Session K.pdf - Clarkson University

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It was observed that, from Nov. 16, 1999, the air temperature dropped suddenly (figure 8)and the staging effect developed. A 96-hour simulation was conducted, for the period ofNov. 16 to Nov. 19. A composite sine function is used to interpolate the daily maximumand minimum air temperature, as shown in Figure 8, to better reflect the diurnal air temperaturevariation. The staging and water discharge during this time period are shown inFigures 9 and 10. The water temperature and frazil concentration distributions are affectedby the air temperature variation and also by the water discharge cycling. The simulatedwater temperature and frazil concentration distributions, assuming that the water temperatureof the discharge from the station is 0.05 o C, are shown on Figures 11 and 12 at the endof the simulation (hour 96).50-5Generated CurveMaximumAverageMinimumTemperature ( o C)-10-15-20-25-300 24 48 72 96 120 144 168 192 216 240Time (Hours from Nov. 16, 1999)Fig. 8. Air temperature from Nov. 16, 1999CONCLUSIONSA coupled two-dimensional depth-averaged flow and thermal-ice model is developed.The flow model is capable of simulating mixed flow conditions with the capability oftreating dry-and-wet bed conditions with fluctuating discharges. The thermal-ice modelis capable of simulating water temperature and frazil concentration distributions. Themodel is applied to the tailwater of the Limestone Generating Station to simulate theflow and water temperature/frazil ice conditions. The model is to be extended to studythe formation of anchor ice dams in the Sundance Rapids area of the river reach.328
Tailwater Elevation vs. DischargeObserved Data on Nov.16-1957.00056.000Elevation (m)55.00054.00053.00052.000Nov.16Rating CurveNov. 17Nov.18Nov. 1951.0000.0 1000.0 2000.0 3000.0 4000.0 5000.0discharge (m 3 /s)Fig. 9. Staging effect of anchor ice development in Nov.16 to 19, 19996000.05000.0Water DischargeWater Discharge (m^3/s)4000.03000.02000.01000.00.011-15-99 11-16-99 11-17-99 11-18-99 11-19-99 11-20-99 11-21-99DateFig. 10. Water discharge variation from Nov. 16 to 19329
Page 1 and 2: 17th International Symposium on Ice
Page 3 and 4: 57.00056.000Elevation (m)55.00054.0
Page 5: (m 3 /s)50004000300020001000Hour 24
Page 9 and 10: REFERENCESBerger, R.C. and Stocksti
Page 11 and 12: consequences of the blocked up turb
Page 15 and 16: The position of the section of maxi
Page 17 and 18: The purpose of the tests was to def
Page 19 and 20: size of the flowing up particle is
Page 21 and 22: The combined usage of the umbrella-
Page 23 and 24: hτιj⎡∂(hu∂ ⎤i ) (hu j )=
Page 25 and 26: length was ≈800 m, its average wi
Page 27 and 28: Fig. 5. The ice thickness distribut
Page 31 and 32: the most appropriate automatic spil
Page 33 and 34: HPP turbines were not operating dur
Page 35 and 36: shown (Figure 4). Along the front c
Page 39 and 40: constant inclination. The channel s
Page 41 and 42: All temperatures are compared with
Page 43 and 44: Differance [ o C]5.004.003.002.001.
Page 47 and 48: Fig. 2. Grounded hummock by drying
Page 49 and 50: from each board, going from stem to
Page 51 and 52: consist in indemnification of the i
Page 53: REFERENCE1. Goldshtejn R.V., Osipen

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