The Prophet and His Day: Isaiah 1-39 - Free Bible Commentary
The Prophet and His Day: Isaiah 1-39 - Free Bible Commentary The Prophet and His Day: Isaiah 1-39 - Free Bible Commentary
23:10 The rival maritime empire of Tarshish is invited to expand and overflow because of thedestruction of Phoenicia.An alternate understanding of the phrase is in the Septuagint, “Till your land; for no more shipscome out of Carthage.” This is followed by the REB, “Take to the tillage of your fields, you people ofTarshish; for your market is lost.” Your trading days are over, just settle down and farm your own land.23:11 “He has stretched His hand out over the sea” See note at 14:26.} “He has made the nations tremble” The VERB (BDB 919, KB 1182, Hiphil PERFECT) is used ofYHWH “shaking” several things.1. mountains, 5:252. heavens, 13:133. Sheol, 14:94. sea, 23:115. YHWH Himself, 28:216. those who feel secure, 32:10,117. nations, 64:2and once of Judah as she opposes YHWH in 37:29.} “Canaan” This could refer to Tyre as the only good fortress/harbor on the Canaanite coast or Canaanas a way of referring to the merchant kingdom of Phoenicia.NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 23:1212He has said, "You shall exult no more, O crushed virgin daughter of Sidon.Arise, pass over to Cyprus; even there you will find no rest."23:12 In this chapter Phoenicia (NIV) is called by the name of its old capital, “Sidon,” and its newcurrent capital, “Tyre.”} “Arise, pass over to Cyprus; even there you will find no rest” Some see this as referringspecifically to the king of Sidon, “Lulli,” fleeing from the Assyrian army to Cyprus in 701 B.C., wherehe was killed (JB footnote, p. 1177). This is surely possible, but not certain. Hebrew poetry isambiguous.NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 23:13-1813Behold, the land of the Chaldeans—this is the people which was not; Assyria appointed it fordesert creatures—they erected their siege towers, they stripped its palaces, they made it a ruin.14Wail, O ships of Tarshish,For your stronghold is destroyed.15Now in that day Tyre will be forgotten for seventy years like the days of one king. At the endof seventy years it will happen to Tyre as in the song of the harlot:16Take your harp, walk about the city,O forgotten harlot;Pluck the strings skillfully, sing many songs,That you may be remembered.17It will come about at the end of seventy years that the LORD will visit Tyre. Then she will goback to her harlot's wages and will play the harlot with all the kingdoms on the face of the earth.231
18Her gain and her harlot's wages will be set apart to the LORD; it will not be stored up orhoarded, but her gain will become sufficient food and choice attire for those who dwell in thepresence of the LORD.23:13 “the land of the Chaldeans” This seems to refer to the destruction of Babylon (not Neo-Babylon) by Assyria (cf. chapters 13-14). There are two “Babylons” mentioned in the Prophets.1 small semi-autonomous region close to the mouth of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers thatrebelled against Assyria and was invaded and their capital “Babylon” destroyed by Sargon II(722-705 B.C.), who took the Babylonian throne name “King of Babylon.” Then it wouldrefer to the Babylonian kingsa. Merodach-baladan, reigned 721-710 and again 703-702 B.C. (He sent messengers toHezekiah in 712 B.C., cf. II Kgs. 20:12-21; Isaiah 39)b. Shamash-shum-ukim, son of Esarhaddon, 681-669 B.C. and rival brother to Ashurbanipal[669-633 B.C.] who was made king of Assyria2. a new (i.e., “new”) Babylon appeared on the scene in 626 B.C. with the rise of Nabopolassor(626-605 B.C.), the father of Nebuchadnezzar II (605-562 B.C.). Nabopolassor wasinstrumental in the fall of Asshur (one Assyrian capital) in 614 B.C. and Nineveh (the mainAssyrian capital) in 612 B.C. (see of “Brief Historical Survey of the Powers of Mesopotamia”in Appendix Three).} “it” Does this refer to the Chaldean capital Babylon or Sidon/Tyre? In context it refers to Babylondestroyed by Sargon II in 710 or Sennacherib in 689 B.C. Tyre would look like Babylon. Assyria, Neo-Babylon, and Alexander the Great are coming!!!} “for desert creatures” This term (BDB 850 II) denotes wild desert animals of some kind. It has theadded connotation of being inhabited by the demonic (cf. NIDOTTE, vol. 3, p. 79, and NEB, REBtranslations).23:15 “for seventy years” The time designation appears here and in v. 17. It seems to allude to acomplete time (from 7 x 10, see Special Topic: Symbolic Numbers in Scripture at 11:12). Notice someof its usages in Scripture.1. revenge, Gen. 4:242. age of Terah when Abram was born, Gen. 11:263. seventy in Jacob’s family moved to Egypt, Exod. 1:54. seventy elders during the Wilderness Wandering Period, Exod. 24:1,9; Num. 11:16,24,25(also Ezek. 8:11)5. number of Abimelech’s brothers who were killed, Jdgs. 9:566. expected life span, Ps. 90:10 (double is a special blessing from God, Job 42:16)7. the plague of YHWH killed 70,000, II Sam. 24:15; I Chr. 21:148. Ahab’s seventy sons, II Kgs. 10:1,6,79. seventy year judgmenta. Judah in Babylon, Jer. 25:11; Dan. 9:2; Zech. 7:5b. Tyre, Isa. 23:1510. Jesus sent out seventy, Luke 10:1,1711. forgiveness 70 times 7, Matt. 18:22} “like the days of one king” This phrase designates the expected reign of a monarch. Seventy yearswas the time span for a normal life, but here it refers to a very long reign, which probably shows thesymbolic nature of the round number.232
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- Page 232 and 233: 6. sparing Jerusalem from Assyria,
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- Page 238 and 239: NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 21:11-1211The
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- Page 262 and 263: 6. completely despoiled, v. 3, BDB
- Page 264 and 265: Peshitta “shall be destroyed”LX
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- Page 284 and 285: VIII. “His words”A. BDB 202 - D
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23:10 <strong>The</strong> rival maritime empire of Tarshish is invited to exp<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> overflow because of thedestruction of Phoenicia.An alternate underst<strong>and</strong>ing of the phrase is in the Septuagint, “Till your l<strong>and</strong>; for no more shipscome out of Carthage.” This is followed by the REB, “Take to the tillage of your fields, you people ofTarshish; for your market is lost.” Your trading days are over, just settle down <strong>and</strong> farm your own l<strong>and</strong>.23:11 “He has stretched <strong>His</strong> h<strong>and</strong> out over the sea” See note at 14:26.} “He has made the nations tremble” <strong>The</strong> VERB (BDB 919, KB 1182, Hiphil PERFECT) is used ofYHWH “shaking” several things.1. mountains, 5:252. heavens, 13:133. Sheol, 14:94. sea, 23:115. YHWH Himself, 28:216. those who feel secure, 32:10,117. nations, 64:2<strong>and</strong> once of Judah as she opposes YHWH in 37:29.} “Canaan” This could refer to Tyre as the only good fortress/harbor on the Canaanite coast or Canaanas a way of referring to the merchant kingdom of Phoenicia.NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 23:1212He has said, "You shall exult no more, O crushed virgin daughter of Sidon.Arise, pass over to Cyprus; even there you will find no rest."23:12 In this chapter Phoenicia (NIV) is called by the name of its old capital, “Sidon,” <strong>and</strong> its newcurrent capital, “Tyre.”} “Arise, pass over to Cyprus; even there you will find no rest” Some see this as referringspecifically to the king of Sidon, “Lulli,” fleeing from the Assyrian army to Cyprus in 701 B.C., wherehe was killed (JB footnote, p. 1177). This is surely possible, but not certain. Hebrew poetry isambiguous.NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 23:13-1813Behold, the l<strong>and</strong> of the Chaldeans—this is the people which was not; Assyria appointed it fordesert creatures—they erected their siege towers, they stripped its palaces, they made it a ruin.14Wail, O ships of Tarshish,For your stronghold is destroyed.15Now in that day Tyre will be forgotten for seventy years like the days of one king. At the endof seventy years it will happen to Tyre as in the song of the harlot:16Take your harp, walk about the city,O forgotten harlot;Pluck the strings skillfully, sing many songs,That you may be remembered.17It will come about at the end of seventy years that the LORD will visit Tyre. <strong>The</strong>n she will goback to her harlot's wages <strong>and</strong> will play the harlot with all the kingdoms on the face of the earth.231
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