Session K.pdf - Clarkson University
Session K.pdf - Clarkson University
Session K.pdf - Clarkson University
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17th International Symposium on IceSaint Petersburg, Russia, 21-25 June 2004International Association of Hydraulic Engineering and ResearchMODELING OF ICE COVER IN EXPERIMENTAL BASINSValery Zuev 1 , Eugene Gramuzov 1 , Marina Balakshina 1ABSTRACTPhysical modeling of ships and hydraulic structures interaction with ice is impeded,mainly, by the difficulties of creation of adequate ice cover model. Practical and theoreticalaspects of modeling are reviewed. It is shown that under impossibility of the fullsatisfaction of the similarity theory requirements, partial modelling can bring useful resultsif similarity criteria set, ice cover model and methods of data expantion were chosenrationally. Similarity criteria, allowing widening of model ice cover search area, areformulated. Effective ice cover models, allowing modeling of resistance to ice destructionand methods of data expantion are suggested. Research results are verified by numerousexperiments in ice experimental basin.Complexity of processes of interaction of ships and constructions with ice not alwaysallows to make authentic mathematical model of such interaction. At the same time necessityof reception of the information about ships ice qualities during their designingmakes address to modeling experiment.At known criteria of modeling [6] the most natural way is selection of the materialsimulating an ice cover and satisfying these criteria. However, until now the model ofan ice cover completely satisfying much figurative conditions of modeling is not createdyet. Therefore, search of new materials satisfying conditions of similarity and developmentof techniques of recalculation of tests results at partial similarity are of great interest.At the decision of task on modeling, interaction of the vessel and hydraulic engineeringconstructions with ice in ice pool, the big degree of detailed elaboration of this componentis necessary since this component has the greatest densities in balance of full iceresistance and in the most sensitive way depends on "quality" of lab ice.On the basis of extensive experience of natural supervision, we shall present process ofdestruction of ice as follows. Stem of the ice breaker, contacting the ice rumples an edgeof an ice cover and bends it. In process of vessel stem movement , normal pressure ofstem on ice grows. It occurs until bending pressure in ice cover do not achieve breakingpoint and there will be first radial crack before stem. At its occurrence there is a redistributionof pressure in an ice plate then one more or several radial cracks are formed1 RFNC–VNIIEF, bal@niik.vniief.ru; balac@rol.ru370