»Support transit, pedestrian, and other nonvehicularmodes to and within parks.»»Enhance safety through reductions in speed,conflicts, and congestion.CHICAGO FORWARDThe Chicago Department of Transportationreleased an action agenda in May 2012. A keyelement of this document is its commitment toeliminating all pedestrian, bicycle, and overalltraffic crash fatalities within 10 years. There aremany other goals and performance measuresrelated to Make Way for Play as well:»»Make Chicago the best big city in Americafor cycling and walking.CHAPTER 2: Park Access Policies08

»»More fully and consistently implementChicago’s Complete Streets Policy.»»Gather and use data to assess the root causesof transportation safety hazards and addressthem in a systematic and sustainable way.»»Develop standards and complete designs toensure the safety of all users, including pedestrians,cyclists, motorists, children, seniors, andpeople with disabilities.»»Partner with sister agencies to focus enforcementefforts to protect the safety of all users,particularly the most vulnerable.»»Promote awareness to all residents and travelerson safe habits to decrease transportationrisks and increase safe, efficient, and enjoyabletravel in the city.SHARED USE PRACTICESEspecially in neighborhoods with limitedaccess to parks, the use of private or quasipublicspaces for recreation should be pursued.There may be privately owned industrial landsuitable for play as well. Conversations amongcommunity members who control access to landcan lead to creative and complementary uses,such as BMX courses in vacant industrial spaces.School auditoriums or gyms provide play spacesin the winter, while playgrounds are used for afterschool and weekend activities all year round.While new schools in Chicago already openthemselves up for community use, other publicand private organizations can be encouragedto do the same. Funding should be pursuedfor converting schoolyards to playgrounds forthe mutual benefit of the school district andthe community. Chicago would benefit from aformalized policy to make school and communityinvestments easier.Chicago’s Complete Streets Policy and the Complete Streets Policies and ProceduresGuide support the implementation of streets that support active transportation

“Children don’t know how to play. There isincreasing concern that today’s children havelost the ability to use their imaginations,cannot self-entertain, and do not know what todo when given the option to play freely.“–The State of Play in Chicago’s Communities (2009)CHAPTER: chapter title

CHAPTER 3PROGRAMSPrograms increase people’s enthusiasm aboutactive transportation through a mix of education,outreach and events. Program recommendationsin this chapter fall into two categories:Education and Outreach: Increase people’senthusiasm and knowledge about activetransportation and recreation, ranging fromlarge scale media campaigns to individualizedoutreach.Public Spaces for Active Living: Stage eventsthat use the public right of way for physicalactivity by temporarily or permanently restrictingmotor vehicle access.EDUCATION AND OUTREACHEducation, marketing and encouragementprograms can help Chicago residents find waysto:»»Embrace active lifestyles.»»Learn about new and improved facilities.»»Develop skills needed to integrate walking andbicycling into their everyday lives.POLICY BASED EDUCATION AND OUTREACHRECOMMENDATIONSWays to increase awareness and enthusiasm:»»Distribute marketing materialsdescribing the benefits of activetransportation and physical activity,as well as the risks associated withsedentary activities.»»Provide materials and tips toresidents on ways to incorporateactive transportation and physicalactivity in their daily lives.»»Advertise active living events andactivities in parks and in the publicway.»»Brand Chicago as a city that hasyear-round opportunities for activeliving—for residents and visitors.»»Site based programs that addresstopics such as bicycle maintenanceand use.»»Offer instruction that can reachchildren and parents in schools, parks,and other community centers ontopics such as walking or biking toschool safely or playing outside withother kids.»»Parks programming and facilities thatappeal to a variety of users, includingseniors, teens and people withdisabilities.»»Use Transportation DemandManagement strategies for large parksand public events. Provide bicycleparking at the main entries to largepark and public events.»»Promote transit, bicycle and walkaccess for large events and routeplanning assistance or incentivesto leave the car at home»»Receive positive reinforcement for thesechoices.In Chicago, myriad efforts related to activeliving are underway or planned. For a listof programming activities used in the Cityof Chicago and elsewhere, see Appendix C:Programming Efforts.Workshops and events encourage people tobicycle year round.MAKE WAY FOR PLAYCHAPTER 3: Programs

PUBLIC SPACES FOR ACTIVE LIVINGChicago has a rich history of preserving publicspaces for play and active living—from the“forever open, clear and free” lakefront onits eastern edge to the “emerald necklace” ofgrand parks and boulevards that link diverseneighborhoods. However, there remain areas thateither lack a park within easy walking distance orhave barriers to existing parks.Streets can perform multiple functions; at anygiven moment operating as a transportationcorridor, loading zone, playground, outdoorcafé seating area and informal social space.Cities around the country, including Chicago,are finding creative uses of the public way tostimulate activity, provide opportunities for socialinteraction and increase options for active living.In other words, bringing the parks to the people.Neighborhood Festival Permit applications are processed by the Department of CulturalAffairs and Special Events, with a $25 per street per day cost. Recreational street closuresfor block parties should be submitted, with a petition supporting the event by effectedneighbors, to the alderman’s office 30 days in advance. For more information contact yourAlderman’s office or visit http://www.explorechicago.org/city/en/supporting_narrative/events___special_events/special_events/mose/chicago_neighborhood.htmlPOLICY BASED RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ACTIVATINGPUBLIC SPACEDevelop and/or support events that usethe public way for active recreation andplay for residents and visitors of all ages,abilities and backgrounds. Examplesinclude:»»Open Streets/Ciclovias»»Play Streets»»Block Parties»»Mobile playgrounds»»Private running and cycling eventsSupport temporary or permanent driving restrictions to increase space andopportunities for active recreation and transportation, such as:»»Car free zones or charge for vehicleentries to discourage driving»»Restricted vehicle access to streetswithin parks, such as closing streetsto car traffic on weekends.»»Reallocate on-street parking for parklets,bicycle parking, or other non-vehicularuses.»»Simplify and publicizepermitting and other requirements forprograms and events in the public way.CHAPTER 3: Programs 12

CHAPTER 4ENFORCEMENT PRACTICESAchieving zero traffic related fatalities will depend on the enforcement of laws and regulations thatprotect pedestrians and bicyclists from severe collisions. Law enforcement personnel — in partnershipwith city agencies, departments of transportation, schools, community groups and the media — canplay a strong role in fostering an environment that supports physical activity.According to the National Highway Traffic Association’s Highway Safety Program Guideline No. 14,essential components of law enforcement to increase pedestrian and bicycle user safety include:POLICY BASEDENFORCEMENTRECOMMENDATIONS»»Developing a reporting and evaluationsystem to better understand pedestrian andbicycle involved collisions.»»Providing communication and educationsupport via direct outreach as well asthrough earned and paid media.»»Training officers in the pertinentstatutes and ordinances that affectsafety of bicyclists and pedestrians.»»Enforcing pedestrian and bicycle laws, aswell as other laws that affect vulnerableuser’s safety, such as those aimed ataggressive or distracted drivers.»»Developing creative strategies to promotesafe pedestrian, bicyclist, and motoristbehavior (e.g., citation diversion classes forviolators).Use innovative enforcementstrategies to increase traffic andpersonal safety within and onroutes to parks:»»Use a data driven process tocreate targeted enforcementinitiatives focused on traffic andcriminal violations near parks.»»Use automated enforcement inChildren’s Safety Zones.PEER CITY EXAMPLEMayor Antonio Villaraigosa and the Gang Reduction and Youth Development officeimplemented a new approach to fighting gang violence: parks programming. The SummerNight Lights program extended nighttime hours in eight parks in troubled neighborhoods— keeping lights on until midnight, and sponsoring nighttime movies and familyorientedactivities four nights a week. According to the mayor’s office, the program wasresponsible for a 17 percent decline in crime rates and an astounding 86 percent decline inhomicides for those areas.The City has built upon this success by doubling the size of Summer Night Lights to sixteenparks in blighted areas. The park activities have become even more important in light ofCalifornia’s budget troubles, as local schools have been forced to cut summer programs,leaving kids with more free time and less structure. L.A. plans to serve 350,000 freedinners over the course of the summer, and will offer a variety of programming focusedon families and youth. The multitude of programs includes basketball and soccer leagues,safe skateboarding programs, screening of local films, and acting, dance, hip-hop, andfashion workshops.»»Consider whether reducedspeed limits and use of red lightcameras in Park Zones couldaddress collision patterns andimprove safety.»»Use park access as a factor inconsidering project funding forSafety Zone enforcement.»»Support community policingprojects in and near parks.»»Focus Chicago AlternativePolicing Strategy on trafficand crime prevention withinand on the way to parks.- Lighting up L.A. to fight crime and build community. (Credit: L.A. Times)MAKE WAY FOR PLAYCHAPTER 4: Enforcement Practices

TRAFFIC SAFETYThe City of Chicago takes a multi-facetedapproach to increasing the safety of itstransportation network and public spaces,including parks.SAFE STREETS FOR CHICAGOSafe Streets for Chicago is a combinedeffort of the Chicago Police Department, theChicago Department of Transportation andthe Office of Emergency Management andCommunication. Its initiatives include:»»Deployment of a targeted traffic officerteam who target locations and behaviorsselected for enforcement based onaccident data, complaints from aldermen,and recommendations from DistrictCommanders.»»Radar speed gun speed enforcement.»»Creation of a Mayor’s Pedestrian AdvisoryCouncil.»»An extensive public-awareness campaignfocused on crosswalk awareness.CHICAGO BICYCLE AND SAFE ROUTESAMBASSADORS PROGRAMSIn partnership with the Chicago PoliceDepartment and CDOT, the BicycleAmbassadors and Safe Routes Ambassadorsare seasonal programs designed to provideinformation about staying safe on publicroads. Ambassadors engage Chicagoans in avariety of bicycle safety and encouragementtopics and educate bicyclists and motoristsabout safe and responsible road use viaclassroom visits, community events and highuse and/or conflict areas.“AUTOMATED ENFORCEMENT AT REDLIGHTSChicago installs red light cameras at high crashintersections. Tickets are issued automaticallyto drivers who fail to stop at red lights. Aswith any targeted enforcement activity, acoordinated public awareness campaign is keyto increasing perceived and actual safety forpedestrians and cyclists.We want pedestrian safety to be atthe forefront of everything we do.Everyone in the city is a pedestrian.- Gabe Klein CDOT CommissionerCHILDREN’S SAFETY ZONESIn early 2012 Chicago adopted a “Children’sSafety Zones” Ordinance to reduce speedingand improve safety around schools and parks.Children’s Safety Zones extend 1/8 of a milearound all parks and schools in Chicago. Withinthe safety zone, traffic speeds are restrictedto 20 mph Monday-Friday from 7am to 4pm atschools and 30 mph every day when adjacentto parks. The ordinance allows, but does notrequire the enforcement of speeds usingautomated cameras.SAFE PARK ZONESThe Illinois Park Zones law (625 ILCS 5/11-605.3) is codified by ordinance in Chicago,increasing safety near parks by providing theopportunity to lower speed limits on streetsadjacent to or within parks. Revenue fromfines can be used to fund Chicago Park Districtsafety improvements.“The use of automated enforcement technology nearparks can increase safety for all road and park usersCHAPTER 4: Enforcement Practices14

PERSONAL SAFETYPersonal safety concerns — real and perceived— can be a deterrent to park use. Some parksmay be located in areas with high levels ofdrug-related, and sometimes violent, criminalactivity. Community based anti-crime and antiganginitiatives that reduce incidence and fearof crime and violence can complement targetedenforcement actions.CRIME PREVENTION THROUGHENVIRONMENTAL DESIGNCrime Prevention through Environmental Designuses park design to discourage criminal andintimidating activity and engender feelings ofsafety. It is discussed further in Appendix D:Enforcement Strategies.CLEARMAPCLEARMAP is a geo-spatial mapping service thatis provided for free through the Chicago PoliceDepartment. This tool educates the communityabout where high crime areas are located andthe category of crime that is most prevalent.This tool can be promoted as a planning tool, soChicagoans addressing access to parks can planroutes that avoid known hot spots.FACILITY MAINTENANCESome parks may be underutilized because theyare perceived as unsafe. Good lighting andmaintenance can help people feel safer andcreate a better experience for users. Uniformedmaintenance staff with clearly marked vehicles,welcome signs, rigorous rule enforcement, cleanrestrooms and regular trash removal and promptrepair of broken equipment helps increase parkuse and enjoyment by residents.For a list of additional strategies aimed towardimproving traffic and personal safety at parks seeAppendix D: Enforcement Strategies.Well-maintained park environments encourage activityMAKE WAY FOR PLAYCHAPTER 4: Enforcement Practices

CHAPTER: chapter title10

CHAPTER 5USING INFRASTRUCTURE TOINCREASE PHYSICAL ACTIVITYIn this chapter, opportunities to facilitate activetransportation within and between parks areexplored. These strategies seek to develop safe,accessible, attractive and seamless connectionsbetween parks and the people who want to usethem, and include:»»Coordinating park entryways with transit,bicycle and walking network.»»Improving street crossings, by enhancing thevisibility of crosswalks and reducing crossingdistances.suggestions for reducing barriers to parks,including pedestrian and bicycle amenities,points of entry and wayfinding.The Make Way for Play Guide introduces atypology to better understand the park, roadway,and neighborhood context. It should be usedwhen the complete streets process identifiesa nearby parks land use. Like the CompleteStreets Policies and Procedures Guide, this guideprioritizes users based on the following hierarchy:POLICY BASEDPLANNINGAND DESIGNRECOMMENDATIONSFOR PARKS»»Increase opportunities foractive recreation through thedesign and construction ofpark features.»»Increase the number of safeand accessible parks andplaygrounds, particularly inunderserved and low-incomecommunities.»»Improving roadway segments to separatepedestrians and cyclists from motor vehicles.»»Using traffic calming techniques for reducingtravel speeds and cut through traffic.»»Employing “road diets” to reduce motorvehicle lanes and reallocate the roadway space.»»Enhancing the space with public art, streetfurniture and street trees.»»Improving transit stops and stations to becomfortable and inviting.»»Providing informational and wayfinding signsthat help people reach their destination.DESIGN TREATMENT TOOLKITThe Make Way for Play Guide builds upon theComplete Streets Policies and Procedures Guideand the Chicago Park District Design Standardsby recommending potential facility treatmentsto improve design of different classes of parks,street and intersections. The toolkit providesPEDESTRIANTRANSITBICYCLEGUIDE APPLICATIONAUTOWhen CDOT is doing work near parks, and CPDis doing work near roads, this guide can providea useful point of overlap for decision making.A simple inventory of park proximity relativeto a CDOT project, for example, will be a usefulstarting point for setting the project context andthis should be completed for all CDOT projects.»»Include a variety of amenities inparks to increase park use andopportunities for impromptuexercise.»»Create Framework Plans for allparks that, among other issues,address:a) Safe and pleasantpedestrian, cycling andtransit access to,within and through thepark.b) Programming andfacilities thatencourage activerecreation for people of allages, abilities andbackgrounds.»»Provide wayfinding andpromotional signage tohighlight transit and otherconnections to parks.MAKE WAY FOR PLAYCHAPTER 5: Using Infrastructure to Increase Physical Activity

Similarly, a simple inventory of the street networkin proximity to a CPD project is essential.The project manager should:»»Refer to the Complete Streets Policies andProcedures Guide to determine what type ofstreet and/or intersection describes the projectlocation.COST: $»»Use the modal hierarchy established in theComplete Streets Policies and ProceduresGuide. Project managers can make the case foranother hierarchy if desired.»»Identify appropriate cross sections for differenttypes of streets near parks, as documentedin the Complete Streets Policies andProcedures Guide. Understand that dimensionsare determined through engineeringand planning judgment, which often requirestradeoffs within limited rights-of-way.»»Use the Make Way for Play Guide to selectdesign treatments.The Make Way for Play Guide provides assistancein choosing treatments at different types ofparks. It does not provide comprehensive designdetails. Instead, it provides a short descriptionof each treatment followed by its impact to parkaccess and the appropriate park, street andintersection context for its use. Resources suchas the Chicago Streets for Cycling Plan, ADAguidelines, the Complete Streets Policies andProcedures Guide and the Pedestrian MasterPlan are referenced where appropriate.Forinformation on wayfinding, please see AppendixE: Finding the Way to Parks.The Treatment Impact sectionillustrates how the specific treatmentaddresses issues related topedestrian and bicyclist access.03 BIKE LANESBICYCLIST TREATMENTSPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTS TRAFFIC CALMING ALL CONTEXTSBIKE LANES are designated exclusively for bicycle travel. These facilities areseparated from vehicle travel lanes with striping and pavement stencils. Bikelanes are most appropriate on arterial and collector streets where higher trafficvolumes and speeds warrant greater separation. Bike lanes increase bicyclists’comfort and reduce wrong-way riding.TREATMENT IMPACTHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIXAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactBike lanes on XX provide bicycle access to thepopular XX ParkTypical Applications alerts thepractioner to the appropriate useof the treatment in specific park,street and intersection contexts.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWSTREET TYPELOW Local Street, Internal Traffic StreetCAPACITY and Home ZoneMEDAvenue StreetCAPACITYHIGHBoulevard StreetCAPACITYLIMITEDACCESSFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkADDITIONALRESOURCESCOST: $Mini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkRegional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkChicago Streets for Cycling 2020Facilities Guides (DATE) *link*Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKIT019CHAPTER 5: Using Infrastructure to Increase Physical Activity18

PARK TYPOLOGIESIn the toolkit, a parks typology based on apark’s existing classification and the distanceof a park’s draw, or number of park usersis used to help determine the appropriateintensity and investment of the engineeringtreatments that are recommended.THE TOOLKIT HELPS IDENTIFY POTENTIALTREATMENT SOLUTIONS FOR IMPROVED PARK ACCESS»»Low Draw parks are neighborhoodoriented,typically drawing usersfrom a 1/4 mile radius or less.»»The Medium Draw parks arecommunity parks that draw usersfrom up to 3/4 mile radius.»»The Large Draw parks are regionaldestinations, typically drawing visitorsfrom across the City and region.Once a park has been identified as Low,Medium, or High Draw, the next step isto identify the adjacent street types orintersection types. Potential treatments bypark and street, or intersection contexts arelisted in the street and intersection matrices.Intersection crossing markings aid bicyclistsacross complex intersectionsTwo-stage bicycle turn boxes help bicycliststransition to cross streets more easilyMany treatments, such as sidewalks,high visibility crosswalks and street treesare appropriate in all park contexts. Thetreatments that have been identified in assuitable for all parks do not appear in thestreets or intersections matrices. Instead, ‘AllPark Contexts’ treatments have been providedwith an individual page that describes thetreatment’s impact on park access. Each ofthe boxes for Typical Applications has beenshaded blue to reinforce the idea that thetreatment is an important part of improvingpark safety, comfort and access regardless ofexisting land use and street characteristics.In-street ‘Stop for Pedestrians’ signs improvepedestrian safety and motorist complianceCurb extensions reduce motor vehicle turnspeeds and increase pedestrian visibilityMAKE WAY FOR PLAYCHAPTER 5: Using Infrastructure to Increase Physical Activity

POLICY BASEDPLANNING AND DESIGNRECOMMENDATIONSFOR STREETSIncrease opportunities for walking,bicycling and transit use to,within and through parks throughthe design and construction ofcomplete streets that are safe andattractive for people of all ages andabilities.»»Give vulnerable travelers highestpriority near and within parks.»»Use Complete Streets designstandards (see design matrix andChicago’s Complete Streets Policiesand Procedures)»»Create and maintain high levelpedestrian, cycling and transitentries from the roadway andsurrounding community to, throughand within parks.»»Work with transit agencies tolocate stops as close as practicableto entry points of a park.»»Consider street redesign projectsthat repurpose the right-of-wayin areas that are underserved byparks.»»Modify project checklists toensure CPD parks planners andCDOT planners are referred toMake Way for Play Guide.»»Conduct active transportationaudits for parksLow quality bike facilities can cause improper riding behaviorCHAPTER 5: Using Infrastructure to Increase Physical Activity20

PARKS WITH HISTORICSIGNIFICANCEChicago has over 100 historic parks and23 historic boulevards and squares. Thesesites have been documented and historicallylisted, with their preservation entrusted tothe Park District, the Commission on ChicagoLandmarks, and the Illinois Historic PreservationAgency.Balancing a desire for improved access withthe design review necessary with historicresources can present challenges for planners,engineers, and designers. When a plannercoordinates with the appropriate agenciesfrom the outset, design can achieve bothhistoric preservation and transportationgoals. An initial review by the CPD will helpto determine the subsequent design process.Reference to available resources will help buildan understanding of what elements contributeto the historic significance of the site. The finalproject outcome should achieve both historicpreservation and transportation goals.When any project affects a CPD property onthe National Register of Historic Places (NRHP)or Chicago Landmarks list, the Chicago ParkDistrict will perform a review. The nature andextent of the review and the subsequent designprocess is determined on a case by case basis,depending upon in which registry the locationis listed.Specific procedures have been created,both legal and institutional, to ensure thatphysical improvements made to these sitesare appropriate and do not negatively impacthistoric landscapes, structures and otherelements.AVAILABLE RESOURCESThe reviewing bodies of proposals in Chicago’shistoric parks and boulevards, which includethe Chicago Park District, the Commission onChicago Landmarks, and the Illinois HistoricPreservation Agency (IHPA), use the followingguidelines to inform their decisions. Projectmanagers should use these two resourcesto understand the features and issues of theproject in which the review bodies will likelyshow interest. Additionally, project managersshould build time into their schedules forcoordination and review at the project outset.THE SECRETARY OF THE INTERIORSTANDARDS - GUIDELINES FORTHE TREATMENT OF CULTURALLANDSCAPESThis docuemnt offers treatment guidelineswith a series of “recommended” and “notrecommended” treatments for culturallandscapes in the following areas: SpatialOrganization & Land Patterns, Topography,Vegetation, Circulation, Water Features,Structures, Furnishings, and Objects, andSpecial Considerations.THE CHICAGO PARK DISTRICT DESIGNGUIDELINES & STANDARDSThe CPD’s internal Design Guidelines andStandards describes procedural methodsspecific to CPD properties. This manualoutlines responsibilities and procedures forhistoric preservation design and review.A more detailed flow chart of this procedure isfound in Appendix F: Historic Parks.The entrance to Central Park prior to accessimprovementsA high visibility crosswalk and bicycleintersection markings were added to improvepedestrian and bicyclist safety and comfortMAKE WAY FOR PLAYCHAPTER 5: Using Infrastructure to Increase Physical Activity

C H I C A G OMAKE WAYforPLAY!S A F E P A R K A C C E S SD E S I G N T O O L K I T

BEGIN HEREFor users that access theMake Way for Play Toolkitonline, this documentis interactive. Links andbuttons, similar to thosefound on a website,are in place to enhancenavigation through thedocument. The diagrambelow identifies theinteractive elements ofthe document and theirintended use.SAFE ACCESS TO PARKS TOOLKIT MATRIXSTREETS1 Identify the park type2 Identify the adjacentstreet type3 Click treatmentoptions for detailsabout their use inand around parks*PARK TYPE BY DRAWLOWMini ParkNeighborhood ParkPassive ParkMEDIUMRegional ParkCommunity ParkForest PreserveBoulevard SystemGreenwayHIGHMagnet ParkCitywide ParkADJACENT STREET TYPE BY CAPACITYLOW MEDIUM HIGHNeighborhood Connectors» Mid-Block Crosswalks (uncontrolled)» Speed Tables/Humps» Chicanes» Pavement Treatments» Traffic Calming Circles» Neighborhood Greenways» Marked Shared Lanes» Bike Lanes» Contra-flow Bike Lane» In-Street “Stop for Peds” Signs» Mid-Block Crosswalks (uncontrolled)» Speed Tables/Humps» Chicanes» Traffic Calming Circles» Neighborhood Greenways» Marked Shared Lanes» Bike Lanes» Contra-flow Bike Lanes» In-Street “Stop for Peds” Signs» Mid-Block Crosswalks (uncontrolled)» Chicanes» Traffic Calming Circles» Neighborhood Greenways» Marked Shared Lanes» Bike Lanes» Contra-flow Bike LanesCity Connectors» Mid-Block Crosswalks (uncontrolled)» In-Street “Stop for Peds” Signs» Median Refuge Islands» Speed Tables/Humps» Chicanes» Pavement Treatments» Traffic Calming Circles» Marked Shared Lanes» Bike Lanes» Bicycle-Bus Lanes» In-Street “Stop for Peds” Signs» Raised Crosswalks or Intersections» Curb Extensions» Median Refuge Islands» Mid-Block Crosswalks (uncontrolled)» Rectangular Rapid Flash Beacons» Chicanes» Traffic Calming Circles» Road Diets» Bike Lanes» Bicycle-Bus Lanes» Contra-flow Bike Lanes» Buffered Bike Lanes» In-Street “Stop for Peds” Signs» Raised Crosswalks or Intersections» Curb Extensions» Median Refuge Islands» Mid-Block Crosswalks (uncontrolled)» Rectangular Rapid Flash Beacons» Chicanes» Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons» Road Diet» Gateways» Bike Lanes» Bicycle-Bus Lanes» Buffered Bike Lanes» Protected Bike LanesClicking a treatment willreveal specific details about it.Thoroughfares» Raised Crosswalks or Intersections» Curb Extensions» Median Refuge Islands» Rectangular Rapid Flash Beacons» Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons» Gateways» Road Diets» Bike Lanes» Bicycle-Bus Lanes» Buffered Bike Lanes» Protected Bike Lanes» Raised Crosswalks or Intersections» Curb Extensions» Median Refuge Islands» Rectangular Rapid Flash Beacons» Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons» Gateways» Road Diets» Bike Lanes» Bicycle-Bus Lanes» Buffered Bike Lanes» Protected Bike Lanes» Raised Crosswalks or Intersections» Curb Extensions» Median Refuge Islands» Rectangular Rapid Flash Beacons» Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons» Road Diets» Gateways» Bike Lanes» Bicycle-Bus Lanes» Buffered Bike Lanes» Protected Bike Lanes*These treatments represent a range of available facilities that can be considered for a specific context. Identification of a specific treatment as appropriate does not necessitate its application in every instance.MAKE WAY FOR PLAYCHAPTER 5: Using Infrastructure to Increase Physical Activity

Mini ParkNeighborhood ParkPassive ParkADJACENT STREET TYPE BY CAPACITYNeighborhood Connectors» Contra-flow Bike LaneCity ConnectorsThoroughfares» Protected Bike LanesRegional Park» Contra-flow Bike LanesCommunity ParkForest Preserve» Protected Bike LanesBoulevard System» Buffered Bike LanesGreenway» In-Street “Stop for Peds” Signs» Raised Crosswalks or Intersections» Curb Extensions» Median Refuge Islands» Mid-Block Crosswalks (uncontrolled)» Rectangular Rapid Flash Beacons» Chicanes» Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons» Road Diet» Gateways» Bike Lanes» Protected Bike LanesMagnet Park» Bicycle-Bus LanesCitywide Park» Buffered Bike Lanes» Protected Bike Lanes*These treatments represent a range of available facilities that can be considered for a specific context. Identification of a specific treatment as appropriate does not necessitate its application in every instance.Mini ParkNeighborhood ParkPassive ParkRegional ParkCommunity ParkForest PreserveBoulevard SystemGreenwayMagnet ParkCitywide ParkADJACENT INTERSECTION TYPEMid-BlockCrosswalk» Curb Extension» Median RefugeIsland» RectangularRapid FlashBeacon (RRFB)» Curb Extension» Median RefugeIsland» RectangularRapid FlashBeacon (RRFB)» PedestrianHybrid Beacon» Curb Extension» Median RefugeIsland» RectangularRapid FlashBeacon (RRFB)» PedestrianHybrid BeaconUncontrolled» MinimizingCurb Radii» Curb Extensions» PavementTreatment» MinimizingCurb Radii» RectangularRapid FlashBeacon(RRFB)» PedestrianHybrid Beacon» MinimizingCurb Radii» RectangularRapid FlashBeacon (RRFB)» PedestrianHybrid BeaconStop/YieldControlled» MinimizingCurb Radii» Curb Extensions» PavementTreatment» Two-StageBike Turn Box» Mixing Zone» MinimizingCurb Radii» Curb Extensions» PavementTreatment» Two-Stage BikeTurn Box» Mixing Zone» MinimizingCurb Radii» Curb Extensions» PavementTreatment» Two-StageBike Turn Box» Mixing ZoneRoundabout or6-Way SignalTraffic Circle» Median Refuge » MinimizingIslandCurb Radii» Intersection » IntersectionCrossingCrossing MarkingsMarkings» Curb Extensions» Pavement» Colored Bike LanesTreatment» PedestrianCountdown Signals» PavementTreatment» Two-Stage BikeTurn Box» Mixing Zone» Bike Box» Median RefugeIsland» RectangularRapid FlashBeacon (RRFB)» IntersectionCrossingMarkings» Median RefugeIsland» RectangularRapid FlashBeacon (RRFB)» PedestrianHybrid Beacon» IntersectionCrossingMarkings» MinimizingCurb Radii» IntersectionCrossing Markings» Curb Extensions» Colored BikeLanes» PedestrianCountdownSignals» Bicycle Signal» Two-Stage BikeTurn Box» Mixing Zone» Bike BoxInterchange» MinimizingCurb Radii» IntersectionCrossingMarkings» Colored BikeLanes» MinimizingCurb Radii» IntersectionCrossingMarkings» ColoredBike Lanes» Minimize Curb Radii » Minimizing» PedestrianCurb RadiiSignal Phases» Intersection» Leading Pedestrian CrossingIntervalMarkings» Intersection» ColoredCrossing Markings Bike Lanes» Colored Bike Lanes» PedestrianCountdown Signals» Bicycle Signal» Two-Stage BikeTurn Box» Mixing Zone» Bike BoxSignalizedIntersection» MinimizingCurb Radii» IntersectionCrossing Markings» Curb Extensions» IntersectionCrossing Markings» Colored Bike Lanes» PedestrianCountdown Signals» Pavement Treatment» Two-Stage BikeTurn Box» Mixing Zone» Bike Box» MinimizingCurb Radii» Curb Extensions» IntersectionCrossing Markings» Colored BikeLanes» PedestrianCountdownSignals» Bicycle Signal» Two-Stage BikeTurn Box» Mixing Zone» Bike Box» Minimizing Curb Radii» Curb Extensions» PedestrianSignal Phases» Leading PedestrianInterval» IntersectionCrossing Markings» Colored Bike Lanes» PedestrianCountdown Signals» Bicycle Signal» Two-Stage BikeTurn Box» Mixing Zone» Bike BoxLink to a full list of Pedestrian,Bicyclist, Traffic Calming, orTreatments for All Contexts usingthe buttons at the top of the page.CLICK AROUND!This document is interactiveOST: $$03MID-BLOCK CROSSWALK (uncontrolled)PEDESTRIAN TREATMENTS BICYCLIST TREATMENTS TRAFFIC CALMING ALL CONTEXTSMID-BLOCK CROSSWALKS provide a designated crossing opportunity where manypeople want to cross but intersections are spaced far apart. These facilities use a highvisibility crosswalk and warning signs to inform drivers of the approaching crossing. Mid-blockcrosswalks may be used where park entrances are not located at an intersection.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWCOST: $$Mini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkRegional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide Parkpedestrian treatments01 MINIMIZING CURB RADII02 CURB EXTENSIONS03 MID-BLOCK CROSSWALK04 IN-STREET “STOP FOR PEDESTRIANS” SIGNSTRAFFIC CALMINGTREATMENT IMPACTHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationSTREET TYPELOWCAPACITYMEDCAPACITYHIGHCAPACITYLIMITEDACCESSINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneAvenue StreetBoulevard StreetFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Pedestrian Master Plan DesignGuidelines (DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKIT05 MEDIAN REFUGE ISLAND06 RAISED CROSSWALK07 RECTANGULAR RAPID FLASH BEACONS08 PEDESTRIAN HYBRID BEACON09 PEDESTRIAN COUNTDOWN SIGNAL10 LEADING PEDESTRIAN INTERVAL11 PEDESTRIAN ONLY SIGNAL PHASEbicyclist treatments01 NEIGHBORHOOD GREENWAY02 SHARED LANE MARkINGS03 BIkE LANES04 CONTRA-FLOW BIkE LANE05 SHARED BICYCLE-BUS LANE06 BUFFERED BIkE LANE07 PROTECTED BIkE LANE08 COLORED BIkE LANES IN CONFLICT AREAS09 INTERSECTION CROSSING MARkINGS10 TWO-STAGE TURN QUEUE BOXES11 BICYCLE SIGNALS12 BIkE BOX13 MIXING ZONE01 SPEED tablES/HUMPS02 CHICaNES03 tRaFFIC CalMING CIRClES04 PaVEMENt tREatMENtS05 ROaD DIEtS06 GatEWaYSall contexts01 BIKE PARKING02 PARKING CONTROL/CORNER CLEARANCE03 SIDEWALKS04 PEDESTRIAN AMENITIES05 PEDESTRIANS AT TRANSIT STOPS06 HIGH VISIBILITY CROSSWALKS07 STREET TREESAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactA mid-block crosswalk improves a crossing forpedestrians between intersectionsChicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*TO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX30Link back to the Streetor Intersection Matricesusing the buttons in thelower left corner.SAFE ACCESS TO PARKS TOOLKIT MATRIXSTREETS1 Identify the park type2 Identify the adjacentstreet type3 Click treatmentoptions for detailsabout their use inand around parks*LOWPARK TYPE BY DRAWMEDIUMHIGHLOW MEDIUM HIGH» Mid-Block Crosswalks (uncontrolled)» Speed Tables/Humps» Chicanes» Pavement Treatments» Traffic Calming Circles» Neighborhood Greenways» Marked Shared Lanes» Bike Lanes» In-Street “Stop for Peds” Signs» Mid-Block Crosswalks (uncontrolled)» Speed Tables/Humps» Chicanes» Traffic Calming Circles» Neighborhood Greenways» Marked Shared Lanes» Bike Lanes» In-Street “Stop for Peds” Signs» Mid-Block Crosswalks (uncontrolled)» Chicanes» Traffic Calming Circles» Neighborhood Greenways» Marked Shared Lanes» Bike Lanes» Contra-flow Bike Lanes» Mid-Block Crosswalks (uncontrolled)» In-Street “Stop for Peds” Signs» Median Refuge Islands» Speed Tables/Humps» Chicanes» Pavement Treatments» Traffic Calming Circles» Marked Shared Lanes» Bike Lanes» Bicycle-Bus Lanes» In-Street “Stop for Peds” Signs» Raised Crosswalks or Intersections» Curb Extensions» Median Refuge Islands» Mid-Block Crosswalks (uncontrolled)» Rectangular Rapid Flash Beacons» Chicanes» Traffic Calming Circles» Road Diets» Bike Lanes» Bicycle-Bus Lanes» Contra-flow Bike Lanes» Raised Crosswalks or Intersections» Curb Extensions» Median Refuge Islands» Rectangular Rapid Flash Beacons» Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons» Gateways» Road Diets» Bike Lanes» Bicycle-Bus Lanes» Buffered Bike Lanes» Raised Crosswalks or Intersections» Curb Extensions» Median Refuge Islands» Rectangular Rapid Flash Beacons» Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons» Gateways» Road Diets» Bike Lanes» Bicycle-Bus Lanes» Buffered Bike Lanes» Raised Crosswalks or Intersections» Curb Extensions» Median Refuge Islands» Rectangular Rapid Flash Beacons» Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons» Road Diets» Gateways» Bike Lanes» Bicycle-Bus Lanes» Buffered Bike LanesSAFE ACCESS TO PARKS TOOLKIT MATRIXINTERSECTIONS1 Identify the park type2 Identify the adjacentintersection type3 Click treatment optionsfor details about theiruse in and around parksLOWPARK TYPE BY DRAWMEDIUMHIGHCHAPTER 5: Using Infrastructure to Increase Physical Activity24

GARFIELD PARK CASE STUDYThis section demontrates how the Safe Park Access Toolkitis used to identify potential treatment solutions for improvedpark access to Garfield Park. An understanding of the existingpark, roadway and intersection contexts helps pinpoint therange of park access solutions. Park typologies are based onthe distance of a park’s draw and the Low, Medium, or Highdraw designation corresponds with the total number of parkusers. Street typologies are based on roadway capacity. Theexisting conditions at Garfield Park allow for a wide range ofpossible park access improvements, as demonstrated in thehighlighted cells at right. For more information about Parksand Streets typologies see page 25.1IDENTIFY PARK CONTEXTGarfield Park is classified as an Historic Magnet Park by theChicago Parks Department. A Magnet park is considered tobe a HIGH DRAW park. Due to Garfield Park’s Historic status,addtional design review is required. See Appendix F: HistoricParks for details about this process.SAFE ACCESS TO PARKS TOOLKIT MATRIXSTREETS1 Identify the park typePARK TYPE BY DRAW2 Identify the adjacentstreet type3 Click treatmentoptions for detailsabout their use inand around parks*LOWMini ParkNeighborhood ParkPassive ParkMEDIUMRegional ParkCommunity ParkForest PreserveBoulevard SystemGreenwayHIGHADJACENT STREET TYPE BY CAPACITYLOW MEDIUM HIGHNeighborhood Connectors» Mid-Block Crosswalks (uncontrolled)» Speed Tables/Humps» Chicanes» Pavement Treatments» Traffic Calming Circles» Neighborhood Greenways» Marked Shared Lanes» Bike Lanes» Contra-flow Bike Lane» In-Street “Stop for Peds” Signs» Mid-Block Crosswalks (uncontrolled)» Speed Tables/Humps» Chicanes» Traffic Calming Circles» Neighborhood Greenways» Marked Shared Lanes» Bike Lanes» Contra-flow Bike LanesCity Connectors» Mid-Block Crosswalks (uncontrolled)» In-Street “Stop for Peds” Signs» Median Refuge Islands» Speed Tables/Humps» Chicanes» Pavement Treatments» Traffic Calming Circles» Marked Shared Lanes» Bike Lanes» Bicycle-Bus Lanes» In-Street “Stop for Peds” Signs» Raised Crosswalks or Intersections» Curb Extensions» Median Refuge Islands» Mid-Block Crosswalks (uncontrolled)» Rectangular Rapid Flash Beacons» Chicanes» Traffic Calming Circles» Road Diets» Bike Lanes» Bicycle-Bus Lanes» Contra-flow Bike Lanes» Buffered Bike LanesThoroughfares» Raised Crosswalks or Intersections» Curb Extensions» Median Refuge Islands» Rectangular Rapid Flash Beacons» Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons» Gateways» Road Diets» Bike Lanes» Bicycle-Bus Lanes» Buffered Bike Lanes» Protected Bike Lanes» Raised Crosswalks or Intersections» Curb Extensions» Median Refuge Islands» Rectangular Rapid Flash Beacons» Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons» Gateways» Road Diets» Bike Lanes» Bicycle-Bus Lanes» Buffered Bike Lanes» Protected Bike Lanes» In-Street “Stop for Peds” Signs» In-Street “Stop for Peds” Signs» Raised Crosswalks or Intersections» Mid-Block Crosswalks (uncontrolled)» Raised Crosswalks or Intersections» Curb Extensions» Chicanes» Curb Extensions» Median Refuge Islands» Traffic Calming Circles» Median Refuge Islands» Rectangular Rapid Flash Beacons» Neighborhood Greenways» Mid-Block Crosswalks (uncontrolled)» Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons» Marked Shared Lanes» Rectangular Rapid Flash Beacons» Road Diets» Bike Lanes» Chicanes» Gateways» Contra-flow Bike Lanes» Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons» Bike Lanes» Road Diet» Bicycle-Bus Lanes» Gateways» Buffered Bike Lanes» Bike Lanes» Protected Bike LanesMagnet Park» Bicycle-Bus LanesCitywide Park» Buffered Bike Lanes» Protected Bike Lanes*These treatments represent a range of available facilities that can be considered for a specific context. Identification of a specific treatment as appropriate does not necessitate its application in every instance.2IDENTIFY STREET CONTEXTThe streets that provide access to Garfield Park, Central ParkAve, Washington Blvd, Hamlin Blvd and Homan Ave are eitherMEDIUM or HIGH CAPACITY streets. The treatment matrix forstreets is found on the following page.SAFE ACCESS TO PARKS TOOLKIT MATRIXINTERSECTIONSADJACENT INTERSECTION TYPE1 Identify the park type2 Identify the adjacentintersection type3 Click treatment optionsfor details about theiruse in and around parks Mid-BlockUncontrolledCrosswalkPARK TYPE BY DRAWLOWMini ParkNeighborhood ParkPassive Park» Curb Extension» Median RefugeIsland» RectangularRapid FlashBeacon (RRFB)» MinimizingCurb Radii» Curb Extensions» PavementTreatmentStop/YieldControlled» MinimizingCurb Radii» Curb Extensions» PavementTreatment» Two-StageBike Turn Box» Mixing ZoneRoundabout orTraffic Circle» Median RefugeIsland» IntersectionCrossingMarkings» PavementTreatment6-Way Signal» MinimizingCurb Radii» IntersectionCrossing Markings» Curb Extensions» Colored Bike Lanes» PedestrianCountdown Signals» PavementTreatment» Two-Stage BikeTurn Box» Mixing Zone» Bike BoxInterchange» MinimizingCurb Radii» IntersectionCrossingMarkings» Colored BikeLanesSignalizedIntersection» MinimizingCurb Radii» IntersectionCrossing Markings» Curb Extensions» IntersectionCrossing Markings» Colored Bike Lanes» PedestrianCountdown Signals» Pavement Treatment» Two-Stage BikeTurn Box» Mixing Zone» Bike Box3IDENTIFY INTERSECTION TYPESIntersections at the edge of the park are mainly signalizedwith existing crosswalks. Some intersections are controlled bystop signs. The treatment matrix for intersections is found onthe following page.MEDIUMRegional ParkCommunity ParkForest PreserveBoulevard SystemGreenwayHIGHMagnet ParkCitywide Park» Curb Extension» Median RefugeIsland» RectangularRapid FlashBeacon (RRFB)» PedestrianHybrid Beacon» Curb Extension» Median RefugeIsland» RectangularRapid FlashBeacon (RRFB)» PedestrianHybrid Beacon» MinimizingCurb Radii» RectangularRapid FlashBeacon(RRFB)» PedestrianHybrid Beacon» MinimizingCurb Radii» RectangularRapid FlashBeacon (RRFB)» PedestrianHybrid Beacon» MinimizingCurb Radii» Curb Extensions» PavementTreatment» Two-Stage BikeTurn Box» Mixing Zone» MinimizingCurb Radii» Curb Extensions» PavementTreatment» Two-StageBike Turn Box» Mixing Zone» Median RefugeIsland» RectangularRapid FlashBeacon (RRFB)» IntersectionCrossingMarkings» Median RefugeIsland» RectangularRapid FlashBeacon (RRFB)» PedestrianHybrid Beacon» IntersectionCrossingMarkings» MinimizingCurb Radii» IntersectionCrossing Markings» Curb Extensions» Colored BikeLanes» PedestrianCountdownSignals» Bicycle Signal» Two-Stage BikeTurn Box» Mixing Zone» Bike Box» Minimize Curb Radii» PedestrianSignal Phases» Leading PedestrianInterval» IntersectionCrossing Markings» Colored Bike Lanes» PedestrianCountdown Signals» Bicycle Signal» Two-Stage BikeTurn Box» Mixing Zone» Bike Box» MinimizingCurb Radii» IntersectionCrossingMarkings» ColoredBike Lanes» MinimizingCurb Radii» IntersectionCrossingMarkings» ColoredBike Lanes» MinimizingCurb Radii» Curb Extensions» IntersectionCrossing Markings» Colored BikeLanes» PedestrianCountdownSignals» Bicycle Signal» Two-Stage BikeTurn Box» Mixing Zone» Bike Box» Minimizing Curb Radii» Curb Extensions» PedestrianSignal Phases» Leading PedestrianInterval» IntersectionCrossing Markings» Colored Bike Lanes» PedestrianCountdown Signals» Bicycle Signal» Two-Stage BikeTurn Box» Mixing Zone» Bike Box

GARFIELDPARKN Schrader DrN Central Park AveN Homan AveN Hamlin BlvdW Washington BlvdAVAILABLE TREATMENTS ONHIGH CAPACITY STREETSAVAILABLE TREATMENTS ONMEDIUM CAPACITY STREETSAVAILABLE TREATMENTS ATSIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONSAVAILABLE TREATMENTS ATUNSIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONSIn-Street “Stop for Peds” SignsRaised Crosswalks or IntersectionsCurb ExtensionsMedian Refuge IslandsMid-Block Crosswalks (uncontrolled)Rectangular Rapid Flash BeaconsChicanesPedestrian Hybrid BeaconsRoad DietGatewaysBike LanesBicycle-Bus LanesBuffered Bike LanesProtected CHAPTER: Bike chapter Lanes titleRaised Crosswalk or IntersectionCurb ExtensionsMedian Refuge IslandsRectangular Rapid Flash BeaconsPedestrian Hybrid BeaconsRoad DietsGatewaysBike LanesBicycle-Bus LanesBuffered Bike LanesProtected Bike LanesMinimizing Curb RadiiCurb ExtensionsPedestrian Signal PhasesLeading Pedestrian IntervalIntersection Crossing MarkingsColored Bike LanesPedestrian Countdown SignalsBicycle SignalsTwo-Stage Bike Turn BoxesMixing ZonesBike BoxesMinimizing Curb RadiiCurb ExtensionsPavement TreatmentsTwo-Stage Bike Turn BoxesMixing ZonesBike Boxes26

SAFE ACCESS TO PARKS TOOLKIT MATRIXSTREETS1 Identify the park typePARK TYPE BY DRAW2 Identify the adjacentstreet type3 Click treatmentoptions for detailsabout their use inand around parks*LOWMini ParkNeighborhood ParkPassive ParkMEDIUMRegional ParkCommunity ParkForest PreserveBoulevard SystemGreenwayHIGHMagnet ParkCitywide ParkADJACENT STREET TYPE BY CAPACITYLOW MEDIUM HIGHNeighborhood Connectors»»Mid-Block Crosswalks (uncontrolled)»»Speed Tables/Humps»»Chicanes»»Pavement Treatments»»Traffic Calming Circles»»Neighborhood Greenways»»Marked Shared Lanes»»Bike Lanes»»Contra-flow Bike Lane»»In-Street “Stop for Peds” Signs»»Mid-Block Crosswalks (uncontrolled)»»Speed Tables/Humps»»Chicanes»»Traffic Calming Circles»»Neighborhood Greenways»»Marked Shared Lanes»»Bike Lanes»»Contra-flow Bike Lanes»»In-Street “Stop for Peds” Signs»»Mid-Block Crosswalks (uncontrolled)»»Chicanes»»Traffic Calming Circles»»Neighborhood Greenways»»Marked Shared Lanes»»Bike Lanes»»Contra-flow Bike LanesCity Connectors»»Mid-Block Crosswalks (uncontrolled)»»In-Street “Stop for Peds” Signs»»Median Refuge Islands»»Speed Tables/Humps»»Chicanes»»Pavement Treatments»»Traffic Calming Circles»»Marked Shared Lanes»»Bike Lanes»»Bicycle-Bus Lanes»»In-Street “Stop for Peds” Signs»»Raised Crosswalks or Intersections»»Curb Extensions»»Median Refuge Islands»»Mid-Block Crosswalks (uncontrolled)»»Rectangular Rapid Flash Beacons»»Chicanes»»Traffic Calming Circles»»Road Diets»»Bike Lanes»»Bicycle-Bus Lanes»»Contra-flow Bike Lanes»»Buffered Bike Lanes»»In-Street “Stop for Peds” Signs»»Raised Crosswalks or Intersections»»Curb Extensions»»Median Refuge Islands»»Mid-Block Crosswalks (uncontrolled)»»Rectangular Rapid Flash Beacons»»Chicanes»»Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons»»Road Diet»»Gateways»»Bike Lanes»»Bicycle-Bus Lanes»»Buffered Bike Lanes»»Protected Bike LanesThoroughfares»»Raised Crosswalks or Intersections»»Curb Extensions»»Median Refuge Islands»»Rectangular Rapid Flash Beacons»»Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons»»Gateways»»Road Diets»»Bike Lanes»»Bicycle-Bus Lanes»»Buffered Bike Lanes»»Protected Bike Lanes»»Raised Crosswalks or Intersections»»Curb Extensions»»Median Refuge Islands»»Rectangular Rapid Flash Beacons»»Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons»»Gateways»»Road Diets»»Bike Lanes»»Bicycle-Bus Lanes»»Buffered Bike Lanes»»Protected Bike Lanes»»Raised Crosswalks or Intersections»»Curb Extensions»»Median Refuge Islands»»Rectangular Rapid Flash Beacons»»Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons»»Road Diets»»Gateways»»Bike Lanes»»Bicycle-Bus Lanes»»Buffered Bike Lanes»»Protected Bike Lanes*These treatments represent a range of available facilities that can be considered for a specific context. Identification of a specific treatment as appropriate does not necessitate its application in every instance.

SAFE ACCESS TO PARKS TOOLKIT MATRIXINTERSECTIONSPARK TYPE BY DRAW1 Identify the park type2 Identify the adjacentintersection type3 Click treatment optionsfor details about theiruse in and around parksLOWMini ParkNeighborhood ParkPassive ParkMEDIUMRegional ParkCommunity ParkForest PreserveBoulevard SystemGreenwayHIGHMagnet ParkCitywide ParkADJACENT INTERSECTION TYPEMid-BlockCrosswalk»»Curb Extension»»Median RefugeIsland»»RectangularRapid FlashBeacon (RRFB)»»Curb Extension»»Median RefugeIsland»»RectangularRapid FlashBeacon (RRFB)»»PedestrianHybrid Beacon»»Curb Extension»»Median RefugeIsland»»RectangularRapid FlashBeacon (RRFB)»»PedestrianHybrid BeaconUncontrolled»»MinimizingCurb Radii»»Curb Extensions»»PavementTreatment»»MinimizingCurb Radii»»RectangularRapid FlashBeacon(RRFB)»»PedestrianHybrid Beacon»»MinimizingCurb Radii»»RectangularRapid FlashBeacon (RRFB)»»PedestrianHybrid BeaconStop/YieldControlled»»MinimizingCurb Radii»»Curb Extensions»»PavementTreatment»»Two-StageBike Turn Box»»Mixing Zone»»MinimizingCurb Radii»»Curb Extensions»»PavementTreatment»»Two-Stage BikeTurn Box»»Mixing Zone»»MinimizingCurb Radii»»Curb Extensions»»PavementTreatment»»Two-StageBike Turn Box»»Mixing ZoneRoundabout orTraffic Circle»»Median RefugeIsland»»IntersectionCrossingMarkings»»PavementTreatment»»Median RefugeIsland»»RectangularRapid FlashBeacon (RRFB)»»IntersectionCrossingMarkings»»Median RefugeIsland»»RectangularRapid FlashBeacon (RRFB)»»PedestrianHybrid Beacon»»IntersectionCrossingMarkings6-Way Signal»»MinimizingCurb Radii»»IntersectionCrossing Markings»»Curb Extensions»»Colored Bike Lanes»»PedestrianCountdown Signals»»PavementTreatment»»Two-Stage BikeTurn Box»»Mixing Zone»»Bike Box»»MinimizingCurb Radii»»IntersectionCrossing Markings»»Curb Extensions»»Colored BikeLanes»»PedestrianCountdownSignals»»Bicycle Signal»»Two-Stage BikeTurn Box»»Mixing Zone»»Bike Box»»Minimize Curb Radii»»PedestrianSignal Phases»»Leading PedestrianInterval»»IntersectionCrossing Markings»»Colored Bike Lanes»»PedestrianCountdown Signals»»Bicycle Signal»»Two-Stage BikeTurn Box»»Mixing Zone»»Bike BoxInterchange»»MinimizingCurb Radii»»IntersectionCrossingMarkings»»Colored BikeLanes»»MinimizingCurb Radii»»IntersectionCrossingMarkings»»ColoredBike Lanes»»MinimizingCurb Radii»»IntersectionCrossingMarkings»»ColoredBike LanesSignalizedIntersection»»MinimizingCurb Radii»»IntersectionCrossing Markings»»Curb Extensions»»IntersectionCrossing Markings»»Colored Bike Lanes»»PedestrianCountdown Signals»»Pavement Treatment»»Two-Stage BikeTurn Box»»Mixing Zone»»Bike Box»»MinimizingCurb Radii»»Curb Extensions»»IntersectionCrossing Markings»»Colored BikeLanes»»PedestrianCountdownSignals»»Bicycle Signal»»Two-Stage BikeTurn Box»»Mixing Zone»»Bike Box»»Minimizing Curb Radii»»Curb Extensions»»PedestrianSignal Phases»»Leading PedestrianInterval»»IntersectionCrossing Markings»»Colored Bike Lanes»»PedestrianCountdown Signals»»Bicycle Signal»»Two-Stage BikeTurn Box»»Mixing Zone»»Bike Box

PEDESTRIAN TREATMENTS0102030405060708091011MINIMIZING CURB RADIICURB EXTENSIONSMID-BLOCK CROSSWALKIN-STREET “STOP FOR PEDESTRIANS” SIGNSMEDIAN REFUGE ISLANDRAISED CROSSWALKRECTANGULAR RAPID FLASH BEACONSPEDESTRIAN HYBRID BEACONPEDESTRIAN COUNTDOWN SIGNALLEADING PEDESTRIAN INTERVALPEDESTRIAN ONLY SIGNAL PHASE

01MINIMIZING CURB RADIIPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTS BICYCLIST TREATMENTS TRAFFIC CALMING ALL CONTEXTSMINIMIZING CURB RADII provides more pedestrian area at the corner for curb rampsand waiting. Reducing curb radii at intersections near parks will help improve the overallpedestrian environment by reducing motor vehicle turning speeds and decreasing the crossingdistance.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWMini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkCOST: $$Regional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactA tight curb radius keeps motor vehicle turnspeeds low at an intersection with markedcrosswalksLIMITEDACCESSINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Pedestrian Master Plan DesignGuidelines (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX30

02CURB EXTENSIONSPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTS BICYCLIST TREATMENTS TRAFFIC CALMING ALL CONTEXTSCURB EXTENSIONS minimize pedestrian exposure by shortening crossing distance andgiving pedestrians a better chance to see and be seen. They are appropriate for any crosswalkwhere it is desirable to shorten the crossing distance and there is a parking lane adjacent to thecurb. Reducing crossing distances is especially important at park entrances that children andthe elderly often access.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWMini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkCOST: $$Regional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactA curb extension combined with a bioswaleimproves pedestrian visibility and comfortwhile filtering stormwaterLIMITEDACCESSFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Pedestrian Master Plan DesignGuidelines (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX31

03MID-BLOCK CROSSWALK (uncontrolled)PEDESTRIAN TREATMENTS BICYCLIST TREATMENTS TRAFFIC CALMING ALL CONTEXTSMID-BLOCK CROSSWALKS provide a designated crossing opportunity where manypeople want to cross but intersections are spaced far apart. These facilities use a highvisibility crosswalk and warning signs to inform drivers of the approaching crossing. Mid-blockcrosswalks may be used where park entrances are not located at an intersection.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWMini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkCOST: $$Regional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactA mid-block crosswalk improves a crossing forpedestrians between intersectionsLIMITEDACCESSINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Pedestrian Master Plan DesignGuidelines (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX32

04IN-STREET “STOP FOR PEDESTRIANS” SIGNSPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTS BICYCLIST TREATMENTS TRAFFIC CALMING ALL CONTEXTSIN-STREET “STOP FOR PEDESTRIANS” SIGNS are flexible plastic “paddle” signsinstalled in the center of a roadway to enhance a crosswalk at an uncontrolled crosswalk. Atpark entrances with heavy pedestrian use in-street pedestrian signs can help improve motoristyield behavior by reinforcing the law.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWCOST: $Mini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkRegional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactIn-street pedestrian signs improve motorist yieldbehaviorLIMITEDACCESSINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Pedestrian Master Plan DesignGuidelines (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX33

05PEDESTRIAN TREATMENTSBICYCLIST TREATMENTSMEDIAN REFUGE ISLANDTRAFFIC CALMINGALL CONTEXTSMEDIAN REFUGE ISLANDS help facilitate safe access to parks by allowing pedestriansto cross one direction of traffic at a time. The refuge, located between lanes of opposing traffic,also helps to minimize pedestrian exposure by shortening the crossing distance and providing acomfortable space for individuals to wait for a gap in traffic.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWMini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkMagnet Park and Citywide ParkCOST: $$$Regional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwaySTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactMedian Refuge Island and “stop for pedestrians”sign at Humboldt Boulevard provides safe andcomfortable pedestrian access to Humboldt ParkLIMITEDACCESSINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Pedestrian Master Plan DesignGuidelines (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX34

06PEDESTRIAN TREATMENTSBICYCLIST TREATMENTSRAISED CROSSWALKTRAFFIC CALMINGALL CONTEXTSRAISED CROSSWALKS are designed to heighten driver awareness of pedestriancrossings and assign priority to pedestrians. The raised crosswalk also helps to reduce motorvehicle speeds, which increases motorist yield behavior. Raised crosswalks at park entrancescan significantly improve the pedestrian crossing experience.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWCOST: $$$Mini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkRegional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactA raised crosswalk at a mid-block crossingreduces motor vehicle speeds on the approachLIMITEDACCESSINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Pedestrian Master Plan DesignGuidelines (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX35

07RECTANGULAR RAPID FLASH BEACONPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTS BICYCLIST TREATMENTS TRAFFIC CALMING ALL CONTEXTSRECTANGULAR RAPID FLASH BEACONS (RRFBs) are an active warning beaconthat is designed to alert motorists to the presence of a pedestrian waiting to cross. RRFB’s areactivated by a pedestrian via a push button mounted on a post. The amber lights in an RRFB arehigh-intensity, similar to those used on emergency vehicles and the flashing pattern is irregularto better attract motorists’ attention.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWMini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkRegional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkCOST: $-$$STREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactThe amber lights on an RRFB flash in an erraticpattern to increase yieldingLIMITEDACCESSINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Pedestrian Master Plan DesignGuidelines (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX36

08PEDESTRIAN HYBRID BEACONPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTS BICYCLIST TREATMENTS TRAFFIC CALMING ALL CONTEXTSPEDESTRIAN HYBRID BEACONS are demand-responsive pedestrian or bicycle signalscommonly used to assist in crossing high traffic volume streets. For the demand-responsivesignal, a push button or imbedded loop detector actuates the pedestrian/bicycle phase. APedestrian Hybrid Beacon is a combination of a beacon flasher and traffic control signalingtechnique for marked crossings. The beacon signal consists of a traffic signal head with a redyellow-redlens. The unit is off until activated.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWMini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkRegional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkCOST: $$$STREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactAn activated Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon providesa safer crossingLIMITEDACCESSFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Pedestrian Master Plan DesignGuidelines (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX37

09PEDESTRIAN TREATMENTSPEDESTRIAN COUNTDOWN SIGNALBICYCLIST TREATMENTSTRAFFIC CALMINGALL CONTEXTSPEDESTRIAN COUNTDOWN SIGNALS are particularly valuable for pedestrians, asthey indicate how much time is left to cross the street before the pedestrian phase ends. Alltraffic signals should be equipped with pedestrian signal indications except where pedestriancrossing is prohibited by signage.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWMini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkCOST: $-$$Regional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactPedestrian countdown signal heads allowpedestrians to make an informed decision abouthow much time is left to cross the streetLIMITEDACCESSFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Pedestrian Master Plan DesignGuidelines (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX38

10LEADING PEDESTRIAN INTERVALPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTS BICYCLIST TREATMENTS TRAFFIC CALMING ALL CONTEXTSLEADING PEDESTRIAN INTERVALS (LPIs) are commonly used at intersectionswhere there are conflicts between turning vehicles and pedestrians. At an LPI, pedestriansare given a “walk” designation a few seconds before the green phase begins, increasing theirvisibility in the crosswalk.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWCOST: $Mini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkRegional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactA pedestrian receives an advanced signal toproceed across the intersection before motoristsLIMITEDACCESSFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Pedestrian Master Plan DesignGuidelines (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX39

11PEDESTRIAN TREATMENTSPEDESTRIAN ONLY SIGNAL PHASEBICYCLIST TREATMENTSTRAFFIC CALMINGALL CONTEXTSPEDESTRIAN ONLY SIGNAL PHASES are typically used in areas with very heavypedestrian traffic, such as the entrance to Buckingham Fountain. An all-pedestrian signal phasegives pedestrians free passage to move straight or diagonally through the intersection while allmotor vehicle traffic movements are stopped.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWMini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkCOST: $$Regional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactSeparate pedestrian signal phases allow walkers tochoose the best route through the intersectionLIMITEDACCESSFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Pedestrian Master Plan DesignGuidelines (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX40

BICYCLIST TREATMENTS01020304050607080910111213NEIGHBORHOOD GREENWAYMARKED SHARED LANESBIKE LANESCONTRA-FLOW BIKE LANESHARED BICYCLE-BUS LANEBUFFERED BIKE LANEPROTECTED BIKE LANECOLORED BIKE LANES IN CONFLICT AREASINTERSECTION CROSSING MARKINGSTWO-STAGE TURN QUEUE BOXESBICYCLE SIGNALSBIKE BOXMIXING ZONE

01BICYCLIST TREATMENTSNEIGHBORHOOD GREENWAYPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTS TRAFFIC CALMING ALL CONTEXTSNEIGHBORHOOD GREENWAYS are low-volume streets where motorists and bicyclistsshare the same space. However, traffic calming and other treatments along the corridoroptimize these streets for pedestrian and bicycle travel by reducing vehicle speeds andvolumes. This creates a more comfortable environment for all users. Neighborhood greenwaysmay be most appropriate at parks where access is provided via low local traffic streets.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWCOST: $-$$-$$$Mini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkRegional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactNeighborhood Greenways prioritize pedestrianand bicycle travel over other modesLIMITEDACCESSINTERSECTION TYPESignalized Intersection (see Streets for Cycling2020 Facilities Guide for additional guidance)Interchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Streets for Cycling 2020Facilities Guides (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX42

02BICYCLIST TREATMENTSMARKED SHARED LANESPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTS TRAFFIC CALMING ALL CONTEXTSMARKED SHARED LANES delineate specifically where bicyclists should operate within ashared vehicle/bicycle travel lane. Park entrances adjacent to streets can gain improved bicyclistaccess through shared lane markings where a conventional bike lane may not fit.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWCOST: $Mini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkRegional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactMarked shared lanes indicate where bicyclistsshould ride in the travel lane - a safe distancefrom the parking laneLIMITEDACCESSINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Streets for Cycling 2020Facilities Guides (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX43

03 BIKE LANESBICYCLIST TREATMENTS PEDESTRIAN TREATMENTS TRAFFIC CALMING ALL CONTEXTSBIKE LANES are designated exclusively for bicycle travel. Bike lanes are separated fromvehicle travel lanes with striping and pavement stencils. Bike lanes are most appropriate onarterial and collector streets where higher traffic volumes and speeds warrant separation. Bikelanes increase bicyclists’ comfort and reduce wrong-way riding.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWCOST: $Mini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkRegional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactBike lanes provide sepaaration from vehicles onthe way to parksLIMITEDACCESSFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Streets for Cycling 2020Facilities Guides (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX44

04BICYCLIST TREATMENTSCONTRA-FLOW BIKE LANEPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTS TRAFFIC CALMING ALL CONTEXTSCONTRA-FLOW BIKE LANES provide two-way travel for bicyclists along a roadwaythat is one-way for automobile traffic. This treatment can provide direct access and connectivityfor bicyclists, avoiding detours and reducing travel distances for cyclists. Contra-flow bike lanescan provide access to park entrances that may be otherwise difficult to access by bike.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWCOST: $Mini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkRegional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactA contra-flow bike lane provides access to a parkwhere few existing alternative routes existLIMITEDACCESSINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Streets for Cycling 2020Facilities Guides (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX45

05BICYCLIST TREATMENTSSHARED BICYCLE-BUS LANESPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTS TRAFFIC CALMING ALL CONTEXTSSHARED BICYCLE-BUS LANES are used where width is available for a bus lane,but not a bus and bike lane. This treatment provides a dedicated space for both bicycles andbuses outside of the motor vehicle travel lane. The facility may be most appropriate on streetsadjacent to parks where there is a constrained right-of-way and existing priority transit service.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWCOST: $Mini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkRegional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactA shared bicycle-bus lane in operation on a busmall provides an important connection whenspace does not permit separate lanesLIMITEDACCESSFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Streets for Cycling 2020Facilities Guides (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX46

06BICYCLIST TREATMENTSBUFFERED BIKE LANEPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTS TRAFFIC CALMING ALL CONTEXTSBUFFERED BIKE LANES are designed to increase the space between the bike laneand the travel lane or parking lane. Bike lanes on high-volume or high-speed roadways canbe dangerous or uncomfortable for cyclists, as automobiles pass or are parked too close tobicyclists. Adding a 2’ to 3’ painted buffer to a standard bike lane helps increase bicycle usercomfort and safety.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWMini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkCOST: $$Regional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactThis buffered bike lane on Lake near Central Parkhelps bicyclists feel more comfortableLIMITEDACCESSFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Streets for Cycling 2020Facilities Guides (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX47

07 PROTECTED BIKE LANEBICYCLIST TREATMENTSPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTS TRAFFIC CALMING ALL CONTEXTSPROTECTED BIKE LANES are on-street bikeway facilities that provide the safety andcomfort of a bicycle path within the road right-of-way. Added protection, in the form of aphysical barrier, separates motor vehicles and bicyclists where travel speeds and/or motorvehicle traffic volumes are high. This type of facility appeals to a wider range of bicycle usersthan a conventional bike lane and may be especially appropriate adjacent to parks with highnumbers of children, the elderly and other vulnerable populations.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWCOST: $$-$$$Mini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkRegional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactA protected bike lane provides quality bicycleaccess.LIMITEDACCESSFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Streets for Cycling 2020Facilities Guides (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX48

08COLORED BIKE LANES (only conflict areas)BICYCLIST TREATMENTS PEDESTRIAN TREATMENTS TRAFFIC CALMING ALL CONTEXTSCOLORED BIKE LANES are used in conflict areas where motorists and cyclists mustcross each other’s path (e.g., at intersections or merge areas). The colored pavement typicallyextends through the entire bicycle/vehicle conflict zone (e.g., through the entire intersection,or through the transition zone where motorists cross a bike lane to enter a dedicated right turnlane). On heavily trafficked routes to parks, colored bike lanes increase motorists’ awareness ofbicyclists.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWMini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkCOST: $-$$Regional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactGreen pavement markings indicate the conflictzone between bicyclists and motoristsLIMITEDACCESSFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Streets for Cycling 2020Facilities Guides (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX49

09BICYCLIST TREATMENTSINTERSECTION CROSSING MARKINGSPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTS TRAFFIC CALMING ALL CONTEXTSINTERSECTION CROSSING MARKINGS delineate the path that bicyclists shouldtake through an intersection or across a driveway or ramp. At large or complex intersectionsadjacent to parks, these facilities provide cues for correct bicycle positioning, reduce conflictsbetween pedestrians and cyclists, and increase driver awareness of bicyclists.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWMini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkCOST: $-$$Regional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactIntersection crossing markings provide acontinuous bikeway at intersectionsLIMITEDACCESSFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Streets for Cycling 2020Facilities Guides (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX50

10 TWO-STAGE TURN QUEUE BOXESBICYCLIST TREATMENTSPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTS TRAFFIC CALMING ALL CONTEXTSTWO-STAGE TURN QUEUE BOXES allow bicyclists to better navigate left or rightturns at intersections, which are often difficult in heavy vehicle traffic. Parks that must beaccessed by a left or right turn accross multiple lanes would benefit from the placement of adedicated turn box at the intersection. Bicyclists will make the turn in two stages.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWCOST: $Mini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkRegional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactThe existing crosswalk was realigned to makeroom for this right-turn box at a busy intersectionLIMITEDACCESSFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Streets for Cycling 2020Facilities Guides (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX49

11BICYCLIST TREATMENTSBICYCLE SIGNALSPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTS TRAFFIC CALMING ALL CONTEXTSBICYCLE SIGNALS can be used to provide additional guidance to bicyclists and otherroadway users. At some intersections bicyclists have different needs than other roadway users(e.g. bicycle only movements; conflicts with motorists, transit, or pedestrians). In these areas,bicycle signals are used in combination with conventional traffic signals and use standard green,yellow, red lenses with the addition of a bicycle stencil. Busy or complex intersections nearparks may benefit from separate bicycle phases indicated through a bicycle signal.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWCOST: $$-$$$Mini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkRegional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactA separate bicycle signal phase allows bicycliststo move without conflict with motor vehiclesLIMITEDACCESSFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Streets for Cycling 2020Facilities Guides (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX52

12BICYCLIST TREATMENTSBIKE BOXESPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTS TRAFFIC CALMING ALL CONTEXTSBIKE BOXES create a more comfortable and safe environment for cyclists by increasingtheir visibility to motorists and providing them a way to get ahead of queued traffic. This facilitymoves back the stop bar for vehicles at signalized intersections in order to create a designatedarea for bicyclists to wait during the red signal phase. Bike boxes are especially effective atreducing right-hook conflicts and help transit drivers see queuing bicyclists better.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWMini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkCOST: $$Regional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactBike boxes provide a safer place to wait attraffic signalsLIMITEDACCESSFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Streets for Cycling 2020Facilities Guides (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX53

13 MIXING ZONESBICYCLIST TREATMENTSPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTS TRAFFIC CALMING ALL CONTEXTSMIXING ZONES are used where a protected bicycle lane merges with a motor vehicle turnlane. Pavement markings are used to assign priority to bicyclists through the mixing zone. Thistreatment reduces vehicle speeds on the intersection approach and helps create predictablemovements between motorists and bicyclists.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWMini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkCOST: $$Regional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactMixing zones alert bicyclists and motorists topotential conflicts.LIMITEDACCESSFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Streets for Cycling 2020Facilities Guides (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX54

TRAFFIC CALMING010203040506SPEED TABLES/HUMPSCHICANESTRAFFIC CALMING CIRCLESPAVEMENT TREATMENTSROAD DIETSGATEWAYS

01TRAFFIC CALMINGPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTSSPEED TABLES/HUMPSBICYCLIST TREATMENTSALL CONTEXTSSPEED TABLES/HUMPS are rounded raised areas of the pavement requiring approachingmotor vehicles to reduce speed. These devices also discourage through vehicle travel on astreet when a parallel route exists. Maintaining lower vehicle speeds on routes to parks improvesthe overall pedestrian and bicycle environment.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWMini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkCOST: $$Regional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactSpeed tables and humps increase safety byreducing vehicle speedsLIMITEDACCESSINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Pedestrian Master Plan DesignGuidelines (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX56

02TRAFFIC CALMINGPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTSCHICANESBICYCLIST TREATMENTSALL CONTEXTSCHICANES are a series of raised or delineated curb extensions on alternating sides of astreet forming an S-shaped curb, which reduce vehicle speeds through narrowed travel lanes.Internal park streets or adjacent low capacity streets with speeding issues may benefit from theinstallation of chicanes.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWMini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkCOST: $$Regional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactChicanes physically narrow the roadway,requiring motor vehicles to reduce speedsLIMITEDACCESSINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Pedestrian Master Plan DesignGuidelines (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX57

03TRAFFIC CALMINGTRAFFIC CALMING CIRCLESPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTSBICYCLIST TREATMENTSALL CONTEXTSTRAFFIC CALMING CIRCLES are raised or delineated islands placed at intersections,reducing vehicle speeds through tighter turning radii and narrowed vehicle travel lanes.These devices can effectively slow vehicle traffic while allowing all turning movements at anintersection. Where main park entrances are at an unsignalized intersection, traffic calmingcircles can create more comfortable crossing for all users, increasing the likelihood of motoriststo stop for crossing pedestrians without requiring a stop when no pedestrians are present.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWMini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkCOST: $$Regional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactA traffic calming circle at 106th and Campbelleffectively slows traffic on this tree-linedneighborhood streetLIMITEDACCESSINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Pedestrian Master Plan DesignGuidelines (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX58

04TRAFFIC CALMINGPAVEMENT TREATMENTSPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTSBICYCLIST TREATMENTSALL CONTEXTSPAVEMENT TREATMENTS consist of colored pavers, imprinted asphalt, or otheradhesive patterns to provide added emphasis at intersections. Intersections that also serveas gateways to neighborhoods, parks, schools, or commercial centers are common recipientsof this type of treatment. Pavement treatments can act as a traffic calming device and alsoenhance the look and feel of an intersection.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWMini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkCOST: $$Regional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactThe combination of zebra crosswalk markingsand brick pavers creates a visually intersestingcrosswalkLIMITEDACCESSINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Pedestrian Master Plan DesignGuidelines (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX59

05TRAFFIC CALMINGPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTSROAD DIETBICYCLIST TREATMENTSALL CONTEXTSROAD DIETS typically require narrowing travel lanes or removing a parking lane or motorvehicle travel lane to add bikeways. More narrow, or fewer lanes also have a traffic calmingeffect on the street, which improves pedestrian comfort. Parks with streets that are built to ahigher capacity than there is existing demand for may be good candidates for a road diet.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWMini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkRegional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkCOST: $$$STREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactThe Humboldt Park Road Diet allowed for theplacement of a median refuge island crossingLIMITEDACCESSFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Pedestrian Master Plan DesignGuidelines (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX60

06TRAFFIC CALMINGPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTSGATEWAYSBICYCLIST TREATMENTSALL CONTEXTSGATEWAYS visually enhance the street and clearly demarcate the entrance to aneighborhood, commercial center, park or school. The elements that are used to create agateway vary widely because they often incorporate signage and street art that captures thespirit and values of the place being entered. However, gateways will always have some kindof traffic calming associated with them. Parks with rich historical, regional, or communityimportance may benefit from the development of a gateway.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWMini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkCOST: $$Regional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactThe Dunbar Park Gateway welcomes parkpatronsLIMITEDACCESSFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Pedestrian Master Plan DesignGuidelines (2012)CDOT Streetscape Design GuidelinesChicago Complete Streets Design ManualMAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX61

Temporary street closures can linkparks and connect people

ALL CONTEXTS01020304050607BIKE PARKINGPARKING CONTROL/CORNER CLEARANCESIDEWALKSPEDESTRIAN AMENITIESPEDESTRIANS AT TRANSIT STOPSHIGH VISIBILITY CROSSWALKSSTREET TREES

01ALL CONTEXTSPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTSBIKE PARKINGBICYCLIST TREATMENTSALL TRAFFIC CONTEXTS CALMINGBIKE PARKING at parks encourages visitors to ride their bikes to access the park. Providingsecure and abundant bike parking options inside parks allows visitors to enjoy their desiredpark activities free from worry about theft and vandalism to their bicycle. On-street bike corralparking may also be considered in areas of commercial activity that are on the park’s periphery,or where space within the park is constrained. Bike parking should be provided as close to parkamenities and destinations as possible.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWMini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkCOST: $$Regional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationMEDCAPACITYHIGHCAPACITYLIMITEDACCESSAvenue StreetBoulevard StreetFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkADDITIONALRESOURCESAPBP Bike Parking GuidelinesMAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactDesignated bike parking encourages riders to park outof the way of other patronsChicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*TO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX64

02ALL CONTEXTSPARKING CONTROL/CORNER CLEARANCEPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTSBICYCLIST TREATMENTSALL TRAFFIC CONTEXTS CALMINGPARKING CONTROL/CORNER CLEARANCE improves visibility betweenpedestrians and motorists in the vicinity of the crosswalk. To increase pedestrian safety, onstreetparking can be set back 25’ to 30’ from intersections that are adjacent to park entrances.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWMini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkCOST: $$Regional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactMedian Limiting Refuge on street Island parking at XX increases provides safety and atcomfortable crosswalks pedestrian access to XXLIMITEDACCESSFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Street and Site Design Standards(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX65

03ALL CONTEXTSPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTSSIDEWALKSBICYCLIST TREATMENTSALL TRAFFIC CONTEXTS CALMINGSIDEWALKS are the most fundamental element of the walking network.Sidewalks aretypically constructed out of concrete and are separated from the roadway by a curb or gutter,landscaping, and on-street parking. All parks should benefit from a high quality sidewalknetwork within the park and accross the park frontage to the street.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWMini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkCOST: $$$Regional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactSidewalks Median are the Refuge backbone Island of at safe XX provides park access safe andcomfortable pedestrian access to XXLIMITEDACCESSINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Pedestrian Master Plan DesignGuidelines (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX66

04ALL CONTEXTSPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTSPEDESTRIAN AMENITIESBICYCLIST TREATMENTSALL TRAFFIC CONTEXTS CALMINGPEDESTRIAN AMENITIES within, and on the route to, parks are important for creatinga safe and comfortable atmosphere for people. Pedestrian scale lighting, benches, wayfindingsigns, and trash receptacles spaced appropriately and thoughtful landscaping features cansignificantly improve the park environment.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWMini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkCOST: $$ $-$$Regional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactTwo couples enjoy a comfortable afternoonLIMITEDACCESSFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Pedestrian Master Plan DesignGuidelines (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX67

05ALL CONTEXTSPEDESTRIANS AT TRANSIT STOPSPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTSBICYCLIST TREATMENTSALL TRAFFIC CONTEXTS CALMINGAMENITIES FOR PEDESTRIANS AT TRANSIT STOPS encourage transit use. Inorder to be attractive, transit service must be frequent, reliable, convenient, comfortable andaffordable. A hard flat surface is required for safe boarding, alighting, waiting and accessibility.A covered seating area, bench, trash receptacle, wayfinding information, and up-to-datetransit route information improve the likelihood that Chicagoans will view transit as a viabletransportation mode to take to parks and other important destinations.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWMini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkCOST: $$Regional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactA bus shelter complete with seating and transitinformation is an asset for park-goersLIMITEDACCESSFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Pedestrian Master Plan DesignGuidelines (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX68

06ALL CONTEXTSHIGH VISIBILITY CROSSWALKSPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTSBICYCLIST TREATMENTSALL TRAFFIC CONTEXTS CALMINGHIGH VISIBILITY CROSSWALKS help orient pedestrians across a complex intersection,show pedestrians the shortest route across traffic with the least exposure to potential vehicleconflicts and help position pedestrians where they can best be seen by oncoming traffic. Allcrossings near parks should have high visibility crosswalks.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWMini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkCOST: $$Regional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactHigh visibility crosswalks clearly demarcate thepreferred crossing locationLIMITEDACCESSFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Pedestrian Master Plan DesignGuidelines (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX69

07ALL CONTEXTSPEDESTRIAN TREATMENTSSTREET TREESBICYCLIST TREATMENTSALL TRAFFIC CONTEXTS CALMINGSTREET TREES have been shown to reduce motor vehicle traffic speeds, which improvessafety and comfort for pedestrians. This benefit is provided because tree-lined corridors visuallynarrow the street, causing drivers to slow down. In addition, street trees add visual interest andnatural green space to the built environment while serving an ecological benefit.TYPICALAPPLICATIONSPARK TYPELOWDRAWMEDDRAWHIGHDRAWMini Park, Neighborhood Parkand Passive ParkCOST: $$Regional Park, Community Park,Forest Preserve, Boulevard Systemand GreenwayMagnet Park and Citywide ParkSTREET TYPETREATMENT IMPACTLOWCAPACITYLocal Street, Internal Traffic Streetand Home ZoneHelps reduce motor vehicletravel speedsMEDCAPACITYAvenue StreetDecreases pedestrian crossingdistanceHIGHCAPACITYBoulevard StreetIncreases pedestrian visibilityIncreases bicyclist visibilityCreates a public space for socialactivity and playIncreases motorist yieldbehaviorIncreases separation betweenmotorists and pedestriansIncreases separation betweenmotorists and bicyclistsReduces cut-through motorvehicle trafficReduces motor vehicle trafficvolumesImproves bicyclist navigationAddresses ImpactSomewhat Addresses ImpactDoes Not Address ImpactA large tree canopy encloses the street spaceand keeps traffic moving slowlyLIMITEDACCESSFreeway, linear park, railroadadjacentINTERSECTION TYPESignalized IntersectionInterchange6-way SignalRoundabout or Traffic CircleStop/Yield ControlledUncontrolledMid-block CrosswalkADDITIONALRESOURCESChicago Pedestrian Master Plan DesignGuidelines (2012)Chicago Complete Streets Design Manual(DATE) *link*MAKE WAY FOR PLAY SAFE PARK ACCESS DESIGN TOOLKITTO STREETS MATRIXTO INTERSECTIONS MATRIX70

CHAPTER 6COLLABORATION, IMPLEMENTATIONAND EVALUATIONA coordinated effort between public agenciesand concerned stakeholders will make it easierto develop and implement strategies thateffectively target:»»Increasing active transportation.»»Reducing traffic hazards.»»Improving personal safety.This section provides ideas for increasingcollaboration on project and programdevelopment, prioritization and funding usingexisting city resources.COLLABORATIONDue to barriers to park access being bothstructural and perceptual in nature, and potentialsolutions being either infrastructure or programsbased, there are many stakeholders. Ongoingdiscussions among people concerned aboutpublic health, parks, land use, law enforcement,and transportation can elevate the importance ofconsidering physical activity as one measure ofproject quality.The Chicago Park District, the ChicagoDepartment of Transportation, and the ChicagoPublic Health Department should collaborativelyadopt a shared policy statement for the purposeof increasing physical activity through improvedaccess to parks. Such a partnership wouldsupport the organizational changes neededto implement the Guide for the long term,and provide the institutional framework thatcontinues as staff and organizational changesoccur. The partnership would benefit fromPOLICY BASED COLLABORATION RECOMMENDATIONSThe relationship between land use, transportation and health is complicated. Programs andprojects focused on increasing physical activity can benefit from collaboration.»»Collaboratively adopt a shared policy statement that formalizes a partnershipamongst multiple agencies for the purpose of encouraging physical activitythrough improved access to and maintenance of parks and public ways»»Create multi-department project development teams for parks projects inclose proximity to the public way and public works projects close to parks»»Enter into joint use agreements to increase children’s access tocommunity sites for indoor and outdoor recreation.»»Work with community members and other stakeholders to identify desirableprogramming and infrastructure improvements in local parks.»»Distribute information to the public about existing andplanned programming activities in City parks.»»Support research on how parks promote overall health and activity in the community.regular meetings of key staff members tofocus on relevant project identification,prioritization, delivery and evaluation.PROJECT IDENTIFICATIONProjects are typically created by CPD andCDOT through scheduled maintenance,plan implementation, public complaints,aldermanic priorities, and in response toidentified personal and traffic safety issues.A partnership with public health advocateswill help to identify proposals that impacthealth and improve quality of life by removingobstacles that get in the way of making activetransportation and recreation choices.PROJECT PRIORITIZATIONFuture project selection and funding criteria mayneed to be adjusted to include the City’s parkaccess and physical activity goals. One way todo this is to include the anticipated potentialpublic health benefits of each project. Existingprioritization methods are described below.MAKE WAY FOR PLAYCHAPTER 6: Collaboration, Implementation, and Evaluation

Children’s Safety Zones Model (CDOT)An example of a prioritization frameworkalready in use is CDOT’s methodology for theimplementation of enforcement and capitalprojects in Children’s Safety Zones. This prioritymodel uses total crashes, crash severity andyouth, bicycle or pedestrian involvement, andareas of the city with high youth populationsas evaluation factors. These factors allowthe City to select zones that have the mostpressing needs for enforcement and engineeringimprovements.CDOT ProjectsAll CDOT projects, from smaller retrofits andmaintenance activities to larger reconstructionprojects, can benefit from a quick review tosee if a project can be modified to encourageactive transportation. The parks typologies inthis guide are to be used in conjunction with thecomplete streets typologies, and relevant designstandards particular to each project location.The project budget may require the projectmanager to scale the improvements to theavailable funds. However, in simply identifyingthe opportunities for increased physical activitynear parks, the project charter can documentwhere additional improvements should beconsidered when more funding becomesavailable.Chicago Park DistrictThe Chicago Park District currently drawson framework plans to develop a phasingstrategy. Priorities are assigned based on easeof implementation (based on feasibility orcost), high public support, great value, andimprovments driven by ongoing/scheduledprojects. This guide is a resource for improvingboth infrastructure projects and special event orprograms that have already been prioritized bythe District.NEW PARK RECOMMENDATIONSThe acquisition of parks through the PlannedUnit Development Process is described in thePark District’s Guidelines. The District may wishto consider revision of the functional guidelinesrelated to size, roadway adjacency, and draw, asthey limit the potential for expanded recreationalspace.A context sensitive analysis of any PUD ordiscretionary land development review,regardless of size, should consider:»»Existing congestion and safety concerns.»»Surrounding existing and plannedbicycle waking and transit network.»»Analysis of opportunities for improvingpedestrian and bicyclist access adjacent toexisting parks.»»Potential to merge backyards in newdevelopments to create a shared commonspace for the benefit of PUD residents; and»»Identification of a dedicated source of fundingfor maintenance.The completion of Framework Plans shouldbe standard for new parks, and considered forall large and mid-draw parks as a fine way todocument and address challenges to pedestrian,bicycle and transit access citywide.PROJECTPRIORITIZATIONUSING HEALTHIMPACTASSESSMENTSPark proximity predicts bothphysical activity generally andthe likelihood of using activetransportation to get to parks.When resources permit, publichealth specialists should berecruited to evaluate the potentialhealth effects of proposedtransportation projects on anyroute to a park, as well as on allparks projects. This evaluationshould occur prior to project fundsbeing distributed. To inform thedecision-making process typicalhealth parameters, such as obesity,physical activity, asthma, injuries,and social equity can be assessed ina rapid Health Impact Assessment(HIA). The HIA methodology is alsouseful for informing policy makersabout the potential health benefitsof proposed projects relative totheir cost, regardless of location.CHAPTER 6: Collaboration, Implentation and Evaluation72

Amenity VarietyParks should be designed with support fromthe local community, to complement its culturalpreferences and to accommodate a range ofages and abilities so that all feel welcome andcan be simultaneously engaged in their preferredactivities. Features such as lighting, seating,restrooms, concessions, and play facilities needto be accessible and appealing for users from awide range of ages, backgrounds, interests, andabilities.Points of EntryThe park perimeter and adjacent sidewalksare gateways that serve as the initialimpression and starting point for theuser experience. Wherever possible, parkaccess points should be distributed equallythroughout the park. Figure 1 (below)illustrates a situation where park accessis inadequate for serving the adjacentneighborhood. Residents living in the a. partof the neighborhood can enter the park withgreater ease than those in location b.IMPLEMENTATIONParks and transportation compete for funding,and staff are often faced with high demand,high use, and maintenance needs that outpacethe supply of dedicated revenues. To reducecompetition and need for new projects, thepremise of the Make Way for Play Guide is to takeadvantage of funded and scheduled projectsas opportunities to improve access as much aspossible.FUNDINGThe Chicago Park District is an independenttaxing authority and collects local propertytaxes to pay for parks. A variety of other fundingsources are also tapped, such as at MillenniumPark which is funded through a public/privatepartnership. A range of funding options,including public, private and public/privatepartnerships should be explored to supportactivities in this Guide.RESOURCES FOR PUBLIC HEALTH,TRANSPORTATION AND PARKS FUNDINGParks foundations are a common resource forsecuring private funding for park redevelopment,creating park connectivity, land acquisition andcapital projects. For program and enforcementactivities, a variety of funding options areavailable, but most are the result of public/private partnerships. Transportation projects aretypically funded with public dollars. Public Healthefforts are sustained by state and federal grantsincluding those provided by the Prevention andPublic Health Fund and the CDC.FIGURE 1. Inadequate Park Entry AccessLocal resources that could be considered for themulti-agency projects suggested in this guideinclude bonds, sales taxes, utility/street tax,community foundation grants, general funds,MAKE WAY FOR PLAYCHAPTER 6: Collaboration, Implementation, and Evaluation

developer dedications and leverage of biggerprojects. State resources include bonds, salestax, lottery funds, license/registration fees, andstate transportation or parks funds. Federalsources include Federal Highway Administrationfunding, Community Transformation Grants,and Communities Putting Prevention to Work.Contributions from non-profit organizationsor private organizations can range from theoperation of sporting or other organizedactivities, to supporting corporate cleanup daysor other special events. Based on review ofother large cities, Table 1 shows how a varietyof funding streams could be tapped to supportthe additional costs of improving park access inChicago.PEER COMMUNITY FUNDING STRATEGIESMost cities use a variety of resources to fundcommunity priorities for parks developmentand safety. Though the focus of the MakeWay for Play Guide is on safe park access, thefunding strategies used in peer cities can serveas an example for how increased collaborationwithin the city can result in innovativefinancing and promotion of new projects andprograms. Cleveland OH – ParkWorks, a localnonprofit organization, focuses its philanthropicefforts on linking community and economicrevitalization with park rehabilitation, greenspace development, recreational opportunities,environmental education, citizen involvement,technical assistance and stewardship.»»Minneapolis MN – The Minneapolis Park andRecreation Board has a tax authority collectedthrough local property taxes to pay for parks.This dedicated revenue stream is mixed withlocal government aid and on-site revenuesources.»»New York City NY – The Bryant ParkRestoration Corporation is a private, notfor profit management company andbusiness improvement district formedto restore and manage Bryant Park soit continues to be attractive with safe,POLICY BASEDIMPLEMENTATIONRECOMMENDATIONS»»Use presence of parks nearby asa criterion for deciding where tofocus infrastructure maintenanceand expansion.»»Prioritize funding for bicycle,pedestrian and transit projectsand programs that increasephysical activity.»»Prioritize the creation andmaintenance of parks,greenways, and playgrounds thatare easily accessed by bicycling,walking, and transit.»»Look for opportunities to providesafe and attractive opportunitiesfor active lifestyles for allChicago residents.PROJECT TYPEFUNDING SOURCEMaintenance Programs EnforcementActivitiesParkInfrastructureSpecialEventsStreetInfrastructureNew ParkConstructionParks or other Charitable FoundationAdvocacy Organizations or ClubsBusiness Improvement DistrictsBusiness/Private Sponsorships (Health Care,Local Businesses)Tax Increments from Sales/Property/HotelTaxes or BondsFederal or State Improvement Plans orCompetitive GrantsTax Allocation or Community Based AssessmentAsset linked (such as parking or facility fees)Transportation DepartmentParks and/or Recreation DepartmentPublic Health DepartmentTABLE 1. Potential Funding Sources by Project TypeCHAPTER 6: Collaboration, Implentation and Evaluation74

clean well-lighted streets creating anattractive and welcoming environment.»»St. Louis MO – The Great Rivers GreenwayDistrict is funded by a sales tax in the Cityof St. Louis, St. Louis County and St. CharlesCounty. Generating $10 million annually,it is being used to develop the River Ring,connecting greenways, parks and trails, linkingparks, residential areas, nature reserves,commercial areas, civic amenities, culturalinstitutions, and historic sites.»»Mecklenburg County NC – A high levelof community support for an integratednetwork of greenways connecting communitydestinations, including parks, createdmotivation to fund parts of the networkthrough Parks and Recreation Bonds that,unfortunately, were never issued. Eventually,key trails were funded by the AmericanRecovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009.Parks can benefit from a variety of fundingsources needed to provide high quality staffing,maintenance, management and programming.Non-profit organizations can help fund parksprojects and many of the recommendationsprovided in the Make Way for Play Guide.FEDERAL FUNDINGOn June 29, 2012 a transportation bill (MAP-21)was passed that will lead to many changes tothe funding of bicycle, pedestrian and transitimprovements. SAFETEA-LU, the previouslegislation contained dedicated programsincluding — Transportation Enhancements,Safe Routes to School, and Recreational Trails— which were all commonly tapped sourcesof funding to make non-motorized capital andprogrammatic improvements related to thesurface transportation system nationwide. MAP-21 combines these and other programs into asingle source called ‘Transportation Alternatives.’It will take some time to fully understand allof the implications of MAP-21 while this newprogram is getting up and running. Relevantto the funding of programs and projectsrecommended by this guide are that theRecreational Trails Programs will continue, andthe Sarbanes Transit in Parks Program has beeneliminated.For current information about the federal fundinglandscape, see http://www.fhwa.dot.gov.EVALUATIONMonitoring and evaluating the success of thisguide in increasing physical activity couldbecome burdensome given limited financialand human resources. Therefore, this guiderecommends the use of performance measuresand evaluation tools that are already in place orunder consideration by the City and its partneragencies. For example, safety, mode share, andother evaluation measures are already describedin the Complete Streets Guide and the PedestrianPlan or Chicago Forward Agenda. The ChicagoPark District conducts patron surveys and couldadd a question about mode choice of patrons asa way of tracking changes over time. Park usagefigures and periodic visual inspection of bicycleparking utilization, bicycle and pedestrian countsat park entries, and intercept surveys can alsobe informative for determining the impact ofright of way and park facility improvements onmode choice. Additional evaluation measuresthat should be considered by the Department ofPublic Health are obesity and crime rates in closeproximity to parks.LOCAL FUNDINGSUCCESSThe wide range of amenitiesprovided in Millenium Park is theresult of a successful effort tofinance the $430 million projectwith City supported constructionbonds, tax increment financebonds, and private efforts.MAKE WAY FOR PLAYCHAPTER 6: Collaboration, Implementation, and Evaluation

ANNUAL REPORTIn order to assess the effectiveness of the MakeWay for Play Guide and other current initiativesto support bicycling and walking, it is importantto track accomplishments. An annual reportshould include relevant walking and cyclingmetrics and may also include information onuser satisfaction, public perception of safety andother qualitative data. This annual report shouldbe shared with funders, stakeholders, decisionmakers and the general public. Data to beconsidered for the annual report should include:»»Connectivity maps demonstrating gapsand barriers between physical activityinfrastructure and neighborhoodsdemonstrating poor health metrics.»»Mode share to park programs.»»Attitudinal survey of traffic and personal safetyconcerns.»»Crash maps displaying bicycle and pedestriancollisions near parks.»»Periodic walkability and bikeabilityassessments near parks.»»Number of workshops held by public healthprofessionals educating planners, engineers,and decision makers about the link betweensafe streets, active transportation, parks andhealth.POLICY BASEDEVALUATIONRECOMMENDATIONS»»Regularly evaluate trafficsafety, personal safety, andthe use of walking, bicycling,and transit access to parks»»Develop performanceevaluation and benchmarkingmetrics related to increasingphysical activity in thepublic way and in parks»»Adopt evaluation strategiesto measure the effect ofparks and public way changeson physical activity»»Incorporate bicycle, pedestrian,and transit service measuresin park access projects»»Consider using Health ImpactAssessments when prioritizingprojects for funding»»Number of transportation policies that improvesafety and promote active transportation.»»Funding allocated to park access projects andprograms.»»Number of open street events.»»Number of targeted enforcement patrols.»»Obesity and crime rates near parks andcitywide.Investment in local trails make sense fromboth a recreation and transportationperspectiveCHAPTER 6: Collaboration, Implentation and Evaluation76

APPENDIX APUBLICINVOLVEMENTIDENTIFYING CHALLENGES ANDSHARING SOLUTIONSLocal stakeholders and the public were criticalto shaping the Make Way for Play Guide. Theyilluminated many of the challenges aroundaccess to play and physical activity, sharedinformation about efforts already underway,and provided suggestions for other strategies.Input was solicited in the following ways:NOVEMBER 3, 2011 WALKABILITY MEETINGThe Healthy Places campaign invited theMake Way for Play team to a “WalkabilityBooster Training.” Attendees wererepresentatives of local groups responsible fororganizing residents to conduct walkabilityassessments around parks and schools intheir neighborhoods. Discussions about streetdesign, driver behavior and personal safetyhelped direct the initial stages of problemidentification in the Make Way for Play project.JANUARY 31, 2012 STAKEHOLDER MEETINGRepresentatives from a variety of publicagencies, civic organizations and user groupsmet to learn about the project and shareexpertise They were also asked to assist withreaching out to their constituencies to increasethe range of public input.ONLINE PUBLIC INPUT TOOLSThe project website, makewayforplay.net,featured an interactive mapping tool whichallowed visitors to note physical and non-physicalbarriers to local parks. There was also a surveywhich asked about travel to park habits, accessto play concerns, and interest in public spaceprogramming.STAKEHOLDER INTERVIEWSThese were conducted in-person and overthe phone with key stakeholders throughoutApril and May, 2012. Twenty five people wereinterviewed, representing 18 different City ofChicago departments, public agencies and nonprofitorganizations.JUNE 12, 2012 PUBLIC AND STAKEHOLDERMEETINGParticipants from earlier meetings and membersof the general public met to provide feedback onthe Guide’s progress and offer additional contentsuggestions.MAJOR THEMESstrong support for events that use the publicwayt0 promote active living»»Active recreation events can improvethe health of Chicagoans.»»Projects and programs should range in scalefrom neighborhood efforts such as PlayStreets to a large scale cicvolvia that linksmultiple communities and downtown.»»It should be easier to address the financial andlogistical challenges associated with stagingevents and programs in the public way.»»Temporary and permanent street closurescan facilitate play and exercise.»»Local streets should allow for the kindof informal play, such as playing catch,that previous generations enjoyed.STAKEHOLDERINTERVIEWSThe project team interviewed thefollowing stakeholder groups:»»Active Transportation Alliance»»Chicago Dept. of Public Health»»Chicago Dept. of Transportation»»Chicago Park District»»Chicago Police Department»»Chicago Public Schools»»Community AlternativePolicing (C.A.P.S.)»»Consortium to Lower Obesityin Chicago Children»»CTA, Metra»»Dept. of Housing and EconomicDevelopment»»Friends of the Parks»»Logan Square NeighborhoodAssociation»»Mayor’s Office for Peoplewith Disabilities»»Older Women’s LeagueMAKE WAY FOR PLAYAPPENDIX A: Public Involvement

CHAPTER: chapter titleMaking our parks and streets saferfor all roadway users

High visibility crossings and accessiblecurb ramps help make way for playMAKE WAY FOR PLAYCHAPTER 6: Collaboration, Implementation, and Evaluation

IMPROVEMENTS ARE NEEDED TO MAKE ITEASIER TO WALK, BIKE, AND TAKE TRAN-SIT TO PARKS»»Walking and cycling challenges alongpopular routes to parks are as significantas those at or near park entrances.»»Sometimes the shortest, most efficient routesto parks are along major roadways which aredifficult to cross and walk or bike along.»»More flexible policies and practices are neededat the state level to address local concernsrelated to state routes and park access.»»Street design should prioritize the needsof the most vulnerable users while still accommodatingthose who are driving.»»Ultimately, increasing the amount of parkspace, as well as programming in publicspaces, will reduce the travel distance to playopportunities, thereby increasing access.PERSONAL SAFETY CONCERNS»»Concerns about speeding and street crossingsdiscourage walking and biking to parks.»»Parents are reluctant to let their childrentravel to parks or play outside, especiallyin areas with gang activity.»»Parks are sometimes contested gang territories.»»Foreclosures and vacant businesses lead to“fewer eyes on the street” and poor landscapingmaintenance which can make walkingand biking unpleasant and/or intimidating.children, but they are no less important.»»With the aging of our population, servicesand facilities are needed morethan ever to help seniors stay activeand involved in their communities.»»Social equity needs to be addressed, so thatresidents from all neighborhoods, income levelsand cultural backgrounds have access to play.»»In addition to streets and sidewalks,public events need to be accessiblefor people with disabilities.»»Events and play areas should allowfor people with a diversity of abilitiesto play and be active together.WE HAVE STRENGTHS TO BUILD ONWalking, often combined with transit, is alreadya common way to get around in Chicago,and cycling is growing in popularity, in largepart due to recent and planned infrastructureimprovements. Make Way for Play surveyrespondents indicated that walking is theirpreferred mode of travel when visiting theirfavorite park, and many choose bicycling aswell. Proximity and ease of access are theprimary determining factors in park usage,suggesting that minimizing barriers to accessand pedestrian/bike connectivity is a keyto enhancing park use and physical activity.Many comments also praised the availabilityof amenities in Chicago Parks, and expressedenthusiasm for additional programming activitiesin public spaces.The project website allowed for two waycommunication between staff and the public»»Insert picture of skatepark at WesternPARK “ACCESS” SHOULD ENCOMPASSTRAVELERS OF ALL AGES, AND ABILITIES,AND IN ALL CHICAGO COMMUNITIES»»Teens and young adults are too often discouragedfrom using public space due toworries about inappropriate behavior; theirplay needs may be different than youngerThe skate park at Western wasidentified as an asset80

APPENDIX BADDITIONALPOLICIESThe Chicago Department of Transportationand Chicago Park District already have inplace, or under development, many policiesthat support active living. This section is aplaceholder for additional information aboutrelated policy documents, if desired as anappendix.MAKE WAY FOR PLAYAPPENDIX B: Additional Policies

APPENDIX CPROGRAMMINGEFFORTSSTRATEGIES FOR USING SPACECREATIVELYPLAY STREETS AND BLOCK PARTIESPlay Streets and block parties are eventswhere a city temporarily closes one or moreblocks to create a space for active recreationand socializing. These events increaseopportunities for structured and unstructuredplay, especially in neighborhoods that areunderserved by parks and communitycenters. They are sometimes combined withexisting parks that may not provide enoughrecreational space to meet demand. Whileopen to people of all ages, Play Streets areparticularly useful for children, who often havelimited ability to travel to local parks. The Cityof Chicago Municipal Code grants the powerof designating Play Streets in “neighborhoodswhere recreation space and playgroundfacilities are not otherwise available, and suchstreets or parts of streets on which vehiculartraffic is light.”Find out moreThe City of Chicago’s Departmentof Public Health initiated a PlayStreets pilot project in 2012.Neighborhood residents ororganizations can seek a permitto host an event on a street withintheir ward. The alderman’s officehelps with the free permit request,which should note that the eventwill be a Play Street.OPEN STREETSOpen streets events (also known as SummerStreets, Sunday Parkways, and Ciclovias)temporarily close long stretches of streetsto automobile traffic and open them forcycling, walking, skateboarding, running andplaying. Taking inspiration from the Cicloviasthat began in Bogotá, Colombia in the 1970s,these events encourage health and wellnessfor participants of all ages. Open Streets canalso be tourist attractions, providing a fun,active way to explore a city’s neighborhoods.Non-profits and businesses often contributefinancial and logistical support. Consistenttiming, such as every Saturday morning, or thethird Sunday of the month, also contributes toevent success. As of mid-2012, there were over80 active Open Streets projects throughoutNorth America.Find out moreThe City and the ActiveTransportation Alliance activelywork together to host Open Streetsevents. The annual events connectingneighborhoods to the city centercould generate the same level ofenthusiasm as Bogota’s ciclovia,which covers 70 miles, hosting 20percent of its population everySunday from 7am-2pm. Activitiessuch as outdoor yoga and aerobicsclasses line the routes, providingeven more incentives for residentsand visitors to come out and play.Visit http://cloud.tpl.org/pubs/ccpehealth-promoting-parks-rpt.pdftodownload a report from The Trust forPublic Land featuring a case studyfrom Portland’s Sunday Parkways.WHEEL-FRIENDLY SPACESPeople-powered wheels come in manyforms that are different from traditionalbicycles. Skateboards, BMX bikes, scooters,Chicago’s OPEN STREETS EVENTS inviteactive uses of downtown streets.Photo: Grid ChicagoMAKE WAY FOR PLAYAPPENDIX C: Programming Efforts

and rollerblades are also used for activetransportation and recreation. Skateboardingis particularly popular amongst teens andyoung adults. These groups are oftenunderserved in terms of recreational activitiesand discouraged from using public spacesto congregate. Cities such as Columbia, OH,Portland, OR and Grand Haven, MI allowskateboarders to use streets for travel, butconflicts can arise when skaters use plazas,sidewalks and parking lots for tricks andsocializing. At the same time, their presencecan lend a sense of security, especially at night,by adding “eyes to the street.” In addition tobuilding ramped parks for people on wheels,cities are exploring strategies to accommodatewheeled recreation, such as designating“Skate Spots,” where infrastructure and streetfurniture are fortified to withstand wheeledtricks. Rotating mobile ramps to differentneighborhoods allows skating in plazas andreduces the potential for pedestrian conflicts.Find out moreThe Chicago Park District hasfive heavily used skate parks.Mobile skateboarding featureshave also been used as part ofstreet closures, such as OpenStreets on State. It is already legalto skateboard on roadways fortransportation in Chicago; the citymight consider adding skate spotsin areas not served by skate parksand new skate parks.have begun to see vacant lots as potentialcommunity resources, including pocketparks, playgrounds, and community gardens.Improvements not only enhance the spaceitself; they make the surrounding area moreinviting, which can be especially importanton routes to parks and schools. Vacantlot greening is primarily a nonprofit orcommunity-led effort to revitalize privateFind out moreNeighborspace is a non-profit inChicago that helps communitygardeners take ownership ofvacant lots, if they are willing towork with the alderman’s officeand a Community OrganizationalPartner and commit to tending theland long term. Neighborspacehelps secure property ownershipand provides basic liabilityinsurance. The community gardenmodel could be modified tocreate long term temporary playareas in lots that are awaitingredevelopment. This type ofprogram would send the messagethat the space is cared for,land and make it accessible for all as a publicamenity. City agencies can support vacantlot greening in many ways, including throughtechnical, legal, and permitting assistance.CREATIVE ALLEY REUSEMAKE WAY FORPEOPLEChicago’s Make Way for Peopleproject “supports innovation in thepublic way by opening Chicago’sstreets, parking spots, plazas andalleys to new programming andmarket opportunities via public andprivate partnerships.”The four major focus areas:»»People Spots: Platforms in parkinglanes adjacent to sidewalks»»People Streets: Public spaces in“excess” asphalt areas»»People Plazas: Opportunities inexisting CDOT malls, plazas, andtriangles»»People Alleys: TemporaryVACANT LOT GREENINGVacant lots are often seen as a negativepresence in the community, attractingvandalism and crime and potentiallylowering property values. Some groupsAlleyways have long been off-limits as partof the streetscape, due to perceptions ofuncleanliness and personal safety. Underlitand rarely cleaned, these perceptions mayhave been accurate. The cities of Chicago andVisualization of a “People Spot,” one offour major focus areas of the Make Wayfor People Initiative.84

Find out moreChicago’s Green Alley programis focusing on an environmentaloverhaul of the alley system,looking at efforts such aspermeable concrete andbioswales to help with stormwaterremediation. The upgrades alsoenhance the alley’s appearance,and potentially act as trafficcalming (for example, texturedpermeable surfaces can slowtraffic speeds). Visit http://www.cityofchicago.org/dam/city/depts/cdot/Green_Alley_Handbook_2010.pdfFind out moreThe Albany home zone was an aldermanicproject completed in 2010 with assistancefrom the neighborhood and the ActiveTransportation Alliance. Recent researchon 14 Home Zones in the UK, conductedby Biddulph (2010), quantified some ofthe benefits of Home Zones. The studycompared before and after observationsand residents’ thoughts and found thatmotor vehicle speeds reduced, perceivedsafety increased, and street attractivenessincreased.ENCOURAGING ACTIVETRANSPORTATION IN CHICAGOThe ALBANY HOME ZONE creates apeople-friendly street in Chicago’s LoganSquare Neighborhood.Photo: Albanyhomezone.orgHOME ZONESHome Zones aim to improve safety, comfort,and livability on lightly traveled residentialstreets. This is accomplished throughintegration rather than segregation of users.By eschewing many of the traditional roadwaytreatments such as curbs, signs, and pavementmarkings, the distinction between modes isblurred. This introduces a level of “uncertainty”amongst street users that heightens theirsense of awareness and requires cautionand interaction with one another, while alsoslowing traffic. These factors help to createan environment that is more comfortable,particularly for vulnerable road users whobenefit from slower motor vehicle travelspeeds and more attentive motorists.These programs illustrate how public agencies,elected officials and community membersencourage active transportation in Chicago.Additional projects from other communitiesthat might be suitable for Chicago follow.AFTER SCHOOL MATTERSThis Chicago non-profit rovides learningexperiences for teenagers in variousfields, including an apprentice programin bicycle repair and safety. See: www.afterschoolmatters.orgBICYCLING AND SAFE ROUTESAMBASSADORSThe City of Chicago Bicycle AmbassadorsProgram is an education and encouragementprogram that also includes enforcement.The seasonal program seeks to help allroad users better share the roads and offstreettrails. These CDOT based initiativesuse ambassadors to educate bicyclists andMayor Daley’s Bicycling Ambassadorsdemonstrate proper bicycle lockingtechnique for youth in a Chicago park.Photo: Mayor Daley’s Bicycle AmbassadorsMAKE WAY FOR PLAYAPPENDIX C: Programming Efforts

motorists about safe and responsible roaduse via classroom visits, community eventsand high use and/or conflict areas. TheBicycling Ambassadors program functionsas a professional development opportunityfor teens and young adults. The Safe RoutesAmbassadors also address pedestrian safetyand build on children’s natural enthusiasm foractive transportation, in the hope that thesehabits will carry on into adulthood, as well asencourage their parents to incorporate morewalking and cycling into their lifestyles. See:www.bicyclingambassadors.org and http://saferoutesambassadors.org/B-BALL ON THE BLOCKB-Ball on the Block brings people out of theirhomes and into the streets to enjoy food andhealthy activities together. Each week of thesummer, a different block in Little Village orNorth Lawndale is closed off to traffic to makeway for basketball courts, a dee-jay booth,grills, arts & crafts tables, and many otheractivities. See: http://www.beyondtheball.org/programs_bbal.htmlBIKE CHICAGOOver the last ten years, this City led initiativehas grown from an annual Bike to Work DayRally to an effort to promote bicycling yearround. Bike Chicago markets at special eventsand supports premier events, such as Bike theDrive, organized by local non-profits and otherorganizations. These events are usually fundedthrough public-private partnerships. See: http://www.explorechicago.org/city/en/supporting_narrative/events___special_events/special_events/mose/bike_chicago.htmlCHICAGO SHOVELSSnow accumulation can be an impedimentto pedestrians, especially those with mobilitydisabilities. Chicago Shovels is a “tool tohelp connect the public with City winterresources and empower neighbors to cometogether to help Chicago navigate winter.”Many businesses and homeowners are notaware that keeping the sidewalks frontingtheir property clear of snow is a requirement.This City led effort helps educate propertyowners of their responsibilities, keeps thesidewalk network available in the winter,and encourages residents to help neighborswho might have physical impairments thatkeep them from shoveling. See: http://www.cityofchicago.org/city/en/depts/mayor/snowportal/chicagoshovels.htmlCHICAGO’S BIKE 2015 PLANThe plan calls for focused efforts on achievingmode shifts for different types of trips, suchas biking for errands and biking to school.Strategies include educating city staff from avariety of departments about implementingthe plan, producing and distributing bicycleeducation and promotion materials, andstaging events. Through projects like BikeChicago, the City is making progress towardsthese goals. One of the planned initiatives isa Bike to the Park campaign to encouragebicycling to Chicago’s parks and park events.GIRLS ON THE RUNThis 12-week program coaches elementaryschool girls for completion of a 5K run, whilealso helping them build confidence anddevelop healthy habits. Any school may applyto host the program, which relies on volunteercoaches. While the program is offered inschools serving all income levels, it strives toreach as many lower income girls as possible,in recognition that they often have feweroptions to engage in athletics. Running is arelatively inexpensive and accessible form ofphysical activity.“IT’S UP TO YOU”PEDESTRIAN SAFETYCAMPAIGNThis program was conducted forthe year 2012 and is a city-widepedestrian safety campaign ledby CDOT urging both drivers andpedestrians to pay attention onChicago’s roads to improve safety.Campaign components includestrong messages on street furnitureand 32 mannequins that are movedaround the city to representpedestrian fatalities in the previousyear. See: http://chicagopedsafety.org/aboutcampaignEach mannequin’s shirt reads: “One of 32pedestrians killed last year in Chicago.86 01

INDIVIDUALIZED MARKETINGThe City will soon be undertaking anindividualized marketing campaign,providing customized travel informationpackets for residents of target areas withthe goal of achieving mode shifts to walking,bicycling and transit. In addition to thecustomized information packet, the programwill also host numerous encouragementactivities such as group walks, guidedbicycle rides, classes and workshops. Trainedstaff will appear at community or employerevents to answer questions about walking,bicycling and transit use. The program couldfeature parks based events or parks accessinformation.BIKING WITH KIDS AND CARGOTravelling with children and/or cargo isoften cited as a barrier to cycling. The SanFrancisco Bicycle Coalition has published aFamily Biking Guide in English, Spanish andChinese for free download at: www.sfbike.org/?familybiking. In Chicago, grassrootsefforts such as Kidical Mass and the CargoBike Roll Call help inspire and educatepeople to use bicycles to carry loads — fromkids, to groceries, to kitchen cabinets.Chicago’s Kidical Mass hosts free Saturdaymorning monthly bike rides in threecommunities to date (Lincoln Square, LoganSquare and Hyde Park). These communitybuilding events develop skills for youngriders and raise awareness about the diverseways families can bicycle with children. TheCargo Bike Roll Call is a periodic event,usually involving a street closure, to allowtest rides of cargo bikes, trailers, tandems,etc. See: chicagokidicalmass.org/ andcargobikerollcall.tumblr.com/NO CHILD LEFT INSIDEThis national campaign encouragesorganizations and individuals to prioritizegiving children ample time to be outdoors.The Chicago Wilderness Society is aresource that offers tips and programsand highlights other local efforts. Forexample, in honor of the 25th anniversaryof the Indiana Dunes National Lakeshoredesignation, Chicago Wilderness andother organizations sponsored eventsto “familiarize the residents of Gary andbeyond with the services and resourcesavailable at the Center, while makingeveryone more comfortable with outdoorplay and exploration.” The City of Chicagocould support future events at City parks.The Parent and Child Together in theWild program, based at the Chicago ParkDistrict’s North Park Village Nature Center,offers opportunities for families to explorethe outdoors together. Parent and ChildTogether in the Wild shows that specializedknowledge is not required to go outsidewith children.PARK DISTRICT CAMPS AND CLASSESThe Chicago Park District organizes anarray of affordable programs related tophysical activity. A side benefit of theprogramming is that it draws people tothe parks, which can help create an overallatmosphere of security. The volunteerPark Advisory Councils are instrumental inserving as liaisons between the Park Districtand a park’s surrounding community.They serve as a resource for programmingactivities such as:»»Year-round Nutrition and Fitness Programmingat six Park District field houses»»Winter Events»»Summer Camps»»Senior ProgrammingSHARE THE ROADShare the Road is an outreach programfocused on reducing conflicts betweenpeople on bikes and people in motorvehicles. Aldermen in multiple wards partnerwith local police commanders and the Cityof Chicago’s Bicycling Ambassadors todistribute information about the rights andresponsibilities of bicyclists and drivers. Thiseffort creates a “collective awareness” ofappropriate behavior and encourages selfpolicing.SHARE THE SHOREThis campaign educates lakefront trail usersabout trail etiquette and stewardship. It isa collaborative effort between the ChicagoArea Runners Association, the ActiveTransportation Alliance and Friends of theParks—each a representative of a key usergroup that often finds itself in conflict whensharing a heavily used facility. See: www.fotp.org/news/friends-of-the-lakefront-traillaunch-share-the-shore-initiativeWEST TOWN BIKESIn addition to being one of the After SchoolMatters service providers, this nonprofitbased in Humboldt Park offers workshopsand space for bicycle repair for riders of allages. Projects, such as Girls Bike Club, buildskills and confidence of low income youth.And when they ride home from the shop,they demonstrate to their peers that cyclingcan be a great tool for independence. See:http://westtownbikes.org/MAKE WAY FOR PLAYAPPENDIX C: Programming Efforts

Other youth oriented bicycle programproviders throughout Chicago include:Blackstone Bicycle Works (south side),Recyclery (north side), and Albany Park Bikes.WINTER PROGRAMMINGThe Winter Cities initiative celebrates thewinter season by encouraging activities such ascross-country skiing, sledding, and ice skatingin the public way. In addition to improvingoverall livability, northern cities that usethese principles hope to increase tourism bybranding themselves as a fun, lively, and festiveplace to visit in the winter season. The ChicagoPark District provides winter programmingthrough its three “Polar Adventure Days,” aone day “Winter Fest,” ice skating rinks, andclasses conducted in field houses throughoutthe city. The Chicago Park District also makesan effort to clear trails after snow storms.These efforts provide a solid base from whichto further promote and facilitate physicalactivities in the winter.OTHER EDUCATION ANDOUTREACH IDEASThe section below highlights some activetransportation programming activities that arenot currently available in the City of Chicago,though they would be beneficial.BIKE RODEOSA Bike Rodeo offers children a series of activitystations where they can practice bicycleriding skills, including using hand signals,riding in a straight line, stopping, and lookingover their shoulder while bicycling. Bicyclelaws and responsibilities are also covered,including sign recognition, intersection rightof-waylaws, and helmet laws. Bike rodeosare often taught by fire departments, policedepartments, or bicycle clubs/organizations.Bicycle helmets can be offered at cost orfor free at these events. They can be hostedat schools, through parks and recreationprograms, or as part of community festivalsand events. See: http://www.bike.cornell.edu/pdfs/Bike_Rodeo_404.2.pdf and http://www.cyberdriveillinois.com/publications/pdf_publications/dsd_a97.pdf for bike rodeoguides.BICYCLE SKILLS COURSESSome parks agencies, including the ChicagoPark District, have begun installing permanentbicycle skills courses in parks. Bicycle skillscourses include:»»Pump Tracks – Continuous dirt loops builtwith rolling hills and banked turns, enablingbicyclists to “pump” instead of pedal.»»Cyclocross Tracks – Mixed-terrain courses, suchas “The Garden” in Clark Park near Addisonand Rockwell feature pavement, dirt and/orgrass trails, steep slopes, and obstacles thatrequire bicyclists to dismount or jump over.»»Mountain Bike Skills Parks – Multi-elementareas that may include pumptracks, dirt jumps, slalom courses, muddytrails, narrow boardwalks, and “NorthShore” or “Freestyle” riding areas.Modular skills courses can offer these benefitsas a temporary, movable installation thatcan be taken to street fairs, open streetsevents, and parks. Typically funded andconstructed through volunteer efforts, skillscourses provide recreational opportunitiesfor bicyclists of all skill levels. Courses canbe designed to work for both children andadults, outdoors or indoors. See: http://www.cyberdriveillinois.com/publications/pdf_publications/dsd_a97.pdfMODULARPLAYGROUNDSImagination Playground is aportable, modular playground thatcan be installed in any open space.Children are invited to fashiontheir own play environments witha variety of connectable, modularfoam blocks. The blocks lead tounstructured, child-directed playthat fosters cooperative socialinteraction between the childrenusing the structure. Modularplaygrounds can be installed inparks, recreation centers, streetfestivals, open streets events,and other public spaces, and canbe moved around frequently ifdesired to offer more children theopportunity to enjoy this type ofactive recreation experience. NewYork City piloted a playgroundand as of 2012, nine more wereinstalled, covering every borough.A MODULAR PLAYGROUND at a ChicagoOpen Streets event.Photo: Grid Chicago88

DIVERSE RECREATION OFFERINGS INDIVERSE COMMUNITIESIn diverse communities, a standard recreationoffering may not be attractive to all communitymembers. By offering a creative selection ofrecreation opportunities, programming willserve a wide range, from Senior Swimming toDog Walking. Parks department programmingcan also benefit from staff and activitiesrepresenting different cultural backgrounds,reflective of the local community.Programming must be accompanied byeffective multi-cultural public outreach.FITNESS ZONESGyms can be moved outside to make machineor apparatus based exercises available to all,at no cost. Tax based initiatives and grantscan create Fitness Zones in parks to promotegeneral and cardiovascular health, increasedstrength, flexibility and weight loss. Theequipment can range from simple chin up barsto mechanical weather resistant equipment,and can be found through discovery along awalking path, or concentrated in specific areas.See: http://cloud.tpl.org/pubs/ccpe-healthpromoting-parks-rpt.pdfFREE ZONE NEW YORK (JUMPING ZONES)The Free Zone project, an art installation byDanish artists Rhone Bosch and Rune Fjord,encourages people to view the city througha new lens by inviting them to engage in“untraditional and humorous” behavior such asjumping in the “jump zone.” The project mimicsthe graphic style and shape of city street signs,but instead of conveying traditional messagessuch as “Yield” or “Pedestrian Crossing,” thereinterpreted signs illustrate persons doingjumping jacks or doing exercises with shoppingbags—encouraging individuals to activelyengage with their environment. The idea is tospark a discussion about health, transportation,and public space. See: http://www.rosanbosch.com/en/project/free-zone-new-yorkKABOOMKaboom is a national non-profit dedicatedto sharing the knowledge and tools neededfor anyone to find, improve, and/or buildplaygrounds on their own. Kaboom is workingto build a broad movement driven by research,analysis, policy, and community engagement.See: http://kaboom.org/TEACHING PLAYThere is growing concern that the currentgeneration of children lack basic skills in play,unless it is directed by adults. Playworks isa national non-profit that trains volunteersand school staff to show children how tomake recess a positive physical and socialexperience. In England, children can learn from‘Super Rangers’ who are skilled in specificoutdoor activities. For example, Tree Man isa 6’ 3” tree climbing expert who can scale 50meter-high trees and Den-Boy is an outdoorhideaway-building champion. This approachcould be adapted to urban parks and otherpublic spaces. See: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/earthnews/9201083/National-Trust-Super-Rangers-to-teachchildren-50-things-to-do-outdoors.html and www.playworks.org/make-recess-count/play/chicagoURBAN GYM, LONDONIn London, streets, stairs and street furnitureprovide the setting for outdoor circuit trainingled by qualified instructors. Participantsrun a winding route that avoids mainstreets, stopping periodically formore static exercises, such as dips onbenches and pull ups on railings. Theydiscover new places while using theurban landscape as a gym. The Londoninitiative is a commercial venture led byRat Race Urban Gym, but the model islikely adaptable to other settings andimplementation structures. Variations onthis concept include “boot camp” fitnessprograms and other training regimes thatuse public ways. London Urban Gym:http://www.ratrace.com/training.aspxURBAN SCAVENGER HUNTSSeveral agencies in Europe (includingBarcelona and the Styrian region ofAustria) have created scavenger huntsaimed at teenagers, with the goalof promoting transit use and activetransportation. Participating teamssign up and receive a welcome packetthat includes transit tickets as well asdiscounted or free entry tickets to popularyouth destinations. Teams then have tosolve puzzles and complete missions toearn prizes and points, and to unlock thesubsequent missions. These extremelypopular one-day events attract thousandsof teenagers each year.AGE FRIENDLY PARKSEfforts are underway in Philadelphia tomake parks more welcoming to seniors.A checklist has been developed to assessand improve parks with age-friendlyamenities such as shade, railings, nonslippavement, and targeted programming. Tostart, Philadelphia’s Parks and RecreationDepartment is prioritizing improvementsnear senior centers. See: pcacares.org/pca_learn_Agefriendly_parks.aspxMAKE WAY FOR PLAYAPPENDIX C: Programming Efforts

APPENDIX DENFORCEMENTSTRATEGIESTRAFFIC SAFETY STRATEGIESHIGH VISIBILITY ENFORCEMENTHigh Visibility Enforcement (HVE) combinestargeted enforcement efforts with publicoutreach through earned and paid media. ANHTSA funded study looked at the impactof a HVE campaign on distracted driving,which included targeted enforcement and acampaign tagline of “Phone in one hand, ticketin the other.” Rates of observed violationsof driving while using a phone were lowerafter the campaign, while overall awarenessof the regulations and risks associated withdistracted driving increased. High VisibilityEnforcement campaigns can be developed incooperation with other public agencies, themedia and community organizations. See:www.distraction.gov/content/dot-action/enforcement.htmlDIVERSION CLASSA diversion class can be offered to first-timeoffenders of certain walking-related or bicyclerelatedtraffic violations, such as running a redlight on a bike. It can be aimed at pedestrians,bicyclists, and/or motorists. In lieu of a citationand/or fine, individuals can take a one-time,free or inexpensive class instead. In MarinCounty (CA), interested citizens can take theclass even if they did not receive a ticket.This program is a good way to educate roadusers about walking and bicycle rights andresponsibilities, and can also increase publicacceptance of enforcement actions againstpedestrians and bicyclists.TRAFFIC GARDENSVacant lots, excess right of way or park spacecan be used to create a permanent location forteaching children the rules and responsibilitiesof all roadway users. A creative installationof representative traffic control devices isconstructed at child scale to educate youth,starting at the elementary school level. InUtrecht, the Netherlands a mini-streetscapeprovides the venue for children to drive pedalpowered vehicles. This program has beenoperated, since the 1950s, by the Utrechtpolice department on City property. See:http://bikeportland.org/2009/08/20/utrechtstraffic-garden-helps-kids-become-responsibleroad-users-22600.PARK POOLINGWalking or bicycling to school as a groupis an effective method for addressingsafety concerns about the journey toschool. Transforming the concept of walkingschool buses and bike trains to active travelfor children and adults to parks can be donerelatively simply, either informally, withneighbors, or formally as an amenity offeredwith Parks programming activities.INTERAGENCY COLLABORATION ANDOUTREACH/EDUCATIONCDOT, with funding support from the Illinois DOTDivision of Traffic Safety, has developed a seriesof videos for use by the general public. Topicsrange from traffic laws affecting bicyclists (usedas a training video for Chicago Police Officers)to why it is unwise and illegal to ride a bicycle oncity sidewalks. Topics also include, why and howto light your bike and how best to share the roadwith bus traffic.A High Visibility Enforcement (HVE)campaign would bolster existing crosswalkenforcement actions.MAKE WAY FOR PLAYAPPENDIX D: Enforcement Strategies

PERSONAL SAFETY STRATEGIESOUTREACHIn addition to enforcing safety laws, lawenforcement personnel on streets and inparks are highly visible community memberswho educate as part of their job duties. Thiscan be accomplished either through example(officers walking and bicycling beats) orthrough more formalized programs in localschools.SAFE PASSAGES PROGRAMMINGThe Chicago Public School system offerseducational materials geared at ensuringsafe travel to and from school. This effortcould be expanded to increase safetybetween schools, parks and residential areasby organizing volunteers and staff to monitorwalkways and bikeways at designated times.See: www.cps.edu/Programs/Wellness_and_transportation/SafetyandSecurity/SafePassage/Pages/Safepassage.aspxPROBLEM ORIENTED POLICINGWhen a park reaches a “tipping point”of neglect and criminal activity, problemoriented policing has been effective at“taking back the park” for the enjoymentof law abiding visitors when traditionalpatrolling has failed. Problem orientedpolicing seeks to involve multiplestakeholders to tackle informal surveillance,and address design and maintenanceissues that may invite criminal activity. Thisapproach has been used successfully inGill Park in the late 1990s as well as manycommunities outside of Chicago. See: http://www.popcenter.org/responses/urban_parks/Park WATCHA park watch program enlists neighborsand users to watch over park property,increasing the eyes on the park. Localresidents often play a key role in deterringpark crime by acting as official or unofficialpark guardians. By helping keep the parkclean, they demonstrate that the park iscared for. By being the “eyes and ears”of the park, they can develop a workingrelationship with the police to reportproblems. Chicago’s Park Advisory Councilshelp play this role in the community.In some communities, volunteers regularlystroll or bike through the park wearingdistinguishing apparel and being on thewatch for suspicious or illegal activity. Aspecial telephone number is sometimesprovided to report criminal activity ormaintenance problems needing attention.Signs may also be posted indicating thatthe park is protected by Park Watch.However, as with all volunteer watchprograms, generating and maintaininginterest is a challenge. Moreover, in someareas, parks may have been taken over bydrug dealers and gangs that pose legitimatesafety threats. Volunteers should not handlethese situations. See: http://www.pps.org/la-combats-gang-violence-with-positiveuses/SummER LIGHTSSummer Lights is an effective parksprogram reducing gang violence introubled neighborhoods in Los Angeles.Extended night time hours and sponsorshipof night time activities has helped reducecrime and increase physical activity.Engagement with community stakeholders,which includes at risk youth, to assist instaffing events and creating neighborhoodawareness increases success by instillingcommunity placemaking.CRIME PREVENTION THROUGHENVIRONMENTAL DESIGNCrime Prevention through EnvironmentalDesign (CPTED) is a holistic way of thinkingabout protecting public spaces throughdesign; the goal is to prevent criminalactivity, before having to react to it. Themain principles to CPTED that are related topark use are:»»Natural Surveillance. Keeping the environmentmaintained so that peoplecan easily see and be seen by other users,staff, and anyone who may passby the park, trail or playground.»»Natural Access Control. Natural accessingress and egress should be controlledby some means, such as a fenceor a flower bed. In other cases, a hedgeor a path could work. The importantthing is that something should signal“walk here” and “do not walk” there.»»Territoriality: Territorial reinforcementis used to distinguish public and privatespaces. This can be done by a number ofmeans, including signage, flower beds andmowing. The idea is to show that someoneowns and cares about the space. A spacethat is not used for legitimate park entertainmentcan quickly be used for someillegitimate, illegal or unwanted activity.»»Maintenance: Parks should only build whatthey can maintain. Without maintenance,a public area is inviting criminal behavior.From: http://www.americantrails.org/resources/safety/designcrime.html92

APPENDIX EFINDING THE WAYTO PARKSChicago public agencies that handle parks andtransportation (including but not limited to theChicago Park District, Chicago Departmentof Transportation, and transit providers) havethe opportunity to work together to ensurethat parks – particularly high-draw parks – andactive transportation facilities are highlightedwithin existing signage programs. This mayinclude:»»Coordinating to ensure that regional (highdraw)parks continue to be included aspriority destinations in bikeway signs.»»Working on any future neighborhoodgreenway signage plan, to ensure thatall parks are featured prominently.»»Expanding the bikeway signage programto ensure that parks are featured onsigns, and increase the number of signsthat are installed throughout the city.»»Including bikeway information inCTA Neighborhood Area Maps.»»Collaborating with Metra and CTA on creatingsigns, sidewalk pavement markings,or pavement inlaid symbols that directrail station users to the nearest park.PROMOTE ACTIVE TRANSPORTATION ANDRECREATION IN PARKS THROUGH MAR-KETING MATERIALSChicago Park District staff should take advantageof opportunities to systematically review agencysigns, maps, brochures, and websites for parksand add information about active transportation.This may include adding:»»Expanded park map area to show more ofthe surrounding neighborhood in order tobetter knit together neighborhood-level activetransportation facilities and parks.»»The location of nearby transit stops,both rail and bus (not just showingrail lines, as is done today).»»The location of bikeways and sharedusepaths that connect to the park.»»The location of any designated bicycle parkingwithin the park, particularly if it is covered.»»The location of enhanced pedestriancrossing opportunities that servethe park (such as traffic signals).»»The presence of any active recreation facilitieswithin the park (such as a walkingtrail), including mileage that peoplecan use to meet their fitness goals.CREATE AN ACTIVE PARKS APPAn application for mobile devices would helpresidents and visitors access parks by bikingand walking. Features might include:»»A “find my park” tool that allows users to selecta walking or bicycling distance from theircurrent location, and (optionally) desired recreationofferings, that shows users the locationsof parks that fit their search terms, and displayson-street bicycle routes and shared-use paths.»»A trip planning tool (potentially integratedwith a search engine) to help users plan walking,bicycling, and transit trips to parks.»»Park site maps that show designated/shelteredbicycle parking, walking/runningtrails, and bicycling routes through parks.Wayfinding signs can display a variety ofinformation, not just destinations.MAKE WAY FOR PLAYAPPENDIX E: Finding the Way to Parks

»»Integration with GPS features to tell users howlong/how far they have walked or ridden and/or how many calories they have expended.CREATE PARK-THEMED WALKS AND RIDESLocal partners (such as Chicago Park District,CLOCC, and other partners), could createa series of self-guided rides and walks thathighlight pleasant and popular walkingand bicycling routes to and between parks.These routes should be created to offersomething for everyone, and can be rated fortheir difficulty. Historic, natural, and culturalhighlights along the route should be featured,and fitness information like mileage/calories/steps should be provided as well.Once routes are created, they can be shared ina variety of ways:»»On the Chicago Park District website»»As downloadable PDFs»»Through the Active Parks app»»In a booklet or book»»In a series of guided walks andrides, offered to the public»»Distributed through the Bicycling andSafe Routes Ambassador programsThe Lakefront Bike Route is signed to aid bicyclist navigationCREATE WALK TO PARKS SIGNSTransit planners often talk about solving the“first and last mile” problem of connectingpeople from their variable starting places toa fixed-location transit stop, and from thestop to their final destination. In the contextof walking to parks, a similar “last few blocks”problem exists when encouraging neighbors towalk to parks. A creative, low-budget signage94

APPENDIX FHISTORIC PARKS6. Agency and Consultant Project Manager HistoricResources Organization ChartDo proposed improvements affect a historic Chicago Park District property or historic boulevard?Check Tables 2A and 2B. If “yes” please follow organization chart below.Historic CPD PropertyHistoric BoulevardConsult with CPD Historian,Division of Planning.CPD Division of Planning willassign a project manager whowill help coordinate projectthroughout CPD processoutlined is Sections 3 and 4.Project using state or federalfunding triggers a Section106 Review, and mustreceive approval from IHPA.Consult and coordinate withIHPA staff during designprocess for input on negativeimpacts and preferred designsolutions.NRHP Chicago Landmark BothProject using state or federalfunding triggers a Section106 Review, and mustreceive approval from IHPA.Consult and coordinate withIHPA staff during designprocess for input on negativeimpacts and preferred designsolutions.Consult with DHED- HistoricPreservation Division who willassign a staff member to yourproject and will review workpermit application.Permit applicationreviewed and approvedby Commission onChicago Landmarks.Follow protocolsfor both NRHPand ChicagoLandmark site.IHPA issues Memorandumof Agreement that stipulatesmeasures to mitigate thenegative impact to thehistoric property.IHPA issues Memorandumof Agreement that stipulatesmeasures to mitigate thenegative impact to thehistoric property.Full Commissionapproval atbi-monthly publicmeetings“Low-threshold”projects may beapproved byAssistantCommissioner,Historic PreservationDivision.MAKE WAY FOR PLAYAPPENDIX F: Historic Parks