The Prophet and His Day: Isaiah 1-39 - Free Bible Commentary

Notice how the LORD’S agent is characterized.1. strong2. mighty3. a storm of hail (cf. 30:30)4. a tempest of destruction5. a storm of mighty overflowing waters (cf. 8:7-8)6. “He has cast it down to earth with His hand” (i.e., YHWH sent it)28:4 This is an agricultural metaphor related to the greatly prized first ripe figs (cf. Hos. 9:10; Mic. 7:1).These fruits were eaten quickly and gone. So too, the fertile land of the Northern Ten Tribes is capturedand occupied by foreigners.28:5 “In that day” See note at 2:11. The day of YHWH’s visitation.} “a beautiful crown” This is obviously in contrast to “the proud crown of the drunkards of Ephraim”in v. 1. In 28:1 it refers to Samaria, here possibly a restored Jerusalem where the Messiah reigns (cf. vv.16-17).} “diadem” This is a rare NOUN (BDB 862) which is parallel to “crown” (BDB 742), used of the royalline in Samaria (cf. v. 1) and of Judah (62:3).God’s appointed leaders, even of the Davidic family, failed. He Himself will be their king, as itshould be (cf. I Sam. 8:7; 10:19).} “the remnant of His people” See Special Topic at 1:9. This verse is still in the strophe referring toIsrael. This may refer to those (few) of the northern tribes who will one day return to Jerusalem.28:6 This verse describes God’s new appointed Davidic leader (cf. 9:1-7; 11:1-5,10).1. a spirit of justice (esp. 11:2)2. a rallying of the defenders of the city (i.e., Jerusalem)28:7 I agree with JPSOA, TEV, and NJB that a paragraph break should occur between v. 6 and v. 7.Verses 7 and 8 describe the current drunken leadership of Judah (cf. v. 14; Jer. 13:12-14, seven of theVERBS are Qal PERFECTS, which denotes a settled state), similar to vv. 1-4, which describe the drunkenleadership of Israel.}NASB, NRSV,NJB “confused by wine”NKJV, ASV,LXX “swallowed up by wine”TEV“in confusion”JB“muddled with wine”REB“befuddled with wine”The VERB in BDB 118 (Niphal PERFECT) means “swallow down” or “swallow up” (cf. 25:8; Gen.41:7,24; Exod. 7:12; 15:12; Num. 16:30,32,34; 26:10; Deut. 11:6; Jer. 51:34).However, NIDOTTE, vol. 1, pp. 666-668 and KB 135-136 list three possible roots.1. KB 135 I, swallow, engulf2. KB 136 II, announce, communicate3. KB 136 III, Niphal confuse; Piel in 3:12; Pual in 9:16275