The Prophet and His Day: Isaiah 1-39 - Free Bible Commentary

angels who have aided in either the human rebellion or satanic temptation (see G. B. Caird, TheLanguage and Imagery of the Bible, p. 179).24:22 Both the prideful and arrogant kings of the earth (cf. 10:12; 13:11) and the national rebelliousangels (cf. LXX of Deut. 32:8 and Dan. 10:10-13) will be judged and imprisoned. This is very similar toII Pet. 2:4; Jude, v. 6; and Rev. 20:1-3. This seems to be an allusion to Sheol (OT) or Tartarus (NT).See Special Topic at 5:14.Some scholars have asserted that “after many days” refers to the millennium of Rev. 20:1-6. Thisis typical of millennial scholars who desperately seek some biblical evidence for the timeframementioned in Revelation 20. See my written commentary on Revelation 20 on the Internet atwww.freebiblecommentary.org.} “prisoners” This form (BDB 64) is found only here and it is missing in the DSS, the LXX, and theAramaic Targums.24:23 “the moon will be abashed and the sun ashamed” This is apocalyptic language speaking of thecataclysmic events within nature as the Creator approaches. The presence of the Lord Himself willbecome the light for mankind (cf. Isa. 30:26; 60:19, 20; Rev. 21:23; 22:5).} “the LORD of hosts will reign on Mount Zion and in Jerusalem” Here again is the universal aspectof all the world flowing unto Jerusalem to know the one true God (cf. Isa. 2:2-4; 24:23; 25:6-7; 27:6,13). This imagery is universalized to YHWH’s reign over all the earth in Dan. 2:35,44-45!} “His glory will be before His elders” The elders (BDB 278) were leaders in Moses’ day (i.e., Exod.3:16,18; 4:29; 12:21, etc.). The term denoted older men of the different tribes. It came to stand for allcivil leadership. In Isaiah the elders are irresponsible (cf. 3:2-3; 9:14-16), but here in the eschaton theywill behold YHWH’s glory (presumably in worship and adoration, i.e., redeemed elders). RobertGirdlestone, Synonyms of the Old Testament (p. 245) says they are representatives of all God’s people.SPECIAL TOPIC: ELDER1. used of the angels of God who make up the angelic council (cf. Isa. 24:23). This sameterminology is used of the angelic creatures of Revelation (cf. 4:4,10; 5:5,6,8,11,14; 7:11,13;11:16; 14:3; 19:4).2. used of tribal leaders (zaqen) in the OT (cf. Exod. 3:16; Num. 11:16). Later in the NT thisterm is applied to a group of leaders from Jerusalem who made up the high court of the Jews,the Sanhedrin (cf. Matt. 21:23; 26:57). In Jesus’ day this seventy-member body wascontrolled by a corrupt priesthood.3. used of the local leaders of a NT church. It was one of three synonymous terms (pastor,overseer, and elder cf. Titus: 1,5,7; Acts 20:17,28). Peter and John use it to include themselvesin the leadership group (cf. I Peter 5:1; II John 1; III John 1).4. used of older men in the church, not necessarily the leadership (cf. I Tim. 5:1; Titus 2:2).243