10th Symposium on the Flora of Southeastern Serbia and ...

10 th <strong>Symposium</strong> on the Flora of Southeastern Serbia and Neighbouring regions,Vlasina 17 to 20 June 2010The Flora of the archeological sites and localities of theRoman city Sirmium (Sremska Mitrovica)Stanković, M.Special Nature Reserve “Zasavica”, Serbiazasavica@zasavica.org.rsModern-day Sremska Mitrovica, the imperial Roman city, is situated on theleft bank of the Sava River.The exceptionally long and turbulent history of SremskaMitrovica, which is one of the oldest cities in our country and in Europe, has leftnumerous traces from past centuries.The first excavations were carried out in 1882and systematic archeological excavations were started in 1957.To six years of research there were a total of 181 plant species. Of the totalnumber of species determined seven or 3.8% is protected as a natural rarity of Serbiain the new Regulation, while six or 3.3% on the Regulation under the control of thetrade of wild species of plants. The largest number of protected species at the site of85 and 31 by five, which amounts to 2,7% of total number of species. The largestnumber is 102 determined species at the site of 31 of which are 11 species of trees,six species of shrubs kind liana and 162 herbaceous plant species are the biggestpercentage ruderal species. Dominate the Eurasian species flour element, a subspecies are dominant nantne flour Central European elements as well ascosmopolitan species. The much smaller percentage of the plants presentMediterranean, Pannonian, Pont, South Sibirian flour element. From a total of 15species allochthonous 12 species from North America, two species from SouthAmerica and one species from Asia (China). Seventeen species is present at all fivesites during the period of field research. For all the archaeological sites distinguishthe two types of colonization of plants, the first type are the kind that appear in thebottom of the site and another type of species that inhabit the cracks of the wallsdigs. All excavations are surrounded by or located near the green area where thereare some ornamental horticultural species, so it is not surprising that some of theseornamental species recorded on the archaeological sites themselves were at thebottom or walls. It is primarily thinking of anemochorae species that have seed andeasily as possible, spreading through the wind. In addition anemochoring kind ofsites are noticed and zoochorae species whose berries and fleshy fruits are often withstone fruit food for birds and spreed them. Two of the five sites (sites 1a and 28) areheld ie. hair grass, remove trees and wild shrubbery, while the remaining three sitesare still not maintained. Coverage of the site 1a was preceded by a detailed cleaningand removal of entire plants. So, since 2007. The 1a site ceases to be subject to anykind of biological research because the site restored and covered on all the latestregulations.31