The Prophet and His Day: Isaiah 1-39 - Free Bible Commentary

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ISAIAH 5PARAGRAPH DIVISIONS OF MODERN TRANSLATIONSNASB NKJV NRSV TEV NJBParable of the VineyardGod’s DisappointingVineyardSong of the Vineyard The Song of the Vineyard The Song of the Vineyard5:1-2(1-2)5:1-7(1b-2)5:1-2(1-2)5:1-2(1-2)5:1-4(1-4)5:3-6(3-6) (3-6)5:7(7) (7)5:3-4(3-4)5:5-6(5-6)5:7-10(7-10)5:3-45:5-6 5:5-7(5-7)5:7(7)Woes for the WickedImpending Judgment onExcessesThe Evil That People DoCurses5:8-12(8-12)5:8-10(8-10)5:8-10 5:8-10(8-10)5:11-12(11-12)5:11-13(11-13)5:11-14 5:11-14(11-14)5:13-17(13-17)5:13-17(13-17)5:14-17(14-17)5:15-17 5:15-17(15-17)5:18-23(18-23)5:18-19(18-19)5:18-24(18-24)5:18-19 5:18-19(18-19)5:20(20)5:20 5:20(20)5:21(21)5:21 5:21(21)5:22-23(22-23)5:22-25 5:22-24(22-24)5:24-25(24-25)5:24-25a(24-25a)Yahweh’s Anger5:25b(25b)5:25-30(25-30)5:25(25)Yahweh Summons theInvaders5:26-30(26-30)5:26-30(26-30)5:26-29 5:26(26)5:27(27)5:28(28)69
5:29(29)5:30 5:30(30)READING CYCLE THREE (see p. xvi in introductory section)FOLLOWING THE ORIGINAL AUTHOR’S INTENT AT PARAGRAPH LEVELThis is a study guide commentary, which means that you are responsible for your owninterpretation of the Bible. Each of us must walk in the light we have. You, the Bible, and the HolySpirit are priority in interpretation. You must not relinquish this to a commentator.Read the chapter in one sitting. Identify the subjects (reading cycle #3, p. xvi). Compare yoursubject divisions with the five translations above. Paragraphing is not inspired, but it is the key tofollowing the original author’s intent, which is the heart of interpretation. Every paragraph has one andonly one subject.1. First paragraph2. Second paragraph3. Third paragraph4. Etc.BACKGROUND STUDYA. It is difficult to know the historical context of this chapter. It may apply to any part of thepreaching ministry of Isaiah. Moderns do not know how the prophetic books were complied.B. Apparently this folk ballad was sung at some gathering of the nation of Judah. Whether itwas in a temple or in the marketplace is uncertain.C. It is important to remember that privilege brings responsibility (Luke 12:48).D. Allusions to the folk song are found in several places in the NT (cf. Matt. 21:33-46; Mark12:1-2; Luke 20:9-19).E. It must be remembered that Judah, during most of Isaiah’s prophetic ministry, was anextremely successful and prosperous nation. This prosperity brought spiritual weakness and adependency upon human resources instead of on God and His covenant promises andrequirements.70
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YOU CAN UNDERSTAND THE BIBLEISAIAH:
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Isaiah 26 .........................
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Elder, II John 1 ..................
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The Hebrew text used is Biblia Hebr
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II.Aspects of PredicationA. VERBSTh
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should clearly grasp, not so much t
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c. something which is possible or e
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NIVNJBNRSVOTPGREBRSVNew Internation
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A. The New King James Version (NKJV
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B. I believe the Bible was written
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. contemporary word usagec. genre3.
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In applying the Bible, it is import
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4. ambiguous textsAlthough the Engl
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2. by chronology3. by events which
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(3) Israel as(a) wife, 50:1(b) serv
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a. Hezekiah fully participated in t
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IX.MAIN TRUTHSA. Isaiah held Judah
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1:27-31(27-31) (27-31) (27-31)1:27-
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c. El-Shaddai (“God Almighty” o
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c. from a Ugaritic (Canaanite) root
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SPECIAL TOPIC: BOB’S EVANGELICAL
Page 44 and 45: incapable of appropriate action (cf
Page 46 and 47: Here is a good quote to conclude th
Page 48 and 49: } “whole head. . .whole heart”
Page 50 and 51: SPECIAL TOPIC: THE REMNANT, THREE S
Page 52 and 53: 2. other sexual sins, Lev. 18:26,27
Page 54 and 55: (4) redemption(5) glorification(6)
Page 56 and 57: 3. the covenant with Abraham (cf. G
Page 58 and 59: 3. Asis - This is obviously alcohol
Page 60 and 61: NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 1:24-2624There
Page 62 and 63: SPECIAL TOPIC: FIREFire has both po
Page 64 and 65: ISAIAH 2PARAGRAPH DIVISIONS OF MODE
Page 66 and 67: C. The resultant Judgment of YHWH,
Page 68 and 69: Zaphon in the far north (cf. Isa. 1
Page 70 and 71: The world mission of gospel proclam
Page 72 and 73: Lord.” I have come face to face w
Page 74 and 75: and make it “traders.” It seems
Page 76 and 77: 21In order to go into the caverns o
Page 80 and 81: Woe to them!For they have brought e
Page 82 and 83: 3:4 Judah’s elder leadership will
Page 84 and 85: These phrases could be1. literala.
Page 86 and 87: 3:17NASB, NJB,REB “make their for
Page 90 and 91: } “the Branch of the LORD” To d
Page 92 and 93: SPECIAL TOPIC: THE TWO BOOKS OF GOD
Page 96 and 97: BRIEF OUTLINEA. The Parabolic Song,
Page 98 and 99: 6I will lay it waste;It will not be
Page 100 and 101: SPECIAL TOPIC: ANCIENT NEAR EASTERN
Page 102 and 103: them spiritual ears and eyes (cf. D
Page 104 and 105: 2. Jeremiah changed it from a place
Page 106 and 107: 5:17 “Then the lambs will graze a
Page 108 and 109: So their root will become like rot
Page 110 and 111: The term “nations” in the Masor
Page 112 and 113: CONTEXTUAL INSIGHTSA. There has alw
Page 114 and 115: II.9. human form - Exod. 24:9-11; P
Page 116 and 117: SPECIAL TOPIC: HOLYI. Old Testament
Page 118 and 119: 12The LORD has removed men far away
Page 120 and 121: } “Send me” The VERB “send”
Page 122 and 123: } “Whose stump remains when it is
Page 124 and 125: 3. Third paragraph4. Etc.BACKGROUND
Page 126 and 127: } “Shear-jashub” This is Isaiah
Page 128 and 129: } “from the LORD your God” It i
Page 130 and 131: 7:18 “In that day” “That day
Page 134 and 135: 8:1 “Take for yourself a large ta
Page 136 and 137: 4. Huldah was a prophetess whom Kin
Page 138 and 139: Even the king of Assyria and all hi
Page 140 and 141: 55:8-11; Ps. 33:11). God needs nor
Page 142 and 143: III.C. Paul uses the concept of a
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The second NOUN, “spiritists” (
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Read the chapter in one sitting. Id
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Because of the desert between Mesop
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NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 9:8-128The Lor
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19By the fury of the LORD of hosts
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following the original author’s i
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10:6 “a godless nation. . .the pe
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Or like a rod lifting him who is no
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27So it will be in that day, that h
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10:33 The second half of this verse
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2. Second paragraph3. Third paragra
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a. counsel, BDB 420b. strength, BDB
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The fatling would have sacrificial
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(2) Mark 10:41(3) Luke 14:31; 15:8;
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ISAIAH 12PARAGRAPH DIVISIONS OF MOD
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} “although You were angry with m
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WORD AND PHRASE STUDYNASB (UPDATED)
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13:2 This describes the gathering o
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6. little ones dashed to pieces in
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2. The concept of a personal archen
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} “Jacob. . .Israel” These two
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happened, and just as I have planne
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14:12 “How you have fallen from h
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Loss of descendants was seen as a g
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DISCUSSION QUESTIONSThis is a study
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CONTEXTUAL INSIGHTSLocations Mentio
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15:2 “Dibon. . .Nebo. . .Medeba
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16:2 Moab is described as1. fleeing
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12So it will come about when Moab p
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} “the remnant of Syria” This p
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SPECIAL TOPIC: FERTILITY WORSHIP OF
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NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 17:12-1412Alas
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3All you inhabitants of the world a
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However, this context could be unde
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In this text the people claimed to
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7. purified the water at Marah, Exo
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NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 19:16-1716In t
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} “a Savior and a Champion” In
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6. sparing Jerusalem from Assyria,
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3. Third paragraph4. Etc.CONTEXTUAL
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21:3-4 The prophet describes the ef
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NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 21:11-1211The
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ased on certain word plays or key w
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This same area may have been filled
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22:15-19 This describes YHWH’s ju
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1. Gen. 15:6 - Abram’s personal e
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2. load will be cut down (BDB 154,
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CONTEXTUAL INSIGHTSA. This condemna
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2. the palace, temple, and fortress
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23:10 The rival maritime empire of
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23:17-18 The riches of Phoenicia wi
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BACKGROUND STUDYA. Isaiah 24-27 for
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6. completely despoiled, v. 3, BDB
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Peshitta “shall be destroyed”LX
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} “As the shaking of an olive tre
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angels who have aided in either the
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4. You have made a city into a heap
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}NASBNKJV, PeshittaNRSVTEV, NJBREB
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25:9 “in that day” This refers
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6. “spread out,” BDB 831, KB 97
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VIII. “His words”A. BDB 202 - D
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NJB, REB “we invoke your name”L
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NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 26:20-2120Come
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CONTEXTUAL INSIGHTSA. This is the c
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27:4-5 There are several COHORTATIV
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} “by driving them away” The He
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DISCUSSION QUESTIONSThis is a study
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following the original author’s i
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Notice how the LORD’S agent is ch
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For morning after morning it will p
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28:16 This verse is a shocking chan
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29This also comes from the LORD of
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CONTEXTUAL INSIGHTSA. The Jewish St
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Thus the multitude of all the natio
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This was accomplished by1. blob of
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NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 29:22-2422Ther
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. LutroÇ, “to release”(1) to r
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} “rebellious children” This ti
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Prophesy illusions.11Get out of the
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. see not, BDB 906, KB 1157, negate
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NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 30:1818Therefo
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2. good crops, v. 23a. rich (BDB 20
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JB“will be battered”LXX, Peshit
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B. The Anchor Bible has an interest
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} “the LORD of hosts come down”
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} “whose fire. . .furnace” This
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CONTEXTUAL INSIGHTSA. Chapters 31-3
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12Beat your breasts for the pleasan
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NJB “Ophel” (BDB 779), a sectio
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l. eternity everlasting(1) I Kgs. 8
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all people are honored and treated
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} “locusts” Locust invasions we
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33:13 “You who are far away. . .y
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3. or bothIn v. 17, both “your ey
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B. Because there is a double space
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34:4 This hyperbolic language relat
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NKJV “night creature”NRSV, NJB
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1. seek, BDB 205, KB 233, Qal IMPER
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. fear not, BDB 431, KB 432, Qal IM
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36:2 “And the king of Assyria sen
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36:7 “whose high places and whose
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2. Arpad was a city in northern Syr
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1. First paragraph2. Second paragra
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} “I will make him fall by the sw
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37:19 The truth of v. 18 is seen to
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II.3. Model Prayer, Matt. 6:5-13; L
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C. Other aspects1. Perseverancea. L
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translation. The term can have eith
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NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 38:4-64Then th
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} “LORD. . .LORD” The MT has Ya
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The MT has the VERB “loved” (8-
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Also note that the Babylon of Hezek
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B. A. Briggs in his book, General I
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APPENDIX TWOINTRODUCTION TO OLD TES
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E. Prophets represent God to the pe
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APPENDIX THREEA BRIEF HISTORICAL SU
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Haran. He engaged the Babylonian fo
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n. 1340-1310 Haremhab3. 19th Dynast
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APPENDIX FOURCHARTSOLD TESTAMENT TI
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KINGS AND EVENTS OF THE BABYLONIAN,
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GREECE359 - 336 Philip II of Macedo
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GREEK359 - 336 Philip II of Macedon
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JUDAH’S KINGS (I CHR. 3:1-16; MAT
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APPENDIX FIVE - DOCTRINAL STATEMENT
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The Prophet and His Day: Isaiah 1-39 - Free Bible Commentary

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