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8.2 Basic Formation of Step Ladder Diagram Single path• Step S20 alone moves to step S21 through X0.STP S20X0• X0 can be changed to other serial or parallelcombination of contacts.STP S21 Selective divergence/convergenceSTP S20X0STP S21Selective divergenceX1 X2STP S22 STP S23• Step S20 selects an only one path which divergentcondition first met. E.g. X2 is ON first, then only the pathof step S23 will be executed.• A divergence may have up to 8 paths maximum.• X1, X2, ….., X22 can all be replaced by the serial orparallel combination of other contacts.STP S30X20STP S31X21STP S32X22Selective convergenceSTP S40 Simultaneous divergence/convergenceSTP S20X0Simultaneous divergence• After X0 is ON, step S20 will simultaneously execute allpaths below it, i.e. all S21, S22, S23, and so on, are inaction.STP S21STP S22STP S23• All divergent paths at a convergent point will be executedto the last step (e.g. S30, S31 and S32). When X1 is ON,they can then transfer to S40 for execution.• The number of divergent paths must be the same as theSTP S30STP S31STP S32number of convergent paths. The maximum number ofdivergence/convergence path is 8.X1Simultaneous convergenceSTP S408-2

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