The Prophet and His Day: Isaiah 1-39 - Free Bible Commentary
The Prophet and His Day: Isaiah 1-39 - Free Bible Commentary The Prophet and His Day: Isaiah 1-39 - Free Bible Commentary
NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 29:22-2422Therefore thus says the LORD, who redeemed Abraham, concerning the house of Jacob:"Jacob shall not now be ashamed, nor shall his face now turn pale;23But when he sees his children, the work of My hands, in his midst,They will sanctify My name;Indeed, they will sanctify the Holy One of JacobAnd will stand in awe of the God of Israel.24Those who err in mind will know the truth,And those who criticize will accept instruction.29:22-24 As vv. 5-8 break into the context of judgment on Jerusalem with a word of hope, so too, vv.22-24. This rapid contrast between judgment oracles and promise oracles is characteristic of theProphets. Judgment is always for the purpose of restoration!Yes, God will judge His people when they sin and break His covenant, but He has a greaterpurpose for them (i.e., an eternal redemptive plan for all humanity).Notice the different phrases and titles that denote the covenant Deity.1. the LORD, who redeemed Abraham, v. 222. his children, the work of My hands, v. 233. My name. . .the Holy One of Jacob, v. 234. the God of Israel, v. 23, cf. 1:429:22 The chosen family of Abraham developed into the tribes of Jacob’s sons. YHWH promises a daywhen, by His power and covenant presence, they1. shall not be ashamed, BDB 101, KB 116, Qal IMPERFECT, used often in the Psalms, Isaiah,and Jeremiah2. nor shall his face grow pale, BDB 301, KB 299, Qal IMPERFECT, the VERB is found only hereBoth of these VERBS refer to Hebrew idioms of despair and guilt over disobedient behavior. The sinnerfeels the displeasure of God!} “who redeemed Abraham” This VERB (BDB 804, KB 911, Qal PERFECT, see Special Topicfollowing) is here used of Abraham. This could mean1. redeemed from a polytheistic family (cf. Genesis 11)2. uniquely chosen as God’s covenant partner (i.e., Genesis 12, 15, 17)3. a specific act of deliverancea. from Pharaoh (cf. Gen. 12:10-20)b. from Abimelech (cf. Genesis 20)YHWH is called “the Redeemer of Israel” (cf. 41:14; 43:14; 48:17; 49:7,26; 54:5,8). That concept ofYHWH as the special redeemer of a chosen family may be the theological thrust of vv. 22-23.289
SPECIAL TOPIC: RANSOM/REDEEMI. OLD TESTAMENTA. There are primarily two Hebrew legal terms which convey this concept.1. Gaal (BDB 145, I), which basically means “to free by means of a price paid.” A form ofthe term go’el adds to the concept a personal intermediary, usually a family member (i.e.,kinsman redeemer). This cultural aspect of the right to buy back objects, animals, land(cf. Leviticus 25,27), or relatives (cf. Ruth 4:14; Isa. 29:22) is transferred theologically toYHWH’s deliverance of Israel from Egypt (cf. Exod. 6:6; 15:13; Ps. 74:2; 77:15; Jer.31:11). He becomes “the redeemer” (cf. Job 19:25; Ps. 19:14; 78:35; Pro. 23:11; Isa.41:14; 43:14; 44:6,24; 47:4; 48:17; 49:7,26; 54:5,8; 59:20; 60:16; 63:16; Jer. 50:34).2. Padah (BDB 804), which basically means “to deliver” or “to rescue”a. the redemption of the firstborn (Exod. 13:13,14 and Num. 18:15-17)b. physical redemption is contrasted with spiritual redemption (Ps. 49:7,8,15)c. YHWH will redeem Israel from their sin and rebellion (Ps. 130:7-8)B. The theological concept involves several related items.1. There is a need, a bondage, a forfeiting, an imprisonment.a. physicalb. socialc. spiritual (cf. Ps. 130:8)2. A price must be paid for freedom, release, and restoration.a. of the nation of Israel (cf. Deut. 7:8)b. of the individual (cf. Job 19:25-27; 33:28)3. Someone must act as intermediary and benefactor. In gaal this one is usually a familymember or near kin (i.e., go’el, BDB 145).4. YHWH often describes Himself in familial terms.a. fatherb. husbandc. near kinRedemption was secured through YHWH’s personal agency; a price was paid, andredemption was achieved!II.NEW TESTAMENTA. There are several terms used to convey the theological concept.1. AgorazÇ (cf. I Cor. 6:20; 7:23; II Pet. 2:1; Rev. 5:9; 14:3-4). This is a commercial termwhich reflects a price paid for something. We are blood-bought people who do notcontrol our own lives. We belong to Christ.2. ExagorazÇ (cf. Gal. 3:13; 4:5; Eph. 5:16; Col. 4:5). This is also a commercial term. Itreflects Jesus’ substitutionary death on our behalf. Jesus bore the “curse” of aperformance-based law (i.e., Mosaic Law), which sinful humans could not accomplish.He bore the curse (cf. Deut. 21:23) for us all! In Jesus, God’s justice and love merge intofull forgiveness, acceptance, and access!3. LuÇ, “to set free”a. Lutron, “a price paid” (cf. Matt. 20:28; Mark 10:45). These are powerful wordsfrom Jesus’ own mouth concerning the purpose of His coming, to be the Savior ofthe world by paying a sin-debt He did not owe (cf. John 1:29).290
- Page 264 and 265: Peshitta “shall be destroyed”LX
- Page 266 and 267: } “As the shaking of an olive tre
- Page 268 and 269: angels who have aided in either the
- Page 270 and 271: ISAIAH 25PARAGRAPH DIVISIONS OF MOD
- Page 272 and 273: 4. You have made a city into a heap
- Page 274 and 275: }NASBNKJV, PeshittaNRSVTEV, NJBREB
- Page 276 and 277: 25:9 “in that day” This refers
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- Page 280 and 281: WORD AND PHRASE STUDYNASB (UPDATED)
- Page 282 and 283: 6. “spread out,” BDB 831, KB 97
- Page 284 and 285: VIII. “His words”A. BDB 202 - D
- Page 286 and 287: NJB, REB “we invoke your name”L
- Page 288 and 289: NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 26:20-2120Come
- Page 290 and 291: CONTEXTUAL INSIGHTSA. This is the c
- Page 292 and 293: 27:4-5 There are several COHORTATIV
- Page 294 and 295: } “by driving them away” The He
- Page 296 and 297: DISCUSSION QUESTIONSThis is a study
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- Page 306 and 307: 29This also comes from the LORD of
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- Page 310 and 311: Thus the multitude of all the natio
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- Page 316 and 317: . LutroÇ, “to release”(1) to r
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- Page 320 and 321: } “rebellious children” This ti
- Page 322 and 323: Prophesy illusions.11Get out of the
- Page 324 and 325: . see not, BDB 906, KB 1157, negate
- Page 326 and 327: NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 30:1818Therefo
- Page 328 and 329: 2. good crops, v. 23a. rich (BDB 20
- Page 330 and 331: JB“will be battered”LXX, Peshit
- Page 332 and 333: B. The Anchor Bible has an interest
- Page 334 and 335: } “the LORD of hosts come down”
- Page 336 and 337: } “whose fire. . .furnace” This
- Page 338 and 339: CONTEXTUAL INSIGHTSA. Chapters 31-3
- Page 340 and 341: 12Beat your breasts for the pleasan
- Page 342 and 343: NJB “Ophel” (BDB 779), a sectio
- Page 344 and 345: l. eternity everlasting(1) I Kgs. 8
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- Page 352 and 353: } “locusts” Locust invasions we
- Page 354 and 355: 33:13 “You who are far away. . .y
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- Page 362 and 363: NKJV “night creature”NRSV, NJB
SPECIAL TOPIC: RANSOM/REDEEMI. OLD TESTAMENTA. <strong>The</strong>re are primarily two Hebrew legal terms which convey this concept.1. Gaal (BDB 145, I), which basically means “to free by means of a price paid.” A form ofthe term go’el adds to the concept a personal intermediary, usually a family member (i.e.,kinsman redeemer). This cultural aspect of the right to buy back objects, animals, l<strong>and</strong>(cf. Leviticus 25,27), or relatives (cf. Ruth 4:14; Isa. 29:22) is transferred theologically toYHWH’s deliverance of Israel from Egypt (cf. Exod. 6:6; 15:13; Ps. 74:2; 77:15; Jer.31:11). He becomes “the redeemer” (cf. Job 19:25; Ps. 19:14; 78:35; Pro. 23:11; Isa.41:14; 43:14; 44:6,24; 47:4; 48:17; 49:7,26; 54:5,8; 59:20; 60:16; 63:16; Jer. 50:34).2. Padah (BDB 804), which basically means “to deliver” or “to rescue”a. the redemption of the firstborn (Exod. 13:13,14 <strong>and</strong> Num. 18:15-17)b. physical redemption is contrasted with spiritual redemption (Ps. 49:7,8,15)c. YHWH will redeem Israel from their sin <strong>and</strong> rebellion (Ps. 130:7-8)B. <strong>The</strong> theological concept involves several related items.1. <strong>The</strong>re is a need, a bondage, a forfeiting, an imprisonment.a. physicalb. socialc. spiritual (cf. Ps. 130:8)2. A price must be paid for freedom, release, <strong>and</strong> restoration.a. of the nation of Israel (cf. Deut. 7:8)b. of the individual (cf. Job 19:25-27; 33:28)3. Someone must act as intermediary <strong>and</strong> benefactor. In gaal this one is usually a familymember or near kin (i.e., go’el, BDB 145).4. YHWH often describes Himself in familial terms.a. fatherb. husb<strong>and</strong>c. near kinRedemption was secured through YHWH’s personal agency; a price was paid, <strong>and</strong>redemption was achieved!II.NEW TESTAMENTA. <strong>The</strong>re are several terms used to convey the theological concept.1. AgorazÇ (cf. I Cor. 6:20; 7:23; II Pet. 2:1; Rev. 5:9; 14:3-4). This is a commercial termwhich reflects a price paid for something. We are blood-bought people who do notcontrol our own lives. We belong to Christ.2. ExagorazÇ (cf. Gal. 3:13; 4:5; Eph. 5:16; Col. 4:5). This is also a commercial term. Itreflects Jesus’ substitutionary death on our behalf. Jesus bore the “curse” of aperformance-based law (i.e., Mosaic Law), which sinful humans could not accomplish.He bore the curse (cf. Deut. 21:23) for us all! In Jesus, God’s justice <strong>and</strong> love merge intofull forgiveness, acceptance, <strong>and</strong> access!3. LuÇ, “to set free”a. Lutron, “a price paid” (cf. Matt. 20:28; Mark 10:45). <strong>The</strong>se are powerful wordsfrom Jesus’ own mouth concerning the purpose of <strong>His</strong> coming, to be the Savior ofthe world by paying a sin-debt He did not owe (cf. John 1:29).290
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