Report on Harmonisation of freshwater biological methods
Report on Harmonisation of freshwater biological methods Report on Harmonisation of freshwater biological methods
countries also covers Non-EU Member States. All discussed methods are listed in theAnnex III comprising data on status and literature references. Detailed descriptions ofmost methods comprising the complete set of acquired data are available athttp://starwp3.eu-star.at (Waterview Database).41. The following section provides a short summary of the state-of-the-art ofbiological methods and watercourse monitoring using benthic macroinvertebrates ineach country. Information has mainly been taken from Waterview Database (2004)and Birk and Schmedtje (in print).Austria42. For WFD implementation a multimetric method for assessing the ecological statusof rivers is in preparation. This benthic invertebrate based stressor-specific (organicpollution and habitat alteration) multimetric index for monitoring running waters inAustria has been elaborated (Ofenböck et al. 2004) and will be finalised by the end of2004 covering all Austrian stream types. In this context it is planned to extend thenational monitoring network to a maximum of 900 sites and to all biological qualityelements (benthic invertebrates, macrophytes and phytobenthos, and fish) accordingto their relevance for the surface water type.Belgium43. Applied in Belgium since 1978 (standardised since 1984) the Belgian Biotic Index(BBI) represents a simple, rapid, reliable, low cost and practical assessment-tool forwatercourses using benthic invertebrates The calculation of the BBI is performed byusing a table with indicating faunistic groups and number of systematic units. Asystematic group involves mostly taxonomical groups at genus or family level. Theresulting value of the BBI is classified on a five-class quality scale ranging fromlightly polluted or unpolluted to very heavily polluted (cf Republic of Ireland system).44. The Biotic Sediment Index (BSI) is an adapted version of the Belgian Biotic Indexbased on the taxonomic diversity of benthic macroinvertebrate community and thepresence or absence of indicator taxa in a given sediment sample. The degree ofpollution sensitivity of a taxon is related to 13 contaminants (heavy metals, organictoxicants) resulting in five pollution tolerance ranks. BSI score can vary between 10and 0, corresponding with four sediment quality classes.76
Bulgaria44. In Bulgaria, the Danube and its tributaries have been studied on the basis ofbenthic invertebrate data for more than twenty years. The national method forbiological water quality assessment of running waters is a biotic index based on theIrish Quality Rating System. The Saprobic Index was formerly prescribed in theCOMECON 9 agreement, but today it is only used in the frame of scientific analyses(Peev and Gerassimov, 1999).Cyprus45. In Cyprus the biodiversity of the macroinvertebrate fauna is being quantifiedaccording to the Sequential Comparison Index (SCI) methodology and an estimate ofa Species Deficit Score (SDS), comparing the local number of species with thenumber of species at a reference or upstream area. Organic pollution is beingevaluated according to the method prescribed by the Biological Monitoring WorkingParty (BMWP).Czech Republic46. Saprobiological monitoring based on investigations of the benthic invertebratefauna is used for the standardised assessment of organic pollution in Czech rivers. Thedegree of pollution is evaluated according to the technical norm SN 75 7716 (1998)and is applied in a large monitoring network (approx. 1450 sites).47. Since 2002 small watercourses have been monitored by using the PERLAprediction system. Here, the observed fauna is compared with an expected streamtype-specific reference fauna in order to assess biological quality.48. Besides the PERLA system, a multimetric approach has been elaborated, which isa Czech modification of the AQEM system (Brabec et al., 2004). In this study organicpollution and morphological degradation have been assessed on three small and midsizedstream types. For WFD implementation the application of both predictive andmultimetric assessment are under discussion.Denmark9 Council for Mutual Economic Assistance77
- Page 25 and 26: 100. The information received from
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countries also covers N<strong>on</strong>-EU Member States. All discussed <strong>methods</strong> are listed in theAnnex III comprising data <strong>on</strong> status and literature references. Detailed descripti<strong>on</strong>s <strong>of</strong>most <strong>methods</strong> comprising the complete set <strong>of</strong> acquired data are available athttp://starwp3.eu-star.at (Waterview Database).41. The following secti<strong>on</strong> provides a short summary <strong>of</strong> the state-<strong>of</strong>-the-art <strong>of</strong><strong>biological</strong> <strong>methods</strong> and watercourse m<strong>on</strong>itoring using benthic macroinvertebrates ineach country. Informati<strong>on</strong> has mainly been taken from Waterview Database (2004)and Birk and Schmedtje (in print).Austria42. For WFD implementati<strong>on</strong> a multimetric method for assessing the ecological status<strong>of</strong> rivers is in preparati<strong>on</strong>. This benthic invertebrate based stressor-specific (organicpolluti<strong>on</strong> and habitat alterati<strong>on</strong>) multimetric index for m<strong>on</strong>itoring running waters inAustria has been elaborated (Ofenböck et al. 2004) and will be finalised by the end <strong>of</strong>2004 covering all Austrian stream types. In this c<strong>on</strong>text it is planned to extend thenati<strong>on</strong>al m<strong>on</strong>itoring network to a maximum <strong>of</strong> 900 sites and to all <strong>biological</strong> qualityelements (benthic invertebrates, macrophytes and phytobenthos, and fish) accordingto their relevance for the surface water type.Belgium43. Applied in Belgium since 1978 (standardised since 1984) the Belgian Biotic Index(BBI) represents a simple, rapid, reliable, low cost and practical assessment-tool forwatercourses using benthic invertebrates The calculati<strong>on</strong> <strong>of</strong> the BBI is performed byusing a table with indicating faunistic groups and number <strong>of</strong> systematic units. Asystematic group involves mostly tax<strong>on</strong>omical groups at genus or family level. Theresulting value <strong>of</strong> the BBI is classified <strong>on</strong> a five-class quality scale ranging fromlightly polluted or unpolluted to very heavily polluted (cf Republic <strong>of</strong> Ireland system).44. The Biotic Sediment Index (BSI) is an adapted versi<strong>on</strong> <strong>of</strong> the Belgian Biotic Indexbased <strong>on</strong> the tax<strong>on</strong>omic diversity <strong>of</strong> benthic macroinvertebrate community and thepresence or absence <strong>of</strong> indicator taxa in a given sediment sample. The degree <strong>of</strong>polluti<strong>on</strong> sensitivity <strong>of</strong> a tax<strong>on</strong> is related to 13 c<strong>on</strong>taminants (heavy metals, organictoxicants) resulting in five polluti<strong>on</strong> tolerance ranks. BSI score can vary between 10and 0, corresp<strong>on</strong>ding with four sediment quality classes.76
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